0

Report on conversion
efficiency of biomass

BASIS Biomass Availability and

Sustainability Information System

Version #2 July 2015

Supported by :

0
 Interested in BASIS Project?

This project aims at building a platform to assess wood chip supply. It has
been designed to support project developers, feedstock suppliers and
investors to evaluate the actual availability of wood chips biomass on a
regional level in the EU28. There is absolutely no cost associated with the
use of the platform.

http://www.basisbioenergy.eu/

Note for this report

This report is deliverable 3.5, part of BASIS Project. Major concern of this
document deals with efficiency figures of EU-28 Biomass Plants with a
special focus on Germany, France, Italy, Sweden, Spain, Austria, Denmark
and the United Kingdom.

BASIS project is supported by the Intelligent Energy Europe program (IEE/12/830/S12.645698)

The sole responsibility for the content of this webpage lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European
Union. Neither the EACI nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

1
Project Coordinator
European Biomass Association (AEBIOM)
Mr. Jean-Marc Jossart
Email: jossart@aebiom.org
Phone: +32 24 00 10 61
Website: www.aebiom.org
Project Partners
Austrian Biomass Association (ABA)
Mr. Christoph Rosenberger
Email: rosenberger@biomasseverband.at
Phone: +43 (0) 1533 07 97 25
Website: www.biomasseverband.at
German BioEnergy Association (BBE)
Mr. Thomas Siegmund
Email: siegmund@bioenergie.de
Phone: +49 (0) 228 81 00 223
Website: www.bioenergie.de
Swedish Bioenergy Association (SVEBIO)
Mrs. Sofia Backus
Email: sofia.backeus@svebio.se
Phone: +46 (0) 8 441 70 83
Website: www.svebio.se
French Biomass Energy (FBE)
Mrs. Sabrina Fuseliez
Email: sabrina.fuseliez@enr.fr
Phone: +33 (0)1 48 78 56 12
Website : www.enr.fr/
Academic and Consulting Partner
Eclareon Consultants
Christoph Urbschat
Email: cu@eclareon.com
Phone: +49 (0) 30 246 286 90
Website : www.eclareon.com
Danish Bioenergy Association (DI
Bioenergi)
Mr. Hans Peter Slente
Email: hps@di.dk
Phone: +45 (0)33 77 33 69
Website: www.energi.di.dk
Italian Agroforestry Energy
Association (AIEL)
Mrs. Laura Ba;
Email: bau.aiel@cia.it
Phone: +39 (0) 49 88 30 722
Website: www.aiel.cia.it
Spanish Bioenergy Association
(AVEBIOM)
Mr Pablo Rodero Masdemont
Email: pablorodero@avebiom.org
Phone: +34 (0) 983 113 760
Website: www.avebiom.org
Imperial College for Science,
Technology and Medicine
Dr. Arturo Castillo
Email: a.castillo@imperial.ac.uk
Phone: +44 (0) 207 594 7312
Website : www.imperial.ac.uk
2
Table of Content
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 BASIS Abstract ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Conversion efficiency of biomass ............................................................................................ 4
1.2.1 What is the efficiency of a plant using woodchip as fuel? ..................................................... 4
1.2.2 Conversion efficiency of biomass - data collection methodology.......................................... 6
GENERAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 7
1. National average Efficiency per type (in %):................................................................................ 7
2. Heat and Electrical Efficiency depending on date of commissioning: ......................................... 8
ANNEX - CONVERSION EFFICIENCY RESULTS........................................................................................... 9
1. Austria: ........................................................................................................................................ 9
2. Denmark .................................................................................................................................... 10
3. Estonia: ...................................................................................................................................... 11
4. Finland: ...................................................................................................................................... 12
5. France: ....................................................................................................................................... 13
6. Germany: ................................................................................................................................... 14
7. Italy: ........................................................................................................................................... 15
8. Poland: ....................................................................................................................................... 16
9. Spain: ......................................................................................................................................... 17
10. Sweden: ................................................................................................................................... 18
11. United Kingdom: ...................................................................................................................... 19

3
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BASIS Abstract

BASIS aims at interacting with bioenergy project developers and investors, providing them a
comprehensive view on supply risks by combining information on biomass demand and biomass potential.
In fact the core idea of this project is to provide in-depth information on the situation of wood chips demand
by combining the actual consumption data based on the identification of bioenergy plants (above 1 MW) using
wood chips and other wood chips consumers in the same region with the estimated potential and sustainability
criteria. This information collected will be condensed in a comprehensive and easy to use Geographic
Information Systems tool. http://www.basisbioenergy.eu/

Why wood for wood chips boilers?

