06 January 2017______________

57 Whitehall

Structural Statement
Addendum
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Document Control Contents

remarks: Issued for Planning and Listed Building Consents Executive Summary to Addendum page 2
Stuart Hookham Justin Gathercole David Sivyer
prepared
revision: P1 by:
MEng (Hons) checked by: MEng (Hons) approved by: MEng (Hons)
CEng MIStructE CEng MIStructE CEng MIStructE
refer to original
06/01/17 SHo JGa DSi Executive Summary
date: signature: signature: signature:
submission
refer to original
Section 1.0 Description of Existing Building
submission
Outline of Proposed Demolition and
Section 2.0 page 3
Enabling Works
Section 3.0 Summary of Structural Proposals page 7

Appendices

Appendix A Proposed Structure Drawings page 26

1 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall
Structural Statement Addendum
Executive Summary to Addendum
This addendum report has been prepared to supplement the Structural Statement originally submitted to
Westminster City Council for the planning and listed building consent applications. The addendum report
provides detail of the structural implications of the wider design changes submitted to Westminster City
Council by 57 Whitehall SARL.
Of the wider design changes submitted to Westminster City Council, the following have implications for the
proposed structural design:
- The increase to the footprint of the proposed new basement levels;
- The enlarged service bay entered from Whitehall Place;
- The design development to the ballroom ante area;
- The developed strategy for the enabling works and temporary site entrances.
The addendum report contains sections of the original report that have been amended to reflect the design
changes. The remaining sections not included are not significantly impacted by the design changes, and the
original sections therefore remain applicable to the submitted proposals.
2 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd
QF034/ver_05
An outline summary of the implications of each design change to the proposed structural design is provided
below; further details of the amendments are provided to the introduction to each section where applicable:
Increase to New Basement Footprint
The primary impact of the larger basement footprint is that the proposed basement now fully extends beneath
the retained portion of the central link. The structural proposals have therefore been amended to include the
revised permanent structural works, and to provide full detail of the sequence of construction assumed in the
design. These amendments are detailed both in the addendum report, and on the proposed structure
drawings included in Appendix A.
Enlarged Service Bay
The proposed structure in the area of the service bay has been amended on the proposed structure drawings
included in Appendix A to reflect the increase in size. The structural design principles remain as per the
original submission.
Development to Ballroom Ante Area
The design development to the ballroom ante area has revised the layout of the proposed structural columns.
The structural design principles largely remain as per the original submission, except under the courtyard
elevation where a new piled foundation is proposed. The report has been amended to provide detail of the
design development, and the proposed structure drawings included in Appendix A have been updated
accordingly.
Enabling Works and Temporary Site Entrances
Further detail has been provided regarding the strategy for the enabling works and the temporary site
entrances. This includes additional drawings of the assumed temporary works and the sequence of works
anticipated, which are included in Appendix A. The report has been amended with minor amendments to how
the works may be completed, which have arisen as part of the strategy development.
January 2017
Section 02: Outline of Proposed Demolition and Enabling Works

.
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Introduction

Implications of Amendments: Figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, and the associated
works.

The structural proposals have been developed to build upon the principles of the existing structure, using a
philosophy of providing a clear and identifiable structural solution. Using this approach, alterations to the
existing fabric have aimed to reuse to same load paths and same foundations, mitigating the stress on the
existing fabric as it is remodelled from its existing state into the proposed scheme. Where new structure and
new foundation are proposed, these have been designed to be compatible with the existing fabric, considered
as one overall system rather than a series individual components.

Amongst the overall phasing of the project, the structural interventions may be considered as three stages of
works:

- Required demolition works to the existing superstructure;

- Structural enabling works to prepare the site access and proposed groundworks;
- Construction of the permanent structural proposals.

The first two of these stages are discussed in this section of the report, with the permanent structural
proposals presented in the following section.

Figure 2.1 Model showing extent of proposed structural works

In line with the overall proposals for the building, the areas of significant demolition works are located within (Figure amended to show revised extent of basement)
the two internal courtyards and the central link, where the building has had a history of alterations and
refurbishments. The existing fabric around the perimeter of the site is broadly to remain as existing, with the
proposed interventions to these areas to involve either additions to the existing structure or to be carried out
as local alterations.

The proposal for significant demolition works will therefore be carried out within this central zone, where the
sequence of works above the foundations may broadly be carried out in a traditional progression of demolition
followed by construction. The interventions within the periphery areas have been developed integral with the
demolition sequence, with much of the demolition works instead carried out after the permanent works have
been installed.

A number of vehicular access points are proposed around the perimeter of the site. Of these three entrances,
two will be retained for vehicular use in the permanent scheme, whilst the third will be returned to its current
structural arrangement on completion of the works. The anticipated works to the temporary entrance are
discussed in this section, whilst the permanent entrances are discussed in the following section.

