Ultima SLM Ni-Cd battery

Technical manual

May 2006
Contents

1. Introduction 3 7. Battery charging 15

7.1 Charging methods 15
2. Battery applications 4 7.2 Charge acceptance 16
7.3 Temperature effects 17
3. Principles of the oxygen recombination cycle 5
8. Special operating factors 18
4. Construction features of the Ultima battery 7 8.1 Electrical abuse 18
4.1 Plate assembly 7 8.2 Mechanical abuse 18
4.2 Separation 8
4.3 Electrolyte 8 9. Battery sizing principles 19
4.4 Terminal pillars 8
4.5 Venting system 9 10. Installation and operating instructions 20
4.6 Cell container 9 10.1 Receiving the shipment 20
10.2 Storage 20
5. Benefits of the Ultima battery 10 10.3 Installation 20
10.4 Commissioning 22
6. Operating features 11 10.5 Charging in service 22
6.1 Capacity 11 10.6 Periodic maintenance 22
6.2 Cell voltage 11
6.3 Internal resistance 11 11. Refurbishment of Ultima batteries 23
6.4 Effect of temperature on performance 12
6.5 Short-circuit values 12 12. Disposal and recycling 24
6.6 Open circuit loss 13
6.7 Cycling 13
6.8 Water consumption 13
6.9 Gas evolution 14
 1. Introduction

The nickel-cadmium battery is This publication details the

the most reliable battery system design and operating
available in the market today. Its characteristics of the Saft Nife
unique features enable it to be brand Ultima battery to enable a
used in applications and successful battery system to be
environments untenable for achieved. A battery which in
other widely available battery normal applications requires no
systems. With the advent of the topping-up but has all the well-
valve-regulated lead acid battery proven advantages of the nickel-
a new concept was available to cadmium pocket plate battery.
the customer, a battery that did
not require water replenishment.
However, this was obtained at
the cost of reliability. To give the
customer a highly reliable
battery of zero or ultra-low
maintenance Saft has developed
the Ultima recombination pocket
plate battery.
3
2. Battery applications

Offshore oil and gas Ultima batteries are designed to

Emergency lighting meet the needs of applications
Fire and security systems requiring the traditional high
Railway signaling reliability of nickel-cadmium
Process control pocket plate cells without the
Switchgear need to replenish with water.
Telecommunications They are indeed the best solution
Mass transit for installations, whether they
UPS are UPS systems, emergency
lighting systems,
telecommunications, where the
risk of failure of the system is
unacceptable. Ultima batteries
are also eminently suitable for
remote applications such as
offshore applications and
switching substations, where the
system must have total reliability
without the need for battery
maintenance.

4
 3. Principles of the oxygen
recombination cycle
In a conventional flooded
electrolyte pocket plate nickel-
cadmium battery water is lost
from the battery on overcharge
due to the following reactions:
At the positive plate
40H- 2H20 + 02 + 4e-
(Oxygen evolution)
At the negative plate
4H20 + 4e- 2H2 + 40H-
(Hydrogen evolution)
This corresponds to a theoretical
loss of 36 g of water for 107 Ah
of overcharge i.e. 0.335 cm3
per Ah. Hence a conventional
cell requires periodic addition of
water. The frequency of this
operation depends upon the
cumulative amount of charge
received and the operating
temperature.
5
During the charging process
evolution of oxygen begins to
occur a little before the positive
plate reaches its fully charged
state and then becomes the
main reaction when the fully
charged condition is reached.
However, the cadmium negative
plate has a better charge
acceptance than the positive
plate and hydrogen is not evolved
until this plate is virtually fully
charged.
The Ultima battery has been
designed with an excess of
cadmium negative material to
enhance this effect and ensure
that oxygen evolution commences
prior to hydrogen evolution.
The oxygen which is produced at
the positive plate surface is
collected by the special porous
separator and thus not allowed
to escape from the region
between the plates. Some
displacement of electrolyte within
the separator occurs, thus
generating extra unfilled pores
for the diffusion of oxygen
directly to the adjacent cadmium
negative plate.
As soon as the oxygen reaches
the negative plate it reacts either
chemically:
2Cd + 02 + 2H20 2Cd(OH)2 (A)
or electrochemically:
02 + 2H20 + 4e- 40H- (B)
Reaction (A) has the effect of
chemically discharging some of
the cadmium to cadmium
hydroxide. The current passing
through the battery is used to
recharge this material.
Reaction (B) consumes the
current directly. Thus hydrogen
evolution at the negative plate is
suppressed because the
preferred reaction is oxygen
recombination. Hence the total
process of oxygen generation and
consumption is referred to as an
oxygen recombination cycle.
The efficiency of this oxygen
recombination process depends
upon the relationship between
the rate at which oxygen is
produced and the rate at which
it can be collected and
transferred to the negative plate
surface. The rate of collection
and transfer of oxygen is
controlled by the separator type
and the cell design.
The rate at which oxygen is The Ultima battery is fitted with
produced on overcharge is a low pressure vent on each cell.
directly related to the charge On overcharge the cells have an
current once the positive plate internal pressure above
has reached a full state of atmospheric pressure. The vent
charge. The charge current in provides an outlet for the release
turn is controlled by the charging of small quantities of hydrogen
voltage level set on the charging and non-recombined oxygen and
equipment and the ambient thus controls the internal
temperature. By controlling the pressure. When the pressure
charge voltage high efficiencies falls below the release pressure
can be obtained and in this way either on open circuit or on
the rate of water loss can be discharge the vent reseals to
reduced to a fraction of that prevent ingress of air and
from conventional batteries. minimize self-discharge
reactions.
Though the efficiency of this
oxygen recombination is high it
will never achieve 100% as small
quantities of oxygen will escape
from the separator before
reaching and reacting at the
negative plate. Thus a small
quantity of hydrogen will
ultimately be generated and
hence a low rate of water loss
will occur. The battery is
designed to accommodate this
by provision of a generous
electrolyte reserve both above
and around each cell pack within
the battery. This ensures a long
service life without the need to
replenish with water too often.
6
 4. Construction features of
the Ultima battery

The construction of the
Saft Nife brand Ultima cell
is based upon the Saft
pocket plate technology but
with special features to
enhance the low water
usage by means of the
recombination cycle.
4.1 Plate assembly
The nickel-cadmium cell consists
of two groups of plates, one
containing nickel hydroxide (the
positive plate) and the other
containing cadmium hydroxide
(the negative plate).
The active materials of the Saft
Ultima pocket plate are retained
in pockets formed from nickel-
plated steel strips double-
perforated by a patented
process. These pockets are
mechanically linked together, cut
to the size corresponding to the
plate width and compressed to
the final plate dimension. This
process leads to a component
which is not only mechanically
robust but also retains its active
material within a steel boundary
which promotes conductivity and
minimizes electrode swelling.
These plates are then welded to
a current carrying bus bar which
further ensures the mechanical
and electrical stability of the
product.
The alkaline electrolyte does not
react with steel, which means
that the supporting structure of
the Ultima battery stays intact
and unchanged for the life of the
battery. There is no corrosion
and no risk of sudden death.

