BUKIDNON STATE UNIVERSITY Mercado v Manzano, 307 SCRA 630

College of Law (1999)

Romualdez-Marcos v COMELEC,
THE LAW ON PUBLIC OFFICERS 248 SCRA 300 (1995)
AND ELECTION LAW Course Syllabus1
2nd Semester, AY 2016-2017 6. Disqualifications
a. General Disqualification
PHOEBE CORAZON C. HIDALGO, J.D.
b. Specific Disqualification
I. The Law on Public Officers
Cases: Civil Liberties Union v. Executive Secretary,
A. Concepts and Principles: Public Office and Public 194 SCRA 317 (1991)
Office and Public Officers Rodriguez v. COMELEC, 259 SCRA 295
(1996)
1. Definitions Lecaros v Sandiganbayan, 305 SCRA 396
a. Administrative Code of 1987 (1999)
b. Revised Penal Case, Art. 203 Dela Cruz v COA, 371 SCRA 157(2001)
c. Meaning of Office and Public Office Flores v Drilon, 223 SCRA 568 (1993)
d. Public Office and Public employment distinguished Abeto v Garceza, 251 SCRA 539 (1995)
Rabe v Flore, 272 SCRA 415 (1997)
2. Purpose and Nature Debugaldo v Civil Service Commission, 237
a. Public Office, as a Public Trust SCRA 184 (1994)
b. Public Office, not a Property Civil Service Commission v Dacoycoy, 306
c. Public Office, not a Contract SCRA 425 (1999)
d. Security of Tenure in Public Office as property for Liban v Gordon, G.R. No. 175352 (2009)
purposes of due process
Case: National Land Title and Deeds Registration C. Acquisition of Right or Title to Office
Administration v. Civil
Service Commission, 221 SCRA 145 1. Appointment
e. Distinctions
Cases: Luego v Civil Service Commission, 143 SCRA
3. Elements 327 (1986)
Regis v Osmena, 197 SCRA308 (1991)
4. Characteristics Achacoso v Macaraig, 195 SCRA 235 (1991)

5. Creation, Modification and Abolition of Public Office

Province of Camarines Sur v Court of
6. Kinds/Classifications Appeals, 246 SCRA 281 (1995)
Cases: Secretary of DOTC v Mabalot, 378 SCRA 129 Gloria v De Guzman, 249 SCRA 281 (1995)
(2002) PLM v IAC, 140 SCRA 22 (1985)
Peclaro v Sandiganbayan, 247 SCRA 454 Marohombsar v Alonto, 194 SCRA 391
(1195) (1991)
Maniego v People, 88 Phil 494 (1951) Matibag v Benipayo, 380 SCRA 49 (2002)
Laurel v. Disierto, 381 SCRA 48 (2002) Padilla v Civil Service Commission,403 SCRA
Fernandez v Sto. Tomas, 242 SCRA 192 116 (2003)
(1995) Civil Service Commission v Dela Cruz, 437
Segovia v Noel, 47 Phil. 547 (1925) SCRA 403 (2004)
Dario v Miston, 176 SCRA 84 (1989) Civil Service Commission v Darangina, 613
Mathay v Court of Appeals, 320 SCRA 703 SCRA 648 (2007)
(1999) Corpuz v Court of Appeals, 285 SCRA 23
(1998)
Lapinid v CSC, G.R. No. 96298, 14 May 1991
B. Eligibility and Qualifications Gen. Manager, PPA v Monserate, 381 SCRA
1. Definitions 200 (2002)