4 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Demolition Works to Central Link and Triangular Courtyard

Implications of Amendments: Figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, and the associated
works.

The proposals for the central link and the triangular courtyard involve the full demolition of the courtyard
structure, and the demolition of approximately two-thirds of the width of the central link. The demolition within
the courtyard includes the removal of the two toilet blocks from the full height of the south elevation to the
courtyard.

Whilst the exact form of the existing structure to the triangular courtyard is unconfirmed, it is assumed that it
does not contribute to the structural stability of the surrounding structure. It may therefore be demolished
using a traditional sequence, and without the need to introduce lateral propping around the perimeter.

The cellular nature of the central link means that the third of the structure that is retained will be broadly self-
stable. Some internal temporary works are anticipated to provide robustness to the retained fabric, but this will
likely take for form of braced frames at each floor level, rather than a full regiment of temporary works that
would be required were only the faade being retained. The approach to retain this larger extent of the existing
fabric acts to the benefit of the masonry faade to the quadrangle, as it provides a stiffer overall solution in the
temporary case, mitigating the distress to the retained faade.

The demolition to the central link will follow a top-down sequence, and may occur concurrently with the
demolition to the courtyard. The slabs will be back-propped up the height of the central link, providing
increased capacity to the slabs to support the weight from the demolished floors above. The nature of the
existing foundations means that the propping may be applied to directly to the existing raft without the need
for providing new temporary foundations

Where panels of the existing masonry are to be demolished without removing slabs that the masonry support,
the retained slabs will be back-propped up the height of the building to provide support in the temporary case.
Each floor slab will be supported with a spreader and the head and base of each prop, detailed to protect the
existing finishes.

Figure 2.2 Model showing demolition to central link and triangular courtyard
(Figure amended to show revised extent of demolition)

5 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Demolition Works to Quadrangle

Implications of Amendments: Figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, and the associated
works.

As with the triangular courtyard, the quadrangle is an independent structure from the surrounding building.
There are some linkages around the perimeter, but these do no impact on the structural action or stability to
either side. The demolition of this structure down to the existing raft level is therefore a straightforward
operation.

A number of elements from the existing courtyard are to be reused as part of the permanent works. These will
all be carefully removed and stored until after the new structural works are complete and they may be
reinstalled. Such elements include the existing stone balustrades and the elements of the cobbled surfacing.

Once all of the elements to be retained have been removed, it is assumed that the existing structure will be Figure 2.3 Model showing demolition to quadrangle
demolished following a traditionally top-down sequence, first removing the ground floor slab before the (Figure amended to show revised extent of demolition)
masonry walls and piers. The sequencing will not require any significant temporary works to be left insitu to
maintain support to any retained structures.

Demolition Works to Existing Raft Foundations

Implications of Amendments: Figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, and the associated
works.

The demolition works to the existing raft foundations are integral to the installation of the new foundations, as
the proposed piled retaining walls for the new basements are planned to be installed from the level of the raft
before the existing concrete is broken up and removed. This aspect of the demolition works are instead
discussed in detail in the following section.

Figure 2.4 Model showing demolition to raft foundation

(Figure amended to show revised extent of demolition)

6 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
Section 03: Summary of Structural Proposals

.
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Introduction

Implications of Amendments: Sections and figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, with
amendments also made regarding the ballroom ante area and the vehicular entrances.

The overall proposals for the permanent structure may be considered as a major refurbishment of the site, but
the actual interventions have been developed to complement the existing fabric rather than to try to
manipulate it. The works may therefore be viewed under two categories:

- Structural additions to the existing building, to either add new area or to replace area with new structure to
meet the requirements of the proposed change of use;
- Structural alterations within the existing fabric, designed to maintain existing structural actions and load paths,
but to replace the cellular nature of the existing building with a greater ease of circulation.

Distributed across the site, the overall structural proposals include the following alterations:

- Creation of two new two storey basements under the central link, triangular courtyard and quadrangle;
- Reconfiguration of the existing central link and triangular courtyard;
- Formation of a new ballroom and swimming pool beneath the existing quadrangle;
- Extension to the feature stair to basement level, and the creation of a new ballroom ante area;
- Provision of additional storeys over the existing structure;
- Removal of and alteration to the existing walls;
- Formation of permanent vehicular entrances to the building.
Figure 3.1 Model showing proposed structural works
Each of alternations are discussed in this section. (Figure amended to show revised extent of basement)

8 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Proposed Basement Creation

Implications of Amendments: Section and figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, and the
associated works. Full details provided for the basement construction under the retained portion of the central link.

Beneath each of the two courtyards, it is proposed that two additional storeys of basement will be
constructed. As a means by which to provide additional space at the site whilst protecting the existing fabric,
these locations are the most appropriate, as they are predominantly outside the areas to which to raft is most
heavily loaded. Combined with the partial demolition of the central link that has a history of unsympathetic
alteration, this approach is a best-use of the site that protects the areas of greatest sensitivity within the
building.