Protective cover
in line with
EN 50272-2 (safety)
Low pressure with IP2 level.
flame-arresting vent
Terminal pillars

Plate group bus bar

Plate tab

Polypropylene
Pocket plate cell container

Polypropylene
fibrous separator

Saft cells fulfil all

requirements specified
by IEC 60623 and 62259.
7
4.2 Separation
As described in section 3, the
separator is a key feature of the
Ultima battery. It is polypropylene
fibrous material which, after
exhaustive analysis of available
separator material, was specially
developed for this product to
give the features required.
Using this separator and plastic
spacing ribs, the distance
between the plates is carefully
controlled to give the necessary
gas retention to provide the level
of recombination required.
By providing a large spacing
between the positive and
negative plates and a generous
quantity of electrolyte between
plates, the possibility of thermal
runaway is eliminated.
4.3 Electrolyte
The electrolyte used in Ultima,
which is a solution of potassium
hydroxide and lithium hydroxide,
is optimized to give the best
combination of performance, life
and energy efficiency over a wide
temperature range.
The concentration is such as to
allow the cell to be operated
down to 20C (4F) (for
operating temperature, see
section 5) and it is not necessary
to change the electrolyte during
the life of the cell.
The electrode material is less 4.4 Terminal pillars
reactive with the alkaline Short terminal pillars are welded
electrolyte (nickel-cadmium to the plate bus bars using a
secondary batteries) than with well-proven battery construction
acid electrolytes (lead acid method. These posts are
secondary batteries). manufactured from steel bar,
Furthermore, during charging internally threaded for bolting on
and discharging in alkaline connectors and are nickel-
batteries the electrolyte works plated.
mainly as a carrier of oxygen or
hydroxyl ions from one electrode The terminal pillar to lid seal is
to the other; hence the provided by a compressed visco-
composition or the elastic sealing surface held in
concentration of the electrolyte place by compression lock
does not change noticeably. washers. This assembly is
In the charge/discharge designed to provide satisfactory
reaction of the nickel-cadmium sealing throughout the life of the
battery, the potassium hydroxide product.
is not mentioned in the reaction
formula. A small amount of
water is produced during the
charging procedure (and
consumed during the discharge).
The amount is not enough to
make it possible to detect if the
battery is charged or discharged
by measuring the density of the
electrolyte.
Once the battery has been filled
with the correct electrolyte at
the battery factory, there is no
need to check the electrolyte
density periodically.
8
 4.5 Venting system
Ultima is fitted with a low
pressure flame-arresting vent for
each cell of the battery. This vent
operates as a one way valve
which will allow the release of
small quantities of hydrogen and
non-recombined oxygen if the
internal pressure exceeds a fixed
safety value. The nominal
operating pressure of the vent is
0.2 bar.
When the pressure falls below
the release pressure the vent
reseals to prevent ingress of air.
The sealing vent has an integral
flame-arresting porous disk to
prevent any possibility of any
external ignition from spreading
into the Ultima cell.
9
4.6 Cell container
Ultima is built up using the well-
proven Saft block battery
construction. The tough
polypropylene containers are
welded together by heat sealing.
Additional end walls are welded
on to constrain the small internal
pressure changes created by the
recombination process and the
low pressure vent.
The assembly of the blocks is
completed by a clip on cover
enclosing the top of the Ultima
block, giving a non-conducting,
easy to clean, top surface.
5. Benefits of the
Ultima battery
Benefits of the Saft valve-
regulated Ultima battery are:
Complete reliability
Does not suffer from the sudden
death failure due to internal
corrosion associated with lead
acid batteries.
Exceptional long life
It has all the design features
associated with the conventional
Saft twenty plus year life
batteries.
Ultra-low maintenance
Ultima can operate for up to
twenty years without topping-up
in normal applications. It can be
engineered for severe
applications to give prolonged
ultra-low maintenance with the
option of water replenishment as
and when required.
Wide operating temperature
range
The normal Ultima operating
temperature range is 0C to
+40C (+32F to +104F).
However, Ultima can survive
extremes of temperature from as
low as 50C to up to +70C
(58F to up to +158F).
Resistance to mechanical
abuse
Ultima is designed to have the
mechanical strength for use in
both stationary and mobile
applications.
High resistance to electrical
abuse
Ultima will survive abuses which
will destroy the valve-regulated
lead acid battery. In particular, it
has a resistance to overcharging,
deep discharging, short-circuits,
and accepts ripple currents up
to 0.2 C5 A I eff.
Low installation costs
Ultima can be used with existing
charging systems, has minimal
gas evolution without any
corrosive vapors, uses
corrosion-free polypropylene
containers and has an easy
bolted assembly system.
Well-proven pocket plate
construction
Saft has over 80 years of
manufacturing and application
experience with the nickel-
cadmium pocket plate product
and this expertise has been built
into the twenty plus years design
life of the Ultima product.
10
 6. Operating features
6.1 Capacity
The Ultima battery capacity is
rated in ampere-hours (Ah) and
is the quantity of electricity at
+20C (+68F) which it can
supply for a 5 hour discharge to
1.0 V/cell after being fully
charged. This figure is in
agreement with the IEC 60623
standard.
According to the IEC 60623
(Edition 4), 0.2 C5 A is also
expressed as 0.2 I t A.
The reference test current (I t) is
expressed as:
C Ah
I t A= n
1h
where:
Cn is the rated capacity
declared by the
manufacturer in
ampere-hours (Ah),
and
n is the time base in hours (h)
for which the rated capacity
is declared.
In practice, Ultima is used in
floating conditions and so the
tabular data is based upon cell
performance after several
months of floating. This
eliminates certain correction
factors which need to be used
when sizing batteries with
conventional fully charged open
cell data (see section 9 Battery
sizing principles).
11
6.2 Cell voltage For cells 50% discharged the
The cell voltage of nickel- internal resistance is about
cadmium cells results from the 20% higher and when 90%
electrochemical potentials of the discharged it is about 80%
nickel and the cadmium active higher. The internal resistance of
materials in the presence of the a fully discharged cell has very
potassium hydroxide electrolyte. little meaning.
The nominal voltage is 1.2 V.
Reducing the temperature also
increases the internal resistance
6.3 Internal resistance and, at 0C (+32F), the internal
The internal resistance of a cell resistance is about 40% higher
varies with the type of service than at room temperature.
and the state of charge and is,
therefore, difficult to define and
measure accurately.
The most practical value for
normal applications is the
discharge voltage response to a
change in discharge current.
The internal resistance per
1/C of an Ultima cell at room
5
temperature when measured
after float charging at normal
temperature is 80 m for
SLM 8 to SLM 48 cells and
100 m for SLM 71 to
SLM 476 cells; e.g. for an
Ultima cell type SLM 8 (8 Ah)
the internal resistance is
80 x1/8 = 10 m.
The above figures are for fully
charged cells. For lower states
of charge the values increase.
6.4 Effect of temperature 6.5 Short-circuit values
on performance The typical short-circuit value in
Variations in ambient amperes for an Ultima cell is
temperature affect the approximately 15 times the
performance of Ultima and this ampere-hour capacity. The
needs to be taken into account Ultima battery is designed to
when sizing the battery. withstand a short-circuit current
of this magnitude for many
Low temperature operation has minutes without damage.
the effect of reducing the
performance but the higher
temperature characteristics are
similar to those at normal
temperatures. The effect of
temperature is more marked at
higher rates of discharge.

