Aui-Nas 92

UTOMATIC
YNAMIC
NCREMENTAL
ONLINEAR
NALYSIS
Nastran Interface
ADINA 9.2 December 2015
ADINA R & D, Inc.

ADINA System 9.2
Nastran Interface
December 2015
ADINA R & D, Inc.

71 Elton Avenue
Watertown, MA 02472 USA
tel: (617) 926-5199

fax: (617) 926-0238
www.adina.com
Notices
ADINA R & D, Inc. owns both this software program system and its documentation. Both the program
system and the documentation are copyrighted with all rights reserved by
ADINA R & D, Inc.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
ADINA is a registered trademark of K.J. Bathe / ADINA R & D, Inc.
All other product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
Copyright Notice
ADINA R & D, Inc. 2015

December 2015 Printing
Printed in the USA
Introduction
ADINA-AUI Nastran Interface 1-1
Introduction
The nonlinear structural analysis capability in ADINA is used as the advanced

nonlinear solution (SOL 601 and SOL 701) in NX Nastran. Hence, the support of
Nastran input in ADINA-AUI follows very closely to what is available for Solution
601 and 701 in NX Nastran.
Once the Nastran model is imported into the AUI, the model may be modified as
necessary using the tools in the AUI.
An overview of the Case Control commands and Bulk Data entries supported is
given in this chapter. Then, where restrictions or extensions of a command or entry
are applicable, they are listed in the remarks for each command or entry. Note that
you should refer to the Nastran Quick Reference Guide for the usage of each
command or entry.
The following Nastran Case Control commands are supported by ADINA-AUI.
ACCELERATION EBDSET SHELLTHK

ANALYSIS* FLUX* SPC
B2GG* K2GG* SPCFORCES
BCRESULTS M2GG* STRESS
BCSET MPC SUBCASE
BGRESULTS* GKRESULTS* TEMPERATURE
BGSET GPFORCE* THERMAL*
BOLTLD* IC TITLE
DISPLACEMENT LOAD TSTEP
DLOAD OLOAD VELOCITY
DTEMP SET
* not for explicit analysis (SOL 701)
Remarks:
1. Only one subcase is used for SOL 601,106 (statics), SOL 601,129 (implicit
dynamics) and SOL 701 (explicit). If multiple subcases exist, the first
subcase is used. Two subcases (first two subcases) are required for thermo-
mechanical coupling analyses (SOL 601,153 and SOL 601,159).
2. LOAD selects constant loads while DLOAD selects time-dependent loads.

Both LOAD and DLOAD can be specified for static or transient analysis.
3. Remarks are given for certain commands to explain the restriction and
extension for using the commands in ADINA. In general, the full
description of a command is not provided and you may need to refer to the
NX Nastran Quick Reference Guide for more details.
The following Nastran Bulk Data entries are supported by ADINA-AUI.
BCPROP CORD2C FORCE2 MOMENT1 PSHELL

BCPROPS CORD2R GRAV MOMENT2 PSOLID
BCRPARA CORD2S GRID MPC QHBDY*
BCTPARA CPENTA GROUP MPCADD QBDY1*
BCTADD CPLSTN3* LOAD NXSTRAT QBDY2*
BCTSET CPLSTN4* MAT1 PARAM QBDY3*
BDYOR* CPLSTN6* MAT2 PBAR QVOL*
BEDGE* CPLSTN8* MAT3* PBARL RADBC*
BFLUID* CPLSTS3* MAT4* PBCOMP RADM*
BGSET* CPLSTS4* MAT5* PBEAM RADMT*
BLSEG* CPLSTS6* MAT8 PBEAML RBAR
BOLT* CPLSTS8* MAT9 PBUSH* RBE2
BOLTFOR* CPYRAM MAT10* PBUSH1D RBE3
BSURF CQUAD* MAT11 PBUSHT* RFORCE
BSURFS CQUAD4 MATCID PCOMP* RFORCE1
CBAR CQUAD8* MATCRP* PCOMPG* SPC
CBEAM CQUADR* MATG* PCONV* SPC1
CBUSH* CQUADX* MATHE PDAMP SPCADD
CBUSH1D CQUADX4* MATHEM* PELAS SPCD
CDAMP1 CQUADX8* MATHEV* PELAST TABLED1
CDAMP2 CREEP* MATHP PGAP TABLED2
CELAS1 CROD MATPLCY PLCYISO TABLEM1
CELAS2 CTETRA MATS1 PLCYKIN TABLES1
CHBDYE* CTRAX3* MATSMA* PLCYRUP TABLEST
CHBDYG* CTRAX6* MATSR PLOAD TABVE*
CGAP CTRIA3 MATT1 PLOAD1 TEMP
CHEXA CTRIA6* MATT2 PLOAD2 TEMPBC*
CMASS1 CTRIAR* MATT3* PLOAD4 TEMPD
CMASS2 CTRIAX* MATT4* PLOADE1* TIC
CONM1 DLOAD MATT5* PLOADX1* TLOAD1
CONM2 DMIG* MATT8 PLPLANE* TMCPARA*
CONROD DTEMP MATT9 PLSOLID TSTEP
CONV* EBDSET MATT11 PMASS
CORD1C EBDADD MATTC* PPLANE*
CORD1R FORCE MATVE* PROD
CORD1S FORCE1 MOMENT PSHL3D
* not for explicit analysis (SOL 701)
Remarks:
1. Not all parameters in each bulk data entry are used. Restrictions are given in
the remarks for the entry. In general, the full description of an entry is not
provided and you may need to refer to the NX Nastran Quick Reference
Guide for more details.
2. For PARAM entry, SOLs 601 and 701 support parameters LGDISP,
LGSTRN and ALPHA1. In addition SOL 601 supports parameters
ALPHA2, TABS, SIGMA, CB2, CK2, and CM2.
Case Control Commands
Case Control Commands
This chapter lists the restrictions or extensions to the Nastran Case Control
commands that are supported by ADINA-AUI.
PUNCH output and SORT2 format are both not supported for all output requests.
ACCELERATION Acceleration Output Request
Format:
ACCELERATION=ALL, n or NONE
Remarks:
1. Output is restricted to SORT1 and REAL format. SORT2, IMAG, PHASE,
PSDF, ATOC and RALL are ignored.
2. Displacements, velocities and accelerations must be output for the same set
of grid points if requested. Output requested for set n in this command will
be combined with the sets requested in the VELOCITY and
DISPLACEMENT commands, and accelerations will be output at the grid
points of the combined set.
ANALYSIS Analysis Discipline Subcase Assignment
Format:
ANALYSIS=type
Remarks:
1. ANALYSIS=STRUC and ANALYSIS=HEAT are supported for SOL
601,153 and SOL 601,159.
2. For SOL 601,153 and SOL 601,159, two subcases are required, one with
ANALYSIS=HEAT and one with ANALYSIS=STRUC (default). If the
first two subcases do not satisfy the above, the program will issue error and
exit. The parameter COUP in TMCPARA bulk entry is used to specify the
type of coupling between the structural and heat transfer analysis.
B2GG Direct Input Damping Matrix Selection
Selects direct input damping matrices
Format:
B2GG = name
Example:
B2GG=BDMIG
B2GG=1.25*DAMP1, 1.75*DAMP2
Describers Meaning
name Name of matrix as input on the DMIG Bulk Data entry. Scale
factors may be specified for the matrix using PARAM,CB2
entry.
BCRESULTS Contact Result Output Request
Requests the form and type of contact result output in the Nastran op2 file
Format:
BCRESULTS(TRACTION, FORCE,SEPDIS) = ALL or NONE
Examples:
BCRESULTS=ALL
BCRESULTS(TRACTION,FORCE)=ALL
Describers Meaning
TRACTION Contact pressure (scalar) and in-plane contact tractions (vector
in basic coordinate system) are output for each contact grid point
on the source (contactor) region.
FORCE Contact force vector is output for each contact grid point.
SEPDIS Contact separation distance (gap) is output for each contact grid
point on the source (contactor) region.
BCSET Contact Set Selection
Selects the contact set for the analysis
Format:
BCSET=n
Example:
BCSET=5
Describers Meaning
n Contact set identification of a BCTSET or BCTADD Bulk Data
entry. (Integer>0)
Remarks:
1. BCSET references a BCTSET Bulk Data entry if there is only one contact
set. When multiple contact sets are used, BCSET must reference a
BCTADD Bulk Data entry.
BGRESULTS Glue Result Output Request
Requests glue force result output in the Nastran op2 file
Format:
BGRESULTS(FORCE) = ALL, n or NONE
Examples:
BGRESULTS=ALL
Remarks:
1. Glue force is output for each glue grid point requested. Glue traction output
is not supported.
BGSET Glue Mesh Set Selection
Selects the glue mesh set for the analysis
Format:
BGSET=n
Example:
BGSET=2
Describers Meaning
n Glue mesh set identification of a BGSET Bulk Data entry.
(Integer>0)
BOLTLD Bolt Preload Set Selection
Selects the bolt preload set.
Format:
BOLTLD=n
Example:
BOLTLD=5
Describers Meaning
n Bolt preload set identification of one or several BOLTFOR Bulk
Data entries. (Integer>0)
DISPLACEMENT Displacement Output Request
Format:
DISPLACEMENT= ALL, n or NONE
Remarks:
be combined with the sets requested in the VELOCITY and
ACCELERATION commands, and displacements will be output at the grid
DLOAD Time-Dependent Load Set Selection
Selects a time-dependent load
Format:
DLOAD=n
Example:
DLOAD=18
Describers Meaning
n Set identification of a DLOAD or TLOAD1 Bulk Data entry.
(Integer>0)
Remarks:
1. DLOAD may be used in a static or transient analysis.
2. Both the DLOAD and LOAD Case Control commands can be specified in
an analysis. DLOAD is used to select time-dependent loads and LOAD is
used to select constant loads.
DTEMP Time-Assigned Temperature Set Selection
Selects a time-assigned temperature set to be used for temperature dependent

material properties and thermal loading.
Format:
DTEMP=n
Example:
DTEMP=18
Describers Meaning
n Set identification of a DTEMP Bulk Data entry. DTEMPEX
bulk entry is not supported. (Integer>0)
Remarks:
1. DTEMP cannot be used with temperature loading from
TEMPERATURE(LOAD) or DLOAD.
EBDSET Element Birth/Death Set Selection
Selects the element birth/death set.
Format:
EBDSET=n
Example:
EBDSET=10
Describers Meaning
n Element birth/death set identification of an EBDSET or
EBDADD Bulk Data entry. (Integer>0)
FLUX Heat Transfer Gradient and Flux Output Request
Format:
FLUX= ALL, n or NONE
Remarks:
1. FLUX output request is supported for heat transfer analysis in SOL 601,153
and SOL 601,159.
2. Output for CHBDY type elements is not supported.

GKRESULTS Gasket Result Output Request
Requests the form and type of gasket result output in the Nastran op2 file
Format:
GKRESULTS = ALL or NONE
Examples:
GKRESULTS=ALL
Describers Meaning
ALL Gasket results will be output for all gasket elements.
NONE Gasket results will not be output.
Remarks:
1. Gasket results consist of gasket pressure, gasket closure, plastic gasket
closure, gasket yield stress, and gasket status.
GPFORCE Grid Point Force Output Request
Requests grid point force balance in the Nastran op2 file
Format:
GPFORCE = ALL, n or NONE
Examples:
GPFORCE=ALL
GPFORCE=17
K2GG Direct Input Stiffness Matrix Selection
Selects direct input stiffness matrices
Format:
K2GG = name
Example:
K2GG=KDMIG
K2GG=1.25*STIF1, 1.75*STIF2
Describers Meaning
factors may be specified for the matrix using PARAM,CK2
entry.
LOAD Constant Load Set Selection
Selects a constant load.
Format:
LOAD=n
Example:
LOAD=1
Describers Meaning
n Set identification of at least one external load Bulk Data entry.
The set identification must appear on at least one FORCE,
FORCE1, FORCE2, GRAV, MOMENT, MOMENT1,
MOMENT2, LOAD, PLOAD, PLOAD1, PLOAD2, PLOAD4,
PLOADX1, RFORCE, or SPCD entry. (Integer>0)
Remarks:
1. LOAD may be used in a static or transient analysis.
2. Both DLOAD and LOAD case control commands can be specified in an

analysis. DLOAD is used to select time-dependent loads and LOAD is used
to select constant loads.
M2GG Direct Input Mass Matrix Selection
Selects direct input mass matrices
Format:
M2GG = name
Example:
M2GG=MDMIG
M2GG=1.25*MASS1, 1.75*MASS2
Describers Meaning
factors may be specified for the matrix using PARAM,CM2
entry.
OLOAD Applied Load Output Request
Requests applied load vector output in the Nastran op2 file
Format:
OLOAD = ALL, n or NONE
Examples:
OLOAD=ALL
OLOAD=10
SHELLTHK Shell Thickness Output Request
Requests the form of shell thickness output.
Format:
SHELLTHK = ALL or NONE
Example:
SHELLTHK=ALL
Describers Meaning
ALL Shell thickness results will be output for all applicable shell
elements. See remark 1.
NONE Shell thickness results will not be output.
Remarks:
1. Shell thickness results are output only for large strain analysis, i.e.,
PARAM, LGSTRN, 1. Note that large strain formulation is not available for
8-node shell elements. However, by specifying ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT
entry, 8-node shell elements will be converted to 9-node shell elements
which support large strain.
2. Large strain shell elements require the use of an elastic-plastic material

through the MATS1 entry with TYPE=PLASTIC. In MATS1 entry, either
TID must be specified to define a multilinear plastic material or H and
LIMIT1 must be specified to define a bilinear plastic material for the shell
elements.
3. Shell thickness results are output at nodes on elements.

SPCFORCES Single-Point Forces of Constraint Output Request
Format:
SPCFORCES= ALL, n or NONE
Remarks:
2. SPCFORCES is not supported for SOLs 601,153 and 601,159.

STRESS Element Stress Output Request
Format:
STRESS= ALL, n or NONE
Remarks:
1. Output is restricted to SORT1 and REAL format and CENTER or
CORNER for CQUAD4 element stresses. SORT2, IMAG, PHASE,
CUBIC, SGAGE, PSDF, ATOC and RALL are ignored.
2. The same request is used for element strain output in both linear and
nonlinear analysis, i.e., the STRAIN command is ignored for linear
analysis.
SUBCASE Subcase Delimiter
Remarks:
1. Only one subcase is allowed except for SOL 601,153 and SOL 601,159 that
requires two subcases.
2. For solutions that allow only one subcase, if more than one subcase is
specified, the first subcase is used. If no subcase is specified, all loads,
boundary conditions, and constraints are used.
TEMPERATURE Temperature Set Selection
Format:
TEMPERATURE(INITIAL,LOAD)=n
Remarks:
1. TEMPERATURE(MATERIAL) is ignored. TEMPERATURE(BOTH) has
the same effect as TEMPERATURE(LOAD).
2. n should reference the set identification number of the TEMP or TEMPD

Bulk Data entry only.
3. Temperature loads can be used in both static and transient analysis.
4. If TEMPERATURE(INITIAL) is not specified, then initial temperatures are

assumed to be zero. If TEMPERATURE(LOAD) is not specified, it defaults
to TEMPERATURE(INITIAL).
5. TEMPERATURE(LOAD) is used to select a constant temperature load. For

time-dependent temperature load, the DTEMP case control command or
DLOAD command is used instead. A model can have temperature loading
defined by TEMPERATURE(LOAD) or DTEMP or DLOAD.
6. Note that for SOL 601,153 and SOL 601,159, TEMPERATURE case
control is used to select initial temperature only. Temperature loading is
selected using LOAD or DLOAD case control. In addition, temperature
load is specified by SPC or TEMPBC bulk entry.
THERMAL Temperature Output Request
Format:
THERMAL = ALL, n or NONE
Remarks:
1. THERMAL output request is supported for heat transfer analysis in SOL
601,153 and SOL 601,159.
TSTEP Time Step Set Selection
Selects time stepping for advanced nonlinear analysis.
Format:
TSTEP=n
Example:
TSTEP=10
Describers Meaning
n Set identification of a TSTEP Bulk Data entry. (Integer>0)
Remarks:
1. TSTEP selects the solution time steps for a static or transient analysis.
VELOCITY Velocity Output Request
Format:
VELOCITY= ALL, n or NONE
Remarks:
be combined with the sets requested in the DISPLACEMENT and
ACCELERATION commands, and velocities will be output at the grid
Parameters
Parameters
Only the following parameters are supported.
Parameter Description
LGDISP LGDISP = +1 or -1 only.
Deformation dependent loading is controlled by the LOADOPT
parameter in the NXSTRAT Bulk Data entry.
LGSTRN Default = 0
If LGSTRN = 0, small strains are assumed.
If LGSTRN = 1, large strains, displacements and rotations are

assumed (i.e. LGDISP is automatically set to 1).
ALPHA1, Rayleigh damping factors. ALPHA2 is not used for SOL 701
ALPHA2 analysis.
CB2, CK2, Scale factors for direct matrix input of damping, stiffness and mass
CM2 via B2GG, K2GG, and M2GG case control command.
TABS For SOLs 601,153 and 601,159, the value of TABS must be 0.0
(absolute temperature), 273.15 (Celsius) or 459.67 (Fahrenheit).
SIGMA Stefan-Boltzmann constant used in SOLs 601.153 and 601,159.
Bulk Data Entries
Bulk Data Entries
This chapter lists the restrictions or extensions to the Nastran Bulk Data Entries that
are supported by ADINA-AUI.
Fields in a Bulk Data Entry that are ignored are grayed out.
BCPROP 3D Contact or Glue Region Definition by Property ID
Defines a 3D contact or glue region by property IDs of shell elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BCPROP ID IP1 IP2 IP3 IP4 IP5 IP6 IP7
IP8 IP9 IP10 -etc.-
Example:
BCPROP 3 1 5 8 3 22
Field Contents
ID Identification number of a contact or glue region. See Remark 2 and
3. (Integer > 0)
IPi Property ID of shell elements. (Integer > 0)
Remarks:
1. The continuation field is optional.
2. BCPROP is a collection of one or more shell property IDs. BCPROP

defines a contact region that may act as a source (contactor) or target.
3. The ID must be unique with respect to all other BEDGE, BLSEG, BSURF,
BSURFS, BCPROP and BCPROPS entries. ID must be less than 100000.
BCPROPS 3D Contact or Glue Region Definition by Property ID
Defines a 3D contact or glue region by property ID of 3D solid elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BCPROPS ID IP1 IP2 IP3 IP4 IP5 IP6 IP7
IP8 IP9 IP10 -etc.-
Example:
BCPROPS 3 1 5 8
Field Contents
ID Identification number of a contact or glue region. (Integer > 0)
IPi Property ID of 3D solid elements. (Integer > 0)
Remarks:
2. BCPROPS is a collection of one or more solid property IDs. BCPROPS

defines a contact or glue region formed by the free faces of the solid
elements and may act as a source or target.
BCRPARA Contact Region Parameters
Defines parameters for a contact region (surface).
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BCRPARA CRID SURF OFFSET TYPE MGP
Example:
BCRPARA 1 TOP 0.02
Field Contents
CRID Contact region ID. (Integer > 0)
SURF Indicates the contact side. See Remarks 1 and 2. (Character =
TOP or BOT, Default = TOP)
OFFSET Offset distance for the contact region. See Remark 2. (Real >= 0.0,
Default = OFFSET value in BCTPARA entry)
TYPE Indicates whether a 3D contact region is a rigid (target) surface or is
a shell coating on solid elements. See Remarks 4 to 8. (Character =
FLEX, RIGID, or COATING. Default = FLEX).
MGP Master grid point for a target contact region with TYPE=RIGID or
when the rigid-target algorithm is used. The master grid point may
be used to control the motion of a rigid surface. (Integer >= 0,
Default = 0)
Remarks:
1. For a 3D contact region, SURF is applicable only for a single-sided contact
region defined on shell elements (i.e., using BSURF or BCPROP) and is
used as a target region. For a contact region defined on 3D solid element
faces (i.e., using BSURFS or BCPROPS), the contact side is automatically
determined by the program. For a contact region used as a source region
(contactor), it does not matter which is the contact side.
2. For a 2D contact region, SURF is only applicable to a rigid target region.