The design of these basement areas takes the integration of the existing foundation strategy as a principal
driver, such that the new foundations may be installed without detriment to the existing footing. The result is a
robust proposal that is sequenced to provide the Contractor will full opportunity to control the process.

In order to link the basements under each courtyard, it is proposed to extend the basement footprint
underneath the retained structure of the central link. The additional works to link the new basement spaces
and to extend existing circulation routes to the lower levels have also been prepared to mitigate the impact on Figure 3.2 Model showing proposed substructure
the existing fabric. The final proposals will depend of the results of the site investigations, but a methodology (Figure amended to show revised extent of basement)
has been prepared that will allow the safe installation of the permanent foundation solution in dry and
favourable conditions. This methodology is outlined in detail in the Basement Structural Method Statement
included in the planning application, prepared by Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd.

Outline of Principles of Proposed Basements

It is known that the level of the groundwater at the site lies halfway up the depth of the existing raft. Any
excavation below the level of the existing raft will therefore extend into the groundwater. Whilst the London
Clay stratum present under the site will act as an impermeable barrier to short-term water flows, the layer of
dense sands and gravels above the clay on which the raft is bearing will allow free movement of the
groundwater. All substructure proposals have therefore been developed to exclude this groundwater from the
excavated volume.

The principal basement areas will be formed using secant piled retaining walls. In this form of construction, the
piles overlap to provide a physical barrier to prevent water ingress. The base of the piles will also toe into the
London Clay to a sufficient depth to prevent a path for water ingress beneath piles.

9 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Piling is not an appropriate solution for forming the additional circulation areas beneath the raft. These instead
will use a method of permeation grouting to prevent water ingress. Plumes of grout are injected into the
granular sands and gravels to block the voids in the substrate to prevent the free movement of water. Through
sufficient grouting, a physical barrier in the sands and gravels may be formed to allow excavation works to be
carried out in the traditional underpinning sequence.

Formation of Piled Basement Construction

The proposed secant piles will be installed through the existing raft. Whilst the raft is acting as the foundation
to the existing building, the raft functions as a mass concrete footing, and interventions may be made into the
raft on the basis that interference with the spread of loads from the base of the brick corbels to the underside
of the raft is minimised.

The load spread may be considered as acting at an angle of 45. The results of the current geotechnical
investigations will inform the extent to which the load spread must be maintained in the temporary case. The
line of the secant piles will therefore be offset from the face of surrounding walls to respect this requirement.
The nature of modern piling techniques is that the requirements for protection around the auger introduce
such an offset, due to the size of the safety cages used.
Figure 3.3 Illustration showing principles of secant piled wall construction

In the permanent case, the capping beam to the new piled wall will be tied into the edge of the existing raft.
Not only will this act to restrain the tops of the piles, but it will also reinstate stiffness to the edge of the raft that
will compensate intervention into the raft.

At this stage, it is anticipated that the piles will be 750mm diameter bored piles, designed as propped
cantilevers; the floor slabs at the basement levels act as the horizontal props. The design of the piles has
included for a surcharge from the existing structure. It has conservatively been assumed that the walls will be
retaining overburdened clay, acting to increase the lateral loads acting on the wall; this will be examined in
greater detail once the geotechnical investigations have been completed.

A 200mm lining wall will be constructed on the internal face of the secant piles. This lining has been designed
to resist hydrostatic pressures in conjunction with the secant piles, effectively providing the wall with additional
capacity in situations where the water table rises above normal levels. In areas where propping cannot be
achieved, such as adjacent to lift shafts and risers, the internal lining wall has been thickened and designed to
work compositely with the piles.

The basement spaces have been design to provide a Grade 3 level of protection against water ingress. As
part of this design, water-resistant additives will be included in the specification for the concrete for the lining
wall. The wider waterproofing strategy also includes the provision of a cavity drainage system on the internal
face of the lining wall as a second means of protection.

10 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

The formation level of the new basement structure will be around 16m below ground level. At this depth, the
basement slab will be subject to substantial uplift forces from heave in the London Clay and from hydrostatic
pressure. The foundation for the quadrangle basement will therefore take the form of a piled raft. The piles will
be designed to support both the gravitational loads distributed by the raft and the courtyard structure, and the
tensile forces arising from the potential uplift pressures.
Steel needles will be installed at regular intervals along underside of the reinforced concrete transfer beam, the
locations typically set to either side of the permanent column positions. These are the final elements to be
installed prior to transferring load to the new foundations. Space between the needles and transfer beam will
be provided for the installation of flat jacks to preload the new foundations and steel grillage to minimise the
risk of excessive movement when the faade loads are transferred.