The factors which are required

in sizing a battery to
compensate for temperature
variations are given in a
graphical form in Figure 1 for
the normal recommended
operating temperature range of
0C to +40C (+32F to +104F).

For use at temperatures outside

this range contact Saft for
advice.
Figure 1: Typical de-rating factors versus temperature
for cell final voltage between 1 and 1.10 V
12
 6.6 Open circuit loss
The state of charge of Ultima on
open circuit slowly decreases
with time due to self-discharge.
In practice this decrease is
relatively rapid during the first
two weeks but then stabilizes to
about 2% per month at +20C
(+68F).
The self-discharge
characteristics of a nickel-
cadmium cell are affected by the
temperature. At low
temperatures the charge
retention is better than at
normal temperature and so the
open circuit loss is reduced.
However, the self-discharge is
significantly increased at higher
temperatures.
The open circuit loss for Ultima
for the standard temperature
and the extremes of the normal
operating range is shown in
Figure 2 for a one year period.
Figure 2: Typical open circuit loss variation with time
13
6.7 Cycling
Ultima is an ultra-low
maintenance product and
therefore is used generally in
standby and not continuous
cycling applications.
Nevertheless, it is designed
using conventional pocket plate
electrode technology and has
therefore an equivalent cycling
capability to the standard
product.
If Ultima is used in a deep cycling
application which requires a fast
recharge, there will be significant
gas evolved and the ultra-low
maintenance properties of the
product will be severely reduced.
However, there are cycling
applications where Ultima can be
beneficial. This will depend on
the frequency and depth of
discharge involved.
6.8 Water consumption
The Ultima battery works on the
oxygen recombination principle
and therefore has a much
reduced water consumption. In
practice, for the recommended
charging voltages, Ultima has a
level of recombination of 85% to
95%. This compares to the level
of recombination found in
equivalent vented pocket plate
cells of 30% to 35%. Thus
Ultima has a water usage
reduced by a factor of up to 10
times of that of an open flooded
cell. This means that at suitable
charging voltages and
temperatures, Ultima will not
need water replenishment for
about 20 years.
However, not all needs are the
same and Ultima is designed to
allow water replenishment under
different and more difficult
charging conditions. Figure 3
gives a comparison of different
water replenishment times under
different float voltages at +20C
(+68F).
6.9 Gas evolution
The gas evolution is a function of
the amount of water electrolyzed
into hydrogen and oxygen which is
not involved in the recombination
cycle. The electrolysis of 1 cm3 of
water produces about 1865 cm3
of gas mixture and this gas
mixture is in the proportion of
2/3 hydrogen and 1/3 oxygen.
Figure 3: Effect of charging voltage on water consumption
Thus the electrolysis of 1 cm3 of
water produces about 1243 cm3
of hydrogen.
As stated in section 6.8, under
normal recommended float
conditions Ultima has a
recombination level of 85% to
95% and so the amount of
water which is electrolyzed into
gas is small. Typically an Ultima
cell will electrolyze about
0.002 cm3 of water per Ah of
cell capacity per day. This value
will be smaller or larger
depending on the float voltage
value. Thus a typical value of gas
emission would be 3.5 cm3 per
Ah of cell capacity per day, or
2.5 cm3 of hydrogen per Ah of
cell capacity per day.
14
 7. Battery charging

In order to ensure that the ultra-
low maintenance properties of
the Ultima battery are achieved,
it is necessary to control the
charge input to the battery to
minimize the rate of water loss
during the life of the product.
It is important therefore that the
recommended charge conditions
are complied with. However,
Ultima is unique in recombination
valve-regulated systems in
allowing the possibility of
replenishment of water in severe
applications where excessive
water loss is unavoidable.
7.1 Charging methods
Ultima batteries may be charged
by the following methods:
a) Two level constant potential
charging
The initial stage of two-rate
constant potential charging
consists of a first charging stage
to a maximum voltage of
1.45 0.01 V/cell.
Alternatively, if a faster rate of
recharge is required, a voltage
limit of 1.55 V/cell with a
current limit of 0.1 C5 A can be
used. However, if frequent
recharges are required this will
increase the rate of water loss
and gas generation.
b) Single level float charging
Ultima batteries are float
charged at 1.42 0.01 V/cell
from a fully discharged condition
to a high state of charge. This is
detailed in section 7.2 and about
80% of the capacity will be
available after 16 hours of
charge.
Temperature compensation may
be required as described in
section 7.3.