For a 2D flexible contact region (i.e., one with underlying 2D elements), the
contact side is automatically determined by the program.
3. OFFSET is only applicable when the rigid target algorithm is not selected.
(i.e., TYPE or XTYPE = 0 or 1 in the BCTPARA entry).
4. TYPE is only applicable for a 3D contact region defined on shell elements

(i.e., using BSURF or BCPROP).
5. TYPE=RIGID is ignored if the contact region is used as a source region.
6. TYPE=RIGID is ignored if rigid target algorithm is selected (i.e., TYPE

= 2 (SOL 601) or XTYPE = 3 (SOL 701) in BCTPARA command) since
any contact region used as a target region is automatically set as rigid.
7. A 3D rigid target surface must be defined on shell elements, i.e., using

BSURF or BCPROP.
8. TYPE=COATING should only be specified for a contact region defined

on shell elements (i.e., using BSURF or BCPROP), coated on solid
elements. The contact region will be transferred onto the solid element faces
and the shell elements will be deleted. If there are no underlying solid
elements, an error message will be issued.
9. A contact region is specified as a target or source region in the BCTSET

entry.
BCTADD Contact Set (Group) Combination
Defines a contact set as a union of contact sets defined on BCTSET entries.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BCTADD CSID S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
S8 S9 -etc.-
Example:
BCTADD 12 1 3 6 5 9
Field Contents
CSID Contact set identification number. (Integer > 0)
Si Identification numbers of contact sets defined via BCTSET entries.
(Integer > 0)
Remarks:
1. To include several contact sets defined via BCTSET entries in a model,
BCTADD must be used to combine the contact sets. CSID in BCTADD is
then selected with the Case Control command BCSET.
2. Si must be unique and may not be the identification of this or any other
BCTADD entry.
BCTPARA Contact Set (Group) Parameters (SOL 601/701)
Defines parameters for a contact set (group).
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BCTPARA CSID Param1 Value1 Param2 Value2 Param3 Value3
Param4 Value4 Param5 Value5 -etc.-
Example:
BCTPARA 2 EPSN 1.0E-10 TZPENE 0.1 CSTIFF 1
Field Contents
CSID Contact set ID. Parameters defined in this command apply to contact
set CSID defined by a BCTSET entry. (Integer > 0)
PARAMi Name of the BCTPARA parameter. Allowable names are given in
the table below. (Character)
VALUEi Value of the parameter. See table below. (Real or integer)
BCTPARA Parameter Table for Implicit Analysis
Name Description
General Parameters
TYPE Selects the type of contact algorithm. TYPE = 2 is not applicable for
2D contact. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Constraint function algorithm is used
1 Segment method algorithm is used
2 Rigid target algorithm is used
NSIDE Flags single or double-sided contact. NSIDE is not applicable for
1 Contact surfaces are single-sided
2 Contact surfaces are double-sided
Name Description
TBIRTH Birth time for contact set. (Real; Default = 0.0)

TDEATH Death time for contact set. (Real; Default = 0.0) If TDEATH
TBIRTH, it is ignored.
INIPENE Flags how initial penetrations or gaps are handled. (Integer; Default
= 0)
0 Initial penetrations are eliminated.
1 Initial penetrations are eliminated and the list of penetrating
nodes is printed.
2 Initial penetrations are ignored. In successive steps, each
contactor node is allowed to penetrate the target up to its initial
penetration.
3 Initial penetrations or gaps are overridden by GAPVAL. This
option is not available for rigid target algorithm (TYPE = 2).
GAPVAL Specifies a constant gap distance between the source region
(contactor) and the target region when INIPENE = 3. Negative
GAPVAL means initial penetrations, which will be eliminated.
(Real, Default = 0.0)
PDEPTH Penetration depth for single-sided contact (i.e. NSIDE = 1). (Real;
Default = 0.0)
If PDEPTH > 0.0, then penetration is detected when penetration
PDEPTH, and if penetration > PDEPTH, penetration is deemed not
to occur.
SEGNORM Indicates whether a continuous (interpolated) contact segment
normal is used for the contact surfaces. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 SEGNORM = 1 if NSIDE = 1, SEGNORM = -1 if NSIDE = 2
1 Continuous segment normal is used
-1 Continuous segment normal is not used
OFFTYPE Type of offset for contact regions. OFFTYPE is not applicable for
0 Use offset value specified by OFFSET for single-sided contact
only (i.e., NSIDE = 1). Use offset of 0.001 for double-sided contact
(i.e., NSIDE = 2).
1 Use specified offset value for either single- or double-sided
contact.
2 Half the shell thickness is used for contact regions on shell
elements and no offset is used otherwise.
Name Description
OFFSET Default offset distance for contact regions. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Note:
For contact algorithm TYPE = 0 or 1, individual offset distances can
be specified for each contact region using the BCRPARA entry to
override the default offset distance specified here.
Standard contact algorithm (TYPE = 0 or 1)

DISP Selects the displacement formulation used for this contact set.
(Integer; Default = 0)
0 Use the default formulation selected by CTDISP in NXSTRAT
entry
1 Use small displacement formulation (contact conditions are not
updated)
2 Use large displacement formulation (contact conditions are
updated)
TZPENE Time to eliminate initial penetrations. (Real 0.0; Default = 0.0)
If TZPENE = 0.0 and INIPENE = 0 or 1, then the initial
penetrations are eliminated in the first time step. This may cause
convergence difficulties for certain problems. By using TZPENE >
0.0, the initial penetrations are eliminated gradually over time
TZPENE.
CSTIFF Indicates whether consistent contact stiffness is used. (Integer;
Default = 0)
0 Consistent contact stiffness is not used
1 Consistent contact stiffness is used
TIED Indicates whether contact regions in each contact pair are tied
together. Currently, tied contact option assumes small rotations of
the contact regions. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Not tied
1 Tied
TIEDTOL Tolerance used to determine whether contactor nodes are tied to the
target region when TIED = 1 is specified. A contactor node is tied to
its target region if the distance between them is less than or equal to
TIEDTOL. (Real; Default = 0.0)
EXTFAC Factor for extending contact surfaces beyond their boundaries. The
amount of extension is given by this factor multiplied by the length
of the contact segments. (1.0E-6 Real 0.1; Default = 0.001)
Name Description
FRICMOD Type of friction model (0 < Integer < 13; Default = 0). See Remark
1.
0 Constant coefficient of friction specified for each contact pair,
i.e. FRICi in BCTSET entry
1 Constant coefficient of friction specified by FPARA1
2 Friction model 1; uses FPARA1 and FPARA2
3 Friction model 2; uses FPARA1, FPARA2 and FPARA3
12 Modified friction model 1; uses FPARA1 and FPARA2
13 Modified friction model 2; uses FPARA1, FPARA2 and
FPARA3
4 Use different static and dynamic friction coefficients; uses
FPARA1, FPARA2 and FPARA3
5 Friction coefficient varies with sliding velocity; uses FPARA1,
FPARA2 and FPARA3
6 Anisotropic friction model; uses FPARA1, FPARA2, FPARA3,
FPARA4 and FPARA5
7 Friction coefficient varies with consistent contact force; uses
FPARA1 and FPARA2
8 Friction coefficient varies with time; uses FPARA1, FPARA2
and FPARA3
9 Friction coefficient varies with coordinate values; uses
FPARA1, FPARA2, FPARA3, FPARA4 and FPARA5
See Theory and Modeling Guide for description of friction models.

FPARA1 Friction parameter A1
FRICDLY Indicates whether the application of friction is delayed, i.e., friction
is applied on a node one time-step after the node comes into contact.
Delay of friction application may improve the convergence of the
solution. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 No delay
1 Delay
Constraint function contact algorithm (TYPE = 0)

Name Description
EPSN Parameter for normal constraint function, w. (Real; Default = 1.0E-

12)
EPST Parameter for frictional constraint function, v. (Real > 0.0; Default =
0.0)
CFACTOR1 Compliance factor. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Thermo-Mechanical Coupling (for TYPE=0 only)
TMCHHAT Contact heat transfer coefficient used for calculating the amount of
heat transfer between bodies in contact. (Real 0.0, Default = 0.0)
TMCFC Coefficient that specifies the proportion of heat generated due to
frictional contact going to the contactor body. (0.0 Real 1.0,
Default = 0.5, TMCFC + TMCFT 1.0)
TMCFT Coefficient that specifies the proportion of heat generated due to
frictional contact going to the target body. (0.0 Real 1.0, Default
= 0.5, TMCFC + TMCFT 1.0)
Rigid target algorithm (TYPE = 2) (3D Contact Only)
NCMOD Normal contact modulus. (Real; Default = 1.0E11)
TFORCE The maximum tensile contact force allowed for a converged
solution. (Real 0.0, Default = 0.001)
SLIDVEL The maximum sliding velocity used in modeling sticking friction.
When the velocity is smaller than SLIDVEL,
sticking is assumed; when the velocity is larger than SLIDVEL,
sliding is assumed. (Real > 0.0, Default = 1.0E-10)
OCHECK Specifies whether oscillation checking is performed and when it is
done. (Integer >= 0; Default = 5)
If OCHECK=0, no oscillation checking is performed. Otherwise,
oscillation checking is performed after equilibrium iteration
OCHECK. Oscillation checking consists of two checks:
a) If a contactor node oscillates between two neighboring target
segments during the equilibrium iterations, oscillation checking puts
the contactor node into contact with the boundary edge between the
target segments.
b) In analysis with friction, if the sliding velocity of a contactor
node oscillates during the equilibrium iterations, oscillation
checking puts the contactor node into sticking contact.
GAPBIAS Contact is detected when the distance between the target and
contactor (accounting for any offsets) is less than GAPBIAS. (Real;
Default = 0.0)
Name Description
OFFDET Selects the implementation of offsets. (Integer; Default = 0)

0 Program chooses the implementation based upon the shape of
the target surfaces; if a target surface is flat or convex, spheres are
used, otherwise, normals are used.
1 A sphere of radius equal to the offset is placed around each
contactor node, and contact is detected between the sphere and the
target surface.
2 Two surfaces are constructed for each contactor surface: an
upper surface and a lower surface. These surfaces are constructed
using the offsets and the averaged contactor normals. Contact is
then detected between points on the constructed contactor surfaces
and target surface.
BCTPARA Parameters for Explicit Analysis (3D Contact Only)
Name Description
General Parameters
XTYPE Selects the type of contact algorithm. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Kinematic constraint algorithm is used
1 Penalty algorithm is used
3 Rigid target algorithm is used
NSIDE Flags single or double-sided contact. (Integer; Default = 1)
1 Contact surfaces are single-sided
2 Contact surfaces are double-sided
TBIRTH Birth time for contact set. (Real; Default = 0.0)
TDEATH Death time for contact set. (Real; Default = 0.0) If TDEATH
TBIRTH, it is ignored.
INIPENE Flags how initial penetrations are handled. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Initial penetrations are eliminated.
1 Initial penetrations are eliminated and the list of penetrating
nodes is printed.
2 Initial penetrations are ignored. In successive steps, each
contactor node is allowed to penetrate the target up to its initial
penetration.
PDEPTH Penetration depth for single-sided contact (i.e. NSIDE = 1). (Real;
Default = 0.0)
If PDEPTH > 0.0, then penetration is detected when penetration
PDEPTH, and if penetration > PDEPTH, penetration is deemed not
to occur.
OFFTYPE Type of offset for contact regions. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Use offset value specified by OFFSET for single-sided contact
only (i.e., NSIDE = 1). Use offset of 0.001 for double-sided contact
(i.e., NSIDE = 2).
1 Use specified offset value for either single- or double-sided
contact.
2 Half the shell thickness is used for contact regions on shell
elements and no offset is used otherwise.
Name Description
OFFSET Default offset distance for contact regions. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Note:
For contact algorithm XTYPE = 0 or 1, individual offset distances
can be specified for each contact region using the BCRPARA entry
to override the default offset distance specified here.
Contact algorithm XTYPE = 0 or 1

TZPENE Time to eliminate initial penetrations. (Real 0.0; Default = 0.0)
If TZPENE = 0.0 and INIPENE = 0 or 1, then the initial
penetrations are eliminated in the first time step. This may cause
convergence difficulties for certain problems. By using TZPENE >
0.0, the initial penetrations are eliminated gradually over time
TZPENE.
EXTFAC Factor for extending contact surfaces beyond their boundaries. The
amount of extension is given by this factor multiplied by the length
of the contact segments. (1.0E-6 Real 0.1; Default = 0.001)
Penalty contact algorithm (XTYPE = 1)

XKNCRIT Selects the criterion for evaluation of normal penalty stiffness.
0 Program calculates the normal penalty stiffness
1 User specifies the normal penalty stiffness, XKN
XKN Specifies the normal penalty stiffness to be used when XKNCRIT =
1. (Real)
XKTCRIT Selects the criterion for evaluation of tangential penalty stiffness.
0 Program calculates the tangential penalty stiffness)
1 User specifies the tangential penalty stiffness, XKT
XKT Specifies the tangential penalty stiffness to be used when XKTCRIT
= 1. (Real)
Name Description
XDAMP Indicates whether damping is used when the penalty explicit contact
algorithm is used. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Damping is not used, i.e., XNDAMP parameter is ignored.
1 Damping is used and XNDAMP is a factor of the critical
damping, i.e., the damping coefficient is given by XNDAMP
multiplied by the critical damping. This is the recommended choice
if damping is used.
2 Damping is included and the damping coefficient is specified
directly by XNDAMP.
XNDAMP Specifies the relative or absolute damping coefficient (for normal
penalty stiffness) when the penalty explicit contact algorithm is used
and XDAMP = 1 or 2. (Real 0.0, Default = 0.1)
Rigid target algorithm (XTYPE = 3)

SLIDVEL The maximum sliding velocity used in modeling sticking friction.
When the velocity is smaller than SLIDVEL,
sticking is assumed; when the velocity is larger than SLIDVEL,
sliding is assumed. (Real > 0.0, Default = 1.0E-10)
GAPBIAS Contact is detected when the distance between the target and
contactor (accounting for any offsets) is less than GAPBIAS. (Real;
Default = 0.0)
OFFDET Selects the implementation of offsets. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Program chooses the implementation based upon the shape of
the target surfaces; if a target surface is flat or convex, spheres are
used, otherwise, normals are used.
1 A sphere of radius equal to the offset is placed around each
contactor node, and contact is detected between the sphere and the
target surface.
2 Two surfaces are constructed for each contactor surface: an
upper surface and a lower surface. These surfaces are constructed
using the offsets and the averaged contactor normals. Contact is
then detected between points on the constructed contactor surfaces
and target surface.
Remarks:
1. Multiple BCTPARA with the same CSID can be used. The parameters
specified in all BCTPARA with the same CSID will be combined and
assigned to the contact set.
2. If duplicate parameters are specified, the last parameter value will be used.
BCTSET Contact Set (Group) Definition
Defines the contact pairs of a 2D (SOL 601 only) or 3D contact set (group).
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BCTSET CSID SID1 TID1 FRIC1
SID2 TID2 FRIC2
-etc.-
Example:
BCTSET 4 3 2 0.0
1 8 0.0
Field Contents
CSID Contact set identification number. (Integer > 0)
SIDi Source region (contactor) identification number for contact pair i.
(Integer > 0)
TIDi Target region identification number for contact pair i. (Integer > 0)
FRICi Static coefficient of friction for contact pair i. (Real) (Default = 0.0)
Remarks:
1. SID and TID are contact regions defined via BCPROP, BCPROPS,
BSURF, or BSURFS entry for 3D contact and via BLSEG entry for 2D
contact.
2. SIDi can be equal to TIDi to define a self-contacting pair.
3. CSID is selected by Case Control command BCSET. If Case Control

command BCSET is not specified, the model will not include contact.
4. If there are several contact sets in a model, the contact sets defined by
BCTSET must be combined using BCTADD entry.
5. The parameters for a contact set are defined by the BCTPARA entry. The
main reason to have more than one contact set is when different parameters
need to be used for different contact sets.
6. If multiple BCTSET with the same CSID is specified, they will be

combined. If duplicate contact pairs are defined, the last one defined will be
used.
BDYOR CHBDYi Entry Default Values
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BDYOR TYPE IVIEWF IVIEWB RADMINFRADMINB PID GO
CE E1 E2 E3
Remarks:
1. Only TYPE, RADMINF and RADMINB are supported.
BEDGE 2D Glue or Contact Region Definition by 2D Solid Element Edge
Defines a 2D glue or contact region by edges of 2D solid elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BEDGE ID EID1 G1 G2 EID2 G1 G2
EID3 G1 G2 EID4 G1 G2
-etc.-
Example:
BEDGE 14 101 15 190 5 42 65

23 57 82 16 132 4
94 255 26 18 39 97
Field Contents
ID Identification number of a glue or contact region. (Integer > 0)
EIDi Element identification numbers of 2D solid elements. (Integer > 0)
G1 G2 Identification numbers of 2 corner grid points on the edge of the 2D
solid element. (Integer > 0)
Remarks:
2. The 2D solid elements referenced by BEDGE must be axisymmetric

elements CTRAXi, CQUADXi, plane strain elements CPLSTNi or plane
stress elements CPLSTSi.
3. The element edges specified in BEDGE do not need to be in a sequence.

However, all element edges in a BEDGE definition must form a contiguous
edge region except for the source region of a glue set.
BFLUID Fluid Boundary Definition (SOL 601,106 only)
Defines a fluid boundary by referencing BSURFS, BCPROPS or BEDGE entries.
Format:
BFLUID BID TYPE ID1 ID2 ID3 ID4 ID5 ID6
ID7 ID8 -etc-
Field Contents
BID Identification number of the fluid boundary. (Integer > 0)
TYPE Type of fluid boundary. See remarks 2 to 6. (Character: FLUID,
STRUC, FREE, RIGID)
IDn Boundary identification numbers defined in a BSURFS, BCPROPS
or BEDGE entry. (Integer > 0)
Remarks:
1. BID must be unique with respect to all other BFLUID entries.
2. TYPE=FLUID defines a fluid to fluid interface, TYPE=STRUC defines

a fluid to structure interface, TYPE=FREE defines a free surface
interface, and TYPE=RIGID defines a rigid wall.
3. Fluid-structure and fluid-fluid interfaces must have separate but compatible

meshes.
4. For TYPE=FLUID, both fluid boundary regions must be included in the

definition.
5. For TYPE=STRUC, only the fluid boundary region need to be included

in the definition. Note that the program can automatically detect fluid-
structure boundaries. Hence, the specification of fluid-structure boundaries
is optional.
6. A fluid boundary without any interface are treated as a rigid wall. Hence,
the specification of a rigid wall boundary is optional.
BGSET Glue Mesh Set Definition
Defines a glue mesh set.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BGSET GSID SID1 TID1 SDIST1 PEN EXT1
SID2 TID2 SDIST2 EXT2
-etc.-
Field Contents
GSID Glue set identification number. (Integer > 0)
SIDi Source region identification number for glue pair i. (Integer > 0)
TIDi Target region identification number for glue pair i. (Integer > 0)
EXTi Extension factor for target region i. The extension value is equal to
the extension factor multiplied by element edge length. (0.0 < Real
< 0.25) (Default = 0.01)
Remarks:
1. GSID is selected by BGSET Case Control command.
2. The search distance for detecting meshes to be glued is equal to the largest
element edge in the source and target region.
3. BGSET can only be used to glue 2D solid elements or 3D solid elements.

For 2D solid elements, source and target regions must be defined by
BEDGE entry. For 3D solid elements, source and target regions must be
defined by BSURFS or BCPROPS entry.
BLSEG Boundary Line Segments
Defines a 2D contact region.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BLSEG ID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7
G8 G9 -etc-
Alternate Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BLSEG ID G1 THRU G2 BY INC
G8 THRU G9 BY INC
Remarks:
2. BLSEG defines a flexible or rigid 2D contact region on axisymmetric

elements CQUADX4, CQUADX8, CTRAX3 and CTRAX6, plane stress
elements CPLSTS3, CPLSTS4, CPLSTS6 and CPLSTS8, plane strain
elements CPLSTN3, CPLSTN4, CPLSTN6 and CPLSTN8, or a rigid 2D
contact target region when the grid points are not attached to any elements.
3. The grid points in a BLSEG entry must either be all attached to elements or
all not attached to elements.
4. For a rigid target region, it is important to note that the top surface is on the
left side of the line from Gi to Gi+1. By default, contact is expected to occur
from the top surface. SURF=BOT in BCRPARA entry may be used to
change the contact side. Note that this convention is opposite to the
convention used in AUI for defining 2-D contact surfaces.
5. Grid points in BLSEG entry must lie in the basic XZ plane.