BASIS addresses wood supply for wood chips boilers for two main reasons: 1.wood chips are by
far the main form of wood used for medium and large scale projects and 2. wood chips are
mainly traded on a local and regional basis

As a result BASIS will strongly increase market transparency in the wood chips markets:

Investors would be able to use BASIS for the risk assessment of projects in pre-development stage to
assess whether a region has enough feedstock potential for a sustainable supply of wood chips over
the investment period.
Feedstock suppliers will use it to find new customers and develop their biomass supply.
National and regional policy makers as well as the EU Commission are provided with a comprehensive
overview of biomass use in plants above 1 MW capacity, bioenergy conversion efficiency as well as a
detailed insight on sustainability aspects from a market perspective.
Project developers would be able to use BASIS in combination with the results of Cross Border
Bioenergy (http://www.crossborderbioenergy.eu/) to find attractive locations for new projects.

1.2 Conversion efficiency of biomass

All along BASIS project special attention has been paid to plants efficiency, mainly due the growing concerns
around the efficient use of biomass. In this context, a dedicated data collection was done aiming at aggregating
updated and relevant figures directly obtained from plants using woodchips. However presented figures could
only provide a general insight, they could not be understood as national referent or comparable values. This is
mostly for two major reasons: 1 the definition used to define efficiency and 2 the number of plants presented
per country as explained in the following section.

1.2.1 What is the efficiency of a plant using woodchip as fuel?

Energy efficiency has become a generic term which hides various realities and calculation methodologies that
can slightly differ from one study to another. In general, efficiency commonly refers to a percentage
corresponding to the ratio between input of energy content of woodchip and heat/electricity energy output as
follow:

4

=
()

This calculation is used mostly to obtain the potential efficiency of boilers units. However, in practice boiler
efficiency is directly affected by a wide range of both internal and external factors (e.g. climate, scale, moisture
content in biomass etc)1 and can also be optimized among time (using the produced heat; application of add-
ons to increase electricity or heat production; technological improvements of the combustion technology;
increasing plant capacity).

Moreover, if boilers are central elements within bioenergy plants, the global efficiency of these plants are also
affected by the efficiency of side components and the network in which they are integrated, as presented
below in the case of heat and CHP plants.

Modelisation of Biomass to energy route in an heat plant Modelisation of Biomass to energy route in a CHP plant

Source: Emerson Process Experts Blog

In this context, evaluating the effective efficiency of a whole biomass plant using woodchips could result in
extensive calculations. This was not the purpose of BASIS which rather focus on the development and
implementation of a common methodology to collect harmonized data for all EU countries. Moreover
collecting the efficiency for each bioenergy plant in Europe would be extremely complicated, not only because
of difficulties in measuring/calculating it, but also for confidentiality reasons regarding its sensitivity for plant
owners.
Consequently, in order to have a single and simple way to obtain the yearly efficiency figure for a plant, BASIS
consortium agreed on the following methodology.

In this report, biomass plant has been considered as a black box, no distinction have been made between
boiler efficiency and efficiency of other plants components. Plant efficiency could be then calculated as a
single ratio between the annual woodchip input expressed in MW and the annual heat/electric output also
expressed in Megawatt as follow:

1 Evaluation of improvements in end-conversion efficiency for bioenergy production, ECOFYS, 2009.

5
 / ( )
=
( )

This simple methodology presents some advantages: 1 it could be applied uniformly and simply in the
different countries participating in the data collection 2 it could allowed to establish comparison between
countries and plants types 3it could also be applied for the calculation CHP plant efficiency what allows to
present separated figures for both heat and electric efficiency.