After this first stage the charger

should be switched to a second
maintenance stage at a float
voltage of 1.42 0.01 V/cell.
After a prolonged mains failure
the first stage should be
reapplied manually or
automatically.
15
7.2 Charge acceptance
The performance data sheets
for Ultima are based upon
several months floating and so
are for fully float charged cells.
A discharged cell will take a
certain time to achieve this and
Figure 4 gives the capacity
available for the two principal
charging voltages recommended
for Ultima, 1.42 V/cell and
Figure 4: Available capacity on float charge from a fully discharged cell at +200 C to +250 C (+680 F to +770 F)
1.45 V/cell, during the first
30 hours of charge from a fully
discharged state.
If the application has a particular
recharge time requirement then
this must be taken into account
when calculating the battery
(see section 9 Battery sizing
principles).
16
 7.3 Temperature effects
The recombination efficiency of
the Ultima cell is dependent on
the floating current and this, in
itself, is a function of the floating
voltage. Thus the floating
voltages chosen for Ultima are
carefully optimized at an ambient
temperature of +20C (+68F)
between the current required to
charge the cell and the level of
current required to give the
ultra-low maintenance features.
As the temperature increases
then the electrochemical
behavior becomes more active
and so, for the same floating
voltage, the current increases.
As the temperature is reduced
then the reverse occurs.
Figure 5: Charging voltage adjustment for sustained temperatures
17
Increasing the current increases
the water loss and reducing the
current creates the risk that the
cell will not be sufficiently
charged. Thus as it is clearly
important to maintain the same
current through the cell, it is
necessary to modify the floating
voltage as the temperature
changes. The change in voltage
required, or temperature
compensation, is given in Figure 5.
If these values cannot be exactly
met with a particular system then
temperature compensation value is
3 mV/C/cell (1.7 mV/F/cell).
8. Special operating factors
8.1 Electrical abuse
8.1.1 Ripple effects
The nickel-cadmium battery is
tolerant to high ripple from
standard charging systems.
Ultima accepts ripple currents
up to 0.2 C5 A I eff.
8.1.2 Over-discharge
If more than the designed
capacity is taken out of a battery
then it becomes over-discharged.
This is considered to be an
abuse situation for a battery and
should be avoided.
In the case of lead acid batteries
this will lead to failure of the
battery and is unacceptable.
The Ultima battery is designed to
make recovery from this
situation possible.
8.1.3 Overcharge
Overcharge of a recombination
battery leads to an excessive use
of water.
In a restricted electrolyte
battery, such as valve-regulated
lead acid, this loss of electrolyte
is irreversible and will lead to
premature failure of the battery.
In the case of Ultima, with its
generous electrolyte reserve, a
small degree of overcharge will
not significantly alter the
maintenance period. In the case
of excessive overcharge, a
situation which will immediately
destroy a valve-regulated lead
acid battery, Ultima can be
refurbished as described in
section 11.
8.2 Mechanical abuse
8.2.1 Shock loads
The Ultima block battery concept
has been tested to IEC 68-2-29
(bump tests at 5 g, 10 g and
25 g) and IEC 77 (shock test
3 g), where g = acceleration.
8.2.2 Vibration resistance
The Ultima block battery concept
has been tested to IEC 77 for
2 hours at 1 g, where
g = acceleration.
8.2.3 External corrosion
Ultima nickel-cadmium cells are
manufactured in durable
polypropylene, all external metal
components are nickel-plated
and these components are
protected by an anti-corrosion oil
and a rigid plastic cover.
18
 9. Battery sizing principles
Ultima is designed to be easy to
use and specify and so the
published data is based on cells
which have been on float for
several months, i.e. the data
reflects the practical situation.
Thus in a situation at normal
ambient temperature without any
specific requirement with regard
to recharge time the published
data can be used directly to size
the battery. However, if there are
requirements with regard to
recharge time or temperature
then this will modify the result.
Examples
A standby system is to be sited
in a building with an ambient
temperature of +20C (+68F)
and the temperature will always
lie between +15C and +25C
(+59F and +77F). It has a
maximum voltage of 130 V and a
minimum voltage of 95 V and
requires a back-up of 105 A for
2 hours.
In this case a simple 1.42 V/cell
single level charger without
temperature compensation can
be used.
Number of cells = 130/1.42 = 91
and the final voltage will be
95/91 = 1.04 V/cell.
19
The Ultima data shows that the
SLM 238 gives 109 A for
2 hours to 1.05 V/cell and so
the battery would be 91 cells of
SLM 238.
However, if for this example
there was a restriction that the
battery must give 80% of its
performance after 10 hours
from a totally discharged state
then certain modifications need
to be made to the calculation.
If the single level 1.42 V/cell
charger is retained, then from
Figure 4 it can be seen that after
10 hours about 74% of the
capacity is available and so the
battery size will have to be
increased by the factor 80/74
or, in other words, 8%. Thus for
a current of 113 A (105 A + 8%)
to 1.05 V/cell the battery
required is 91 cells of SLM 285
as this gives 131 A to 1.05 V/cell.
From Figure 4, it can be seen
that a voltage of 1.45 V/cell
gives 80% of the capacity after
10 hours and so there is no
need to increase the cell
capacity to compensate for the
charge. However, the battery
has to be recalculated as, with
the same voltage window, the
higher charge voltage will modify
the end of discharge voltage.
Thus, the number of cells =
130/1.45 = 89 and so the end
of discharge voltage becomes
95/89 = 1.07 V. The Ultima
performance tables give for
2 hours discharge at 117 A to
1.10 V/cell the SLM 285, and
so in this case the battery is 89
cells of SLM 285.
In this situation, it is advisable to
use a dual rate charger.
In principle it is always better to
go to the lowest charge voltage
as this gives the lowest end of
discharge voltage, and generally
a smaller cell capacity for the
same duty, and gives the best
maintenance interval.
Temperatures outside the
standard range are treated in
precisely the same way using
Figure 1 for the de-rating
factors.
When treating temperatures it is
important to note that low
temperatures reduce the
performance (Figure 1) and so
the battery size must be
increased to accommodate this.
This section is intended to give
general guidelines in battery
sizing. For advice on special
battery applications contact Saft.
10. Installation and
operating instructions
Important
recommendations
Never allow an exposed flame
or spark near the batteries,
particularly while charging.
Never smoke while performing
any operation on the battery.
For protection, wear rubber
gloves, long sleeves, and
appropriate splash goggles
or face shield.
The electrolyte is harmful to
skin and eyes. In the event of
contact with skin or eyes,
wash immediately with plenty
of water. If eyes are affected,
flush with water, and obtain
immediate medical attention.
Remove all rings, watches
and other items with metal
parts before working on the
battery.
Use insulated tools.
Avoid static electricity and
take measures for protection
against electric shocks.
Discharge any possible static
electricity from clothing
and/or tools by touching an
earth-connected part
ground before working on
the battery.
10.1 Receiving the
shipment
Unpack the battery immediately
upon arrival. Do not overturn the
package. Check the packages and
cells for transport damage.
The battery is shipped filled and
charged, and is ready for
immediate use.
10.2 Storage
Store the battery indoors in a dry,
clean, cool location (0C to +30C /
+32F to +86F) and well-
ventilated space on open shelves.
Storage of a filled battery at
temperatures above +30C (+86F)
can result in loss of capacity. This
can be as much as 5% per 10C
(18F) above +30C (+86F)
per year.
Do not store in direct sunlight or
expose to excessive heat.