Under the central link, the gravitational loads will be much greater than under the courtyards, and greater
capacities are consequently required from the foundations. Each of the new columns will therefore be founded
on individual pile caps that mobilise an associated group of piles. Buoyancy and heave forces will
nevertheless provide an onerous load case between the pile caps, and additional tension piles are proposed
in these areas to resist this uplift.
As with all other areas of the basement, excavation will be carried out in stages, ensuring a sufficient level of
propping is installed to maintain lateral stability of the temporary systems before proceeding with the next
stage. The concrete encasement around the plunge columns will be broken out to allow for the connection of
bracing linking the pile groups.

New Basement under Central Link
The excavation to form the section of linking basement under the central link will result in the removal of the
foundations supporting the existing walls. Consequently, the entirety of the retained central link will need to be
resupported on new foundations prior to commencement of the basement excavation. As with the ballroom
ante area, the chosen construction methodology and temporary works are integral to the permanent works
solutions. Where possible, the temporary and permanent structural systems have been combined to minimise
the need to carry out multiple complex load transfers between the systems.
A permanent raft foundation will be constructed at the formation level of the new basement. This will be tied to
the piles via steel shear connectors connected to the lowest section of the plunge columns. Maintaining the
same foundation between the temporary and permanent conditions will prevent the need for sacrificial
foundations and an additional stage of load transfer.
Upon completion of the piled raft, the permanent reinforced concrete frame can be constructed and linked in
with the RC transfer beams discussed earlier. An additional stage of jacking will be implemented prior to
removal of the temporary works to preload the columns and raft foundation.

Following the demolition of the courtyard and central link structures, access will be created for compact piling
rigs to install pile groups that will form both the temporary and permanent foundation systems. The existing
raft will be used as a piling mat with localised areas broken out to allow the piles to be installed from the
formation level of the existing basement. The piles will be sleeved through the underlying sands and gravels
and will extend deep into the London Clays.

Steel plunge columns will be installed extending from ground floor through to the proposed formation level of
the new basement. The embedded steels will provide an efficient interface to connect the temporary steel
grillage which will transfer the building loads to the piles and provide stability to the overall system during
excavation.

The permanent transfer structure will be formed using an in-line reinforced concrete transfer beam installed in
a typical underpinning sequence along the whole length of each wall. Similar to the Pynford beams detailed in
the Ballroom Ante Area, sacrificial vertical props will be installed where masonry has been removed and then
cast into the concrete beams. Reinforcement bars are threaded between these vertical props to provide the
beam with its structural capacity with couplers to connect adjoining sections.

11 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Basement Circulation Extension

It is planned to extend three of the existing stairs to service the new basement areas. All of these will follow the
same construction methodology.

As previously noted, it is anticipated that these works will be carried out below the level of the water table.
Permeation grouting will therefore be used to prevent water ingress through the sands and gravels in the
surrounding area. Once the area has been sealed, the excavation works to form the permanent structure may
be carried out in a traditional five stage sequence. Due to the depths of the proposed works, the underpinning
will need to be carried out in multiple lifts, up to four to descended the full two storeys proposed.

The implementation of the permeation grouting will be critical in this phase of the works. To mitigate the
impact on the existing structure, it is therefore proposed that the ground is fully testing in advance of
commencement to identify the necessary quantities of grouting required. Should the ground conditions prove
to be unsuitable for the necessary permeation grouting; an alternative construction methodology will be
proposed. This would likely entail additional piling works to form the perimeter of the basement extensions,
requiring additional demolition works with the existing basement to provide access for piling; this may be
reinstated after the piling is complete.

Full details of the proposed basement works are detailed in the Basement Structural Methodology Statement
included in the planning application, prepared by Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd.

12 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Reconfiguration of the Central Link

Implications of Amendments: Figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, and the associated
works.

The reconfiguration of the central link sees the construction of a new reinforced concrete frame that replaces
the portion of the link proposed for demolition; the frame will be constructed over what will be four storeys of
structure below the existing ground level, which includes the two additional storeys that will be constructed as
part of the enabling works.

Predominately built over new foundations, the reconfiguration may broadly be considered as a new-build
construction within the envelope of the existing building. Nevertheless, the design has been developed such
that the new and existing forms of construction are compatible, and may be considered as a single building
overall.

Superstructure Proposals

The structural frame to the central link is proposed using reinforced concrete up to fifth floor level, with the
storeys above this constructed using steelwork, in line with the proposals for the additional storeys. This Figure 3.4 Model showing demolition of central link
approach allows the floors to be finished and serviced consistently across each floor level, rather than having (Figure amended to show revised extent of demolition)
different zones on plan. Using concrete for the lower levels provides continuity in construction from the new
basement and ground works, and the response of the proposed flat slab construction to servicing is akin to
the existing filler joist slabs found within the existing structure.

