Ensayo Experimento de Michelson y Morley

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PAULA ANDREA VELEZ

BOGOTA D.C. AGOSTO 21 DE 2016

Ensayo Experimento de Michelson y Morley

EXPERIMENT OF MICHELSON AND MORLEY

The experiment of Michelson and Morley arises at the end of the 19th century, where the diverse
images of the ether that the scientists constructed were managing to justify different physical
phenomena, since it is the case of the hypothesis of partial dragging which was explaining the
stellar aberration and the electromagnetic ether as support of the optical and electromagnetic
phenomena. The physicist Michelson I realize his first experiment in the year of 1881, which
consisted of measuring the speed of the land with regard to the ether with base in the calculations
of the times registered by two beams of light combine that were interfered instead of an alone
path as he was considering her to be Maxwell.

In the graph of interference presented by Michelson a consideration had since the effect of the
ether on the land that I present, It received critiques on the part of Lorentz and other scientists,
For motives that the experiment had extreme sensibility of the instrument (for the external
vibrations), Apart the theoretical mistakes raised by Potier in the year of 1881 it was overlook the
influence of the movement of the land in the vertical path that caused Michelson was repeating
his experiment with Morley in the year of 1887.

The experiment provided a clear proof that no ether exists and that the speed of the light is
constant independently of the movement of the source "(COUGHLAN y DODD, 1991, p. 9 en [1]
[2],).

According to research of the scientists who did not realize this experiment, one concludes that
there is no existence of the ether. Nevertheless, this itself was what he led to that it was one of
the most important experiments, since with these results they allowed to verify that the above
mentioned ether might not exist and one raised that the light might travel in the emptiness
without any way. This derived in the Theory of Einsteins Special Relativity, which imposed not
existence of the above mentioned ether.
Ensayo Experimento de Michelson y Morley

EXPERIMENTO DE MICHELSON Y MORLEY

El experimento de Michelson y Morley surge a finales del siglo XIX, donde las diversas
imgenes del ter que los cientficos construyeron lograban justificar diferentes fenmenos
fsicos, como es el caso de la hiptesis de arrastre parcial la cual explicaba la aberracin estelar y
el ter electromagntico como soporte de los fenmenos pticos y electromagnticos. El fsico
Michelson realizo su primer experimento en el ao de 1881, que consisti en medir la velocidad
de la tierra respecto al ter con base en los clculos de los tiempos registrados por dos haces de
luz que se interferan en lugar de una sola trayectoria como la consideraba Maxwell.

En el diagrama de interferencia presentado por Michelson tuvo una consideracin ya que el

efecto del ter sobre la tierra que el presento, recibi crticas por parte de Lorentz y otros
cientficos, por motivos que el experimento tenia extremada sensibilidad del instrumento (por las
vibraciones externas), aparte los errores tericos planteados por Potier en el ao de 1881 el cual
fue pasar por alto la influencia del movimiento de la tierra en el sendero vertical ocasiono que
Michelson repitiera su experimento con Morley en el ao de 1887.

El experimento proporcion una clara prueba de que no existe ningn ter y de que la
velocidad de la luz es constante independientemente del movimiento de la fuente (COUGHLAN
y DODD, 1991, p. 9 en [1] [2],).

De acuerdo a las investigaciones de los cientficos que no realizaron este experimento, se

concluye que no hay existencia del ter. Sin embargo, esto mismo fue lo que condujo a que fuera
uno de los ms importantes experimentos, ya que con estos resultados permitieron comprobar
que dicho ter podra no existir y se plante que la luz podra viajar en el vaco sin ningn medio.
Ensayo Experimento de Michelson y Morley

Lo cual deriv en la Teora de la Relatividad Especial de Einstein, que impuso la no existencia de

dicho ter.

Bibliografa

[1]G. &. D. J. Coughlan, The ideas of particle physics: an introduction for sc, University
Press, 1991.

[2] A. Cassini y L. Levinas, La reinterpretacin radical del experimento de

Michelson-Morley por la relatividad especial, buenos aires: Universidad de
Buenos Aires-CONICET, 2005.

[3] D. L. A. Carolina, El experimento de Michelson y Morley, Bogota, 2011.

Ensayo Experimento de Michelson y Morley