Ultima batteries are supplied filled
with electrolyte and charged.
They can be stored in this
condition for a maximum of
12 months.
Never drain the electrolyte from
the cells.
When deliveries are made in
cardboard boxes, store without
opening the boxes.
When deliveries are made in
plywood boxes, open the boxes
before storage. The lid and the
packing material on top of the
cells must be removed.
10.3 Installation
10.3.1 Location
Install the battery in a dry and
clean room. Avoid direct sunlight
and heat.
The battery will give the best
performance and maximum
service life when the ambient
temperature is between +10C
to +30C (+50F to +86F).
The Ultima valve-regulated
recombination battery can be fitted
onto stands, can be floor-mounted
or can be fitted into cabinets.
Allow sufficient space over the
battery to ensure easy access
during assembly.
Saft offers a wide selection of
stands to suit most applications.
It is desirable to have easy
access to all blocks on a stand-
mounted battery and they should
be situated in a readily available
position. Distances between
stands, and between stands and
walls, should be sufficient to give
good access to the battery.
The overall weight of the battery
must be considered and the load
bearing on the flooring taken into
account in the selection of the
battery accommodation. In case
of doubt, contact Saft for advice.
20
 When installing Ultima batteries
in a cabinet or on a stand the
following simple procedures
should be adopted.
First, place the blocks in the
correct position according to
the electrical layout ensuring
that they are correctly series
connected i.e. red positive
terminal to negative terminal.
Start with the lowest shelf to
ensure stability.
Fit the inter-block connectors
and, on tiered arrangements,
the inter-tier connector.
Connect positive and negative
terminals of each battery to
the correct polarity main
battery leads making sure that
these are well-secured.
Tighten all bolts firmly with the
spanner supplied to the
recommended torques given in
10.3.3. Do not use excessive
force.
Fit the lid covers.
10.3.2 Ventilation
During the last part of charging,
the battery is emitting gases
(oxygen and hydrogen mixture).
At normal float charge, the gas
evolution is very small but some
ventilation is necessary.
Note that special regulations
for ventilation may be valid in
your area depending on the
application.
21
Under normal floating conditions
the Saft Ultima battery gives off
up to 10 times less gas than a
conventional open cell. Thus the
need for ventilation is much
reduced and in many cases no
special ventilation requirements
other than normal room
ventilation are required. The
quantity of hydrogen given off is
given in section 6.9 Gas
evolution. However, if the Ultima
battery is commissioned in the
final location or if the maximum
recommended charge current of
0.1 C5 is used then the quantity
of gas given off will be increased.
A typical figure for room
ventilation is about 2.5 air
changes per hour and under
such conditions it is satisfactory
to install 700 watt hours of
battery capacity per cubic meter
if the final charge current is at
0.1 C5 A.
Care should also be taken with
cubicle installations to ensure
sufficient ventilation and battery
spacing to prevent overloading
and, hence, excess water usage.
10.3.3 Mounting
Verify that cells are correctly
interconnected with the
appropriate polarity. The battery
connection to load should be with
nickel-plated cable lugs.
Recommended torques for
terminal bolts are:
M 6 = 11 1.1 N.m
M 8 = 20 2 N.m
M10 = 30 3 N.m
The connectors and terminals
should be corrosion-protected by
coating with a thin layer of anti-
corrosion oil.
10.3.4 Electrolyte
When checking the electrolyte
levels, a fluctuation in level
between cells is not abnormal
and is due to the different
amounts of gas held in the
separators of each cell. The level
should be at least 15 mm above
the minimum level mark and
there is normally no need to
adjust it.
Do not open or remove the low
pressure vents.
10.4 Commissioning
Verify that the ventilation is
adequate during this operation.
10.4.1 Cells stored up to
6 months
A commissioning charge is
normally not required and the
cells are ready for immediate
use. If full performances are
necessary immediately (for
example capacity test), a
commissioning charge is
recommended as mentioned in
section 10.4.2.
10.4.2 Cells stored more than
6 months and up to 1 year
A commissioning charge is
necessary:
Constant current charge:
16 h at 0.1 C5 A recommended
(see Installation and Operating
Instructions sheet).
Constant potential charge:
1.65 V/cell for a minimum of
30 h with current limited to
0.1 C5 A (see Installation and
Operating Instructions sheet).
If these methods are not
available, then charging may be
carried out at lower voltages,
1.50 V/cell for 72 hours
minimum.
10.5 Charging in service
The recommended charging
voltages for continuous parallel
operation, with occasional
battery discharges, are:
for two level charge:
float level:
1.42 0.01 V/cell
high level:
1.45 0.01 V/cell
for single level charge:
1.42 0.01 V/cell
For use at temperatures outside
the range of +15C to +25C
(+59F to +77F), the correcting
factor for charge voltage is
3 mV/C/cell (1.7 mV/F/cell).
10.6 Periodic maintenance
Ultima is an ultra-low
maintenance battery and
requires the minimum of
maintenance. As a periodic
maintenance, the following is
recommended:
Keep the battery clean using
only water. Do not use a wire
brush or solvents of any kind.
Check visually the electrolyte
level. The topping-up is
recommended when the
electrolyte level reaches the
minimum level mark but
must be carried out before it
reaches the warning level.
Use only distilled or deionized
water to top-up. Experience
will tell the time interval
between topping-up.
Note:
Once the battery has been filled
with the correct electrolyte at
the battery factory, there is no
need to check the electrolyte
density periodically.
Interpretation of density
measurements is difficult and
could be misleading.
Check every two years that
all connectors are tight. The
connectors and terminal
bolts should be corrosion-
protected by coating with a
thin layer of anti-corrosion oil.
Check the charging voltage.
It is important that the
recommended charging
voltage remains unchanged.
The charging voltage should
be checked at least once
yearly. High water
consumption of the battery is
usually caused by improper
voltage setting of the charger.
22
 11. Refurbishment of
Ultima batteries
Refurbishment of the Ultima
battery is recommended when
the electrolyte level reaches the
minimum level mark on the cell
but must be carried out before it
reaches the warning level on the
cell.
Refurbishing of the Ultima
battery in fully charged
conditions is carried out as
follows:
Isolate the battery from the
power supply and the load.
Remove the terminal cover.
With the terminal cover
removed, the tops of the
individual cells of the Ultima
battery will be in view.
Confirm that an adequate
protective finish (recommended
anti-corrosion oil) remains on
terminal bolts and
connectors. Replenish if
necessary.
Carefully loosen the flame-
arresting low pressure vents
by using a specific tool to
release any gas pressure and
then remove each vent
completely and retain for
refitting.
23
Top-up each cell with distilled
or deionized water to the
specified maximum level. Saft
can supply special topping-up
equipment on request.
Wipe up any small spillage on
cells using a clean cloth.
Replace the vents taking care
to tighten them correctly
i.e. until resistance against a
stop is experienced, and
ensure that the seating
rubber has not been
disturbed out of position.
If there is any doubt about
the quality of the sealing ring
replace with a new vent
assembly.
Replace the terminal cover.
The refurbished Ultima cell is
now ready for recommissioning:
- discharge the battery at
0.2 C5 A down to 1.00 V/cell
- recharge the battery according
to section 10.4 Commissioning.
Note: Before proceeding with
any battery refurbishment
please ensure that the Important
Recommendations given in the
Ultima Installation and Operating
Instructions sheet are
complied with.
12. Disposal and recycling

