How does auxin relate to taking cuttings?
Used to prevent leaf and fruit drop
Dipping the end of a cutting in rooting
powder before planting, encourages
root growth. Rooting powder contains
auxins, fungicides and talcum powder.
What can artificial auxins be used for?
and to promote flowering for flower
production. In high concentrations, auxin
can promote fruit drop, useful when
too many small fruits are produced
as larger, fewer plants will be grown.
 How can auxin be used as a herbicide? How can auxin alter seedless fruit?

To kill weeds. Transported in the phloem

Treating unpollinated flowers with
to all parts of the plant+can act within the
auxin can promote growth of seedless
plant for longer because they are not a
fruit. Auxin promotes ovule growth
close fit to the enzymes that break them
which triggers automatic production of
down. They promote shoot growth so much
auxin by tissues in the developing fruit.
that the plant can't support itself+dies.
Describe effect of gibberellins on brewing Explain gibberellins and fruit production

When barley seeds germinate,

Gibberellins delay fruit senescene in
aleurone layer of seed makes amylase
citrus fruit, extending time fruit can be left
enzymes that break down starch to
unpicked+in shops.Gibberellins acting
amylase.Genes for amylase production
with cytokinins=apples elongate improving
switched on naturally by gibberellins.
their shape.No gibberellins=grapes grow
Adding it speeds up process. Malt
restricted, with gibberellins grapes=bigger.
produced by drying+grinding seeds.
Effect of gibberellins on plant breeding Effect of gibberellins on sugar production

Plant breeder produces plants with

Spraying sugar cane with gibberellins
desired characteristics.Conifer take
stimulates growth between
long time as spend a lot of time as
nodes, elongating stems.Useful
juvenilles. Gibberellins speed up by
as sugar cane stores in cells of
inducing seed formation.Harvesting
internodes making more sugar
biennial plants adds gibberellins to
available.Spraying increases sugar yield.
induce seed production in year 1.

What are cytokinins used for and why?
Used to prevent yellowing of lettuce
leaves after they have been picked,
because they can delay leaf senescene.
making gibberellins be useful?
Why can stopping plants from
Spraying gibberellin synthesis
inhibitors keeps flowers short+stocky
+ensures internodes of crop plants
stay short to prevent lodging. Lodging
happens in wet summers-stems bend
over due to water weight on seed
heads making it difficult to harvest.
 effect does this have on a plant?
Why are cytokinins used in tissue culture?
What do cytokinins do and what

They promote bud and shoot growth

from small pieces of tissue taken from
a parent plant. This produces a short
To help to mass-produce plants.
shoot with a lot of side branches that
can be split into many smaller plants
which can then be grown separately.
 uses of ethene? around ethene and how is it applied?
What are some commercial What have scientists developed

Speeding up fruit ripening, promoting 2-chloroethylphophonic acid. Sprayed

fruit drop, promoting female sex in solution. It is easily absorbed and
expression, promoting lateral growth. slowly releases ethene inside the plant.
 ethene's effects be useful?
Why can restricting

Storing fruit in low temp with little

oxygen and high CO2 conc prevents
ethene synthesis and fruit ripening.
Makes fruit last longer. Silver salts
(inhibitor of ethene synthesis) can
increase shelf life of cut flowers.