6. BWIDTH entry is not required.
7. Contact set pairs are defined by BCTSET entry as in 3-D contact.
8. Contact region properties are defined by BCRPARA entry and contact set
properties are defined by BCTPARA entry in a similar way as for 3-D
contact. In addition, global contact settings may be specified in the
NXSTRAT entry.
BOLT Bolt Definition
Defines a 1-D bolt by beam elements or a 3-D bolt by solid elements.
Format for bolts modeled with beam elements:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BOLT BID ETYPE EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5 EID6
EID7 THRU EID8 BY INC
-etc.-
Format for bolts modeled with solid elements:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BOLT BID ETYPE=3 CSID IDIR G1
EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5 EID6 EID7 EID8
-etc.-
Field Contents
BID Identification number of a bolt. (Integer > 0)
ETYPE Element type. (Integer = 1 or 3)
= 1 for CBAR, CBEAM beam elements
= 3 for CHEXA, CTETRA, CPENTA, CPYRAM solid elements
EIDi Element identification number of CBEAM or CBAR elements
(ETYPE = 1) or CHEXA, CPENTA, CPYRAM, or CTETRA
elements (ETYPE = 3). (Integer > 0; For THRU option,
EID1<EID2)
CSID Identification number of the coordinate system used to define the
bolt axis when ETYPE = 3. For the basic coordinate system, CSID
=0. (Integer 0 or blank, Default = 0)
IDIR Direction of bolt axis relative to CSID when ETYPE = 3. (Integer)
IDIR = 0 or blank (Default) is allowed.
Field Contents
= 1 for the X direction
= 2 for the Y direction
= 3 for the Z direction
G1 Grid point identification number where the bolt plane cuts through
for ETYPE=3. See remarks 2 and 3. (Integer 0 or blank)
Remarks:
1. All elements representing a physical bolt must be identified in the BOLT
entry. In addition, each bolt ID must define only one physical bolt.
2. For ETYPE = 3, if IDIR = 0 or blank, then the direction of the bolt will be
automatically determined by the program as the direction with minimum
principal moment of inertia.
3. For ETYPE = 3, G1 = 0 or blank is allowed only if IDIR = 0 or blank. In
this case, the location of the bolt plane is also automatically determined by
the program.
BOLTFOR Preload Force on Set of Bolts
Defines preload force on a set of bolts.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BOLTFOR SID LOAD B1 B2 B3 B4 -etc-
Alternate Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BOLTFOR SID LOAD B1 THRU B2
Example:
BOLTFOR 10 10.0 5 9 10
12 THRU 21
Field Contents
SID Bolt preload force set identification number. (Integer > 0)
LOAD Magnitude of the preload force. (Real)
Bi Bolt identification numbers defined by entry BOLT. (Integer > 0;
For THRU option, B1<B2)
Remarks:
1. Multiple BOLTFOR entries with the same SID can be used to define
different preload force for different sets of bolts.
2. SID is selected by BOLTLD Case Control command.
3. Entering the same bolt id multiple times for the same SID will produce an
error.
BSURF 3D Contact Region Definition by Shell Elements
Defines a 3D contact region by shell element IDs.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BSURF ID EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5 EID6 EID7
EID8 EID9 EID10 -etc.-
Alternate Format:
BSURF ID EID1 THRU EID2 BY INC
Example:
BSURF 15 5 THRU 21 BY 4
27 30 32 33
35 THRU 44
67 68 70 85 92
Field Contents
ID Identification number of a contact region. See Remark 2 and 3.
(Integer > 0)
EIDi Element identification numbers of shell elements. (Integer > 0)
INC Identification number increment. See Remark 4. (Integer or blank)
Remarks:
2. BSURF is a collection of one or more shell elements. BSURF defines a

contact that may act as a contact source (contactor) or target.
4. For automatic generation of element ids, the default increment value is 1 if

element numbers are increasing or -1 if element numbers are decreasing
(i.e., the user need not specify BY and the increment value).
BSURFS 3D Contact Region Definition by Solid Elements
Defines a 3D contact region by faces of CHEXA, CPENTA, or CTETRA elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BSURFS ID EID1 G1 G2 G3
EID2 G1 G2 G3 EID3 G1 G2 G3
-etc.-
Example:
BSURFS 7 10 15 16 20
15 16 17 21 20 17 18 22
11 19 20 24 16 20 21 25
21 21 22 26
Field Contents
ID Identification number of a contact region. See Remark 2 and 3.
(Integer > 0)
EIDi Element identification numbers of solid elements. (Integer > 0)
G1 G3 Identification numbers of 3 corner grid points on the face (triangular
or quadrilateral) of the solid element. (Integer > 0)
Remarks:
2. BSURFS is a collection of one or more element faces on solid elements.

BSURFS defines a contact region that may act as a contact source
(contactor) or target.
CBAR Simple Beam Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CBAR EID PID GA GB X1 X2 X3
PA PB W1A W2A W3A W1B W2B W3B
Alternate Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CBAR EID PID GA GB G0
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA Hermitian beam element.
2. W1A, W2A, W3A, W1B, W2B, and W3B are ignored.
3. CBAR defines the same element as CBEAM for ADINA.

CBEAM Beam Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CBEAM EID PID GA GB X1 X2 X3 BIT
SA SB
Alternate Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CBEAM EID PID GA GB G0 BIT
SA SB
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA Hermitian beam element.
2. BIT, W1A, W2A, W3A, W1B, W2B, W3B, SA, and SB are ignored.
3. CBEAM defines the same element as CBAR for ADINA.

CBUSH Generalized Spring-and-Damper Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CBUSH EID PID GA GB GO/X1 X2 X3 CID
S OCID S1 S2 S3
Remarks:
1. S, OCID, S1, S2 and S3 are not supported.
CBUSH1D Rod Type Spring-and-Damper Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CBUSH1D EID PID GA GB CID
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA geometric nonlinear spring element.
2. CID is only supported when GB is blank. If both GB and CID 0 are

specified, the program will issue an error.
CDAMP1 Scalar Damper Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CDAMP1 EID PID G1 C1 G2 C2
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA spring element with zero stiffness and specified
damping coefficient.
2. G1 and G2 must be grid points, i.e., they cannot be scalar points.

CDAMP2 Scalar Damper Property and Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CDAMP2 EID B G1 C1 G2 C2
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA spring element with zero stiffness and specified
damping coefficient.

CELAS1 Scalar Spring Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CELAS1 EID PID G1 C1 G2 C2
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA spring element. For explicit analysis, this spring
element is not considered in the critical time step size calculation because it
has no mass.

CELAS2 Scalar Spring Property and Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CELAS2 EID K G1 C1 G2 C2 GE S
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA spring element. For explicit analysis, this spring
element is not considered in the critical time step size calculation because it
has no mass.
3. GE is ignored.
CGAP Gap Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CGAP EID PID GA GB X1 X2 X3 CID
Remarks:
1. CGAP is simulated with a nonlinear spring element in ADINA, i.e., the
transverse properties of this element are ignored. Please see remarks in
PGAP entry.
2. X1, X2, and X3 are ignored.

CHBDYE Geometric Surface Element Definition (Element Form)
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CHBDYE EID EID2 SIDE IVIEWF IVIEWB RADMIDF RADMIDB
Remarks:
1. CHBDYE defines convection or radiation boundary condition on a side of
3D solid, shell or axisymmetric element for SOL 601,153 or SOL 601,159
analysis.
2. IVIEWF and IVIEWB are ignored.
3. RADMIDB applies only for radiation boundary condition applied on shell

element.
4. If more than one CHBDYE or CHBDYG entry defines the same element
side with the same material property and ambient grid point, only one of the
entries will be used. A warning will be issued in such cases.
CHBDYG Geometric Surface Element Definition (Grid Form)
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CHBDYG EID TYPE IVIEWF IVIEWB RADMIDFRADMIDB
G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8
Remarks:
1. CHBDYG defines convection or radiation boundary condition using grid
points on a face of 3D solid or shell element or on an edge of axisymmetric
element for SOL 601,153 or SOL 601,159 analysis.
2. IVIEWF and IVIEWB are ignored.
3. RADMIDB applies only for radiation boundary condition applied on shell

element.
4. If more than one CHBDYE or CHBDYG entry defines the same element
side with the same material property and ambient grid point, only one of the
entries will be used. A warning will be issued in such cases.
CHEXA Six-Sided Solid Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CHEXA EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G4 G6
G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13 G14
G15 G16 G17 G18 G19 G20
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 3D solid brick element.
2. For SOL 601, only elements with 8 or 20 grid points are allowed, i.e., either
all edge points G9 to G20 are specified or no edge points are specified. For
SOL 701, only elements with 8 grid points are allowed.
3. For SOL 601, 20-node CHEXA elements may be converted to 27-node

brick elements (6 additional nodes on the centroid of the six faces and 1
additional node at the centroid of the element) by specifying ELCV=1 in the
NXSTRAT entry. 27-node brick elements are especially effective in the
analysis of incompressible media and inelastic materials, e.g., rubber-like
materials, elasto-plastic materials, and materials with Poissons ratio close
to 0.5.
CMASS1 Scalar Mass Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CMASS1 EID PID G1 C1 G2 C2
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA spring element with zero stiffness and specified mass.
3. If G1 and G2 are specified, CMASS1 models a mass between G1 and G2.

Note that this is different from how it is treated in other solution sequence
in Nastran.
CMASS2 Scalar Mass Property and Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CMASS2 EID M G1 C1 G2 C2
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA spring element with zero stiffness and specified mass.
3. If G1 and G2 are specified, CMASS1 models a mass between G1 and G2 in

ADINA. Note that this is different from how it is treated in other solution
sequence.
CONM1 Concentrated Mass Element Connection, General Form
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CONM1 EID G CID M11 M21 M22 M31 M32
M33 M41 M42 M43 M44 M51 M52 M53
M54 M55 M61 M62 M63 M64 M65 M66
Remarks:
1. Defines a concentrated mass for ADINA.
2. Only the diagonal terms of the mass matrix Mii (1 i 6) are used.
3. CID is ignored, i.e., mass components Mii are assumed to be in the

displacement coordinate system of grid point G.
CONM2 Concentrated Mass Element Connection, Rigid Body Form
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CONM2 EID G CID M X1 X2 X3
I11 I21 I22 I31 I32 I33
Remarks:
1. Defines a concentrated mass for ADINA.
2. X1, X2, and X3 are ignored, i.e., the center of gravity of the mass is
assumed to be at the grid point.
3. CID is ignored, i.e., mass moments of inertia components Iii (1 i 3) are

assumed to be in the displacement coordinate system of grid point G.
4. I21, I31, and I32 are ignored. The displacement coordinate system for grid
point G should coincide with the principal axes of the concentrated mass.
CONROD Rod Element Property and Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CONROD EID G1 G2 MID A J C NSM
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA truss element, i.e., no torsional stiffness.
2. J, C, and NSM are ignored.
3. For structural problems, MID must reference a MAT1, MATSMA,
MATVE or MATPLCY material entry for SOL 601, and a MAT1 or
MATPLCY material entry for SOL 701.
4. For heat transfer problems, MID must reference a MAT4 entry
CONV Heat Boundary Element Free Convection Entry
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CONV EID PCONIDFLMND CNTRLND TA1 TA2 TA3 TA4
TA5 TA6 TA7 TA8
Remarks:
1. The basic exchange relationship is
q = H . (T TAMB), CNTRLND=0
q = (H . uCNTRLND) (T TAMB), CNTRLND0
2. Only one ambient point TA1 is supported. TA2 to TA8 are ignored. The
temperature on TA1 must be prescribed on a TEMPBC or SPC entry.
3. FLMND is ignored.
4. CNTRLND may be used to model time-dependent convection heat transfer

coefficient. The temperature on CNTRLND must be prescribed on a
TEMPBC or SPC entry.
5. H cannot be both time-dependent and temperature-dependent at the same

time. Hence, temperature on CNTRLND cannot be time-dependent when H
is made temperature-dependent by a MATT4 entry.
CORD1C Cylindrical Coordinate System Definition, Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CORD1C CIDA G1A G2A G3A CIDB G1B G2B G3B
Remarks:
1. Defines a cylindrical local coordinate system for ADINA.
CORD1R Rectangular Coordinate System Definition, Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CORD1R CIDA G1A G2A G3A CIDB G1B G2B G3B
Remarks:
1. Defines a local Cartesian coordinate system for ADINA.
CORD1S Spherical Coordinate System Definition, Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CORD1S CIDA G1A G2A G3A CIDB G1B G2B G3B
Remarks:
1. Defines a spherical local coordinate system for ADINA.
CORD2C Cylindrical Coordinate System Definition, Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CORD2C CID RID A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
Remarks:
1. Defines a cylindrical local coordinate system for ADINA.
CORD2R Rectangular Coordinate System Definition, Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CORD2R CID RID A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
Remarks:
1. Defines a local Cartesian coordinate system for ADINA.
CORD2S Spherical Coordinate System Definition, Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CORD2S CID RID A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
Remarks:
1. Defines a spherical local coordinate system for ADINA.
CPENTA Five-Sided Wedge Solid Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPENTA EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13 G14
G15
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 3D solid wedge element.
2. For SOL 601, only elements with 6 or 15 grid points are allowed, i.e., either
all edge points G7 to G15 are specified or no edge points are specified. For
SOL 701, only elements with 6 grid points are allowed.
3. For SOL 601, 15-node CPENTA elements may be converted to 21-node

CPENTA elements (5 additional nodes on the centroid of the five faces and
1 additional node at the centroid of the element) by specifying ELCV=1 in
the NXSTRAT entry. 21-node CPENTA elements are more effective than
15-node CPENTA for analysis of incompressible media and inelastic
materials, e.g., rubber-like materials, elasto-plastic materials, and materials
with Poisson's ratio close to 0.5.
CPLSTN3 Plane Strain Triangular Element Connection
Defines a plane strain triangular element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTN3 EID PID G1 G2 G3 THETA
Field Contents
EID Element identification number. (Integer > 0)
PID Property identification number of a PPLANE or PLPLANE entry.
(Integer > 0; Default = EID).
Gi Grid point identification number of connected points. (Unique
integers > 0)
THETA Material property orientation angle in degrees. It is the angle
between x-direction of the material coordinate system and x-
direction of the basic coordinate system. THETA is ignored for
hyperelastic elements. (Real; Default=0.0)
Remarks:
1. Element identification numbers should be unique with respect to all other
element identification numbers.
2. When THETA is defined, the positive element normal direction, which is

defined by G1, G2, and G3 connectivity using the right-hand-rule, must be
consistent with the negative y-direction (if in XZ plane) or the positive z-
direction (if in XY plane) of the basic system.
CPLSTN4 Plane Strain Quadrilateral Element Connection
Defines a plane strain quadrilateral element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTN4 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 THETA
Field Contents
integers > 0)
Remarks:

3. Incompatible modes are used for this element. Incompatible modes may be
turned off by specifying ICMODE=0 in the NXSTRAT entry.
CPLSTN6 Plane Strain Triangular Element Connection
Defines a plane strain triangular element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTN6 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
THETA
Field Contents
integers > 0)
Remarks:

3. 6-node triangular elements may be converted to 7-node triangular elements

(with 1 additional node at the centroid of the element) by specifying
ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT entry.
CPLSTN8 Plane Strain Quadrilateral Element Connection
Defines a plane strain quadrilateral element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTN6 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
G7 G8 THETA
Field Contents
integers > 0)
Remarks:

3. 8-node quadrilateral elements may be converted to 9-node quadrilateral

elements (with 1 additional node at the centroid of the element) by
specifying ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT entry.
CPLSTS3 Plane Stress Triangular Element Connection
Defines a plane stress triangular element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTS3 EID PID G1 G2 G3 THETA
TFLAG T1 T2 T3
Field Contents
integers > 0)
TFLAG Integer flag that specifies how Ti is used to define element
thickness. (0, 1, or blank)
Ti When TFLAG = 0 or blank, Ti overrides T on the
PPLANE/PLPLANE if > 0.0; When TFLAG = 1, Ti is a multiplier
on T from the PPLANE/PLPLANE if > 0.0. (Real > 0.0 or blank)
Remarks:


3. T1, T2, and T3 are optional. If Ti is blank, then it will be set equal to the
value of T on the PPLANE or PLPLANE entry.
CPLSTS4 Plane Stress Quadrilateral Element Connection
Defines a plane stress quadrilateral element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTS4 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 THETA
TFLAG T1 T2 T3 T4
Field Contents
integers > 0)
Remarks:


3. T1, T2, T3 and T4 are optional. If Ti is blank, then it will be set equal to the
4. Incompatible modes are used for this element. Incompatible modes may be
turned off by specifying ICMODE=0 in the NXSTRAT entry.
CPLSTS6 Plane Stress Triangular Element Connection
Defines a plane stress triangular element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTS6 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
THETA TFLAG T1 T2 T3
Field Contents
integers > 0)
Remarks:


3. T1, T2, and T3 are optional. If Ti is blank, then it will be set equal to the
4. 6-node triangular elements may be converted to 7-node triangular elements

(with 1 additional node at the centroid of the element) by specifying
ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT entry.
CPLSTS8 Plane Stress Quadrilateral Element Connection
Defines a plane stress quadrilateral element for use in linear or nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPLSTS8 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
G7 G8 THETA TFLAG T1 T2 T3 T4
Field Contents
integers > 0)
Remarks:


3. T1, T2, T3 and T4 are optional. If Ti is blank, then it will be set equal to the
4. 8-node quadrilateral elements may be converted to 9-node quadrilateral

elements (with 1 additional node at the centroid of the element) by
specifying ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT entry.
CPYRAM Five-Sided Pyramid Solid Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CPYRAM EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 3D solid pyramid element.
2. For SOL 701, only elements with 5 grid points are allowed.
3. For SOL 601, 13-node CPYRAM elements may be converted to 14-node

CPYRAM elements (1 additional node on the centroid of the quadrilateral
face of the element) by specifying ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT entry. 14-
node CPYRAM elements are more effective than 13-node CPYRAM for
materials, elasto-plastic materials, and materials with Poisson's ratio close to
0.5.
CQUAD Fully Nonlinear Plane Strain Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CQUAD EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G4 G6
G7 G8 G9
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 2D plane strain quadrilateral element.
2. Only elements with 4, 8, or 9 grid points are allowed.
3. 8-node elements may be converted to 9-node elements (1 additional node at

the centroid of the element) by specifying ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT entry.
The 9-node element is more effective in the analysis of incompressible
rubber-like materials.
CQUAD4 Quadrilateral Plate Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
THETA
CQUAD4 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 ZOFFS
or MCID
TFLAG T1 T2 T3 T4
Remarks:
1. Defines a quadrilateral ADINA shell element (or 2D plane strain element if
MID2=-1 in PSHELL entry).
2. ZOFFS is ignored.
3. Incompatible modes may be used for this element if it is used as a shell

element. Incompatible modes is turned on by specifying ICMODE=1 in
NXSTRAT entry. For modeling shell elements, CQUAD4 is most effective.
4. Incompatible modes are not used for this element if it is used as a plane
strain element. The use of CQUAD or CQUAD8 to model 9-node or 8-node
plane strain elements is recommended.
5. For both linear and nonlinear analysis, stress and strain results at grid points
may be requested for single-ply elements by specifying
STRESS(CORNER) case control command.
CQUAD8 Curved Quadrilateral Shell Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CQUAD8 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
THETA
G7 G8 T1 T2 T3 T4 ZOFFS
or MCID
TFLAG
Remarks:
1. Defines a quadrilateral ADINA shell element (or 2D plane strain element if
2. Only elements with 4, or 8 grid points are allowed, i.e., either G5 to G8 are
all specified or none are specified.

As a plane strain element, the 9-node element is more effective in the
materials, elasto-plastic materials, and materials with Poissons ratio close
to 0.5. As a shell element, the 9-node element is also more effective than the
8-node shell, e.g., support of large strain.
CQUADR Quadrilateral Plate Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
THETA
CQUADR EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 ZOFFS
or MCID
TFLAG T1 T2 T3 T4
Remarks:
1. Defines a quadrilateral ADINA shell element.
CQUADX Fully Nonlinear Axisymmetric Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CQUADX EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G4 G6
G7 G8 G9
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 2D axisymmetric quadrilateral element.
2. Only elements with 4, 8, or 9 grid points are allowed.
3. Element must lie in the XY plane on the +X half of the plane. X is the radial
direction and Y is the axial direction.
4. PID must reference a PLPLANE entry.

CQUADX4 Quadrilateral Axisymmetric Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CQUADX4 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 THETA
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 2D axisymmetric 4-node quadrilateral element.
2. Element must lie in the XY plane on the +Y half of the plane, or in the XZ
plane on the +X half of the plane.
3. In XY plane, X is the axial direction and Y is the radial direction. In XZ

plane, X is the radial direction and Z is the axial direction.
4. PID must reference a PSOLID or PLSOLID entry.

direction (if in XY plane) of the basic system. THETA is measured with
respect to the basic X axis.
CQUADX8 Curved Quadrilateral Axisymmetric Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CQUADX8 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
G7 G8 THETA
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 2D axisymmetric 8-node quadrilateral element.

5. ELCV=1 may be specified in NXSTRAT entry to convert elements to 9-

node elements (1 additional node at the centroid of the element). The 9-
node element is more effective in the analysis of incompressible rubber-like
materials and materials undergoing plastic strain.

CREEP Creep Characteristics
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CREEP MID T0 EXP FORM TIDKP TIDCP TIDCS THRESH
TYPE a b c d e f g
Remarks:
1. Defines a creep material for ADINA. MID is restricted to the material
identification number of a MAT1 entry. CREEP and MAT1 entries model
an elastic-creep material with only elastic strain and creep strain effects.
CREEP, MAT1 and MATS1 entries model a plastic-creep material with
elastic, plastic and creep strain effects.
2. MID is restricted to the material identification number of a MAT1 entry.
3. Only FORM=CRLAW is allowed.
4. T0, EXP, TIDKP, TIDCP, TIDCS, and THRESH are ignored.
5. Only TYPE=300 and TYPE=222 are supported.
6. For TYPE=300, the coefficients a, b and d may be made temperature-

dependent by the MATTC entry.
CROD Rod Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CROD EID PID G1 G2
Remarks:
1. Defines and ADINA truss element, i.e., no torsional stiffness.
CTETRA Four-Sided Solid Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CTETRA EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G4 G6
G7 G8 G9 G10
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 3D solid tetrahedral element.
2. For SOL 701, only elements with 4 grid points are allowed.
3. For SOL 601, 10-node CTETRA elements may be converted to 14-node

CTETRA elements (1 additional node on the centroid of the element) by
specifying ELCV=1 in the NXSTRAT entry. 11-node CTETRA elements
are more effective than 10-node CTETRA for analysis of incompressible
media and inelastic materials, e.g., rubber-like materials, elasto-plastic
materials, and materials with Poisson's ratio close to 0.5.
CTRAX3 Triangular Axisymmetric Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CTRAX3 EID PID G1 G2 G3 THETA
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 2D axisymmetric 3-node triangular element.


CTRAX6 Curved Triangular Axisymmetric Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CTRAX6 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
THETA
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 2D axisymmetric 6-node triangular element.

5. ELCV=1 may be specified in NXSTRAT entry to convert elements to 7-

node elements (1 additional node at the centroid of the element). The 7-
node element is more effective in the analysis of incompressible rubber-like
materials and materials undergoing plastic strain.