1.2.2 Conversion efficiency of biomass - data collection methodology

The objective fixed was to obtain efficiency figures for 3 plants per type and size as presented in the template
model bellow. For each plant, the operating date has also been requested in order to use these information
afterwards to evaluate plant efficiency evolution (graph 3.1.2 General overview) among time.

Due to Heat, Electricity and CHP plants specificities, some additional information have been added within
efficiency figures data collection:

- For CHP plants, combining heat and power, both electric and heat efficiency figures have been
requested separately.

- For Heat plants, information around plant type have been deepened by asking if heat plants are
Industrial, residential or district heating systems.

- For Electric plants, after having collected European data on the issue, it has been noticed that very
few Electric plants had an annual production under 5MW mostly because of profitability reasons. Then
it has been decided to collect efficiency figure for plants between 5-15 MW / 15-25 MW and for plant
bigger than 25 MW in that special case.

6
 7

GENERAL OVERVIEW
1. National average Efficiency per type (in %):
CHP Plant efficiency average (in %) Heat Plant efficiency average (in %) Electric Plant efficiency average (in %)

Country 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW 5-15 MW 15-25 MW >25 MW
H Efficiency E Efficiency H Efficiency E Efficiency H Efficiency E Efficiency
Austria 60% 21% 65% 22% 66% 19% 79% 84% 81% - - -
Denmark 69% 18% 76% 17% 63% 22% 77% 74% 78% - - -
Estonia - - 69% 21% 70% 25% 82% 82% - - - -
Finland - - - - - - 82% 91% 87% - - -
France - - 57% 18% - - 75% 85% 90% - - -
Germany 78% 15% 70% 15% 63% 25% - - - - - 31%
Italy 72% 12% 80% 20% - - 80% 75% - - 29% -
Poland 66% 22% 65% 19% 59% 22% 84% 85% 85% - - 36%
Spain 71% 16% - - - - 78% 65% 80% 24% - 30%
Sweden - - 63% 10% 59% 18% 82% 83% 84% - - -
United Kingdom 48% 26% 40% 29% 23% 29% 81% - - 29% 27% 29%
69% 17% 68% 18% 63% 22% 80% 80% 84% 24% 29% 32%
EU Average

Figures presented in the table above are resulting from the aggregation of data contained in national templates. As previously explained these efficiency values could not
be understood as national referent values due to the specific methodology used in this study (1.2.1). Moreover energy efficiency values presented here, especially in the
case of CHP plants, should also be reconsidered in the context of 2013 and its specific climate conditions. Because of a fairly mild winter, CHP plants could have strategically
adapted the E/H production ratio, consequently the energy efficiency would have been impacted.
However some general conclusions could be extracted from this table. The figures above show very homogenous values per plant type for CHP and heat installations. In
fact, in 2013 the global efficiency of CHP in European countries was around 86 % (heat + electric efficiency) whereas heat plants efficiency reach 80 %.
One major BASIS outcome has been to highlight the limited number of electric Plant currently producing power from wood chip in EU-28 (less than 1% of the total of
bioenergy plants). In this context, few data could be collected for electric plant efficiency at national level as reported in the template. Then trend for 2013 seems less easy
to estimate even if data were closed to 30%.

7
2. Heat and Electrical Efficiency depending on date of commissioning:
1 CHP plant efficiency depending on date of commissioning between 1990 and
2014 (in %)
0,9
0,8
0,7 A side but meaningful data collected was the date of commissioning of plants.
0,6 In fact with the comparable condition in 2013, a common increase of
0,5 efficiency for CHP plants using solid bioenergy fuel in Europe can be noticed.
0,4
This increasing tendency could mainly be explained by the implementation of
0,3
technical progress that have allowed a great part of recent CHP plants to
0,2
reach an average electrical efficiency over 20 % and a thermal efficiency over
0,1
60% and state supports that have encourage national operators to optimize
0 their installations.
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Heat efficiency in diamond shape
Electric efficiency in square shape
1 Heat plant efficiency depending on date of commissioning between 1990
and 2014 (in %)
0,9
0,8 Comparable trend has been noticed for heat plants regarding their date of
0,7 commissioning. This could also be explained by the funding policy in BASIS
0,6 partners countries. Through a permanent tightening of the funding
0,5 conditions, the efficiency of the plants is constantly being improved. Due to
technical progress efficiency level over 85 percent are now possible.
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Heat efficiency in diamond shape