The use of the central link will be divided up its height, with car parking and plant spaces in the basement
levels, function rooms and gardens at ground floor level, and residential apartments from first floor upwards.
Each of these uses has different demands on the structural grids, which have been developed with primary
transfer structures provided at one floor only.

To provide efficient use of the car park levels, the column arrangement within the basement levels has been
set out to meet the required number of parking bays whilst maintaining an appropriate clear width for vehicles
to circulate. This arrangement does not match the design intent of the faade of the central link above and the
layout of the apartments. It is therefore proposed to construct one wall between lower ground and ground
floors levels to act as a deep transfer beam.

The ground floor slab to the triangular courtyard has been designed for a heavy loading capacity, as this area
is proposed as both a garden and with a blue roof (a form a surface water attenuation that stores a volume of
water before it is discharged from site). This therefore accounts for the weight of the topsoil and the surface
water.
Figure 3.5 Model showing proposed structural alteration to the central link
(Figure amended to show revised extent of basement)

13 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

From first floor upwards, there are no further transfers and the column arrangement is maintained, with a
typical spacing between 6m and 8m. This supports a 250mm flat slab construction at each floor level up to
fifth floor. The structure of the storeys above fifth floor level is discussed in the section concerning the
provision of additional storeys across the whole building.

Where the new flat slabs meet the existing structure, pockets will be formed within the existing walls to receive
the new slabs. These pockets will be spaced regularly around the perimeter such that the load applied to the
existing structure is distributed evenly.

The new stair cores, lift shafts and major service risers are proposed using reinforced concrete shafts. Where
these cores extend up the full height of the structure, they will contribute to the overall stability system; the
remaining cores include appropriate transfers where they terminate. Despite the change in the construction
form between fifth floor level and the upper floors, the concrete shafts will be maintained across the full height
of the building.

Structural Stability

The new structure of the central link will be fully tied to the existing structure around its perimeter, which will
mean that the existing stability system of the building will also act on the new structure. Nevertheless, the new
structure includes the provision of two full-height reinforced concrete cores (a third central core does not
extend to the basement levels) with further enhance the overall resistance of the central link to lateral loads.

The elements of new faade to the central link will be designed to span vertically between floor plates, and the
flat slabs will act as horizontal diaphragms between the new cores and the surrounding existing structure.

Response to Robustness

As defined in Approved Document A of the Building Regulations, this new construction must be considered as
a Class 2B structure when considered against the requirements for disproportionate collapse. To meet the
requirements, the structure will be designed with effective horizontal and vertical ties, and will be achieved
Figure 3.6 Model showing proposed stability cores
through appropriate detailing of the reinforcement within the concrete elements. Transfer elements, such as
the transfer wall between lower ground and ground floor levels, will be designed as key elements where their
notional removal contributes to an excessive collapse within the surrounding structure.

Where the new structure interfaces with the existing building and gains vertical support from the load-bearing
masonry, the existing structure must also meet the requirements of a Class 2B structure. In these instances,
new reinforced concrete columns will be cast into regular vertical chases that connect pockets up the full
height of the structure. These columns will provide the required vertical ties between the new floor plates.

14 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Fire protection will be provided to the new structure through its inherent fire resistance. The cover to the
concrete will be selected to provide the required level of fire protection to the concrete elements.

15 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Formation of New Ballroom and Swimming Pool

Implications of Amendments: Section and figures amended to reflect the revised extent of the basement, and the
associated works.

Overall proposals for the site include the provision of a new ballroom space and a large swimming pool. The
most suitable area of the site for these large function spaces is beneath the quadrangle.

A double height ballroom space will be provided at the level of the existing raft, with two storeys beneath to
accommodate the swimming pool and associated facilities on one floor, and plant space below. These floors
have been developed as a hybrid solution, with reinforced concrete floors within the piled basement up to raft
level, with a long span steelwork structure providing the roadway for the courtyard over the ballroom.

The courtyard at ground floor level is to be retained as a courtyard, but retaining any part of it insitu would be
to the detriment to the existing cobbles. It is instead proposed that the existing cobbles will be carefully lifted
and stored for the duration of the construction works beneath.

Substructure Proposals

Figure 3.7 Model showing proposed structural alterations across quadrangle

The additional storeys of basement under the quadrangle will be constructed using the same approach as for (Figure amended to show revised extent of basement)
the central link and the triangular courtyard. Details for this are outlined earlier in the report.

The environmental conditions associated with swimming pools and the interface with the piled wall
construction lend themselves to a reinforced concrete solution up to raft level. The two floors slabs are
proposed using a flat slab construction, with internal columns. The floor slabs will act as lateral props to the
secant piled retaining walls, with special measures taken across risers to maintain lateral support.

The secant piled wall will be used to support the vertical loads at the perimeter of the courtyard, with the loads
from the internal columns resisted at the lowest basement level, which is proposed as a pile raft. This slab will
be subject to significant upward loading from buoyancy forces, and the piles will be designed to
accommodate tension loads as well as compressive loads.