CTRIA3 Triangular Plate Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
THETA
CTRIA3 EID PID G1 G2 G3 ZOFFS
or MCID
TFLAG T1 T2 T3
Remarks:
1. Defines a triangular ADINA shell element (or 2D plane strain element when
3. It is not recommended to use this element where in-plane bending is

significant.
CTRIA6 Curved Triangular Shell Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CTRIA6 EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
THETA
ZOFFS T1 T2 T3 TFLAG
or MCID
Remarks:
1. Defines a triangular ADINA shell element (or 2D plane strain element when
2. Only elements with 3 or 6 grid points are allowed.
4. When used as a plane strain element, ELCV=1 in NXSTRAT entry will

convert a 6-node triangular element to a 7-node triangular element (1
additional node at the centroid of the element).
CTRIAR Triangular Plate Element Connection
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
THETA
CTRIAR EID PID G1 G2 G3 ZOFFS
or MCID
TFLAG T1 T2 T3
Remarks:
1. Defines a triangular ADINA shell element
CTRIAX Fully Nonlinear Axisymmetric Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CTRIAX EID PID G1 G2 G3 G4 G4 G6
Remarks:
1. Defines an ADINA 2D axisymmetric triangular element.
2. Only elements with 3 or 6 grid points are allowed.
3. Element must lie in the XY plane on the +X half of the plane. X is the radial
direction and Y is the axial direction.
4. PID must reference a PLPLANE entry.

DLOAD Dynamic Load Combination or Superposition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DLOAD SID S S1 L1 S2 L2 S3 L3
S4 L4 -etc.-
Remarks:
1. DLOAD may be used in a nonlinear static or transient analysis to combine
time-dependent loads.
2. Li can only be the load set identification numbers of TLOAD1 entries.
3. Both LOAD and DLOAD can be used in the same analysis to define some
loads with constant magnitude and some time-dependent loads.
DMIG Direct Matrix Input at Points
Defines direct input matrices (damping, mass, stiffness) related to grid points. The
matrix is defined by a single header entry and one or more column entries. A
column entry is required for each column with nonzero matrix elements.
Header Entry Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DMIG NAME 0 IFO TIN TOUT POLAR NCOL
Column Entry Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DMIG NAME GJ CJ G1 C1 A1 B1
G2 C2 A2 B2 -etc-
Example:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DMIG KAAX 0 6 2
DMIG KAAX 129 3 129 3 1.D6
130 3 -1.D6
DMIG KAAX 130 3 130 3 1.D6
Remarks:
1. Only IFO=6 is allowed. Hence, NCOL is ignored.
2. Only TIN=1 or 2 is allowed and TOUT is not supported.
3. POLAR is ignored. Only real format specified by Ai is supported. Bi is

ignored.
4. Matrices defined on this entry may be selected in the Case Control section
by K2GG, M2GG or B2GG.
EBDADD Element Birth/Death Set Combination
Defines an element birth/death set as a union of element birth/death sets defined on

EBDSET entries.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
EBDADD BDID BD1 BD2 -etc-
Example:
EBDADD 10 1 2 3
Field Contents
BDID Element birth/death set identification number. (Integer > 0)
BDi Identification numbers of element birth/death sets defined via
EBDSET entries. (Integer > 0)
Remarks:
1. To include several element birth/death sets defined via EBDSET entries in a
model, EBDADD must be used to combine the element birth/death sets.
BDID in EBDADD is then selected with the Case Control command
EBDSET.
BDi must be unique and may not be the identification of this or any other
EBDADD entry.
DTEMP Time Dependent Temperature Set Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DTEMP SID
T1 TID1 T2 TID2 T3 TID3 T4 TID4
T5 TID5 -etc.-
Example:
DTEMP 200
0. 1 50. 2 100. 3
Field Contents
SID Unique identification number specified in the DTEMP case control
command. (Integer > 0)
Ti Times in increasing order of magnitude. (Real 0.0)
TIDi SID of TEMP or TEMPD bulk entries. (Integer>0)
Remarks:
1. If T1 is not equal to 0.0, then the first temperature set TID1 is also assigned
to time=0.0.
2. If the last specified time Tn is less than the total solution time, then the last
temperature set TIDn is also assigned to the total solution time.
EBDSET Element Birth/Death Set Definition
Defines element birth and death times for a set of elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
EBDSET BDID TBIRTH TDEATH EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5
Continuation Format 1:
EID6 EID7 EID8 -etc-
Continuation Format 2 (THRU option is only available on a continuation line):
Example:
EBDSET 3 0.2 0.5 101 201 300 400 450

25 THRU 33
Field Contents
BDID Element birth/death set identification number. See Remark 2.
(Integer > 0)
TBIRTH Element birth time. (Real 0.0; Default = 0.0)
TDEATH Element death time. (Real > TBIRTH; Default = 1.0E+20)
EIDi Element identification numbers. See Remark 3. (Integer > 0)
Remarks:
1. The continuation line is optional.
2. The THRU option is only available on a continuation line.
3. BDID may be selected by Case Control command EBDSET. If other

element birth/death sets are defined, the EBDADD entry must be used to
combine all the EBDSET entries.
4. Element birth/death may be used with all elements, i.e., with all elements
defined with CROD, CONROD, CBAR, CBEAM, CPLSTN3, CPLSTN4,
CPLSTN6, CPLSTN8, CPLSTS3, CPLSTS4, CPLSTS6, CPLSTS8,
CQUAD, CQUAD4, CQUAD8, CQUADR, CQUADX, CQUADX4,
CQUADX8, CTRAX3, CTRAX6, CTRIA3, CTRIA6, CTRIAR, CTRIAX,
CHEXA, CPENTA, CPYRAM, CTETRA, CELAS1, CELAS2, CDAMP1,
CDAMP2, CMASS1, CMASS2, CGAP, or CBUSH1D entry.
FORCE Static Force
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
FORCE SID G CID F N1 N2 N3
Remarks:
1. Defines a concentrated force load for ADINA.
2. To apply a force with constant magnitude, SID is selected by Case Control

command LOAD = SID for both static and transient analyses.
3. To apply a time-dependent force, SID is referenced by the field EXCITEID

= SID in the TLOAD1 entry. Time-dependent loads are selected by Case
Control command DLOAD.
FORCE1 Static Force, Alternate Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
FORCE1 SID G F G1 G2
Remarks:
2. If G1=G or G2=G, the force is a follower force in large displacement

analysis (i.e., PARAM,LGDISP,1). Otherwise, the direction of the force is
defined by the original positions of G1 and G2 and does not change even
for large displacement analysis.


FORCE2 Static Force, Alternate Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
FORCE2 SID G F G1 G2 G3 G4
Remarks:
2. The direction of the force is defined by the original positions of G1 to G4

and does not change during the analysis.


GRAV Acceleration or Gravity Load
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
GRAV SID CID A N1 N2 N3 MB
Remarks:
1. Defines a mass-proportional load for ADINA.
2. MB is ignored.
3. To apply an acceleration or gravity load with constant magnitude, SID is

selected by Case Control command LOAD = SID for both static and
transient analyses.
4. To apply a time-dependent acceleration or gravity load, SID is referenced

by the field EXCITEID = SID in the TLOAD1 entry. Time-dependent loads
are selected by Case Control command DLOAD.
GRID Grid Point
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
GRID ID CP X1 X3 X3 CD PS SEID
Remarks:
1. Defines a node for ADINA.
2. SEID is ignored.
3. The use of GRDSET entry for default options for the CP, CD, and PS fields
is not supported.
GROUP Defines a group of elements
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
GROUP ID Descriptor
META Meta Information
TYPEi List of IDs
Example:
GROUP 10 Assembly AA4

META 100 RPM
Other meta data
ELEM 30 THRU 40
PROP ALL
Field Contents
ID Group identification number. (Integer > 0)
TYPEi Type (Character: ELEM or PROP)
IDi List of element or property IDs. (Integer > 0 or Character: ALL)
Remarks:
1. Group ID is referenced in RFORCE1 entry to apply centrifugal loading to
part of a model.
LOAD Static Load Combination (Superposition)
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
LOAD SID S S1 L1 S2 L2 S3 L3
S4 L4 -etc.-
Remarks:
1. LOAD may be used in a static or transient analysis to combine loads with
constant magnitude.
2. Both LOAD and DLOAD can be used in the same analysis to define some
loads with constant magnitude and some time-dependent loads.
MAT1 Isotropic Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT1 MID E G NU RHO A TREF GE
ST SC SS MCSID
Remarks:
1. Defines an elastic isotropic material for ADINA.
2. GE, ST, SC, SS, and MCSID are ignored.
3. RHO is always used as mass density regardless of PARAM,WTMASS

entry.
4. TREF is used only used when MAT1 is made temperature dependent by use
of the MATT1 entry.
5. For CQUADi and CTRIAi elements, the transverse shear modulus is equal
to the in-plane shear modulus.
6. E and NU may not be both blank.

MAT2 Shell Element Anisotropic Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT2 MID G11 G12 G13 G22 G23 G33 RHO
A1 A2 A3 TREF GE ST SC SS
MCSID
Remarks:
1. Defines an orthotropic material for ADINA with properties calculated from
G11, G12, G22, and G33.
2. G13, G23, A3, GE, ST, SC, SS, and MCSID are ignored.
3. TREF is used only when MAT2 is made temperature dependent by use of

the MATT2 entry.
MAT3 Axisymmetric Element Orthotropic Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT3 MID EX ETH EZ NUXTH NUTHZ NUZX RHO
GZX AX ATH AZ TREF GE
Remarks:
1. Defines an orthotropic material which may be used by CQUADX4,
CQUADX8, CTRAX3 and CTRAX6 elements.
2. GE is ignored.

the MATT3 entry.
MAT4 Heat Transfer Material Properties, Isotropic
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT4 MID K CP rho H m HGEN REF..
TCH TDELTA QLAT
Remarks related:
1. m, REFENTH, TCH, TDELTA and QLAT are ignored.
MAT5 Thermal Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT5 MID KXX KXY KXZ KYY KYZ KZZ CP
RHO HGEN
Remarks:
1. MAT5 defines the thermal properties for material with orthotropic thermal
conductivity. KXY, KXZ and KYZ are ignored.
MAT8 Shell Element Orthotropic Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT8 MID E1 E2 NU12 G12 G1Z G2Z RHO
A1 A2 TREF Xt Xc Yt Yc S
GE F12 STRN
Remarks:
1. Defines an orthotropic material for ADINA.
2. Xt, Xc, Yt, Yc, S, GE, F12, and STRN are ignored.

the MATT8 entry.
MAT9 Solid Element Anisotropic Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT9 MID G11 G12 G13 G14 G15 G16 G22
G23 G24 G25 G26 G33 G34 G35 G36
G44 G45 G46 G55 G56 G66 RHO A1
A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 TREF GE
Remarks:
1. Defines an orthotropic material for ADINA with properties calculated from
G11, G12, G13, G22, G23, G33, G44, G55, and G66.
2. G14, G15, G16, G24, G25, G26, G34, G35, G36, G45, G46, G56, A4, A5,
A6, and GE are ignored.

the MATT9 entry.
4. It is recommended to use MAT11 instead of MAT9 to define orthotropic

material properties for 3-D solid elements.
MAT10 Fluid Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT10 MID BULK RHO C GE
Remarks:
1. Defines a fluid material for ADINA. 2-D and 3-D elements with this
material are translated into ADINA fluid elements.
2. C and GE are ignored.

MAT11 Solid Element Orthotropic Material Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MAT11 MID E1 E2 E3 NU12 NU13 NU23 G12
G13 G23 RHO A1 A2 A3 TREF GE
Remarks:
1. Defines an orthotropic material for ADINA 3-D elements. MAT11 should
be used instead of MAT9 whenever possible.
2. GE is ignored.

the MATT11 entry.
MATCID Material Coordinate System for Solid Elements
Overrides the material coordinate system (CORDM in PSOLID entry) for CHEXA,
CPENTA, CPYRAM and CTETRA solid elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATCID CID EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5 EID6 EID7
EID8 EID9 EID10 -etc.-
Alternate Format:
MATCID CID EID1 THRU EID2 BY INC

MATCRP Creep Material Definition
Defines coefficients for creep constitutive model
Format:
MATCRP MID 301 THRESH HARD
A B D
Remarks related to SOL 601:
1. THRESH and HARD are ignored.
2. MID must reference a MAT1 entry.
3. When A, B or D references a TABLEM1 entry (temperature-dependent

coefficient), then for a specific solution temperature, ADINA interpolates
the coefficients such that the creep strain varies linearly with respect to the
temperature points.
MATG Gasket Material Properties
Defines the material properties for gasket materials.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATG MID IDMEM BEHAV TABLD TABLU1 TABLU2 TABLU3 TABLU4
TABLU5 TABLU6 TABLU7 TABLU8 TABLU9 TABLU10 YPRS EPL
GPL
Example:
MATG 3 1 0 101 102 103 104

350. 2000.
1270.
Field Contents
MID Material identification. (Integer > 0)
IDMEM ID of MAT1 providing material behavior for the membrane (in-
plane) direction. (Integer > 0)
BEHAV Behavior type. Currently not used. (Integer)
TABLD Identification number of a TABLES1 entry providing the main
loading curve of the gasket (pressure vs. closure). (Integer > 0)
TABLUi Identification number of a TABLES1 entry providing the unloading
curve(s) of the gasket (pressure vs. closure). At least one unloading
curve must be specified. Leave fields blank for tables that are not
required. See Remark 3. (Integer > 0)
YPRESS Initial yield pressure. See Remark 5. (Real > 0.0)
EPL Tensile modulus (pressure per unit length). (Real > 0.0)
GPL Transverse shear modulus (force per unit area). (Real > 0.0)
Remarks:
1. Defines a gasket material for ADINA.
2. MATG can only be used with CHEXA elements with 8 grid points or
CPENTA elements with 6 grid points. There should be only one layer of
element elements in the direction of the gasket thickness.
3. MATG defines the compressive behavior in the thickness direction. The

program will attempt to automatically determine the thickness direction and
set it as the material X-axis if it is not defined by CORDM of PSOLID
entry. The in-plane linear behavior is defined by the MAT1 entry referenced
by IDMEM.
4. All unloading curves must have the same number of points as the elastic
portion of the loading curve (i.e., up to the initial yield pressure). The first
point must be defined at pressure=0.0 and the last point must coincide with
a yield point on the loading curve. Not all yield points require unloading
curves. The unloading behavior at intermediate points is interpolated from
adjacent curves. See Figure below.
5. MID, IDMEM, TABLD, TABLU1, YPRS, EPL, and GPL must be

specified.
6. The initial yield stress must match a point on the loading curve of
TABLED.
7. Closure (strain) is defined as the change in gasket thickness divided by the

original gasket thickness.
Main loading
curve (TABLD)
Initial yield
pressure (YPRESS) Rupture
Gasket pressure
point
Multiple loading/
unloading curves
(TABLUi)
Closure strain
Figure: Pressure-Closure Relationship for a Gasket Material

MATHE Hyperelastic Material Properties
Specifies hyperelastic (rubber-like) material properties
Format 1 (default): Generalized Mooney-Rivlin model (Model =

Mooney)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATHE MID Model K RHO Texp
C10 C01
C20 C11 C02
C30 C21 C12 C03
Format 2: Ogden model or Hyperfoam model (Model = Ogden or foam)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mu1 Alpha1 Beta1
Mu2 Alpha2 Beta2 Mu3 Alpha3 Beta3
Format 3: Arruda-Boyce model (Model = Aboyce)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
NKT N
Format 4: Sussman-Bathe model (Model=Sussbat)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATHE MID Model K RHO TEXP
TAB1 SSTYPE RELERR
Field Contents
MID Material identification number. (Integer > 0)
Model Hyperelastic material model type (Character; Default = Mooney)
Mooney: Generalized Mooney-Rivlin model

Ogden: Ogden model
Foam: Hyperfoam model
Aboyce: Arruda-Boyce model
Sussbat: Sussman-Bathe model
K Specifies a bulk modulus. Not used in hyperfoam material. See
Remark 7. (Real > 0.0; Default = automatically set for nearly
incompressible condition).
RHO Mass density in reference configuration. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Texp Coefficient of thermal expansion. See Remark 8 (Real; Default =
0.0)
Cij Material constants related to distortional deformation for
generalized Mooney-Rivlin model. See Remark 3. (Real; Default =
1.0 for C10 and C01, 0.0 for other constants)
Muk Coefficients k of the strain energy function for Ogden or
hyperfoam material. See Remarks 4 and 5. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Alphak Coefficients k of the strain energy function for Ogden or
hyperfoam material. See Remarks 4 and 5. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Betak Coefficients k of the strain energy function for hyperfoam material.
These fields are unused for the Ogden model. See Remark 5 (Real;
Default = 0.0)
NKT Material constant for Arruda-Boyce strain energy model. See
Remark 6. (Real > 0; Default = 1.0)
N Material constant representing the number of statistical links of the
chain for Arruda-Boyce model. See Remark 6. (Real > 0; Default =
1.0)
TAB1 Table identification number of a TABLES1 entry that contains the
stress-strain data associated with the material model. The stress-
Field Contents
strain data are assumed to correspond to a uniaxial
tension/compression condition. Note that both uniaxial tension and
compression data must be provided to properly describe the
material. (Integer > 0)
SSTYPE The type of stress-strain data entered in TAB1. (Character; Default
= Eng)
Eng: engineering strains, engineering stresses
True: true strains, true stresses
Stretch: stretches, engineering stresses
RELERR The relative error used to determine the number of splines used to fit
the stress-strain data. (Real > 0.0; Default = 0.01)
Remarks:
1. Model = Foam or Aboyce is not supported for explicit analysis.
2. Minimum input lines: 1 for Mooney or Aboyce, 2 for Ogden or foam.
3. The generalized Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function may be expressed as

follows:
3
W ( J , I1 , I 2 ) = Cij (I
i + j =1
1 3)i ( I 2 3) j + 0.5 K ( J 1) 2
with
I1 = 1 + 2 + 3 , I 2 = 1 2 + 2 3 + 3 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
i is the deviatoric stretch ratio defined as i = J 1/ 3i ,and K and J are the

bulk modulus and volume ratio, respectively.
For small strains, the shear modulus G is related to the Mooney-Rivlin

constants by G = 2(C10 + C01 ) .
The model reduces to a Mooney-Rivlin material with only two constants

(C10 and C01), and to a Neo-Hookean material with one constant (C10).
4. For the Ogden material model, the strain energy function is
k
( )
9
W = 1 + 2 + 3 + 0.5K ( J 1) 2
k k k
k =1 k
where the k and k are material constants, i is the deviatoric stretch ratio
defined as i = J 1/ 3i , and K and J are the bulk modulus and volume ratio,
respectively. A two-term Ogden model can be made equivalent to a simple
Mooney-Rivlin model by choosing 1 = 2C10 , 1 = 2, 2 = 2C01 , 2 = 2 .
For small strains, the shear modulus G is related to the Ogden constants by
1 9
G= k k
2 k =1
5. For the hyperfoam material model, the strain energy function is
9
k k 1
W =
k k
1 + 2 + 3 3 + ( )
J k k 1
k =1 k k
where the k , k and k are material constants and J is the volume ratio.
For small strains, the shear modulus G and bulk modulus K are related to
the hyperfoam constants by
1 9 9
1
G=
2 k =1

k k , K = k + k k
k =1 3
These moduli must be greater than zero, hence we note that k should be
greater than 1/3.
When all of the k are equal to each other = , then is related to the

Poissons ratio by = .
1 2
6. For the Arruda-Boyce model, the strain energy function is
1 1 11
W = N KT [
2
( I1 3) +
20 N
( I12 9 ) +
1050 N 2 ( 1
I 3 27 )
19 519
3 ( 1
+ I 4 81) + 4 ( 1
I 5 243)] + K ( J ln J ( J 1) )
7000 N 673750 N
with I1 = 1 + 2 + 3 , where NKT is a material constant and N is a material

2 2 2
parameter representing the number of statistical links of the material chain.