2. Nature of Right to hold Public Office a. Appointment by the President

3. Power of Congress to prescribe qualifications See: 1987 Constitution, Art. VII, Sec. 16

4. Restrictions and construction Cases: Sarmiento v Mison, 156 SCRA 549 (1987)
Calderon v Carale, 208 SCRA 254 (1992)
5. General and particular qualifications De Castro v JBC, G.R. No. 191002, 17 Mar
2010
See 1987 Constitution Aytona v Castillo, et al., G.R. No. L-19313,
Administrative Code of 1987 19 Jan 1962
Republic Act No. 9225
b. Appointment under Civil Service Qualification
Cases: Labo, Jr. v COMELEC, 211 SCRA 297 Standard
(1992)
Frivaldo v COMELEC, 275 SCRA 727 See: 1987 Constitution, Art. IX-B, 2(2)
(1996)
Bengzon v HRET, 357 SCRA 545 Cases: Juco v NLRC, 277 SCRA 528 (1997)
(2001) EIIB v Court of Appeals, 299 SCRA 373
(1998)
1
Chua v Civil Service Commission, 206 SCRA
Based on the course syllabus of Prof. Jesusa Loreto A. 65 (1992)
Arellano-Aguda. Cuevas v Bacal, 347 SCRA 338 (2000)
 PAGCOR v Rilloraza, 359 SCRA 525 (2001) a. Right to Office
Luego v Civil Service Commission, supra
Aquino v Civil Service Commission, 208 See: Republic Act No. 6758 (Salary
SCRA 240 (1992) Standardization Act)
Delos Santos v Mallare, 87 Phil. 288 (1950) COA Government Auditing Rules and
Tria v Sto. Tomas, 199 SCRA 833 (1991) Regulations, Sec 2671
Laurel v Civil Service Commission, 203
SCRA 195 (1991) Cases: Baybay Water District v
Grino v Civil Service Commission, 194 SCRA Commission on Audit, 374 SCRA 482 (2002)
458 (1991) Rodrigo v Sandiganbayan, 303 SCRA 309
Tomali v CSC, 238 SCRA 572 (1994) (1999)
Obiasca v Bassalote (2010) Tejada v Domingo, 205 SCRA 138 (1992)
Santos v Court of Appeals, 345 SCRA 553
2. De Facto Officership (2000)

a. Definitions b. Security of Tenure

b. Elements c. Right to compensation

Cases: Dimaandal v COA, 291 SCRA 322 (1998) d. Rights under the Civil Service Law & the Rules under
Menzon v Petilla, 197 SCRA 251 (1991) the Administrative Code 1987
Malaluan v COMELEC, 254 SCRA 397 (1996)
Flores v Drilon, supra e. Personnel Actions
Torres v Ribo, 81 Phil 44 (1948)
Tuanda v Sandiganbayan, 249 SCRA 342 i. Promotions
(1995)
Monroy v Court of Appeals, 20 SCRA 620 See: Section 13, Omnibus Rules Implementing
(1967) Book V, E.O. 292
Civil Liberties Union v Executive Secretary,
supra Cases: Panis v CSC, 229 SCRA 589 (1994)
Gen. Manager, PPA v Monserate, supra Divinigracia v Sto. Tomas, 244
SCRA 595 (1995)
3. Remedy to Question Title Santiago, Jr. v CSC, 178 SCRA 102
(1989)
Cases: Tarrosa v Singson, 232 SCRA 553 (1994) Abila v CSC, 198 SCRA 102 (1991)
Mendoza v Alia, 302 SCRA 623 (1989) Medenilla v CSC, 194 SCRA 278
Romualdez v Civil Service Commission, 225 (1991)
SCRA 285 (1993) Lustero v IAC, G.R. No. 74814, 16
Jul 1991
4. By Election
ii. Transfer
D. Power, Duties and Responsibilities of Public Officers
Cases: People v Reyes, 247 SCRA 328 (1995)
1. Power and Duties Vinzons-Chato v Natividad 224
SCRA 787 (1995)
a. Source of Power and Authority Vinzonz-Chato v Zenorosa, 344
SCRA 18 (2000)
b. Construction of power and duties
iii. Detail
c. Delegation of Power
Case: Republic v Court of Appeals, 182 SCRA 721
Case: Torres v Ribo, supra (1990)

d. Scope of Power and Authority iv. Reassignment

e. Specific duties Cases: Fernandez v Sto. Tomas, supra

Teotico v Agda, 197 SCRA 675
See: Republic Act No. 6713 and Implementing (1991)
Rules and Regulations (Code of Carino v Dawas, 380 SCRA 355
Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public (2002)
Officials & Employees) Pastor v City of Pasig, 382 SCRA
232 (2002)
Cases: Rabe v Flores, 272 SCRA 415 v. Reinstatement
(1997)
Morfe v Mutuc. G.R. No. L-20387 Cases: Cristobal v Melchor, 78 SCRA 175 (1977)
(1968) Sabello v DECS, 180 SCRA 623
PAGC v Pleyton, G.R. No. 176058 (1989)
(2011) Monsanto v Factoran, 170 SCRA
190 (1989)
f. Norms of Conduct Cabagnot v C SC, 233 SCRA 59
(1993)
See: Republic Act No. 6713 Gloria c de Guzman, supra