8
 9

ANNEX - CONVERSION EFFICIENCY

RESULTS
The following templates present results of the efficiency data collection for 2013. In order to respect data
protection, name and contacts details of each plant have been anonymize and replaced by a generic code
referring to the NUTS2 location of the wood chip plant. Graphs have been commented by national association
in charge of this data collection regarding the evolution of local efficiency figures for each plant type.

1. Austria:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Austria:

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

CHP Plant
Efficiency (In %) Electrical Electrical Heat Electrical
Heat Efficiency Heat Efficiency
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency

Plant 1
Plant 1 Plant 1
0,58 0,32 0,74 0,20 0,63 0,20
AT-12-133 AT-12-142 AT-12-135
2007 2004 2006
Plant 2
Plant 2 Plant 2
0,58 0,14 0,6 0,2 0,7 0,17
AT-21-212 AT-12-137 AT-12-152
2003 2007 2004
Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3
0,64 0,15 0,63 0,25 0,64 0,19
AT-32-458 AT-21-218 AT-21-210
2005 2006 2007

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Austria:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1
Plant 1

AT-11-4 0,76 AT-34-542 0,85 AT-12-41 0,8

1993 2009 1999
DH DH DH
Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

AT-12-57 0,84 AT-31-357 0,85 AT-22,219 0,82

2002 2007 2008
DH DH DH
Plant 3 Plant 3
Plant 3

AT-34-554 0,77 AT-22-222 0,81 -

1995 2005 -
DH DH

In Austria the efficiency of CHP and biomass heating plants is similar to the efficiency in other European countries. From an
economic perspective, the plant operators are interested in optimizing their systems. In Austria there is a wide pallet of
funding opportunities to increase efficiency. Legal and economic framework conditions are ideal for an increase of efficiency.
CHP plants have an electrical efficiency in the range of 20 percent. The thermal efficiency is generally above 60 percent and

9
increases with system size. For biomass heating plants, the efficiency is around 80 percent. Larger plants have made a better
efficiency. In Austria there are only 2 biomass heating plants over 20 MW. Therefore a general statement about the efficiency
over 20 MW can not be done.

2. Denmark

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Denmark:

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

CHP Plant
Efficiency (In %) Heat Electrical Electrical Heat Electrical
Heat Efficiency
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

0,69 0,22
DK-01-8 0,6 0,26 DK-05-2 0,76 0,17 DK-03-1
2003 1991 1999

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0,61 0,24
0,77 0,10 - -
DK03-08 - DK-04-1

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3 0,59 0,21

- - - -
- - DK-01-1

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Denmark:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

DK-04-32 0,78 DK-01-5 0,69 0,78

DK-04-22
2009 1995
Residential
Residential DH

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0,76 DK-02-8 0,74 -
DK-05-12
2005 -
Residential
Residential
Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

- 0,8 -
DK-03-23
- -
2006

10
 3. Estonia:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Estonia:

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

CHP Plant Efficiency
(In %) Heat Electrical Heat Electrical Heat Electrical
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

- - EE-00-72 0,7 0,17 EE-00-59 0,7 0,25
-
2013 2008
Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2
- - EE-00-63 0,69 0,25 - -
- -
2012
Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3
- - - - - -
- - -

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Estonia:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

EE-00-112 EE-00-47 -
0,87 0,76 -
2012 2003
DH DH -

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

EE-00-81 EE-00-111 -
0,8 0,87 -
2005 1994
Industrial Industrial -

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

EE-00-106 0,8 - -
2010 - -
Residential

11
 4. Finland:

1 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Finland:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