K and J are the bulk modulus and volume ratio, respectively.
For small strains, the shear modulus G is related to NKT by
3 99 513 42039
G = N KT [1 + + 2
+ 3
+ ]
5 N 175 N 875 N 67375 N 4
7. Although the conventional Mooney-Rivlin, Ogden and Arruda-Boyce

materials are fully incompressible, the Mooney-Rivlin, Ogden and Arruda-
Boyce material models are compressible. Nearly incompressible materials
may be simulated with a large value of K.
The default value for K is chosen so that the small-strain Poissons ratio is
0.499. For the Mooney-Rivlin material, K = 1000 ( C10 + C01 ) ; for the
9
Ogden material, K = 250 k k ; for the Arruda-Boyce material,
k =1
K = 500 N KT .
8. The thermal strain is computed by th = (T T0 ) where T0 is an initial

temperature. th is an engineering strain, thus, if the material is free to
L(t ) L(0)
expand, th = where L(t) is the final length and L(0) is the initial
L(0)
length.
MATHEM Mullins effect on hyperelastic material
Specifies Mullins effect (Ogden-Roxburgh model) on hyperelastic (MATHE)

material.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATHEM MID R M HGEN
Example:
MATHEM 11 2.0 22.0 0.8
Field Contents
MID Material identification number of a MATHE entry. (Integer > 0).
R, M Material constants of the Ogden-Roxburgh model for the Mullins
effect. (Real > 0.0)
HGEN Fraction of energy dissipated by the Mullins effect model that is
considered as heat generation. (0.0 Real 1.0, Default=0.0)
Remarks:
1. HGEN is used only in a thermo-mechanical coupled analysis, i.e., SOL
601,153 or SOL 601,159.
MATHEV Viscoelastic effect on hyperelastic material
Specifies viscoelastic effect (Holzapfel model) on hyperelastic (MATHE) material.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATHEV MID SHIFT C1 C2 TREF
beta1 tau1 hgen1 usage1
beta2 tau2 hgen2 usage2
-etc-
Example:
MATHEM 11
0.5 0.7 0.0 0
0.3 0.6 0.0 0
Field Contents
MID Material identification number of a MATHE entry. (Integer > 0)
SHIFT Time-temperature superposition shift law. (Integer, Default=0)
0: No time-temperature superposition
1: Use WLF (Williams-Landel-Ferry) shift function
2: Use Arrhenius shift function
C1, C2 Material constants for the WLF or Arrhenius shift functions. (Real;
C1 > 0.0, C2 0.0, Default C2=0.0)
TREF Reference temperature used by the WLF or Arrhenius shift function.
(Real; Default=0.0)
beta(i) Factor beta for chain (i) of the viscoelastic model. (Real > 0.0)
tau(i) Relaxation time for chain (i) of the viscoelastic model. (Real > 0.0)
hgen(i) Fraction of dissipation energy that is considered as heat generation
for chain (i). (0.0 Real 1.0, Default=0.0)
usage(i) Usage of chain (i). (Integer, Default=0)
Field Contents
0: Chain is based on the deviatoric strain energy
1: Chain is based on the volumetric strain energy
2: Chain is based on the total strain energy
Remarks:
1. hgen(i) is used only in a thermo-mechanical coupled analysis, i.e., SOL
601,153 or SOL 601,159.
MATHP Hyperelastic Material Properties
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATHP MID A10 A01 D1 RHO AV TREF GE
NA ND
A20 A11 A02 D2
A30 A21 A12 A03 D3
A40 A31 A22 A13 A04 D4
A50 A41 A32 A23 A14 A05 D5
TAB1 TAB2 TAB3 TAB4 TABD
Remarks:
1. Defines a Mooney-Rivlin material for ADINA.
2. Only A10, A01, D1, A20, A11, A02, A30, A21, A12, A03, and RHO are
used to define the Mooney-Rivlin material. Note that NA and ND are
ignored.
MATPLCY Plastic-cyclic Material Properties
Specifies properties for a material used to model cyclic plasticity.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATPLCY MID E NU RHO A ISO KIN RUP
BETA MAXITE RTOL
Example:
MATPLCY 11 2.e5 0.3 .785e-8 1 1
Field Contents
MID Material identification number of a MATPLCY entry. (Integer > 0).
E Youngs modulus. (Real > 0.0)
NU Poissons ratio. (-1.0 < Real 0.5; Default = 0.0)
RHO Mass density. (Real 0.0; Default = 0.0)
A Thermal expansion coefficient. (Real 0.0; Default = 0.0)
ISO Identification number of a PLCYISO entry that provides the
isotropic hardening rule. It specifies the dependence of the radius of
the yield surface on the plastic strains. (Integer > 0)
KIN Identification number of a PLCYKIN entry that provides the
kinematic hardening rule. It specifies the dependence of the back
stresses on the plastic strains. KIN = 0 indicates no kinematic
hardening. (Integer 0; Default = 0)
RUP Identification number of a PLCYRUP entry that specifies the
rupture criterion. RUP = 0 indicates no rupture. (Integer 0; Default
= 0)
BETA Factor used in the stress integration. (0.0 Real 1.0 or blank;
Default = blank). If blank, the program sets BETA = 1.0 for SOL
601 and 0.0 for SOL 701.
Field Contents
MAXITE Maximum number of iterations used to solve for the incremental
plastic strains. (Integer > 0; Default = 100)
RTOL Relative tolerance used to assess convergence of the iterations.
RTOL can be thought of as a reference incremental plastic strain.
(Real > 0.0, Default = 1.0E-12)
Remarks:
1. MID can be referenced by the CONROD, PROD, PBAR, PBARL,
PBEAM, PBEAML, PBCOMP, PSHELL, PPLANE and PSOLID entries.
PLCYISO Isotropic hardening rule for plastic-cyclic material
Specifies the dependence of the radius of the yield surface (stress radius) on
accumulated effective plastic strains for the plastic-cyclic material.
Format for bilinear hardening (Type = BILIN):

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLCYISO HID Type YIELD EP
Format for multilinear hardening (Type = MTLIN):

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLCYISO HID Type
aeps1 sr1 aeps2 sr2 aeps3 sr3 aeps4 sr4
aeps5 sr5 -etc.-
Format for exponential hardening (Type = EXP):

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLCYISO HID Type YIELD Q B
Format for memory exponential hardening (Type = MEMEXP):

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLCYISO HID Type YIELD Q0 QM MU B ETA
Example:
PLCYISO 1 BILIN 1600.0 2.e4
Field Contents
HID Isotropic hardening identification number referenced by the
MATPLCY entry. (Integer > 0).
Field Contents
Type Type of isotropic hardening (Character)
BILIN: Bilinear hardening
MTLIN: Multilinear hardening
EXP: Exponential hardening
MEMEXP: Memory exponential hardening
YIELD Yield stress (radius of yield surface). (Real > 0.0)
EP Hardening modulus (change in yield stress with respect to
accumulated effective plastic strain). (Real 0.0, Default = 0.0)
aeps(i) Accumulated effective plastic strain at data point i. (Real 0.0)
sr(i) Radius of yield surface corresponding to aeps(i). (Real > 0.0)
Q, B Parameters giving the change in yield stress with respect to
accumulated effective plastic strain, see Advanced Nonlinear
Theory and Modeling Guide. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Q0, QM, MU, Parameters giving the change in yield stress with respect to
B accumulated effective plastic strain and strain memory, see
Advanced Nonlinear Theory and Modeling Guide. (Real; Default =
0.0)
ETA Strain memory surface parameter. (Real 0.0; Default = 0.5)
PLCYKIN Kinematic hardening rule for plastic-cyclic material
Specifies the dependence of the back stresses on the plastic strains for the plastic-
cyclic material.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLCYKIN HID Type
h1 zeta1 h2 zeta2 -etc.-
Example:
PLCYKIN 3 AF
1.0e5 2000.0
Field Contents
HID Kinematic hardening identification number referenced by the
Type Type of kinematic hardening. Currently, only Type = AF
(Armstrong-Fredrick) is allowed.
h(i) Linear kinematic hardening constant at data point i. (Real 0.0)
zeta(i) Nonlinear kinematic hardening constant at data point i. (Real 0.0,
Default = 0.0)
PLCYRUP Rupture criterion for plastic-cyclic material
Specifies the rupture criterion for the plastic-cyclic material.
Format:
PLCYRUP RID Type RSTR
Example:
PLCYRUP 1 AEPS .2708e-2
Field Contents
RID Rupture criterion identification number referenced by the
Type Type of rupture criterion. Currently, only Type = AEPS
(Accumulated effective plastic strain) is allowed.
RSTR The accumulated effective plastic strain at which the material
ruptures. (Real 0.0)
MATS1 Material Stress Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATS1 MID TID TYPE H YF HR LIMIT1 LIMIT2
Remarks:
1. Defines an elasto-plastic or nonlinear elastic material for ADINA.
2. MID is restricted to the identification number of a MAT1 entry.
3. LIMIT2 is ignored. LIMIT1 is only used if TID is blank and H is specified,
i.e., for a bilinear plastic material.
4. Only YF = 1 (von Mises yield criterion) is supported.
5. If HR = 3, a mixed hardening factor of 0.5 is used. HR = 3 may only be
used with a bilinear plastic material, i.e., TID must be blank.
6. TID can reference a TABLEST entry for TYPE = PLASTIC but not for
TYPE = NLELAST.
7. TYPE = NLELAST cannot be used with the beam element. For SOL 701,
TYPE = NLELAST can only be used with the rod element. The nonlinear
elastic material does not support temperature-dependent properties.
8. If TYPE = NLELAST, the full stress-strain curve (tension and
compression) must be specified for the rod element. For other elements, the
stress-strain curve is linearly extrapolated using the two starting and end
points on the curve
9. For SOL 601, MATS1 can be combined with CREEP entry to model a
plastic-creep material. TID must be specified instead of H in this case.
10. If the slope of the line joining the origin and second point in TABLES1 (for
TYPE = PLASTIC and given TID) is not equal to the value of E in
MAT1 entry, the strain value at the second point will be adjusted
accordingly.
11. For TYPE = PLASTIC, all tangent modulii ETi must satisfy the following:
HR = 1: ETi < E
HR = 2: 0.0001 * E < ETi < E
HR = 3: 0.0001 * E < ET < E (bilinear plastic only)
MATSMA Shape-Memory Alloy (SMA) Material Properties
Specifies properties for shape-memory alloy material.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATSMA MID EM EA NUM NUA ETMAX VTM0 RHO
AM AA TREF MS MF AS AF
CM CA SIGMAR CR TOL
Example:
MATSMA 111 500.0 1500.0 0.2 0.3 0.1

70.0 10.0 90.0 130.0
1.0 1.0
Field Contents
MID Material identification number (Integer > 0)
EM Youngs modulus for martensite phase (Real > 0.0)
EA Youngs modulus for austenite phase (Real > 0.0)
NUM Poissons ratio for martensite (0.0 Real < 0.5; Default = 0.0)
NUA Poissons ratio for austenite (0.0 Real < 0.5; Default = 0.0)
ETMAX Maximum residual transformation strain (Real > 0.0)
VTM0 Initial volumetric fraction of martensite (0.0 Real 1.0; Default =
0.0)
RHO Mass density (Real 0.0; Default = 0.0)
AM Mean coefficient of thermal expansion for martensite (Real 0.0;
Default = 0.0)
AA Mean coefficient of thermal expansion for austenite (Real 0.0;

Default = 0.0)
TREF Reference temperature thermal expansion calculation (Real; Default =
0.0)
MS Temperature at which the transformation to martensite starts at the
stress-free state. (Real)
MF Temperature at which the transformation to martensite is finished at
the stress-free state. (Real)
AS Temperature at which the transformation to austenite starts at the
AF Temperature at which the transformation to austenite is finished at the
CM Slope of the martensite transformation conditions (Real > 0.0)
CA Slope of the austenite transformation conditions (Real > 0.0)
SIGMAR Martensite re-orientation yield property. SIGMAR = 0.0 means that
the martensite re-orientation is not performed. (Real 0.0; Default =
0.0)
CR Slope of the martensite re-orientation yield function (Real 0.0;
Default = 0.0)
TOL Tolerance used in calculation of effective stress (Real > 0.0; Default =
1.0E-8)
MATSR Material Strain Rate Dependence (SOLs 601 and 701 only)
Specifies strain-rate dependent properties for use with MATS1 entry with the same
MID.
Format:
MATSR MID BVALUE TSRATE TID
Example:
MATSR 15 0.361 0.05
MATSR 15 2
Field Contents
MID Identification number of a MATS1 entry. (Integer > 0)
BVALUE Strain-rate hardening parameter. Must be specified if TID is blank
or zero. (Real or blank)
TSRATE Transition strain rate. Must be specified if TID is blank or zero.
(Real > 0.0 or blank)
TID Identification number of a TABLEST entry. (Integer 0 or blank)
Remarks:
1. BVALUE and TSRATE may be specified or be determined from the stress-
strain curves at two or more strain rate in the TABLEST entry referenced by
TID.
2. If TID is specified and TABLEST referenced by TID contains stress-strain

curves at two or more strain rates, then the program calculates BVALUE
and TSRATE which overwrites any BVALUE and TSRATE specified.
MATT1 Isotropic Material Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT1 MID T(E) T(G) T(NU) T(RHO) T(A) T(GE)
T(ST) T(SC) T(SS)
Remarks:
1. Temperature-dependent property is supported only for E, NU, and A, i.e.
T(G) and T(RHO) are ignored.
2. As GE, ST, SC, and SS are not supported in MAT1, T(GE), T(ST), T(SC),
and T(SS) are also not supported in MATT1.
3. Only TABLEM1 entry may be used to define the temperature dependent

properties.
4. The TABLEM1 entries must all have the same number of temperature
points with the same temperature values. The maximum number of
temperature points is restricted to 16.
MATT2 Anisotropic Material Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT2 MID T(G11) T(G12) T(G13) T(G22) T(G23) T(G33) T(RHO)
T(A1) T(A2) T(A3) T(GE) T(ST) T(SC) T(SS)
Remarks:
1. Defines a temperature-dependent elastic orthotropic material for ADINA.
2. T(G11), T(G12), T(G22), T(G33), T(A1), and T(A2) are used to define a
temperature-dependent orthotropic material. Note that T(RHO) is ignored,
i.e. no temperature dependence for density.
3. As G13, G23, A3, GE, ST, SC, and SS are not supported in MAT2, T(G13),
T(G23), T(A3), T(GE), T(ST), T(SC), and T(SS) are also not supported in
MATT2.

properties.
6. The temperature range specified in TABLEM1 should be as close as

possible to the range of temperature loads in the model. For example, if the
temperature load in the model ranges from 100.0 to 200.0, the temperature
range in the TABLEM1 entries should be about 100.0 to 200.0 and not 0.0
to 1000.0.
7. To define temperature-dependent orthotropic material for shell elements, it

is recommended to use MAT8 with MATT8 instead of MAT2 with
MATT2.
MATT3 Axisymmetric Element Orthotropic Material Temperature

Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT3 MID T(EX) T(ETH) T(EZ) T(NUXTH)T(NUTHZ) T(NUZX) T(RHO)
T(GZX) T(AX) T(ATH) T(AZ) T(GE)
Remarks:
1. Defines a temperature-dependent elastic orthotropic material which may be
used by axisymmetric elements CQUADX4, CQUADX8, CTRAX3 and
CTRAX6.
2. T(GE) and T(RHO) are ignored.

properties.
MATT4 Thermal Material Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT4 MID T(K) T(CP) T(H) T() T(HGEN)
Remarks:
1. T() is ignored.

properties.
3. The TABLEM1 entries for T(K) and T(CP) must have the same number of
temperature points with the same temperature values.
MATT5 Thermal Anisotropic Material Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT5 MID T(KXX) T(KXY) T(KXZ) T(KYY) T(KYZ) T(KZZ) T(CP)
T(HGEN)
Remarks:
1. MATT5 defines temperature-dependent thermal properties for material with
orthotropic thermal conductivity. T(KXY), T(KXZ) and T(KYZ) are
ignored.

properties.
3. The TABLEM1 entries for T(KXX), T(KYY), T(KZZ) and T(CP) must
have the same number of temperature points with the same temperature
values.
MATT8 Shell Orthotropic Material Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT8 MID T(E1) T(E2) T(NU12) T(G12) T(G1Z) T(G2Z) T(RHO)
T(A1) T(A2) T(Xt) T(Xc) T(Yt) T(Yc) T(S)
T(GE) T(F12)
Remarks:
1. T(RHO), T(Xt), T(Xc), T(Yt), T(Yc), T(S), T(GE) and T(F12) are ignored.

properties.
MATT9 Solid Element Anisotropic Material Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT9 MID T(G11) T(G12) T(G13) T(G14) T(G15) T(G16) T(G22)
T(G23) T(G24) T(G25) T(G26) T(G33) T(G34) T(G35) T(G36)
T(G44) T(G45) TG(46) T(G55) T(G56) T(G66) T(RHO) T(A1)
T(A2) T(A3) T(A4) T(A5) T(A6) T(GE)
Remarks:
1. Defines a temperature-dependent elastic orthotropic material for ADINA.
2. T(G11), T(G12), T(G13), T(G22), T(G23), T(G33), T(G44), T(G55),
T(G66), T(A1), T(A2), and T(A3) are used to define a temperature-
dependent orthotropic material. Note that T(RHO) is ignored, i.e. no
temperature dependence for density.
3. As G14, G15, G16, G24, G25, G26, G34, G35, G36, G45, G46, G56, A4,
A5, A6, and GE are not supported in MAT9, T(G14), T(G15), T(G16),
T(G24), T(G25), T(G26), T(G34), T(G35), T(G36), T(G45), T(G46),
T(G56), T(A4), T(A5), T(A6), and T(GE) are also not supported in
MATT9.
properties.
6. The temperature range specified in TABLEM1 should be as close as
possible to the range of temperature loads in the model. For example, if the
temperature load in the model ranges from 100.0 to 200.0, the temperature
range in the TABLEM1 entries should be about 100.0 to 200.0 and not 0.0
to 1000.0.
7. To define temperature-dependent orthotropic material for solid elements, it
is recommended to use MAT11 with MATT11 instead of MAT9 with
MATT9.
MATT11 Solid Orthotropic Material Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATT11 MID T(E1) T(E2) T(E3) T(NU12) T(NU13) T(NU23) T(G12)
T(G13) T(G23) T(RHO) T(A1) T(A2) T(A3) T(GE)
Remarks:
1. T(RHO) is ignored, i.e. no temperature dependence for mass density. T(GE)
is also ignored.

properties.
temperature points is 16.
MATTC Creep Material Temperature Dependence

Specifies temperature-dependent creep coefficients on CREEP entry fields via
TABLEM1 entries.
Format:
MATTC MID T(a) T(b) T(d)
Example:
MATTC 111 3 4
Field Contents
MID Material identification number of a CREEP entry. (Integer >0). See
remark 1.
T(a), T(b), Identification number of a TABLEM1 entry that gives the
T(d) temperature dependence of the creep coefficient. (Integer > 0). See
remarks 2 and 3.
Remarks:
1. Only TYPE=300 in CREEP entry can be used with MATTC entry.
points with the same temperature values.
3. In TABLEM1 entry for T(a), the YAXIS field may be LINEAR or LOG.
MATVE Viscoelastic material properties
Specifies viscoelastic material properties for advanced nonlinear analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MATVE MID GFUNC KFUNC RHO ALPHA
SHIFT C1 C2 T0
Example:
MATVE 3 1 2
2 3800.0 0.003 100.0
Field Contents
MID Material identification number. (Integer > 0).
GFUNC Table identification number of a TABVE entry that contains a series
of shear modulii and decay coefficients to represent the shear
modulus relaxation function of the material.
KFUNC Table identification number of a TABVE entry that contains a series
of bulk modulii and decay coefficients to represent the bulk
modulus relaxation function of the material.
RHO Mass density. (Real; Default=0.0)
ALPHA Coefficient of thermal expansion. (Real; Default=0.0)
SHIFT Time-temperature superposition shift law. (Integer, Default=1)
1: Use WLF (Williams-Landel-Ferry) shift function
2: Use Arrhenius shift function
C1, C2 Material constants used by the WLF or Arrhenius shift function.
(Real; Default=0.0)
T0 Reference temperature used by the WLF or Arrhenius shift function.
(Real; Default=0.0)
Remarks:
1. MATVE may be used with the rod, plane stress, plane strain, axisymmetric,
solid and shell elements. Hence, it may be referenced directly by PROD,
PPLANE, PSOLID, PSHELL and PCOMP entries.
MOMENT Static Force
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MOMENT SID G CID M N1 N2 N3
Remarks:
1. Defines a concentrated moment load for ADINA.
2. To apply a moment with constant magnitude, SID is selected by Case

Control command LOAD = SID for both static and transient analyses.
3. To apply a time-dependent moment, SID is referenced by the field

EXCITEID = SID in the TLOAD1 entry. Time-dependent loads are selected
by Case Control command DLOAD.
MOMENT1 Static Moment, Alternate Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MOMENT1 SID G M G1 G2
Remarks:
2. If G1=G or G2=G, the moment is a follower moment in large displacement

analysis (i.e., PARAM,LGDISP,1). Otherwise, the direction of the moment
is defined by the original positions of G1 and G2 and does not change even
for large displacement analysis.


MOMENT2 Static Moment, Alternate Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MOMENT2 SID G F G1 G2 G3 G4
Remarks:
2. The direction of the moment is defined by the original positions of G1 to

G4 and does not change during the analysis.


MPC Multipoint Constraint
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MPC SID G1 C1 A1 G2 C2 A2
G3 C3 A3 -etc.-
Remarks:
1. Defines constraint equations for ADINA.
2. Gi must be a grid point and not a scalar point.
3. Multipoint constraints are only approximately satisfied in explicit analysis,

since imposing the constraints exactly results in a non-diagonal mass
matrix.
4. A dependent degree-of-freedom may not be assigned as independent by

another rigid element or by a multipoint constraint. An error message will
be issued in such a case.
MPCADD Multipoint Constraint Set Combination
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MPCADD SID S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
S8 S9 -etc.-
NXSTRAT Strategy Parameters for Advanced Nonlinear Structural Analysis
Defines parameters for solution control and strategy in advanced nonlinear

structural analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
NXSTRAT ID Param1 Value1 Param2 Value2 Param3 Value3
Example:
NXSTRAT 1 AUTO 1 MAXITE 30 RTOL 0.005

ATSNEXT 3
Field Contents
ID Identification number. Currently not used. (Integer 0)
PARAMi Name of the NXSTRAT parameter. Allowable names are given in
the Table below. See remark 1 for parameters applicable to explicit
analysis. (Character)
VALUEi Value of the parameter. See Table. (Real or integer)
NXSTRAT Parameter Table
Name Description
Analysis Control Parameters

SOLVER Selects the solver to use. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Direct sparse solver
1 Multigrid solver
2 3D iterative solver
Name Description
AUTO Indicates whether automatic incrementation scheme is enabled.