In a world where autonomous Ni-Cd batteries must not be

sources of electric power are discarded as harmless waste
ever more in demand, Saft and should be treated carefully in
batteries provide an accordance with local and
environmentally responsible national regulations. Your Saft
answer to these needs. representative can assist with
Environmental management lies further information on these
at the core of Safts business and regulations and with the overall
we take care to control every recycling procedure.
stage of a battery's life cycle in
terms of potential impact.
Environmental protection is our
top priority, from design and
production through end-of-life
collection, disposal and recycling.

Our respect for the environment

is complemented by an equal
respect for our customers. We
aim to generate confidence in our
products, not only from a
functional standpoint, but also in
terms of the environmental
safeguards that are built into
their life cycle. The simple and
unique nature of the battery
components make them readily
recyclable and this process
safeguards valuable natural
resources for future generations.

In partnership with collection

agencies worldwide, Saft organizes
retrieval from pre-collection points
and the recycling of spent Saft
batteries. Safts collection network
can be found on our web site :

www.saftbatteries.com
24
 Saft is committed to the highest standards of environmental stewardship.
Implementing this commitment to minimise the impact of its products and operations on the environment means that
Saft gives priority to recycled over unrecycled raw materials, reduces its plant releases into the environment year after
year, minimizes water usage, and ensures that its customers have recycling solutions for their batteries at the end of their lives.
Regarding industrial Ni-Cd batteries, Saft has had partnerships for many years with collection companies in most EU countries as
well as in North America. This collection network receives and dispatches our customers batteries at the end of their lives to fully
approved recycling facilities, in compliance with the Laws governing transboundary waste shipments. Saft offers these services free
of charge to its customers.
Please find a list of our collection points on our web site.
In other countries, Saft assists its customers in finding environmentally sound recycling solutions. Please contact your sales
representative for further information.

Africa Finland Netherlands

Export sales dpt, HansaBattery Oy, Saft Batteries B.V.,
France Espoo Haarlem
Tel: +33 1 49 93 19 18 Tel: +358 9 260 65 292 Tel: +31 23 750 5720
Fax: +33 1 49 93 19 56 Fax: +358 9 260 65 299 Fax: +31 23 750 5725

Argentina France Norway

Energia Alcalina, Division France, Saft AS,
Buenos Aires Bagnolet Osteraas
Tel: +54 11 4334 9034/35 Tel: +33 1 49 93 19 18 Tel: +47 6716 4160
Fax: +54 11 4342 5024 Fax: +33 1 49 93 19 56 Fax: +47 6716 4170

Australia Germany Russia

Saft Australia Pty Ltd, Saft Batterien GmbH, ZAO Alcatel,
Seven Hills Nrnberg Moscow
Tel: +61 2 9674 0700 Tel: +49 911 94 174-0 Tel: +7 095 937 0967
Fax: +61 2 9620 9990 Fax: +49 911 426 144 Fax: +7 095 937 0906

Austria Hong Kong Singapore

Statron GmbH, Saft Ltd, Saft Batteries Pte Ltd,
Wien Kowloon Singapore
Tel: +43 1 617 40 60 Tel: +852 2796 99 32 Tel: +65 6512 1500
Fax: +43 1 617 40 60/40 Fax: +852 2798 06 19 Fax: +65 6749 7282

Belgium India sub continent Spain

AEG Belgium SA, Export sales dpt, Saft Baterias S.L.
Brussels Sweden San Sebastian de los Reyes
Tel: +32 2 529 6543 Tel: +46 491 680 00 Tel: +34 916 593 480
Fax: +32 2 529 6449 Fax: +46 491 681 80 Fax: +34 916 593 490

Brazil Italy Sweden

FSE (Fbrica de Sistemas de Energia) Ltda., Saft Batterie Italia S.r.l., Saft AB,
Sao Paulo Segrate (Milano) Oskarshamn
Tel: +55 11 6100 6304 Tel: +39 02 89 28 07 47 Tel: +46 491 680 00
Fax: +55 11 6100 6338 Fax: +39 02 89 28 07 62 Fax: +46 491 681 80

Canada Japan Switzerland

Please contact USA office Sumitomo Corp., Statron AG,
Tokyo Mgenwil
Chile Tel: +81 3 5144 9082 Tel: +41 62 887 4 887
Techno Parts Ltda., Fax: +81 3 5144 9267 Fax: +41 62 887 4 888
Santiago
Tel: +56 (2) 249 6060 Korea United Kingdom
Enersys Korea Co. Ltd, Saft Ltd,
China Kyunggi-Do Harlow
Saft (Zhuhai Free Trade Zone) Batteries Co Ltd, Tel: +82 2501 0033 Tel: +44 1279 772 550
Shanghai Fax: +82 2501 0034 Fax: +44 1279 420 909
Tel: +86 21 5866 6405
Fax: +86 21 5866 6403 Mexico USA
Troop y Compania, SA de CV, Saft America Inc.,
Czech Republic Mexico North Haven (CT)
Saft Ferak a.s., Tel: +52 55 50 82 10 30 Tel: +1 203 239 4718
Prague Fax: +52 55 50 82 10 39 Fax: +1 203 234 7598
Tel: +420 257 013 260
Fax: +420 257 013 261 Middle East Venezuela
Saft Nife ME Ltd, Corporacin INTELEC C.A.,
Denmark Limassol, Cyprus Caracas
Scansupply A/S, Tel: +357 25 820040 Tel: +58 212 9631122
Birkeroed Fax: +357 25 748492
Tel: +45 45 82 50 90
Fax: +45 45 82 54 40

Doc N 21036-2-0506
Saft Edition: May 2006
Industrial Battery Group Data in this document is subject to change without
12, rue Sadi Carnot notice and becomes contractual only after written
93170 Bagnolet France confirmation.

Tel: +33 1 49 93 19 18 Photo credits: Digital Vision, PhotoDisc, Saft.

Fax: +33 1 49 93 19 64
Socit anonyme au capital de 31 944 000
RCS Bobigny B 383 703 873

www.saftbatteries.com Prepared by Arthur Associates Limited.

(This page intentionally left blank)
 MSDS Number: MS-N96-s

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

PRODUCT NAME: INDUSTRIAL POCKET PLATE
NICKEL-CADMIUM STORAGE BATTERY
Batteries, Wet, Filled with Alkali, 8, UN2795 PGIII
SAFT AMERICA Inc. For Chemical Emergency
3 Powdered Metals Drive Spill, Leak, Fire, Exposure or Accident
North Haven, CT 06473 Call CHEMTREC - Day or Night
Information: Phone 203-239-4718 800-424-9300
Fax 203-234-7598 Date: 01/07/05
SAFT BRAND INDUSTRIAL NICKEL CADMIUM STORAGE BATTERY
HMIS RATINGS 3 Health 1 Flammability 2 Reactivity
NFPA RATINGS 3 Health 1 Flammability 2 Reactivity

1. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION

Effects of Overexposure
Eye Effects: Contact with electrolyte solution inside battery causes very rapid, severe damage. Extremely corrosive
to eye tissues. May result in permanent blindness.
Skin Effects: Contact with electrolyte solution inside battery may cause serious burns to skin tissues. Contact with
nickel compounds may cause skin sensitization, resulting in chronic eczema or nickel itch.
Ingestion: Ingestion of electrolyte solution causes tissue damage to throat area and gastro/respiratory tract.
Ingestion of cadmium and/or nickel compounds causes nausea and intestinal disorders.
Inhalation: Mists generated during activation procedures may cause varying degrees of irritation to the nasal
mucous membranes and respiratory tract tissues varying from mild irritation of nasal mucous
membranes to damage of lung tissues proper. Inhalation of cadmium compounds may cause dry throat,
cough, headache, vomiting, chest pain, and/or chills. Excessive overexposure may result in pulmonary
edema, breathing difficulty, and prostration.
Carcinogenicity: NIOSH recommends that nickel and cadmium be treated as occupational carcinogens.