The swimming pool tank will be constructed independently from the floor slab at the swimming pool level
during the construction phase to allow for concrete shrinkage to occur. The tank will instead be constructed
on plinths built up from the floor below, separated from these by a slip membrane. Concrete shrinks as it
cures, and the approach proposed allows for the shrinkage to occur with minimal lateral restraint, mitigating
the risk that the integrity of the pool will be compromised by shrinkage cracks. The pool will only be linked to
the floor slab after the shrinkage has occurred. Full tanking proposals for the pool are included as part of the
architectural proposals.

16 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Superstructure Proposals

The steelwork structure above the ballroom will follow the column arrangement around the swimming pool
below, but taking just two of the three internal rows of columns; a 16m wide column free space will be
provided between a colonnade at either side. Long span steel beams will span between the columns, acting
compositely with the reinforced concrete slab above.

The beams will be pre-cambered with a shallow upwards curve to mitigate the overall deflections. The webs of
the beams will be fabricated with penetrations to accommodate services distribution.

Structural Stability

With secant piled retaining walls on all sides, the basement levels will be inherently stable. Lateral loads acting
on the basement will be equally balanced between opposing walls of the basement, with the reinforced
concrete floor slabs acting as lateral props.

The perimeter of the superstructure steelwork will have a bay of cross bracing on each side, which will transfer Figure 3.8 Model showing proposed structural alterations through quadrangle
lateral loads into the retaining walls below. The ground floor slab will act as a horizontal diaphragm to span (Figure amended to show revised extent of basement)
between braced bays.

17 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Response to Robustness

The ballroom and swimming pool structures may be considered locally as a new construction, and will
therefore be designed to incorporate the appropriate robustness requirements. All connections will be
designed to provide effective horizontal and vertical ties; this will be achieved in the reinforced concrete by its
inherent nature. The steelwork connections will also achieve this as a minimum requirement.

The cover to the concrete in the basement levels will be selected in accordance with the exposure class
associated with the swimming pool environment, which is more aggressive than a typical basement
construction. A durable concrete mix will also be selected to complement this, with a high proportion of GGBS
in lieu of Portland cement, reducing the size and frequency of pores in the concrete and increasing its inherent
durability.

The cover to the concrete will also be selected to provide the necessary fire protection to the concrete
elements. The fire protection to the steelwork will be included with the specification of the finishes, using either
intumescent paint or fire boarding.

Figure 3.9 Model showing proposed substructure to quadrangle alterations

(Figure amended to show revised extent of basement)

18 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Extension to Feature Stair and Creation of Ballroom Ante Area

Implications of Amendments: Section and figures amended to reflect the design development to the ballroom ante
area.

The existing feature stair at the entrance off Whitehall currently extends from ground floor to second floor
levels. The proposed ballroom at raft level also introduces a major function space to the levels, which will be
served with equal grandeur. It is therefore proposed to extend the feature stair from ground floor down to raft
level, linking to the ballroom through a new colonnade in lieu of the existing cellular arrangement of thick
masonry walls.

Proposed Structural Philosophy

The existing structure for the feature stair is formed from a series of arches between load-bearing masonry
walls and piers. The spacing of these walls and piers defines the widths of the stair flights; this is indicated in
Figure 3.10, extracted from the record information.

The structure between basement and ground floor levels is shown in the record information as the same width
as that between ground floor and second floor levels. This means that the same width is available for stair
flights within the lower levels as is currently used by the existing stair. It is therefore proposed that the new stair
flights are installed to follow the grain of the existing fabric, spanning between the existing masonry without the
requirement for widening openings or cutting back brickwork.

Areas of the existing filler joist slabs will be removed at ground floor level to provide openings in the ground
floor slab for the new descending stair flights. These flights will be supported on new steel beams that span
between the existing load-bearing walls and piers. Whilst the walls and piers do corbel out as they bear onto
the raft, this will occur below the stair flights, and will therefore not impact on the width available.

Figure 3.10 Extract from record drawings of a section through the existing feature stair

19 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Invasive structural works are proposed in creating the new colonnade for the ballroom ante area. A large
volume of existing masonry walls will be removed as part of these works, but the philosophy behind the
design is one to reuse the existing load paths.

The form of the proposed structure within the ante area is determined by how it is constructed. Simple
alterations can often be designed on the basis that temporary works may be installed to support the existing
fabric in the temporary case, but for works on this scale, this it would not be appropriate to develop the
structural design on this basis. The permanent works have therefore been designed such that these may be
installed before the existing structure is demolished, with the load transfer between the two systems only
being carried out at the end of the process.