0 No automatic incrementation scheme is used
1 Automatic time stepping (ATS) scheme is enabled
2 Automatic load-displacement control (LDC) scheme is enabled
3 Total load application (TLA) scheme is enabled. Program
ignores any time step (TSTEP) and time function (TABLEDi)
specified. Instead, 50 time steps of size 0.2 is used with a linear
ramp time function to reach a load factor of 1.0 at time of 10.0. In
addition, the follow settings are used:
maximum number of equilibrium iterations is 30
the smallest time step size is 1/64 of initial step size
line search is used
maximum displacement in each iteration is 5% of maximum
model dimension
4 Total load application with stabilization (TLA-S) scheme is
enabled. In addition to TLA, the following stabilization is used:
matrix stabilization factor of 1.0e-10
low speed dynamics
contact damping
Note: See sections below for parameters that may be specified for
each of these schemes. Although the TLA and TLA-S schemes
include the use of the automatic time stepping (ATS) scheme, the
ATS set of parameters do not apply directly. Instead, the TLA set
of parameters should be used to control the TLA or TLA-S
schemes.
NPOSIT Indicates whether analysis continues when the system matrix is not
positive definite. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Analysis may stop
1 Analysis continues
Notes:
If NPOSIT=0, analysis stops unless
AUTO > 0 is specified
contact analysis is being performed
It is not recommended to set NPOSIT=1 for a linear analysis.
Name Description
MASSTYP Selects the type of mass matrix to be used in dynamic analysis.

0 Lumped mass is used
1 Consistent mass is used
Analysis Options
TINT Integration order for the local t-direction (through thickness) of
shell elements with nonlinear elastic and elasto-plastic materials.
By default, 5-point Newton-Cotes is used for single-layered shell
and 3-point Newton-Cotes is used for multi-layered shell. Note
that 2-point Gauss integration is always used for all shell elements
with linear elastic materials. (Integer; Default = 0).
1 TINT 6 Gauss integration method with integration order
TINT
-3, -5, -7 Newton-Cotes integration with order -TINT
ICMODE Indicates whether incompatible modes are used for 4-node shell
plane strain and plane stress elements. See Remark 4. (Integer;
Default = 0)
0 Incompatible modes are not used
1 Incompatible modes are used
Note: In restarting from implicit analysis to explicit analysis or
vice versa, ICMODE needs to be specified such that both analyses
use the same option.
MSTAB Indicates whether the stiffness matrix stabilization feature is used.
0 Matrix stabilization is not used
1 Matrix stabilization is used
2 Matrix stabilization is used if the ratio of maximum/minimum
diagonal of factorized matrix is greater than 1.0E10
MSFAC Matrix stabilization factor. (Real; Default = 1.0E-10)
DTDELAY Element death time delay. (Real; Default = 0.0)
When an element becomes dead because it is too deformed or
due to TDEATH in EBDSET entry, its contribution to the overall
stiffness of the structure is removed. By specifying DTDELAY >
0.0, the contribution from the element stiffness is gradually
reduced to zero over time DTDELAY instead of being suddenly
removed. This may help in the convergence of the solution.
Name Description
SDOFANG Angle used to determine whether a shell mid-surface node is

assigned 5 or 6 degrees of freedom. (Real; Default = 5.0)
DRILLKF On shell nodes where the drilling stiffness is zero, this factor is
multiplied by the maximum rotational stiffness at the node and
assigned as the drilling stiffness. (0.0 < Real < 1.0; Default = 1.0E-
4)
UPFORM Indicates whether u/p formulation is used for elements. Note that
u/p formulation is always used for hyperelastic elements and
always not used for hyperfoam elements and elastic elements with
Poissons ratio less than 0.48. It is also not used for gasket
elements. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 u/p formulation is not used
1 u/p formulation is used instead of displacement-based
formulation
ULFORM Indicates which large strain formulation is used. (Integer; Default
= 0)
0 Updated Lagrangian-Jaumann (ULJ) formulation is used for
explicit analysis and Updated Lagrangian-Hencky (ULH)
formulation is used for implicit analysis.
1 Use ULH formulation
2 Use ULJ formulation
Note: In restarting from implicit analysis to explicit analysis or
vice versa, ULFORM needs to be specified such that both analyses
use the same formulation.
DISPOPT Indicates whether prescribed displacements are applied to the
original configuration or the deformed configuration. This option
is only applicable for a restart analysis or when a delay (or arrival)
time is specified for the prescribed displacement. (Integer; Default
= 0)
0 Applied to original configuration
1 Applied to deformed configuration
Name Description
LOADOPT Indicates whether prescribed loads (pressure and centrifugal) are

deformation-dependent, i.e. the direction and magnitude of the
load may change due to large deformation of the structure. This
option is only applicable for large displacement analysis, i.e.
PARAM,LGDISP,1 (Integer; Default = 1)
0 Load is independent of structural deformation
1 Load is affected by structural deformation
MAXDISP Specifies a limit for the maximum incremental displacement that is
allowed for any grid in any equilibrium iteration. This feature is
generally useful for contact analysis where rigid body motion
exists in a model. A value of 0.0 means there is no limit on
incremental displacements for dynamic analysis or analysis
without contact. For static analysis with contact, the maximum
incremental displacement is 1% of the maximum model dimension
if MAXDISP=0.0. (Real 0.0; Default = 0.0)
Time Integration
TINTEG Selects the time integration method to be used for nonlinear
transient analysis. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Use the Newmark method
1 Use the ADINA composite method
ALPHA Alpha coefficient for the Newmark time integration method. (Real;
Default = 0.25)
DELTA Delta coefficient for the Newmark method. (Real; Default = 0.5)
Explicit Analysis Time Stepping

XSTEP Selects time step method used in an explicit time integration
analysis. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Time step size is calculated by the program based on the
critical time step size. The data in the selected TSTEP bulk data
entry is used to calculate the total solution time for the analysis.
1 The number of time steps and the time step size as specified in
the selected TSTEP bulk data entry is used.
XDTCAL Calculation of the critical time step size may be computationally
expensive. This parameter specifies that the critical time step size
be re-calculated every XDTCAL time steps. (Integer > 0, Default =
1)
Name Description
XDTFAC The critical time step size is calculated based on certain

assumptions. It is often necessary, especially for nonlinear
analysis, to use a time step size smaller than the calculated critical
time step size. The factor multiplied by the calculated critical time
step size gives the time step size used in the analysis. (4.0 > Real >
0.0, Default = 0.9)
XMSCALE Specifies the factor to scale the mass (densities) of the entire model
(at the beginning of the analysis) to increase the critical time step
size required for stability when the explicit time integration
scheme is used. See warning in Remark 2. (Real 1.0, Default =
1.0)
XDTMIN1 The minimum time step size used to determine if mass scaling will
be applied to elements (at the beginning of the analysis) whose
critical time step size is smaller than DTMIN1. The amount of
mass scaling is calculated for each element so that the critical time
step size is equal to DTMIN1. See Remark 2 and warning in
Remark 3. (Real 0.0, Default = 0.0)
XDTMIN2 The minimum time step size used to determine whether an element
will be removed in an explicit time integration analysis. In explicit
time integration, the smaller an element size is, the smaller will the
critical time step size be. If the critical time step size for an
element is smaller than XDTMIN2, the element will be removed in
the analysis. See Remark 2 and warning in Remark 3. (Real > 0.0,
Default = 0.0)
Iterative Solver
ITEMAX Maximum number of iterations allowed for the multigrid or 3D-
iterative solver to converge. (Integer > 0; Default = 1000 for
multigrid solver and 200 for 3D-iterative solver)
EPSIA Convergence tolerance EPSIA. (Real; Default = 1.0E-6)
EPSIB Convergence tolerance EPSIB. (Real; Default = 1.0E-4)
EPSII Convergence tolerance EPSII. (Real; Default = 1.0E-8)
Equilibrium Iteration and Convergence

Name Description
LSEARCH Flag to indicate the use of line searches within the iteration
scheme. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Line search is not used
1 Line search is used
LSLOWER Lower bound for line search. See Remark 4. (0.0 Real < 1.0;
Default = 1E-6)
LSUPPER Upper bound for line search. (1.0 Real; Default = 1.0 for contact
analysis and 8.0 for analysis with no contact)
PLASALG Selects the algorithm used in plasticity. (Integer; Default = 1)
1 Algorithm 1 is used
2 Algorithm 2 is used
Note: For a given time step size, if the iterations do not converge
with algorithm 1 because the Jacobian determinant in the elements
becomes non-positive, switching to algorithm 2 can sometimes
enable convergence.
MAXITE Maximum number of iterations within a time step. If the maximum
number of iterations is reached without achieving convergence
(see CONVCRI parameter), the program will stop unless the
automatic time stepping (ATS) or load displacement control
scheme is selected (see parameter AUTO). (1 Integer 999;
Default = 15)
CONVCRI Convergence Criteria. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Convergence based on energy
1 Convergence based on energy and force
2 Convergence based on energy and displacement
3 Convergence based on force
4 Convergence based on displacement
ETOL Relative energy tolerance. (Real; Default = 0.001 if AUTO2;
Default = 1.0e-6 if AUTO=2)
RTOL Relative force (and moment) tolerance (Real; Default = 0.01)
RNORM Reference force. (Real)
RMNORM Reference moment. (Real)
RCTOL Relative contact force tolerance. (Real; Default = 0.05)
DTOL Relative displacement (translation and rotation) tolerance. (Real;
Default = 0.01)
DNORM Reference translation. (Real)
DMNORM Reference rotation. (Real)
Name Description
STOL Line search convergence tolerance. (Real; Default = 0.5)

RCONSM Reference contact force. (Real; Default = 0.01)
ENLSTH Line search energy threshold. (Real; Default = 0.0)
Automatic Time Stepping (ATS) Scheme

ATSSUBD Number that limits the smallest time step size when the automatic
time stepping (ATS) scheme is used. For a time step size of DT,
the program will stop if convergence is not achieved and the next
subdivided time step size is less than DT/ATSSUBD. (Integer 1;
Default = 10)
ATSMXDT Factor that limits the maximum time step size when the automatic
time stepping (ATS) scheme is used. In a static analysis with
ATSNEXT = 2, ATSLOWS = 0, only one time step block (i.e.,
TSTEP entry has only one line), and there is no
temperature or temperature gradient loading, the ATS scheme may
increase the time step size after convergence is achieved. In such a
case, for a time step size of DT, the program will not use a time
step size greater than ATSMXDT * DT. (Real; Default = 3.0)
ATSNEXT Flag controls what time step size to use once convergence is
reached after an ATS subdivision. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Automatically set by program. For contact analysis,
ATSNEXT = 2, otherwise ATSNEXT = 1.
1 Use the time step size that gave convergence, i.e., the reduced
time step that led to convergence is used again.
2 Return to the original time step size, i.e., the original time step
size before any subdivision took place is used.
3 Use a time step size such that the solution time matches the
original solution time specified by the user.
ATSDFAC Division factor used calculate the sub-increment time step size. If
current time step size is DT and convergence is not achieved, the
next time step size will be DT/ATSDFAC. (Real > 1.0; Default =
2.0)
ATSLOWS Flag whether a low-speed dynamics analysis is performed instead
of a static analysis. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Low-speed dynamics option is not activated
1 Low-speed dynamics is performed
Name Description
ATSDAMP Damping factor used in low-speed dynamics analysis. (Real 0.0;

Default = 1.0e-4)
ATSMASS Inertia factor used in low-speed dynamics analysis. (0.0 Real
1.0; Default = 1.0)
Load Displacement Control (LDC) Scheme

LDCGRID Grid point id at which a displacement is prescribed for the first
solution step. (Integer > 0)
LDCDOF Degree of freedom for prescribed displacement at grid point
LDCGRID. (1 Integer 6)
1 X translation
2 Y translation
3 Z translation
4 X rotation
5 Y rotation
6 Z rotation
LDCDISP Prescribed displacement at grid point LDCGRID for the first
solution step. (Real)
LDCIMAX Displacement convergence factor used to limit the maximum
incremental displacement during a solution step. If the incremental
displacements exceed (100 * LDCIMAX * displacements in the
first step), the current solution step will be repeated with a reduced
load factor. (Real; Default = 3.0)
LDCDMAX Maximum (absolute magnitude) displacement (for the degree of
freedom specified by LDCDOF) at the grid point LDCGRID
allowed during the analysis. When the displacement reaches or
exceeds LDCDMAX, the program will stop the analysis. (Real)
LDCCONT Flag whether the solution is terminated when the first critical point
on the equilibrium path is reached. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Solution stops
1 Solution continues
LDCSUBD Maximum number of arc length subdivisions allowed. (Integer 1;
Default = 10)
Total Load Application (TLA) Scheme

Name Description
TLANSTP Number of time steps to use for the solution. The step size is
automatically adjusted to obtain a total time of 10.0. (Integer > 0;
Default = 50)
TLAMXIT Maximum number of equilibrium iterations allowed to achieve
convergence in any time step (subdivided or accelerated). (1
Integer 999; Default = 30)
TLAMXDF Maximum displacement factor. The maximum incremental
displacement allowed in any time step is equal to TLAMXDF *
(maximum model dimension). TLAMXDF = 0.0 means there is no
limit on the maximum incremental displacement. (Real 0.0;
Default = 0.05)
TLASTBF Stiffness matrix stabilization factor. If TLASTBF = 0.0, then the
stiffness matrix stabilization feature is not used. Applicable only to
TLA-S (AUTO=4) scheme. (Real 0.0; Default = 1.0E-10)
TLALSDF Low-speed dynamics damping factor. If TLALSDF = 0.0, then the
low-speed dynamics option is not used. Applicable only to TLA-S
(AUTO=4) scheme. (Real 0.0; Default = 1.0E-4)
TLALSMF Low-speed dynamics inertia factor. Applicable only to TLA-S
(AUTO=4) scheme. (0.0 Real 1.0; Default = 1.0)
TLACTDF Contact damping factor. The amount of contact damping used in
the solution is equal to TLACTDF * (damping determined by the
program). If TLACTDF = 0.0, then contact damping is not used.
Applicable only to TLA-S (AUTO=4) scheme. (Real 0.0;
Default = 0.001)
Contact Control
IMPACT Impact control scheme (Integer; Default = 1)
0 No special treatment is applied for impact problems
1 Post impact adjustment of velocities and accelerations is
applied
2 Modified parameters are used in Newmark time integration
scheme
Name Description
NSUPP Number of iterations for pairing contactor node to target segment.

If NSUPP > 0, during the first NSUPP iterations, the pairing target
segment is recorded for each contactor node. From iteration
NSUPP+1, if a target segment in the recorded list is repeated, it is
frozen to be the pairing target segment for the remaining
equilibrium iterations in that time step. Specifying NSUPP > 0
may help in the convergence for certain problems.
(0 Integer 99; Default = 0)
CSTYPE Selects the type of contact segment to use. (Integer; Default = 1)
0 Use linear contact segment
1 Use element-based contact segment which gives better contact
traction results
Note: CSTYPE = 1 is only applicable for contact algorithm TYPE
= 0 or XTYPE = 0 or 1 in BCTPARA entry.
CTDISP Selects the default displacement formulation used for contact
analysis. A different formulation may be selected for each
individual contact set via BCTPARA entry. (Integer; Default = 0 /
2)
0 or 2 Use large displacement formulation
1 Use small displacement formulation
Note: If CTDISP = 1 is selected, the search of target segments for
the contactor nodes is performed only at the beginning of the
analysis.
RTALG Selects the rigid-target algorithm to use. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Use the current algorithm
1 Use the old (v8.3) algorithm. RTALG=1 is retained for
backward compatibility only and is not recommended.
FRICALG Selects the friction algorithm to use. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Use the current algorithm
1 Use the old (v8.3) algorithm. FRICALG=1 is retained for
backward compatibility only and is not recommended.
TNSLCF Indicates whether tensile consistent contact forces on quadratic 3D
contact segments are allowed. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Not allowed
1 - Allowed
Name Description
CTDAMP Indicates whether stabilization damping is applied and how it is

applied for contact analysis. This feature is generally useful when
rigid body motion exists in a model. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 No stabilization damping is applied
1 Stabilization damping is applied at the first time step only. The
specified damping coefficients are applied and ramped down to
zero by the end of the first time step.
2 The specified stabilization damping coefficients are applied at
all time steps.
CTDAMPN Specifies the normal stabilization-damping coefficient. (Real 0.0,
Default = 0.0)
CTDAMPT Specifies the tangential stabilization-damping coefficient. (Real
0.0, Default = 0.0)
Restart Options
MODEX Indicates the mode of execution. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Normal analysis run, i.e. not a restart analysis
1 Restart analysis
2 Recover results from restart (.res) file without running analysis
for any additional time steps. MODEX=2 is supported only for
static and implicit dynamic analyses.
TSTART Solution starting time. If MODEX=1 or 2, TSTART must equal a
solution time in which data was saved in a previous run. If
TSTART = 0.0, the last time step in the restart file is used. (Real,
Default = 0.0)
IRINT Frequency of saving the analysis results in the restart file. (Integer;
Default = 0)
0 IRINT is set to 1 when implicit time integration is used and set
to the number of steps in the first time step block when explicit
time integration is used.
> 0 Restart file is overwritten every IRINT time steps
< 0 Restart file is appended every IRINT time steps
Other Parameters
Name Description
NSUBGRP Number of sub-groups to divide large number of elements with

same property ID into. Normally, elements with same type and
property ID are placed into a group. If a group contains more than
1000 elements and NSUBGRP > 1, the elements are placed into
NSUBGRP sub-groups for more efficient processing. If
NSUBGRP=0, the program automatically divides an element
group with more than 9999 elements into sub-groups. (Integer 0;
Default = 0)
XTCURVE Indicates whether the table in TABLES1 entry is extended by
linear extrapolation of the two last points. (Integer; Default = 1)
0 Table is not extended. This option may be used to allow
element rupture at the last specified strain value.
1 Table is extended
Note: XTCURVE is only applicable for the multilinear-plastic
material model and not for the nonlinear elastic material model.
CVSSVAL Indicates whether the values in TABLES1 entry are converted
from engineering stress-strain to true stress-strain. (Integer;
Default = 0)
0 No conversion of stress strain value
1 Convert engineering stress and strain values to true stress and
strain values.
Note: CVSSVAL is only applicable for the multilinear-plastic
material model.
ELRESCS Indicates the coordinate system used for output of nonlinear 3D
element stress/strain results. For linear results, the coordinate
system used for output is specified by CORDM in PSOLID entry.
0 Results are output in element coordinate system
1 Results are output material coordinate system
BOLTSTP Number of steps for applying the bolt pre-load force. BOLTSTP
may be used to apply the bolt pre-load force incrementally if the
solution fails to converge when the total pre-load force is applied
in one step. (Integer > 0; Default = 1)
Translation Options
Name Description
ELCV Convert 8-node to 9-node quadrilateral (plane strain, axisymmetric

and shell) elements and 20-node to 27-node brick elements. Note
that this also converts 6-node to 7-node triangular (plane strain and
axisymmetric) elements and 10-node to 11-node tetrahedral
elements. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 No conversion of elements
1 Convert elements as described above; nodal coincidence is not
checked against existing nodes and new generated nodes are
always created.
2 Convert elements as described above; nodal coincidence is
checked against existing nodes and a new node will not be created
at a location if a node already exist at that location.
EQRBAR Indicates how RBAR elements are handled. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 RBAR is simulated using rigid option in small displacement
analysis and using flexible option in large displacement analysis.
1 RBAR is simulated using rigid option (i.e. simulated by rigid
link or constraint equations as determined by program)
2 RBAR is simulated using flexible option (i.e. simulated by
spring or beam elements as determined by program)
3 RBAR is simulated by spring elements
See description in RBAR entry for details on how RBAR elements
are handled.
EQRBE2 Indicates how RBE2 elements are handled. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 RBE2 is simulated using rigid option in small displacement
analysis and using flexible option in large displacement analysis.
1 RBE2 is simulated using rigid option (i.e. simulated by rigid
links or constraint equations as determined by program)
2 RBE2 is simulated using flexible option (i.e. simulated by
spring or beam elements as determined by program)
3 RBE2 is simulated by spring elements
See description in RBAR entry for details on how RBE2 elements
are handled.
Name Description
SPRINGK Stiffness of spring elements that simulate RBAR or RBE2

elements. (Real, Default = 0.0)
If SPRINGK = 0.0, program automatically sets SPRINGK to
SPRINGK = EMAX * LMODEL
where EMAX = maximum Youngs Modulus of materials in the
model and LMODEL = largest dimension of the model. If no
material is specified in the model, EMAX is set to 1.0E12.
BEAME Youngs Modulus of material assigned to beam elements that
simulate RBAR or RBE2 elements. (Real, Default = 0.0)
If BEAME = 0.0, BEAME is set to EMAX * 100.0
where EMAX = maximum Youngs Modulus of materials in the
model. If no material is specified in the model, EMAX is set to
1.0E12.
BEAMA Circular cross section area of beam elements that simulate RBAR
or RBE2 elements. (Real, Default = 0.0)
If BEAMA = 0.0, program automatically sets BEAMA according
to the following calculation:
BEAMA = (LMODEL * 0.01)2
where LMODEL = largest dimension of the model
RBLCRIT Critical length for determining how RBAR and RBE2 elements are
simulated when the rigid or flexible option is used to simulate
RBAR (see EQRBAR) and RBE2 (see EQRBE2). (Real, Default =
0.0)
If RBLCRIT = 0.0, then
if EQRBAR (or EQRBE2) = 1,
RBLCRIT = LMODEL * 1.0E-6
if EQRBAR (or EQRBE2) = 2,
RBLCRIT = LMODEL * 1.0E-3
Remarks:
1. Parameters applicable to explicit analysis are:
XSTEP, XDTCAL, XDTFAC, XMSCALE, XDTMIN1 and XDTMIN2
are only used for explicit analysis.
TINT, ICMODE, DTDELAY, SDOFANG, UPFORM, ULFORM,
LOADOPT, MODEX, TSTART, IRINT, NSUBGRP, ELRESCS,
XTCURVE and CVSSVAL parameters can be used for explicit
analysis.
2. XMSCALE, XDTMIN1 and XDTMIN2 may be used together. XDTMIN1

and DTMIN2 are applied after XMSCALE is applied. If XDTMIN1 and
XDTMIN2 are both used, XDTMIN1 should be greater than XDTMIN2. If
XDTMIN2 XDTMIN1 is specified, XDTMIN1 will be ignored.
3. WARNING: Specifying XMSCALE > 1.0, XDTMIN1 > 0.0 or XDTMIN2

> 0.0 may change the model significantly. Hence, extra care should be
exercised in examining the results when any of these parameters are used.
PBAR Simple Beam Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBAR PID MID A I1 I2 J NSM
C1 C2 D1 D2 E1 E2 F1 F2
K1 K2 I12
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties of a general cross section for ADINA beam elements.
2. NSM, C1, C2, D1, D2, E1, E2, F1, F2, and I12 are ignored.
3. For structural problems, MID must reference a MAT1 or MATPLCY

material entry.
4. For heat transfer problems, MID must reference a MAT4 material entry.
5. PBAR cannot be used with the bilinear-plastic (MATS1 entry) material.