0,75 0,93 0,86

FI-13-7 FI-18-44 FI-1A-34

2000 2007

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0,85 0,95 0,88

FI-19-217 FI-19-183 FI-13-15

2013 2009

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

0,85 0,85 0,87

FI-1A-5 FI-18-10 FI-1A-39

2011

12
 5. France:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in France:

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

CHP Plant Efficiency (In
%) Heat Electrical Heat Electrical Heat Electrical
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

- - 0,54 0,16 - -
- - -

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

- - 0,66 0,18 - -
- - -

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

- - 0,50 0,20 - -
- - -

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in France:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

FR-10-14 0,86 FR-10-7 0,87 FR-22-15 0,9

2011 2007 2001
Industrial Industrial Industrial

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

FR-21-4 0,7 FR-21-2 0,9 FR-62-1 0,8

Industrial Industrial Industrial

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

- FR-26-6 0,8 -
- -
Industrial

13
 6. Germany:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Germany:

CHP Plant Efficiency (In 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW
%)
Heat Electrical Heat Electrical Heat Electrical
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency
Plant 1 0,84 0,15 Plant 1 0,70 0,14 Plant 1 0,65 0,26

DE-11- DE-11- DE-22-

2011 2006 2011

Plant 2 0,66 0,16 Plant 2 0,70 0,15 Plant 2 0,71 0,23

DE-22- DE-F0- DE-21-26

2012 2009 2000

Plant 3 0,84 0,16 Plant 3 0,71 0,15 Plant 3 0,54 0,28

DE-21-20 DE-91- DE-27-15
2008 2009 2008

2 Electric Plant efficiency using wood chip in Germany:

Electrical Plant Efficiency 5-15 MW 15-25 MW >25 MW

(In %)

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

- - 0,32
DE-21-31
- -
1999

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

- - 0,31
DE-22-
- -
2004
Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3
- - DE-F0 0,31
- -
2004

14
 7. Italy:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Italy:

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

CHP Plant Efficiency (In %) Heat Electrical Electrical Heat Electrical

Heat Efficiency
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

0,75 0,11 0,80 0,20 - -
IT-H3-5 IT-H1-14 -

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

IT-C2-4 0,7 0,139 - - - -

- -

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Italy:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

IT-C2-2 0,8 IT-C2-1 0,75 -

1999 2000 -
DH DH

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

IT-H5-3 -
0,8 -
2009 - -
Residential

3 Electric Plant efficiency using wood chip in Italy:

Electrical Plant Efficiency (In

5-15 MW 15-25 MW >25 MW
%)
Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1
- 0,27 0,27
- IT-H5-1 2008 IT-H3-1
Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2
- 0,3 0,27
- IT-L1-1 2007 IT-H5-1

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

- 0,3 0,3
- IT-C4-2 2006 IT-I1-1

15
 8. Poland:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Poland:

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

CHP Plant Efficiency (In %) Heat Electrical Heat Electrical Electrical
Heat Efficiency
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

0,7 0,2 0,66 0,2 0,58 0,2
PL-22-217 PL-22-218 PL-06-4
2009 2008 2004

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0,62 0,23 0,65 0,18 0,58 0,26
PL-22-18 PL- PL-
2012 2009 2006

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

- - 0,64 0,2 0,62 0,19
PL-20-1 PL-
-
2012 2008

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Poland:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

PL-22-285 0,83 PL-18-1 0,85 PL-28-2 0,87

2003 2004 2004
DH DH DH

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

PL-02-1 0,86 PL-22-12 0,85 PL-32-5 0,83

2001 2002 2002/2008
DH DH Industrial

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

PL- 0,83 PL-30-1 0,84 -

2006 2003 -
DH DH

3 Electric Plant efficiency using wood chip in Poland:

Electrical Plant Efficiency (In

5-15 MW 15-25 MW >25 MW
%)

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

- - 0,37
PL- PL-
-
2011 2013

16
 Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2
- - 0,35
PL-22-163
- -
2006