2. EMERGENCY FIRST AID

Battery Electrolyte (Electrolyte is 18-28% Potassium Hydroxide or KOH)
Eye Contact: Flush with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes. Get immediate medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and flush affected areas with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Dilute by giving large volumes of water or milk. Get immediate medical
attention. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Give oxygen or artificial respiration if needed. Get immediate medical attention.
Nickel and Cadmium
Compounds
Skin contact: Wash with cold water and soap for 15 minutes..

3. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION

Perform activation procedures in a well-ventilated area. Battery operating areas must be well ventilated for removal of potentially
dangerous and harmful gases generated. Normal reactions inside the battery liberate explosive and flammable hydrogen gas.
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH approved mist respirator during activation and actual usage to maintain exposure levels below
the TWA.
Eye Protection: Use splash goggles or face shield whenever handling a battery.
Hand Protection: If exposure to electrolyte solution or dried salts is likely, use any water-insoluble, non-permeable glove, i.e.,
synthetic rubber. DO NOT user leather or wool.
Other protective Equipment: Rubber boots, rubber apron or rainwear, or equivalent if exposure to electrolyte solution is likely.

4. REACTIVITY DATA
CAUTION: NEVER ACTIVATE OR TOP OFF WITH ACID.
Incompatibilities: Aluminum, zinc, tin and other active metals, acid, chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrocarbons,
halocarbons. Tricholorethylene will react with electrolyte solution to form dichloroacetylene which is spontaneously combustible.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nickel compounds, cadmium compounds, and potassium hydroxide.
Note that normal reactions inside battery liberate flammable hydrogen gas. Do not seal battery from atmosphere.
Hazardous Polymerization will not occur.

5. FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS

Case Material Polypropylene Acrylic Polysulfone
Melting Point 279F 210F 374F
Decomposition (non-violent) 550F
Auto Ignition 570 - 580F 1022F (550C)
Extinguishing Media CO2, Sand CO2, Sand CO2, Sand

1 MS-N96-s Data MSDS SAFT.rtf

 MSDS Number: MS-N96-s

5. FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS - continued

Melting Point Boiling Point
Cadmium 608F 1410F
Cadmium Hydroxide N/A 2838F (sublimes)
Nickel 2645F 4950F
Nickel Hydroxide N/A 445F (Decomposes to NiO)
Special Fire Fighting Procedures
Use self-contained breathing apparatus to avoid breathing toxic fumes. Wear protective clothing and equipment to prevent potential
body contact with electrolyte solution or mixture of water and electrolyte solution. Disconnect or cut all cables to and from
battery especially ground connection.
Fire and Explosion Hazards
Electrolyte solution is corrosive to all human tissues. It will react violently with many organic chemicals, especially nitrocarbons and
chlorocarbons. Electrolyte solution reacts with zinc, aluminum, tin and other active materials releasing flammable hydrogen gas.
Cadmium fumes may be released when batteries are subjected to high temperatures. In case of fire, do not breath smoke and
fumes!

6.0 INGREDIENTS CAS# EXPOSURE LIMITS QUANTITY

Cadmium (as Cadmium and 7440-43-9 5.0 ug/m3 dust OSHA 8%
Cadmium Hydroxide) 21041-95-2 0.05 mg/m3 ACGIH CEILING-Fume
Nickel ( as Nickel and 7440-02-0 1 mg/m3 OSHA 9%
Nickel Hydroxide) 1205-44-87
3
Cobalt (as Cobalt Hydroxide) 7440-48-4 0.1 mg/m dust OSHA 0.2%
Electrolyte Solution 1310-58-3 2 mg/m3 ACGIH CEILING-Air 29%
(18-28% potassium hydroxide)
Acrylic Polymer Container None Established OSHA 10%
Polysulfone Container None Established OSHA 10%
Polypropylene container None Established OSHA 10%
Lithium Hydroxide 1310-66-3 None Established OSHA < 1%
Graphite 15 Mg/m3 use respirator 3%
Steel None Established OSHA 39%

7. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Boiling Point - Not Applicable Melting Point - Not applicable
Vapor Pressure - 2 mm Hg at 68F Vapor Density - Not applicable
Specific Gravity - 1.170 - 1.250 (electrolyte) Evaporation Rate - Not Determined
Solubility in Water - Electrolyte solution is completely soluble. Remainder - is insoluble

8. SPILL MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES

Electrolyte Solution Spills
Small electrolyte solution spills (up to 5 gallons): Flush with water and neutralize with dilute citric acid.
Large spills: Contain material in suitable containers or holding area. DO NOT allow material to enter sewers, streams, or storm
conduits. Recover material with vacuum truck and dispose of properly.
Reportable Quantity: 1000 pounds. 40 CFR-117.13.

9. DISPOSAL INFORMATION
Nickel-cadmium storage batteries are universal waste under RCRA. It may be returned to SAFT for recycling.
Battery is TCLP Toxic. These batteries and the electrolyte solution they contain are considered to be corrosives. If not recycled, they
must be disposed of in accordance with all federal, state, and local hazardous waste regulations.

10. PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS

These batteries may be highly charged and are capable of high energy discharge. Care should be taken to handle them properly to
avoid shorting or misuse that will result in a rapid, uncontrolled electrical, chemical, or heat energy release.
Do not transport activated batteries without vent caps in place.
When removing battery from service, visually inspect for leakage prior to handling. If leakage has occurred follow Spill Management
Procedures.
Do not allow an exposed flame or spark to come near the cells.

11. EPCRA REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

Section 313 Supplier Notification This product contains the following EPCRA Section 313 chemicals subject to the reporting
requirements of Section 313 if the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act of 1986 (40 CFR 372):
CAS # Chemical Name Percent by Weight
7440-43-9 Cadmium 8%
7440-02-0 Nickel 9%
7440-48-4 Cobalt 0.2%
A copy of this MSDS may be required to be filed with local emergency planning commissions, state emergency response commissions,
and local fire department in accordance with sections of the Emergency Planning and Community right-To-Know Act.

2 MS-N96-s Data MSDS SAFT.rtf

 MSDS Number: MS-N96-s

12. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION

Batteries being forwarded or being returned to Saft for repair should be shipped as Hazardous Material using the following description:
Batteries, Wet, Filled with Alkali, 8 UN2795, PG III.
Spent batteries being sent to Saft for recycling should be shipped as Universal Waste using the following description:
Used Batteries, Wet, Filled with Alkali, 8 UN2795, PG III.