Instead, PBARL with circular (TYPE=ROD or TUBE) or rectangular
(TYPE=BAR) cross sections must be used.
PBARL Simple Beam Cross-Section Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBARL PID MID GROUP TYPE
DIM1 DIM2 DIM3 DIM4 DIM5 DIM6 DIM7 DIM8
DIM9 -etc.- NSM
Remarks:
1. Defines a cross section shape for ADINA beam elements.
2. GROUP and NSM are ignored.
3. TYPE=Z, BOX1, CROSS, HEXA, HAT, and HAT1 are not
supported.
material entry.
6. For bilinear-plastic beam elements, circular (TYPE=ROD or TUBE) or
rectangular (TYPE=BAR) cross sections must be used.
7. The ADINA cross section type corresponding to the supported Nastran
cross section type is listed in the table below.
Nastran Cross Section (TYPE) ADINA Cross Section
ROD or TUBE PIPE
BAR RECT
BOX BOX
I, I1 or H I
CHAN, CHAN1 or CHAN2 U
T or T1 PROPERTIES
PBCOMP Beam Property (Alternate Form of PBEAM)
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBCOMP PID MID A I1 I2 I12 J NSM
K1 K2 M1 M2 N1 N2 SYMOPT
Y1 Z1 C1 MID1
Y2 Z2 C2 MID2
-etc.-
Remarks:
2. Only MID, A, I1, I2, J, K1, and K2 are used to define the properties of a
simple beam. All other fields are ignored.
material entry.
5. The neutral axis and shear center are assumed to be coincident with the
element x-axis.
PBEAM Beam Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBEAM PID MID A(A) I1(A) I2(A) I12(A) J(A) NSM(A)
C1(A) C2(A) D1(A) D2(A) E1(A) E2(A) F1(A) F2(A)
...
K1 K2 S1 S2 NSI(A) NSI(B) CW(A) CW(B)

M1(A) M2(A) M1(B) M2(B) N1(A) N2(A) N1(B) N2(B)
Remarks:
2. Tapered beams are not supported. Hence, only the properties at end A are
used and a constant cross section is assumed, i.e., only A(A), I1(A), I2(A),
J(A), K1, and K2 are used for the properties of the beam element.
3. I12(A), NSM(A), S1, S2, and all fields for intermediate stations and end B
are ignored.
material entry.
element x-axis.
7. The behavior of a CBEAM element is the same as a CBAR element in
ADINA.
PBEAML Beam Cross-Section Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBEAML PID MID GROUP TYPE
DIM1(A) DIM2(A) -etc.- DIMn(A) NSM(A) SO(1) X(1)/XB DIM1(1)
DIM2(1) -etc.- DIMn(1) NSM(1) SO(2) X(2)/XB DIM1(2) DIM2(2)
-etc.- DIMn(2) NSM(2) -etc.- SO(m) X(m)/XB DIM1(m) -etc.-
DIMn(m) NSM(m) SO(B) 1.0 DIM1(B) DIM2(B) -etc.- DIMn(B)
NSM(B)
Remarks:
1. Defines a cross section shape for ADINA beam elements.
2. Tapered beams are not supported. Hence, only the dimensions at end A are
used and a constant cross section is assumed, i.e., only DIM1(A), DIM2(A),
to DIMn(A) are used for the properties of the beam element.
3. GROUP, NSM(A), and all fields for intermediate stations and end B are
ignored.
4. TYPE = L, Z, BOX1, CROSS, HEXA, HAT, and HAT1 are
not supported.
material entry.
7. No shear stiffness correction is used.
element x-axis.
9. See table in PBARL for the ADINA cross section type corresponding the
supported Nastran cross section type.
PBUSH Generalized Spring-and-Damper Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBUSH PID K K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6
B B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6
GE GE1 GE2 GE3 GE4 GE5 GE6
RCV SA ST EA ET
Remarks:
1. The GE and RCV entry rows are not supported.
PBUSH1D Rod Type Spring-and-Damper Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBUSH1D PID K C M SA SB
SHOCKA TYPE CVT CVC EXPVT EXPVC IDTS
IDETS IDECS IDETSD IDECSD
SPRING TYPE IDT IDC IDTDU IDCDU
DAMPER TYPE IDT IDC IDTDV IDCDV
GENER IDT IDC IDTDU IDCDU IDTDV IDCDV
Remarks:
1. Defines properties for an ADINA geometric nonlinear spring.
2. Only SPRING continuation entry line is supported. Warning is issued for

other continuation entry lines.
3. Only following fields are supported PID, K, C, M, SA, and TYPE and
IDT in SPRING. Hence, the spring stiffness may be nonlinear but the
damping is linear.
4. Only TYPE=TABLE (or blank) is supported. Otherwise, a fatal error is

issued.
PBUSHT Nonlinear Force Deflection Spring Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PBUSHT PID K TKID1 TKID2 TKID3 TKID4 TKID5 TKID6
B TBID1 TBID2 TBID3 TBID4 TBID5 TBID6
GE TGEID1 TGEID2 TGEID3 TGEID4 TGEID5 TGEID6
KN TKNID1 TKNID2 TKNID3 TKNID4 TKNID5 TKNID6
Remarks:
1. Only the KN entry row is supported.
PCOMP Layered Composite Element Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PCOMP PID Z0 NSM SB FT TREF GE LAM
MID1 T1 THETA1 SOUT1 MID2 T2 THETA2 SOUT2
MID3 T3 THETA3 SOUT3 -etc.-
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties of each layer in a multi-layer shell element.
2. Z0, NSM, SB, FT, TREF, GE, LAM, and SOUTi are ignored.
3. MIDi must reference a MAT1, MAT2, MAT8, MATSMA or MATVE

material property entry.
4. Elasto-plastic material model is supported, but not nonlinear elastic material

model. That is, a MATS1 entry with TYPE=PLASTIC is supported, but not
TYPE=NLELAST.
5. Note that large strain formulation is not available for multi-layered shell
elements.
PCOMPG Layered Composite Element Property with global ply IDs
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PCOMPG PID Z0 NSM SB FT TREF GE LAM
GPLYIDi MIDi Ti THETAi SOUTi
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties of each layer in a multi-layer shell element.
2. Z0, NSM, SB, FT, TREF, GE, LAM, and SOUTi are ignored.
3. MIDi must reference a MAT1, MAT2, MAT8, MATSMA or MATVE

material property entry.
4. Elasto-plastic material model is supported, but not nonlinear elastic material

model. That is, a MATS1 entry with TYPE=PLASTIC is supported, but not
TYPE=NLELAST.
5. Note that large strain formulation is not available for multi-layered shell
elements.
PCONV Convection Property Definition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PCONV PCONID MID FORM EXPF
Remarks:
1. FORM and EXPF are ignored.
2. The convective heat transfer is represented as
q = H (T TAMB), CNTRLND=0
q = (H uCNTRLND) (T TAMB), CNTRLND0
3. In calculating the convection film coefficient, SOL 601 uses the surface
temperatures at the integration points of the element (closest to FORM=10).
PDAMP Scalar Damper Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PDAMP PID1 B1 PID2 B2 PID3 B3 PID4 B4
Remarks:
1. Defines the damping coefficients of spring elements for ADINA.
PELAS Scalar Elastic Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PELAS PID1 K1 GE1 S1 PID2 K2 GE2 S2
Remarks:
1. Defines the linear stiffness property of spring elements for ADINA.
2. GEi is ignored.
PELAST Frequency Dependent Elastic Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PELAST PID TKID TGEID TKNID
Remarks:
1. Defines nonlinear stiffness property of spring elements for ADINA.
2. TKID and TGEID are ignored.

PGAP Gap Element Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PGAP PID U0 F0 KA KB KT MU1 MU2
TMAX MAR TRMIN
Remarks:
1. The gap element is simulated by a nonlinear spring element in ADINA
where the axial properties are represented but the transverse properties are
ignored.
2. KT, MU1, MU2, TMAX, MAR, and TRMIN are ignored.

PLOAD Static Pressure Load
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLOAD SID P G1 G2 G3 G4
Remarks:
1. Defines a pressure load on a shell element or on a face of a 3D solid
element for ADINA.
2. To apply a pressure load with constant magnitude, SID is selected by Case

3. To apply a time-dependent pressure load, SID is referenced by the field

4. In large deformation analysis, the direction of pressure loads follows the

deformation of the element by default. The use of LOADOPT = 0 in
NXSTRAT entry causes pressure loads to be independent of deformation,
i.e., the direction of pressure loads maintains its original direction.
PLOAD1 Applied Load on CBAR, CBEAM or CBEND Elements
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLOAD1 SID EID TYPE SCALE X1 P1 X2 P2
Remarks:
1. Defines a distributed load on a beam element for ADINA.
2. TYPE = FXE, MXE, MYE, or MZE is not supported. Only SCALE = FR

is supported.
3. TYPE = MX, MY, or MZ is only supported if X2 = X1 or X2 is blank, i.e.,

as concentrated load.
4. TYPE = FYE or FZE is only supported if X2 X1, i.e. as distributed load.
5. If X2 X1, only X1 = 0.0 and X2 = 1.0 is allowed.
6. If X2 = X1 or X2 is blank, a concentrated load of value P1 will be applied

at the X1 location and only X1=0.0 or X1=1.0 is allowed.
7. To apply a load with constant magnitude (with respect to time), SID is

selected by Case Control command LOAD = SID for both static and
transient analyses.
8. To apply a time-dependent load, SID is referenced by the field EXCITEID

9. In large deformation analysis, the direction of distributed loads (TYPE =

FYE or FZE only) follows the deformation of the element by default. The
use of LOADOPT = 0 in NXSTRAT entry causes distributed loads to be
independent of deformation, i.e., the direction of distributed loads maintains
its original direction.
PLOAD2 Uniform Normal Pressure Load on Surface Elements
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLOAD2 SID P EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5 EID6
Remarks:
1. Defines a pressure load on shell elements for ADINA.
2. To apply a pressure load with constant magnitude, SID is selected by Case



PLOAD4 Pressure Load on Surface and Faces of Solid Elements
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLOAD4 SID EID P1 P2 P3 P4 G1 G3 or G4
CID N1 N2 N3
Remarks:
1. Defines a pressure load on a shell element or on a face of a 3D solid
element for ADINA.
2. To apply a pressure load with constant magnitude (with respect to time),

SID is selected by Case Control command LOAD = SID for both static and
transient analyses.

4. In large deformation analysis, the direction of normal pressure loads (i.e.,

CID, N1, N2 and N3 not specified) follows the deformation of the element
by default. The use of LOADOPT = 0 in NXSTRAT entry causes pressure
loads to be independent of deformation, i.e., the direction of pressure loads
maintains its original direction.
5. CID, if specified, must be a rectangular coordinate system. Otherwise an

error message will be issued.
PLOADE1 Pressure Load on Plane Strain and Plane Stress Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLOADE1 SID EID PA PB GA GB THETA
Remarks:
1. Defines a pressure load on a 2D plane strain or plane stress element
(CPLSTN3, CPLSTN4, CPLSTN6, CPLSTN8, CPLSTS3, CPLSTS4,
CPLSTS6, CPLSTS8) for ADINA.

transient analyses.


PLOADX1 Pressure Load on Axisymmetric Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLOADX1 SID EID PA PB GA GB THETA
Remarks:
1. Defines a pressure load on a 2D axisymmetric element (CTRAX3,
CTRAX6, CQUADX4, CQUADX8) for ADINA.

transient analyses.


PPLANE Properties of Plane Stress or Plane Strain Elements
Defines the properties of plane stress elements or plane strain elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLPLANE PID MID T
Field Contents
PID Element property identification number. (Integer > 0)
MID Material identification number. (Integer >0).
T Thickness for plane stress elements. If T is blank or zero then the
thickness must be specified for Ti on the CPLSTS3, CPLSTS4,
CPLSTS6, and CPLSTS8 entries. T is ignored for plane strain
elements. (Real 0.0 or blank)
Remarks:
1. All PPLANE property entries should have unique identification numbers
with respect to all other property entries.
2. The entry is referenced by the CPLSTS3, CPLSTS4, CPLSTS6, CPLSTS8,
CPLSTN3, CPLSTN4, CPLSTN6, and CPLSTN8 entries via PID.
3. For structural problems, MID must reference a MAT1, MAT3, MATSMA,
MATVE or MATPLCY material property entry.
4. For heat transfer problems, MID must reference a MAT4 or MAT5 material
property entry.
5. In a model where there are many plane stress elements with different
thickness, it is recommended that the thickness values be specified in the
element entries (Ti value in CPLSTS3, CPLSTS4, CPLSTS6, CPLSTS8)
instead of assigning one PPLANE entry to one thickness value and resulting
in many PPLANE entries.
PLPLANE Fully Nonlinear Plane Element Properties
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLPLANE PID MID CID STR T
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties of 2D plane strain, plane stress or axisymmetric
elements with hyperelastic material for ADINA.
2. CID and STR are ignored.
3. In a model where there are many plane stress elements with different
thickness, it is recommended that the thickness values be specified in the
element entries (Ti value in CPLSTS3, CPLSTS4, CPLSTS6, CPLSTS8)
instead of assigning one PLPLANE entry to one thickness value and
resulting in many PLPLANE entries.
PLSOLID Fully Nonlinear Solid Element Properties
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PLSOLID PID MID STR
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties for hyperelastic 3D solid and axisymmetric elements.
2. STR is ignored.
PMASS Scalar Mass Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PMASS PID1 M1 PID2 M2 PID3 M3 PID4 M4
Remarks:
1. Defines the masses of spring elements for ADINA.
PROD Rod Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PROD PID MID A J C NSM
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties of truss elements for ADINA.
2. J, C, and NSM are ignored.
3. For structural problems, MID must reference a MAT1, MATSMA,
MATVE or MATPLCY material entry for SOL 601, and a MAT1 or
MATPLCY material entry for SOL 701.
4. For heat transfer problems, MID must reference a MAT4 entry
PSHELL Shell Element Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PSHELL PID MID1 T MID2 12I/T**3 MID3 TS/T NSM
Z1 Z2 MID4
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties of shell elements (or 2D plane strain elements, see
remark 5) for ADINA.
2. 12I/T**3, MID3, TS/T, NSM, Z1, Z2, and MID4 are ignored.
3. MID1 must be specified and must be greater than 0. MID1 is used to

evaluate all material properties of the element and must reference a MAT1,
MAT2, MAT8, MATSMA, MATVE or MATPLCY material property
entry.
4. The shell element includes membrane, bending, and transverse shear

effects. Membrane and bending effects are always coupled.
5. MID2 is used only to check for the condition MID2=-1 for plane strain
analysis. Plane strain elements must lie in the X-Y plane. It is recommended
that plane strain elements be modeled with CPLSTN3, CPLSTN4,
CPLSTN6, or CPLSTN8 elements with PPLANE or PLPLANE properties
entries.
6. By default, incompatible modes are used for 4-node shell elements in

implicit analysis but not in explicit analysis. The use of incompatible modes
for 4-node shell elements can be set by the ICMODE parameter in
NXSTRAT entry.
PSHL3D 3D-Shell Element Property
Defines the properties of 3D-shell elements.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PSHL3D PID MID T
Example:
PSHL3D 2 5 0.05
Field Contents
PID Property identification number referenced by a CQUAD4 or
CTRIA3 entry. (Integer > 0)
MID Identification number of a MAT1, MATPLCY, MATHP or
MATHE entry. (Integer > 0)
T Default shell thickness. If T is blank, then the thickness must be
specified for Ti on the CQUAD4 and CTRIA3 entries. (Real > 0.0
or blank)
Remarks:
1. The 3D-shell element can only be used with the 3-node (CTRIA3) or 4-
node (CQUAD4) element.
2. By default, the mixed displacement pressure (u/p) formulation is not used

for the elastic material but is used for the plastic-cyclic, Ogden, Mooney-
Rivlin, Arruda-Boyce and Sussman-Bathe materials. The u/p formulation
cannot be used for the hyperfoam material.
PSOLID Properties of Solid Elements
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PSOLID PID MID CORDM IN STRESS ISOP FCTN
Remarks:
1. Defines the properties of 3D solid and axisymmetric elements for ADINA.
2. For structural problems, MID is the identification number of a MAT1,
MAT9, MAT11, MATG, MATPLCY, MATSMA or MATVE entry for 3D
solid element and a MAT1, MAT3, MATPLCY, MATSMA or MATVE
entry for axisymmetric element. For 3D solid elements in linear analysis,
CORDM is ignored if MID does not reference a MAT9 or MAT11 entry
and stresses are output in the basic coordinate system. For axisymmetric
elements in linear analysis, if MID does not reference a MAT3 entry,
stresses are output in the basic coordinate system.
3. For geometric nonlinear analysis, it is recommended not to use
incompatible modes by setting IN=2 or 3. If bending behavior is significant,
it is highly recommended that elements with midside nodes be used.
4. For explicit analysis, incompatible modes are not used by default, i.e., IN=2
is the default. To use incompatible modes in explicit analysis, IN=BUBBLE
must be specified.
5. By default, nonlinear stress results are output in the element coordinate
system. However, for 3D solid elements, ELRESCS=1 may be specified in
NXSTRAT entry to request output of nonlinear stress results in the material
coordinate system with CORDM=-1 being treated as basic coordinate
system.
6. ISOP is ignored. 2x2x2 integration (and equivalent) is used for elements
with no midside nodes. 3x3x3 integration (and equivalent) is used for
elements with midside nodes.
7. FCTN is ignored.
QBDY1 Boundary Heat Flux Load for CHBDYj Elements; Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
QBDY1 SID Q0 EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5 EID6
QBDY2 Boundary Heat Flux Load for CHBDYj Elements; Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
QBDY2 SID EID Q01 Q02 Q03 Q04 Q05 Q06
Q07 Q08
Remarks:
1. Heat flux values on midside grid points are not supported. Q05 to Q08 are
ignored.
2. Equivalent grid point loads are computed by linear or bilinear interpolation

of load intensity followed by numerical integration using isoparametric
shape functions (similar to PLOAD4 load application).
QBDY3 Boundary Heat Flux Load for a Surface
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
QBDY3 SID Q0 CNTRLND EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5
EID6 etc.
Remarks:
1. CNTRLND is ignored.
QHBDY Boundary Heat Flux Load
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
QHBDY SID FLAG Q0 AF G1 G2 G3 G4
G5 G6 G7 G8
Remarks:
1. AF is used only for POINT type.
QVOL Volume Heat Addition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
QVOL SID QVOL CNTRLND EID1 EID2 EID3 EID4 EID5
EID6 etc.
Remarks:
RADBC Space Radiation Specification
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RADBC NODAMB FAMB CNTRLND EID1 EID2 EID3 etc.
Remarks:
2. The basic radiation heat exchange is:
q = FAMB (T4 T4amb)
3. Note that absorptivity is assumed to be equal to emissivity.
4. The temperature on NODAMB must be prescribed on a TEMPBC or SPC

entry.
RADM Radiation Boundary Material Property
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RADM RADMID ABSORP EMIS1 EMIS2 EMIS3 EMIS4 EMIS5 EMIS6
EMIS7 etc.
Remarks:
1. Only RADMID and EMIS1 are supported.