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

- - 0,37
PL-
- -
2004

9. Spain:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Spain:

CHP Plant 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Efficiency (In Electrical Electrical Electrical
%) Heat Efficiency Heat Efficiency Heat Efficiency
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency
Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1
ES-41-4 0,6 0,2 - - - -
- -
2008
Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2
ES-42-1 0,8 0,13 - - - -
- -
2012
Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3
ES-12-3 0,74 0,16 - - - -
- -
2011

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Spain:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

ES-12-4 0,75 0,65 0,8
ES- ES-41-18
2009
DH DH
Residential
Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

ES-21-4 0,8 - -
2010 - -
Industrial

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

ES-11-11 0,8 - -
2009 - -
Industrial

3 Electric Plant efficiency using wood chip in Spain:

17
 Electrical Plant
5-15 MW 15-25 MW >25 MW
Efficiency (In %)

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

0 ,235 - 0,3
ES-61-5 - ES-41-2

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0 ,237 - -
ES-61-14 - -

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

0 ,247 - -
ES-61-11 - -

Due to legislation, in Spain the electric plants projects are stopped since a couple of years because the feed in tariffs have
changed and now they are quite low. The plant Es-41-2 is one of the lastest projects to be finished thats one of the reasons
why the efficiency is higher. Also its higher because usually, the biggest the plants are in size, the better is the efficiency.
The majority of the plants of Region 61 were made several years ago (5-10 years) to burn olive cake due to the huge quantity of
this resource in the area but lately they were consuming wood chips because the feed-in tariff were higher. Since some months
ago the law changed and now all the biomass are paid the same so some of them are coming back to the olive cake, others are
still consuming woodchips but until some months we wont have a clear picture of the real mix.

10. Sweden:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in Sweden:

1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

CHP Plant Efficiency (In %) Heat Electrical Heat Electrical Electrical
Heat Efficiency
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

0,63 0,1 0,45 0,17
SE-09-13 SE-01-1
1994 1997

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0,5 0,16
SE-09-14
2004

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

0,82 0,21
SE-01-12
1997

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in Sweden:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

18
 Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

SE02-23 0,92 0,84 0,86

SE02-28 SE04-17
2002
2007 1995

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0,76 0,83 0,82

SE04-7 SE02-38 SE09-25
1990 1998 1999

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

0,79 0,83 0.83

SE07-9 SE02-2
SE04-04
2003 1997

11. United Kingdom:

1 CHP Plant efficiency using wood chip in United Kingdom:

CHP Plant 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Efficiency (In Electrical Electrical Electrical
%) Heat Efficiency Heat Efficiency Heat Efficiency
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency
Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1
UK NO-2 0,4 0,26 UK NO-3- 0,28 0,3 0,25 0,28
UK F3-1
B9 Energy Balkas Timber
Eco2 Links
biomass Ltd Ltd
Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2
UK K1-2 0,55 0,25 UK M3-3 Land 0,43 0,26 UK E3-1 Eon 0,2 0,32
Markley Group Energy Girvan Blackburn
biomass plant meadows
Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3
Uk K4-1 0,55 0,28 0,5 0,3 UK E2-1 0,25 0,26
UK J3-1 Double
Plymouth Sembcorp
H noursery
Hospital NHS Utilities

2 Heat Plant efficiency using wood chip in UK:

Heat Efficiency (In %) 1-5 MW 5-20 MW >20 MW

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

L1-2 0,8 - -
No plants in size class No plants in size class
Residential - Ceredigion

Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2

0,8 - -
Residential - Derby - -

Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3

Residential- Yorkshire 0,82 - -

- -

19
 3 Electric Plant efficiency using wood chip in UK:

Electrical Plant
5-15 MW 15-25 MW >25 MW
Efficiency (In %)

Plant 1 Plant 1 Plant 1

0 ,3 UK C2-1 0,27 0,3
NO-4 UK C1-1
Lynemouth power
React energy Kedco Dalkia Chilton plant
station
Plant 2 Plant 2 Plant 2
0 ,28 - 0,28
M3-2 UK D4-1
-
Caledonian papermill TPS Thornton power st
Plant 3 Plant 3 Plant 3
0,3
0 ,28 -
UK M6-1 UK H1-1
-
Balkas Timber University East Anglia

20