The works are proposed using variations of a construction system known as Pynford beams. The system was
developed as a technique to allow modifications to be made to load-bearing masonry that retained the
original load bath until the permanent works are complete. A traditional approach would employ a complex
system of temporary works that require new vertical load paths and new foundations. This system instead
uses propping along the original load path that is sacrificial within the permanent works.

Figure 3.11 Model showing extent of demolition in the ante area

(Figure amended to design development to ballroom ante area)

Figure 3.12 Illustration existing and proposed loading arrangements

20 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

The existing structural arrangement loads the raft with a series of wide line loads. These loads are spread by
the thickness of the raft, such that the load applied to the bearing stratum beneath the raft is broadly uniform.
To replicate this action using an arrangement of columns, where possible it is proposed to cast a grillage of
spreader beams at the base of the column to replicate the existing wall layout. Similarly, the tops of the
columns are to be linked by a series of high level beams to replace the support provided by the existing walls.
The resultant structure is akin to a more traditional box frame used to form openings in masonry walls, but as
a three dimensional frame rather than just a single elevation.

The grillage of spreader beams will replicate the existing load spread by positioning them tight to the base of
the existing masonry corbels and cutting them into the depth of the raft. Loads will spread through the existing
raft at a 45 angle, which can be maintained by using spreader beams with the square profile. Lengths of the
spreader beams may be installed in an underpinning sequence to manage the integrity of the raft in the
temporary case; the reinforcement in the beam will be fabricated with couplers to allow each beam section to
connect together.

The column arrangement for the ante area has been developed based on three rows of columns to support
the primary masonry walls above. For the two internal rows, the columns have been appropriately spaced to
allow the strategy detailed above to be implemented. The column spacing under the courtyard elevation is
much greater due to the architectural intent, and forming spreaders within the depth of the existing raft is not
practical in this location. As such, is it proposed that these columns are instead founded on piled foundations,
with some support taken from the secant piled wall of the adjoining new basement construction.

Existing secondary walls perpendicular to these three primary column rows will be resupported under ground
floor level on pairs of steelwork beams. The beams will be installed on either side of the masonry, with
permanent steel needles installed between them at regular centres.

Figure 3.13 Illustration of assumed sequence of construction for proposed columns

21 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Transfers to Primary Walls using Pynford Beams

The proposed Pynford beams provide an in line transfer to each of the existing primary walls. The depth of
these beams increases with the span between columns and the distribution of the loading; larger beams are
required where the loads are applied by discrete masonry piers rather than continuous masonry panels.
Installing the beam as a stiff concrete element will mitigate deflection in the masonry over without need for
jacking the individual beams; the columns only in these areas will be jacked.

The in line beams are installed in a similar sequenced process to the spreader beams, with the additional
requirement of sacrificial vertical props installed where masonry has been removed, cast into the resultant
concrete beams. Reinforcement bars are threaded between these vertical props to provide the beam with its
structural capacity, again with couplers to connect adjoining sections.

Transfers to Secondary Walls using Steelwork Beams in Pairs

In the secondary condition where there is no permanent structure proposed in line with the existing load path,
a twin beam transfer is proposed using steel beams located on either side of the masonry wall that support
needle section threaded through the masonry at a regular spacing.
Figure 3.14 Illustration of assumed sequence of construction for transfers to Primary walls

The steelwork can all be installed with the existing wall retained insitu, with the only intervention required is to
form the pockets for threading the needles through. Jacks between the needles and the steel beams may
gradually be deployed to attract the loading into the new structure. Once this process is complete then the
existing masonry below may be demolished.

The approach that has been developed has been done so to limit the use of temporary works and to mitigate Pockets Needles
formed through inserted
the impact of the proposals on the existing fabric. Designed with just one load transfer within the construction masonry through wall
process (existing arrangement to proposed arrangement) rather than two transfers (existing arrangement to
temporary arrangement to proposed arrangement), the accumulated risk of deflections is effectively halved.
Nevertheless, it should be assumed that some nominal deflections may occur, and an allowance will be made Existing. A. B.
for local repairs.

The structural works within the ante area will be carried out a reasonable period in advance of any fit-out works
to the floors above. This allows any potential movements to occur before the finishes are applied, and
therefore they will not be subject to any minor damage associated to this. Steel beams
installed to
needles
Loads from
needles Wall under
jacked into demolished
An allowance will made for making stitch repairs to the masonry above the ante area. It has been noted on site steel beams
that there are already defects in the existing masonry that will require repair, so this will be again be capture C. D. Proposed.
after the ante area works are complete.
Figure 3.15 Illustration of assumed sequence of construction for transfers to Secondary walls
(Figure amended to reflect design development to ballroom ante area)

22 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Role and Responsibilities of the Contractor

With the structural design developed to make the construction sequence a key consideration, the role of the
Contractor and its responsibility for the associated temporary works design will be clear.