RADMT Radiation Boundary Material Property Temperature Dependence
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RADMT RADMID T(A) T(1) T(2) T(3) T(4) T(5) T(6)
T(7) etc.
Remarks related to SOL 601:

1. Only RADMID and T(1) are supported.

RBAR Rigid Bar
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RBAR EID GA GB CNA CNB CMA CMB
Remarks:
1. RBAR may be simulated by rigid link, constraint equations, beam element
or spring elements depending on whether it is a large displacement analysis
and the parameter EQRBAR in the NXSTRAT entry. The values of CNA,
CNB, CMA, and CMB also determine how RBAR is treated. See discussion
on next page.
2. For explicit analysis, RBAR is always treated as rigid, i.e., as rigid link or
constraint equations.
3. Dependent degrees-of-freedom may not be assigned as independent by

Treatment of RBAR and RBE2 elements in ADINA
The internal representation of an RBAR rigid element depends on the

options present in CNA, CNB, CMA and CMB, as shown below.
GB
l
GA
l Independent: CNB
Dependent: CMB
Independent: CNA
Dependent: CMA
Relevant parameters in the RBAR rigid element
Currently, ADINA identifies 5 classes of RBAR settings. Each class gets a

different internal representation.
Class 1:
All 6 degrees of freedom of one point are dependent on those of the other point. In
other words,
CNA = 123456, CNB = 0, CMA = 0, CMB = 123456
or
CNA = 0, CNB = 123456, CMA = 123456, CMB = 0
Class 2:
One point has all the dependent degrees of freedom (but not all 6 of them), and all
those that are not dependent (missing terms in CMA or CMB) involve degrees of
freedom that do not exist at the slave node. For example,
CNA = 123456, CNB = 0, CMA = 0, CMB = 123
where node B is attached only to 3D solid elements (so degrees of freedom 456 do
not exist).
Another example,
CNA = 0, CNB = 123456, CMA = 12, CMB = 0

where node A is attached only to 2D solid elements (so degrees of freedom 3456
do not exist)
Note that this only applies to non-existent degrees of freedom (not fixed ones). If
an excluded DOF is fixed then the rigid element does not belong to this Class.
Class 3:
One point has all the dependent degrees of freedom (but not all 6 of them). In other
words,
CNA = 123456, CNB = 0, CMA = 0, CMB = Q
Or
CNA = 0, CNB = 123456, CMA = Q, CMB = 0
where Q is any combination of the 6 DOFs except 0 and 123456 (0 is not

allowed, and 123456 belongs to Class 1).
Class 4:
All 6 degrees of freedom active but not all dependent degrees of freedom belong to
1 point. For example,
CNA CNB CMA CMB

123 456 0 0
12346 5 5 12346
Class 5:
Not all the 6 degrees of freedom are active in the constraint and rigid element fails
criteria for Classes 2 and 3. For example,
CNA CNB CMA CMB

123456 0 0 123
123 456 4 3
Note that there are some other valid settings for RBAR that are not
supported in ADINA.
The internal representation for each class is described in the Table below.
Rigid option Flexible option

L < Lcrit L > Lcrit L < Lcrit L > Lcrit
Class 1 MPC Rigid link1 Springs Beam1
Class 2 MPC Rigid link1 Springs Beam1
Class 3 MPC Special rigid link1 Springs Springs
Class 4 MPC MPC Springs Beam1
Class 5 MPC MPC Springs Springs
1
This constraint is accurate in large displacement analysis
Internal representation of Rigid elements
Lcrit may be specified by the RBLCRIT parameter in NXSTRAT entry.
RBE2 is treated in the same manner as RBAR except that it produces

multiple rigid elements. These elements can only belong to Class 1 or 3,
and their internal representation is dictated by the EQRBE2 parameter in
NXSTRAT.
RBE2 Rigid Body Element, Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RBE2 EID GN CM GM1 GM2 GM3 GM4 GM5
GM6 GM7 GM8 -etc.-
Remarks:
1. RBE2 may be simulated by rigid links, constraint equations, beam elements
or spring elements depending on whether it is a large displacement analysis
and the parameter EQRBE2 in the NXSTRAT entry. See discussion
following RBAR entry.
2. For explicit analysis, RBE2 is always treated as rigid, i.e., as rigid link or
constraint equations.
3. Dependent degrees-of-freedom may not be assigned as independent by

RBE3 Interpolation Constraint Element
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RBE3 EID REFGRID REFC WT1 C1 G1,1 G1,2
G1,3 WT2 C2 G2,1 G2,2 -etc.- WT3 C3
G3,1 G3,2 -etc.- WT4 C4 G4,1 G4,2 -etc.-
UM GM1 CM1 GM2 CM2 GM3 CM3
GM4 CM4 GM5 CM5 -etc.-
Remarks:
1. RBE3 is simulated by constraint equations in ADINA.
2. All GMi and CMi are ignored.
3. A dependent degree-of-freedom may not be also assigned as an independent

degree-of-freedom by another rigid element or by a multipoint constraint.
An error message will be issued in such a case.
RFORCE Rotational Force
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RFORCE SID G CID A R1 R2 R3 METHOD
RACC MB
Remarks:
1. Defines a centrifugal load for ADINA.
2. Only one RFORCE can be applied in an analysis.
3. CID must be a rectangular coordinate system.
4. METHOD and MB are ignored.
5. To apply rotational force with constant magnitude (not considering

magnitude change due to large deformation, see Remark 7), SID is selected
by Case Control command LOAD = SID for both static and transient
analyses.
6. To apply a time-dependent rotational load, SID is referenced by the field

7. By default, in large deformation analysis, the magnitude of the rotational

force changes due to the deformation. The use of LOADOPT = 0 in
NXSTRAT entry causes the rotational load to be independent of
deformation.
RFORCE1 Rotational Force on Group of Elements
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RFORCE1 SID G CID A R1 R2 R3 METHOD
RACC MB GROUPID
Remarks:
1. Defines a centrifugal load on a group of elements for ADINA.
2. CID must be a rectangular coordinate system.
3. GROUPID points to the identification number of a GROUP entry.
4. METHOD, RACC and MB are ignored.
5. To apply rotational force with constant magnitude (not considering

magnitude change due to large deformation, see Remark 7), SID is selected
by Case Control command LOAD = SID for both static and transient
analyses.
6. To apply a time-dependent rotational load, SID is referenced by the field

7. By default, in large deformation analysis, the magnitude of the rotational

force changes due to the deformation. The use of LOADOPT = 0 in
NXSTRAT entry causes the rotational load to be independent of
deformation.
SPC Single-Point Constraint
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SPC SID G1 C1 D1 G2 C2 D2
Remarks:
1. Defines fixities or prescribed displacements on nodes for ADINA.
2. Enforced velocity or acceleration is not supported.
3. To apply enforced displacements with constant magnitude, SPC or SPCD

may be used. To apply time-dependent enforced displacements, SPCD must
be used. See SPCD entry.
SPC1 Single-Point Constraint, Alternate Form
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SPC1 SID C G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6
G7 G8 G9 -etc.-
Remarks:
1. Defines fixities on nodes for ADINA.
2. A global coordinate (Gi and Ci) referenced on SPCD does not need to be
referenced on this entry.
SPCADD Single-Point Constraint Set Combination
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SPCADD SID S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
S8 S9 -etc.-
SPCD Enforced Motion Value
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SPCD SID G1 C1 D1 G2 C2 D2
Remarks:
1. Defines prescribed displacements on nodes for ADINA.
2. Enforced velocity or acceleration is not supported.
3. To enforce displacement with constant magnitude, SID is selected by Case

4. To enforce a time-dependent displacement, SID is referenced by the field

EXCITEID = SID in the TLOAD1 entry with TYPE = 1. Time-dependent
loads are selected by Case Control command DLOAD.
5. A global coordinate (Gi and Ci) referenced on this entry does not need to be
referenced on a SPC or SPC1 entry.
TABLED1 Dynamic Load Tabular Function, Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TABLED1 TID XAXIS YAXIS
x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 -etc.- ENDT
Remarks:
1. Defines a time function for ADINA.
2. TABLED1 is referenced by the TID field in TLOAD1 entry to model time-

dependent loading. xi is therefore the time value and yi is the multiplier
factor for the load.
3. XAXIS and YAXIS are ignored. Both are assumed to be LINEAR.
4. Discontinuities are not allowed.
5. No table extrapolation is done beyond the range of specified xi values.

Hence, the range of xi values should at least span the solution start and end
times. In most cases, x1 = 0.0 should be specified since the solution start
time is usually 0.0. The solution end time depends on the time steps defined
in the TSTEP entry.
TABLED2 Dynamic Load Tabular Function, Form 2
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TABLED2 TID X1
Remarks:
1. Defines a timefunction (with arrival time for the load) for ADINA.
2. TABLED2 is referenced by the TID field in TLOAD1 entry to model

time-dependent loading. xi is therefore the time value and yi is the
multiplier factor for the load.
3. X1 is the delay time (or arrival time of the load), i.e., at time < X1, the
load is not active.

Hence, the range of xi values should at least span the solution start and
end times. In most cases, x1 = 0.0 should be specified since the solution
start time is usually 0.0. The solution end time depends on the time steps
defined in the TSTEP entry.
TABLEM1 Material Property Table, Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TABLEM1 TID XAXIS YAXIS
Remarks:
1. Defines temperature-dependent material properties for ADINA.
2. YAXIS is only used when referenced by the MATTC entry. Otherwise,

XAXIS and YAXIS are ignored and both are assumed to be LINEAR.

Hence, the xi values should at least span the range of applied
temperatures.
TABLES1 Material Property Table, Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TABLES1 TID
Remarks:
1. Defines a material stress-strain curve for ADINA. When it is used to
define the stress-strain curve for a multilinear plastic material (i.e.,
MATS1 with TYPE=PLASTIC), remarks 3 and 4 apply.
3. By default, the table is extended by linear extrapolation using the last two
end points. XTCURVE=0 may be specified in NXSTRAT to choose not
to extend the table to allow for element rupture at the last xi value which
defines the rupture plastic strain for the multilinear plastic material. Upon
rupture, an element is removed from the model. If DTDELAY is specified
in NXSTRAT entry, the contribution from the element stiffness is
gradually reduced to zero over time DTDELAY.
4. By default, xi, yi are assumed to be true stress-strain values. In case the

input is in engineering stress-strain values, specifying CVSSVAL=1 in
NXSTRAT provides a convenient way to convert the engineering stress-
strain values to true stress-strain values for use in the analysis.
TABLEST Material Property Temperature-Dependence Table
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TABLEST TID
T1 TID1 T2 TID2 T3 TID3 -etc.- ENDT
Remarks:
1. Defines temperature-dependent stress-strain curves for ADINA.
2. TABLEST may be referenced by MATS1 entries that define elasto-plastic

(TYPE = PLASTIC) materials but not nonlinear elastic (TYPE =
NLELAST) materials.
TABVE Define Coefficients for Viscoelastic Material
Defines series of modulii and decay coefficients used for viscoelastic material
definition.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TABVE TID MOD0
mod1 decay1 mod2 decay2 mod3 decay3 -etc-
Example:
TABVE 3 0.0
47716.3 .35e-3 54143.6 .117 ENDT
Field Contents
TID Table identification number referenced by MATVE entry. (Integer
> 0).
MOD0 The long-time modulus term. (Real; Default=0.0)
mod(i) The ith term of the modulus in the Prony series. (Real)
decay(i) The ith term of the decay coefficient in the Prony series. (Real)
Remarks:
1. TABVE entry may have only one line with non-zero MOD0.
2. The maximum number of terms allowed in the Prony series is 15.

TEMP Grid Point Temperature Field
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TEMP SID G1 T1 G2 T2 G3 T3
Remarks:
1. Defines initial or prescribed temperatures on nodes for ADINA.
2. To apply constant temperature loads, SID is selected by Case Control

command TEMP = SID for both static and transient analyses.
TEMP(INIT) = SID is used to specify initial temperatures.
3. To apply time-dependent temperature loads, SID is referenced by the field

EXCITEID = SID in the TLOAD1 entry. Time-dependent loads are
selected by Case Control command DLOAD.
TEMPBC Grid Point Temperatures
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TEMPBC SID TYPE TEMP1 GID1 TEMP2 GID2 TEMP3 GID3
Remarks:
1. TYPE=TRAN can be used in both steady-state (SOL 601,153) and
transient analysis (SOL 601,159).
2. Both TYPE=STAT and TYPE=TRAN may be specified in one model.

TEMPD Grid Point Temperature Field Default
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TEMPD SID1 T1 SID2 T2 SID3 T3 SID4 T4
Remarks:
1. Defines default initial or prescribed temperatures for ADINA.
2. To apply constant temperature loads, SID is selected by Case Control

command TEMP = SID for both static and transient analyses.
TEMP(INIT) = SID is used to specify initial temperatures.
3. To apply time-dependent temperature loads, SID is referenced by the

field EXCITEID = SID in the TLOAD1 entry. Time-dependent loads
are selected by Case Control command DLOAD.
TIC Transient Initial Condition
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TIC SID G C U0 V0
Remarks:
1. Defines initial displacement or velocity on a node for ADINA.
TLOAD1 Transient Response Dynamic Excitation, Form 1
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TLOAD1 SID EXCITEID DELAY TYPE TID
Remarks:
1. Defines a time-dependent load for ADINA. See discussion on next
page.
2. TLOAD1 may be used in a static or transient analysis to specify time-

dependent loads. In a nonlinear static analysis, TLOAD1 is frequently
used with TSTEP to apply incremental loads to achieve better
convergence in the solution.
3. SID may be selected directly with the Case Control command DLOAD
= SID, or be combined with other TLOAD1 entries in a DLOAD entry.
For the latter case, the SID in the DLOAD entry is then selected by the
Case Control command DLOAD.
4. Only TYPE = 0 or 1 is supported.
5. For TYPE = 0, EXCITEID may reference the SID in a FORCE,

FORCE1, FORCE2, MOMENT, MOMENT1, MOMENT2, PLOAD,
PLOAD1, PLOAD2, PLOAD4, PLOADX1, GRAV, RFORCE, TEMP,
or TEMPD entry.
6. For TYPE = 1, EXCITED must reference the SID in an SPCD entry.
7. DELAY is ignored.
Use of TLOAD1 to model time-dependent loads
Time-dependent loads can be specified for a static or transient analysis. To model a

time-dependent load, the TLOAD1 entry is used as illustrated below with an
example.
$2345678$234567812345678$23456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678
$
$ TIME-DEPENDENT FORCE EXCITEID=125 WITH TIMEFUNCTION TID=13
TLOAD1 102 125 13
$
FORCE 125 80 0 1. 3. 0. 0.
$
$ TIMEFUNCTION 13 USED FOR FORCE LOAD
TABLED2 13 0. +
+ 0. 0. 1. 100. 2. 0.ENDT
$
$ TIME-DEPENDENT DISPLACEMENT EXCITEID=3, TYPE=1, TIMEFUNCTION TID=12
TLOAD1 105 3 1 12
$
SPCD 3 912 1 5.3
$ TIMEFUNCTION 12 USED FOR PRESCRIBED DISPLACEMENT
TABLED2 12 0. +
+ 0. 0. 2. 1.ENDT
$
$ DLOAD COMBINES SEVERAL TLOAD1 (102 AND 105)
DLOAD 17 1. 1. 102 1. 105
In the Case Control, the time-dependent loads are selected using the DLOAD
command, i.e.,
DLOAD=17
As shown in the above example, TLOAD1 references a force or prescribed

displacement through EXCITEID field and a time function through TID field. If
there are more than one TLOAD1 entries to be used, they are combined using the
DLOAD entry. Hence, if we want to apply only the time-dependent prescribed
displacement and not the force, we can specify DLOAD in Case Control to point to
load set 105 directly, i.e.,
DLOAD=105
TMCPARA Parameters for SOL 601 thermo-mechanical coupling

analysis
Defines parameters for SOL 601,153 and SOL 601,159 thermo-mechanical

coupling (TMC) analysis.
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TMCPARA ID Param1 Value1 Param2 Value2 Param3 Value3
Example:
TMCPARA 1 COUP 1 MAXITE 30 TRELAX 0.9

AUTO 1
Field Contents
ID Identification number. Currently not used. (Integer 0)
PARAMi Name of the TMCPARA parameter. Allowable names are given in
the parameter listing below. (Character)
VALUEi Value of the parameter. (Real or Integer)
Name Description
General
COUP Specifies the type of TMC coupling for SOL 601,153 or SOL
601,159. (Integer, Default = 0)
0 iterative coupling
1 one-way sequential coupling
2 no coupling
Two subcases are required for TMC analysis, one with

ANALYSIS=HEAT and one with ANALYSIS=STRUC (default). If
the first two subcases do not satisfy the above, the program will
issue error and exit.
COUP=0 will run structural analysis first followed by thermal

analysis with TMC iterations. This type of coupling is applicable
when the structural deformations affect the thermal analysis, e.g.,
contact, heat generation due to plastic deformation or frictional
contact sliding.
COUP=1 will run thermal analysis first followed by structural

analysis with no TMC iterations. This type of coupling is applicable
when the temperature results affect the structural analysis (e.g.,
thermal expansion and temperature-dependent material properties),
but the structural deformations do not have significant effect on the
thermal analysis.
COUP=2 will run the first subcase (either thermal or structural).

TRANOPT Specifies transient or static analysis options for SOL 601,159.
(Integer, Default = 0)
0 transient thermal and structural
1 transient thermal, static structural
2 steady-state thermal, transient structural
Name Description
Automatic Time Stepping

AUTO Indicates whether automatic time stepping scheme is used for the
thermal analysis solution (Integer, Default = 0)
0 No automatic incrementation scheme is used
1 Automatic Time Stepping (ATS) scheme is used
ATSSUBD Number that limits the smallest time step size when the automatic
time stepping (ATS) scheme is used. For a time step size of DT, the
program will stop if convergence is not achieved and the next
subdivided time step size is less than DT/ATSSUBD. (Integer 1;
Default = 10)
Transient Analysis
TINTEG Selects the time integration method to be used for transient thermal
0 Euler backward method
2 Trapezoidal rule
3 Composite method
HEATCAP Selects the type of heat capacity matrix to be used in transient
thermal analysis. (Integer; Default = 1)
0 Lumped heat capacity matrix
1 Consistent heat capacity matrix
Equilibrium Iteration and Convergence

ITSCHEM Selects the equilibrium iteration scheme used for nonlinear thermal
0 Modified Newton iteration
1 Full Newton iteration
LSEARCH Flag to indicate the use of line searches within the iteration scheme
for nonlinear thermal analysis. (Integer; Default = 0)
0 Line search is not used
1 Line search is used
MAXITE Maximum number of iterations within a thermal solution time step.
If the maximum number of iterations is reached without achieving
convergence, the program will stop unless the automatic time
stepping (ATS) scheme is selected (AUTO=1).
(1 Integer 999; Default = 15)
Name Description
TTOL Relative temperature tolerance used to determine if the thermal

solution has converged. (Real; Default = 0.001)
TMCTOL Relative tolerance used to determine if the TMC iteration has
converged. Applicable only for iterative TMC coupling solution,
i.e., COUP=0. (Real; Default = TTOL)
TRELAX Temperature relaxation factor that may be used to help in the
convergence of thermal solution. (0.0 Real 1.0; Default = 1.0)
Miscellaneous
HGENPL Proportion of internal heat generated in shell, 2D and 3D solid
elements due to plastic deformation. (0.0 Real 1.0; Default =
1.0)
TSTEP Transient Time Step
Format:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TSTEP SID N1 DT1 NO1
N2 DT2 NO2
-etc.-
Remarks:
1. Defines a time step sequence for ADINA.
2. TSTEP may be used in a static or transient analysis. In a nonlinear static

analysis, TSTEP is frequently used with TLOAD1 to apply incremental
loads to achieve better convergence in the solution.
3. If no TSTEP is selected with the Case Control command TSTEP, the

program assumes 1 time step with time increment of 1.0.
4. For explicit analysis, the actual time step size used may be determined
by the program based on the critical time step size for stability. To
request that the program use the time step size DTi here, specify
XSTEP=1 in NXSTRAT entry. In all cases, the total solution time is
used, i.e., total solution time is the sum of all Ni * DTi.

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UTOMATIC

ADINA 9.2 December 2015

ADINA R & D, Inc.

ADINA R & D, Inc.

tel: (617) 926-5199

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

ADINA is a registered trademark of K.J. Bathe / ADINA R & D, Inc.

ADINA R & D, Inc. 2015

The nonlinear structural analysis capability in ADINA is used as the advanced

The following Nastran Case Control commands are supported by ADINA-AUI.

ACCELERATION EBDSET SHELLTHK

* not for explicit analysis (SOL 701)

2. LOAD selects constant loads while DLOAD selects time-dependent loads.

The following Nastran Bulk Data entries are supported by ADINA-AUI.

BCPROP CORD2C FORCE2 MOMENT1 PSHELL

Case Control Commands

ACCELERATION Acceleration Output Request

ANALYSIS Analysis Discipline Subcase Assignment

B2GG Direct Input Damping Matrix Selection

Selects direct input damping matrices

BCRESULTS Contact Result Output Request

BCRESULTS(TRACTION, FORCE,SEPDIS) = ALL or NONE

BCSET Contact Set Selection

Selects the contact set for the analysis

BGRESULTS Glue Result Output Request

Requests glue force result output in the Nastran op2 file

BGRESULTS(FORCE) = ALL, n or NONE

BGSET Glue Mesh Set Selection

Selects the glue mesh set for the analysis

BOLTLD Bolt Preload Set Selection

Selects the bolt preload set.

DISPLACEMENT Displacement Output Request

DISPLACEMENT= ALL, n or NONE

DLOAD Time-Dependent Load Set Selection

Selects a time-dependent load

DTEMP Time-Assigned Temperature Set Selection

Selects a time-assigned temperature set to be used for temperature dependent

EBDSET Element Birth/Death Set Selection

Selects the element birth/death set.

FLUX Heat Transfer Gradient and Flux Output Request

FLUX= ALL, n or NONE

2. Output for CHBDY type elements is not supported.

GKRESULTS Gasket Result Output Request

GKRESULTS = ALL or NONE

GPFORCE Grid Point Force Output Request

Requests grid point force balance in the Nastran op2 file

GPFORCE = ALL, n or NONE

K2GG Direct Input Stiffness Matrix Selection

Selects direct input stiffness matrices

LOAD Constant Load Set Selection

Selects a constant load.

2. Both DLOAD and LOAD case control commands can be specified in an

M2GG Direct Input Mass Matrix Selection

Selects direct input mass matrices

OLOAD Applied Load Output Request

Requests applied load vector output in the Nastran op2 file

OLOAD = ALL, n or NONE

SHELLTHK Shell Thickness Output Request

Requests the form of shell thickness output.

SHELLTHK = ALL or NONE

2. Large strain shell elements require the use of an elastic-plastic material

3. Shell thickness results are output at nodes on elements.

SPCFORCES Single-Point Forces of Constraint Output Request