Cases: Samson v. Restrivera, G.R. 178454 (2011) vi. Reemployment

2. Rights and Privileges f. Rights to self-organization

 Cases: TUPAS v NHA, 173 SCRA 38 (1989)
SSS v CA, 175 SCRA 686 (1989)
Bangalisan v CA, 276 SCRA 617 (1997)
Lopez v CA, 215 SCRA 512 (1992)
People v Jalosjos, 324 SCRA 689 (2000)
5. Acceptance of Incompatible Office
Cass: Republic Interest Center, Inc., v Elma, 494
SCRA 53 (2006)

g. Other rights 6. Abandonment of Office

See: Employees Compensation Case: Canonizado v Aguirre, 351 SCRA 359 (2001)
Republic Act No. 6713
7. Prescription of Right to Office
Cases: Borromeo v CSC, 199 SCRA 911
(1991) 8. Removal
Vital-Gozon v CA, 212 SCRA 235 (1992)
Mancenido v CA, 330 SCRA 419 (2000) Cases: Aquino v Civil Service Commission, supra
Santos v CA, 435 SCRA 553 (2000) Fabella v CA, 282 SCRA 768 (1997)
Cena v CSC, 211 SCRA 179 (1992) Aguialdo v Santos,212 SCRA 768 (1992)
Rabor v CSC, 244 SCRA 614 (1995) Salalima v Guingona, Jr., 257 SCRA 55
GSIS v COA, 441 SCRA 532 (2004) (1996)
Gloria v CA, 306 SCRA 287 (1999)
3. Liabilities Secretary of education v CA, 342 SCRA 40
(2000)
a. In General RA 6713 (Code of Conduct and Ethical Hagod v Gazo-Dadole, 251 SCRA 424 (1995)
Standards) The Sanguniang Barangay of Brgy. Don
Mariano Marcos v Martinez, 547
b. Administrative Liability SCRA 416 (2008)

c. Civil Liability 9. Impeachment

d. Criminal Liability Case: Francisco, Jr. v HR, G.R. 160261,

415 SCRA 44 (2003)
See Civil Code, Arts. 27, 32, 34
Administrative Code Book I, Secs. 38 -39 10. Abolition of Office
Revised Penal Code, Title VII
Republic Act No. 3019 Case: Canonizado v Commission of Audit, 226
Republic Act No. 1379 SCRA 356 (1993)

Cases: Palma v Graciana, G.R. No. L-2740 (1956) 11. Termination through Reorganization
Cojuanco v. CA, 309 SCRA 602 (1999)
Tecson v Sandiganbayan, 318 SCRA 80 12. Conviction of Crime
(1999)
Ocampo v Office of the Ombudsman, 322 Case: Garcia v Commission on Audit
SCRA 17 (2000)
Rodrigo v Sandiganbayan, 303 SCRA 309 13. Recall
(1999)
Lacson v Executive Secretary, 301 SCRA Cases: Garcia v COMELEC, 227 SCRA 100 (1993)
298 (1999) Angobung v COMELEC, 269 SCRA 245
Garcia v Sandiganbayan, 460 SCRA 586 (1997)
(2005)
14. Disciplinary Measures
4. Disabilities and Inhibitions
Cases: Ombudsman v CA, G.R. 168079 (17 Jul
a. Under the Constitution 2007)
Marohomsalic v Cole, G.R. 169918 (27 Feb
b. Under existing laws 2008)
Jason v Torres, 290 SCRA 279 (1998)
E. Termination of Official Relations Socrates v Sandiganbayan, 263 SCRA 775
(1996)
See Republic Act No. 6713 Castro v Gloria, 363 SCRA 417 (2001)
Republic Act No. 7160 Caniete v Secretary of Education, 333 SCRA
849 (2000)
1. Expiration of Term Nalupta, Jr. v Tapec, 220 SCRA 505 (1993)
Office of the Court Administrator v Librado,
Cases: Achocoso v Macaraig, supra 260 SCRA 624 (1996)
Lecaroz v Sandiganbayan, supra RTC Makati Movement Against Graft and
Gloria v De Guzman, supra Corruption v Dumlao, 247
SCRA 108 (1995)
2. Retirement Nieva v Alvarez-Edad, 450 SCRA 45
(2005)
3. Death or Permanent Disability Civil Service Commission v
Dacoycoy, supra
4. Resignation Santos v Macaraig, 208 SCRA 74
(1992)
Cases: Ortiz v COMELEC, 162 SCRA 312 (1988)
Estrada v Arroyo, 353 SCRA 452 (2001)
Republic v Sandiganbayan, 548 SCRA 361
(2008)