The Contractor will be responsible for the design and sequencing of the jack installation, with strict
requirements for monitoring movement throughout this process. Trigger levels for movement will be in place,
with agreed responses in the event that trigger levels are reached.

The Structural Engineer (Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd) will be responsible for the design of the permanent
elements of the system such as the reinforced concrete and steel beams.

Response to Robustness

Due to the nature of the proposed support structure within the ante areas, the beams and columns will be
designed as key elements. The process assesses the risk associated to each element, and introduces an
additional emergency load case against which the design of the column is considered.
Figure 3.16 Model showing proposed structural alterations in the ante area
(Figure amended to reflect design development to ballroom ante area)
The cover to the concrete elements will also be selected to provide the necessary fire protection to the
concrete elements. The steelwork elements will be concrete encased for robustness, which will also provide to
required fire resistance.

23 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Formation of Permanent Vehicular Entrances

Implications of Amendments: Section amended to reflect the developed strategy for the site entrances during the
enabling works phase.

The proposals include for two new permanent vehicular entrances into the building to be constructed. The
northern entrance will provide access to an internal loading bay for goods vehicles, and the southern entrance
will provide a link to the pair of car lifts that service the new basement car park. The entrances will also provide
site access during the construction phase.

In each case, the entrances will require new openings to be formed through the existing masonry faades,
and the removal of a number of internal walls. As with other isolated alterations to masonry walls as noted in
the previous section, the proposed structural philosophy is to maintain the existing load paths through the
building where possible.

Description of Existing Faade

The new vehicular entrances are proposed in the positions of existing windows. Each entrance requires the
removal of two masonry mullions, with the existing lintels at first floor level to be replaced with a stone arch
over the full width of the opening. The structural action for the new opening will however be provided by new
steelwork, with the arched stonework tied back to this.

The nature of the existing faade means that these mullions to not heavily loaded, despite the appearance of
their position at the base of a five storey masonry faade. The structural action of the faade at the floors
above acts such that much of the vertical load is transferred into the main masonry piers that flank to opening
rather than into the mullions. Features of the faade that contribute to this include:

- A storey-deep arch at third floor level transfers all of the faade loading above into the flanking piers;
- The faades at second and third floors are set back into deep reveals, with the vertical load transferred into
the flanking piers through transfer beams at second floor levels; Figure 3.21: Extract from record drawing showing elevation and section of existing faade
- Contrary to the typical arrangement, the internal floors span parallel to the faade in the areas behind the
proposed entrances, therefore not loading the mullions.

These characteristics therefore mean that the structural solutions during the various phases of work require
just a light touch intervention.

24 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Outline of Temporary Works Strategy

Whilst responsibility for the temporary works rest with the Contractor, a scheme for the temporary works has
been prepared to support the planning application. The scheme demonstrates that the works may be carried
out whilst respecting the sensitivity of the fabric.

The new opening will be provided at ground floor level, requiring the faade over the opening to be rebuilt to
suit the proposed arched profile. It is therefore proposed to install temporary works through the sill at first floor
level to support the existing mullions between first and second floor levels. Once the temporary works have
been installed, the existing masonry may be carefully removed and stored for reuse.

Structural Support during Construction Phase

The structural support proposed for the permanent case will also provide support for the duration of the
construction phase. Structural steelwork will be installed to support the sill at first floor level, and providing a
large rectangular opening at ground floor level.

Figure 3.22 Model showing proposed vehicular entrance

The existing masonry above the opening will be supported on new steel box frames that transfer the vertical
load into the masonry below, reinstated after the steelwork is in place. To support the full thickness of the
existing masonry, multiple frames will be used.

The structural drawings appended to the report include assumed schemes for the works required in the
temporary case to extend construction access through to the courtyards as detailed in the Construction
Management Plan, before the permanent works are constructed. Responsibility for the design of works in the
temporary case lies with the Contractor, but the schemes have been provided to demonstrate their viability.

Reinstatement in Permanent Case

Structurally, there are no further requirements when the permanent case is reinstated. The arched masonry
over the new opening will be self-supporting, and will take only lateral restraint from the structural steelwork.
The steelwork will be fabricated to lugs to allow the necessary lateral restraint fixings to be made.

25 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
57 Whitehall

Structural Statement Addendum

Appendix A: Proposed Structure Drawings

26 Elliott Wood Partnership Ltd

QF034/ver_05 January 2017
Wimbledon
241 The Broadway
London
SW19 1SD

tel. (020) 8544 0033

fax. (020) 8544 0066

Central London
46-48 Foley Street
London
W1W 7TY

tel. (020) 7499 5888

fax. (020) 7499 5444

Nottingham
1 Sampsons Yard
Halifax Place
Nottingham
NG1 1QN

tel. 0870 460 0061

fax. 0870 460 0062

email: info@elliottwood.co.uk
www.elliottwood.co.uk

elliott wood partnership ltd

structural and civil engineers