Revision Date: 01/07/05

Disclaimer: This information has been complied for sources considered to be dependable and is, to the best of our knowledge and belief, accurate and reliable as of the dated compiled.
However, no representation, warranty (either expressed or implied) or guarantee is made to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the information contained herein. This
information relates to the specific material designated and may not be valid for such material used in combination with any other materials or in any process. It is the users responsibility
to satisfy himself as to the suitability and completeness of this information for his own particular use. We do not accept liability for any loss or damage that may occur, whether direct,
indirect, incidental or consequential, from the use of this information nor do we offer warranty against patent infringement. Additional information is available by calling the telephone
number above designated for this purpose.

3 MS-N96-s Data MSDS SAFT.rtf

(This page intentionally left blank)

Ultima Ni-Cd batteries
Type SLM
Installation and operating instructions
Important recommendations
Never allow an exposed flame or
spark near the batteries,
particularly while charging.
Never smoke while performing
any operation on the battery.
For protection, wear rubber
gloves, long sleeves, and
appropriate splash goggles
or face shield.
The electrolyte is harmful to skin
and eyes. In the event of contact
with skin or eyes, wash
immediately with plenty of water.
If eyes are affected, flush with
water, and obtain immediate
medical attention.
Remove all rings, watches and
other items with metal parts
before working on the battery.
Use insulated tools.
Avoid static electricity and take
measures for protection against
electric shocks.
Discharge any possible static
electricity from clothing
and/or tools by touching an
earth-connected part "ground"
before working on the battery.
1. Receiving the shipment
Unpack the battery immediately
upon arrival. Do not overturn the
package.
Check the packages and cells for
transport damage.
The battery is shipped filled and
charged, and is ready for immediate
use.
2. Storage
Store the battery indoors in a dry,
clean, cool location (0C to +30C /
+32F to +86F) and well ventilated
space on open shelves.
Storage of a filled battery at
temperatures above +30C (+86F)
can result in loss of capacity. This
can be as much as 5 % per 10C
(18F) above +30C (+86F) per year.
Do not store in direct sunlight or
expose to excessive heat.
Ultima batteries are supplied filled
with electrolyte and charged, they
can be stored in this condition for
maximum 12 months.
Never drain the electrolyte from the
cells.
When deliveries are made in
cardboard boxes, store without
opening the boxes.
When deliveries are made in
plywood boxes, open the boxes
before the storage. The lid and
the packing material on top of
the cells must be removed.
3. Installation
3.1. Location
Install the battery in a dry and clean
room. Avoid direct sunlight and heat.
The battery will give the best
performance and maximum service
life when the ambient temperature is
between +10C to +30C (+50F to
+86F).
3.2. Ventilation
During the last part of charging,
the battery is emitting gases (oxygen
and hydrogen mixture). At normal
float charge, the gas evolution is
very small but some ventilation is
necessary.
Note that special regulations for
ventilation may be valid in your
area depending on the application.
3.3. Mounting
Verify that cells are correctly
interconnected with the appropriate
polarity. The battery connection to
load should be with nickel plated
cable lugs.
Recommended torques for terminal
bolts are:
M 6 = 11 1.1 N.m
M 8 = 20 2 N.m
M 10 = 30 3 N.m
The connectors and terminals
should be corrosion-protected
by coating with a thin layer of
anti-corrosion oil.
3.4. Electrolyte
When checking the electrolyte levels,
a fluctuation in level between cells is
not abnormal and is due to the
different amounts of gas held in the
separators of each cell. The level
should be at least 15 mm above the
minimum level mark and there is
normally no need to adjust it.
June 2004
Do not open or remove the low
pressure vents.
4. Commissioning
Verify that the ventilation is
adequate during this operation.
4.1. Cells stored up to 6 months:
A commissioning charge is normally
not required and the cells are ready
for immediate use.
If full performances are necessary
immediately, a commissioning
charge as mentionned in
section 4.2. is recommended.
4.2. Cells stored more than
6 months and up to 1 year:
A commissioning charge is
necessary:
Constant current charge:
16 h at 0.1 C5 A maximum
(see the current in Table A)
Constant potential charge:
1.65 V/cell for a maximum of
30 h with current limited to
0.1 C5 A (see the current
in Table A).
If these methods are not available,
then charging may be carried out
at lower voltages, 1.50 V/cell for
72 hours minimum.
5. Charging in service
The recommended charging voltages
for continuous parallel operation, with
occasional battery discharges, are:
for two level charge:
float level:
1.42 0.01 V/cell
high level:
1.45 0.01 V/cell
for single level charge:
1.42 0.01 V/cell
For use at temperatures outside
the range of +15C to +25C
(+59F to +77F), the correcting
factor for charge voltage is
3 mV/C/cell ( 1.7 mV/F/cell).
Ultima Ni-Cd batteries
6. Periodic Maintenance Table A:
Ultima is an ultra low maintenance
Capacity Charging current Cell connection
battery and requires the minimum Cell type
(Ah) 0.1 C5 A (A) bolt per pole
of maintenance. As a periodic
maintenance, the following is SLM 8 8 0.8 M6
recommended: SLM 16 16 1.6 M6
Keep the battery clean using only SLM 24 24 2.4 M6
water. Do not use a wire brush or SLM 32 32 3.2 M6
solvents of any kind. SLM 40 40 4.0 M6
Check visually the electrolyte level. SLM 48 48 4.8 M6
The topping-up is recommended SLM 71 71 7.1 M8
when the electrolyte level reaches SLM 95 95 9.5 M8
the minimum level mark but must SLM 119 119 11.9 M 10
be carried out before it reaches
SLM 142 142 14.2 M 10
the warning level. Use only distilled
or deionized water to top-up. SLM 166 166 16.6 2xM8
Experience will tell the time interval SLM 190 190 19.0 2xM8
between topping-up. SLM 238 238 23.8 2 x M 10
Note: There is no need to check SLM 285 285 28.5 2 x M 10
the electrolyte density periodically. SLM 357 357 35.7 3 x M 10
Interpretation of density
SLM 426 426 42.6 3 x M 10
measurements is difficult and
SLM 476 476 47.6 4 x M 10
could be misleading.
Check every two years that all
connectors are tight. The
connectors and terminal bolts
should be corrosion-protected
by coating with a thin layer of
anti-corrosion oil.
Check the charging voltage. In
parallel operation, it is of great
importance that the recommended
charging voltage remains
unchanged. The charging voltage
should be checked at least once
yearly. High water consumption
of the battery is usually caused
by improper voltage setting of
the charger.

7. Environment
To protect the environment all used
batteries must be recycled.
Contact your local Saft representative
for further information.

Saft
Industrial Battery Group Doc N 21136.2 - 0604
12, rue Sadi Carnot Data in this document is subject to change without
93170 Bagnolet - France notice and becomes contractual only after written
confirmation.
Tel: +33 1 49 93 19 18
Socit anonyme au capital de 31 944 000
Fax: +33 1 49 93 19 64 RCS Bobigny B 383 703 873
www.saftbatteries.com Pragma - Printed in France - 2k