Combined Footings 06

Design the combined rectangular footing shown below using the assumptions given.

18 ft
DL=80k DL=130k
LL=175k Rp=932k LL=200k

Column #1 Column #2
D=5'
f

q'
x=
X = Rq=932k
Rq=932k

18" 24"

B
18" 24"
18'-0"

PL PLAN

fc = 3.5 ksi soil qa = 5 ksf

fy = 50 ksi FS = 3(qult = 15 ksf)
Step 1. Convert column loads to ultimate; convert qa to qult:

P1 = 255 k P1ult = 1.4(80k) + 1.7(175k) = 410k

P2 = 330 k P2ult = 1.4(130k) + 1.7(200k) = 522k
= 585k = 932k

Step 2. Determine the combined footing dimensions L and B:

R X = P1X1 + P2X2

932k X = 410k(0.75) + 522k(18 + 0.75)

X = 10.8 feet say 11 feet

L = 2 X = 2(11ft) = 22 feet

Note: Rounding the 10.8 to 11 will prevent the closure of the moment diagram, but this
acceptable with hand calculations. A computer program is better.

P1ult P2ult 410 k 522 k

B= = = 5.31 feet
( L)( q o ) ( 22' )(7.97 ksf )

Use B = 5 4 in constructions

k
Finally q(soil reaction) = qo B = 7.97 ft 2 x 5.31 ft

k
q = 42.3 ft
along L
Step 3. Draw the shear V and moment M diagrams.

0.75 ft. 18 ft. 3.25 ft.

P=410
1 kips P=522
2 kips

24inx24in
18inx18in

q'=42.3 k/ft

341 k 383.1 k

+31.7 k
0.13 k
+
8.70'
+ Shear diagram
_
9.30'
_
-138.9k
+225.7 k-ft

-378.3k +11.9 k-ft

+ + Moment diagram

-1646 k-ft
Step 4. Determine the footing depth D.

col.#1 col.#2
18"+d 24"+d

18"+d/2 24"+d

d
Wide beam shear

Shear at a distance d from the face of column 2,

V = 341k (42.3 k/ft)(d)

V
But also the shear stress vc in concrete is vc =
Bd
Bdvc = 341k (42.3d)k(d)

But vc = 2 ( f ' c ) 3500 psi

ksf for wide-beam shear

(5.31)d(14.5 ksf) = 341k 42.3d d = 2.86 ft = 34.3 inches

Using d = 34.3, check diagonal tension at Column #1

V = column load less upward soil pressure
V = 410k Aqult = 410k A(7.97)
d
But Area = (18 + )(18 + d) = (18 + 17.1)(18 + 34.3)
2
A = 1836 in2 = 12.75 ft2

Hence V = 410k (12.75 ft2)(7.97 ksf) = 308.4 k

 d
Perimeter p = 2(18 + ) + (18 + d) = 2(35.1) + (52.3) = 122.5 = 10.2 ft
2

V 308.4 k
vc = = = 10.6 ksf 4 ( f ' c ) for
diagonal tension shear
( perim)d (10.2' )(2.86' )
4(0.85) 3500
201 psi
29 ksf O.K.

Checking around Column #2

Area = (24 + d)2 = (24 + 34.3)2 = 3400 in2 = 23.6 ft2

Perimeter p = 4(24 + d) = 4(58.3) = 233.2 = 19.4 ft

Shear V = 522 k (23.6 ft2)(7.97 ksf) = 334 k

V 334 k
vc = = = 6.0 ksf 4 ( f ' c ) ksf
( perim)d (19.4' )( 2.86' )

StepDetermine the (longitudinal) reinforcing steel As.

a M
As(d - )= f B
2 y

As f y As (50ksi )1
But a = = = 1.40 As
0.85 f ' c b
0.85(3.5ksi )12"
As (34.3 0.70As) = ( 1646 k ft )(12/ft)/(0.9)(50)(5.31) = As = 2.5 in2/ft width

As 2.5 in 2 200
For balanced steel = = = 0.006 f
db (34.3" )(12" ) y
 As 2.5 in 2 200 200
= = = 0.006 f = 50,000
db (34.3" )(12" ) y

alsopmax = 0.016

in 2
Totals = 2.5 in2 x B = 2.5 (5.31 ft) = 13.3 in2 of steel
ft

Use 11 #10 bars (1.27 in2 each x 11 = 14 in2) at 6 spacing center-to-center

3"

6" typ.

5' 5.31' = B

3"
L = 22 ft