INTELLIGENT BRAKING SYSTEM

PROJECT-1
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD
OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
(Mechanical Engineering)

SUBMITTED BY:

VIVEK VERMA (1713656)

RASHIL SINDHU (1713932)

ANISH BINDLISH (1713649)

VISHAL PANDITA (1713664)

SESSION (JAN -JUNE 2017)

KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY
KURUKSHETRA
 INTELLIGENT BRAKING SYSTEM
PROJECT-1
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD
OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
(Mechanical Engineering)

SUBMITTED BY:

VIVEK VERMA (1713656)

RASHIL SINDHU (1713932)

ANISH BINDLISH (1713649)

VISHAL PANDITA (1713664)

H.C.T.M TECHNICAL CAMPUS, KAITHAL

SESSION (JAN -JUNE 2017)

KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY
KURUKSHETRA
 HCTM TECHNICAL CAMPUS, KAITHAL

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Vivek (1713656), Rashil (1713932), Anish
(1713649), Vishal (1713664) of B.Tech. VIII Semester,
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING has successfully completed the
Project INTELLIGENT BRAKING SYSTEM in the partial
fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Technology Degree from
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra (Haryana) during the
academic year 2016-2017.

We wish a happy and bright future with all the silvery success in
their career.

ER. ABHIMANYU VERMA

DR. SUSHIL MITTAL (Assistant
Professor) HOD,
DEPTT. OF ME
PROJECT GUIDE

HARYANA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, KAITHAL

DECLARATION
We hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the project entitled
INTELLIGENT BRAKING SYSTEM by VIVEK (1713656), RASHIL (1713932),
ANISH (1713649), VISHAL (1713664)in partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of
degree of B. Tech. (Mechanical Engineering) submitted in the Department of Mechanical
Engineering at HARYANA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,
KAITHAL under KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY, KURUKSHETRA is carried out during a
period from January, 2017 to June, 2017 under the supervision of ER. ABHIMANYU VERMA
(Assistant Professor). The matter presented in this project has not been submitted by us in any
other University / Institute for the award of B. Tech. Degree.

VIVEK VERMA (1713656)

RASHIL SINDHU (1713932)

ANISH BINDLISH (1713649)

VISHAL PANDITA (1713664)

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best of my/ our
knowledge.

ER. ABHIMANYU VERMA

(Assistant Professor)

PROJECT GUIDE
DR. SUSHIL MITTAL

H.O.D.

ii

ABSTRACT
The aim is to design and develop a control system based an intelligent electronically controlled
automotive braking system is called INTELLIGENT BRAKING SYSTEM. Sensor Operated
Pneumatic Brake is consists of IR transmitter and Receiver circuit, Control Unit, Pneumatic
breaking system. The IR sensor is used to detect the obstacle. There is any obstacle in the path,
the IR sensor senses the obstacle and giving the control signal to the breaking system. The
pneumatic breaking system is used to break the system. The technology of pneumatics has
gained tremendous importance in the field of workplace rationalization and automation from old-
fashioned timber works and coal mines to modern machine shops and space robots. It is therefore
important that technicians and engineers should have a good knowledge of pneumatic system, air
operated valves and accessories. The air is compressed in an air compressor and from the
compressor plant the flow medium is transmitted to the pneumatic cylinder through a well laid
pipe line system. To maintain optimum efficiency of pneumatic system, it is of vital importance
that pressure drop between generation and consumption of compressed air is kept very low.
 iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Words are inadequate and out of place at times particularly in the context of expressing sincere
feelings in the contribution of this work, is no more than a mere ritual. It is our privilege to
acknowledgement with respect & gratitude, the keen valuable and ever- available guidance
rendered to us by ER. ABHIMANYU VERMA (Assistant Professor) without the wise counsel
and able guidance, it would have been impossible to complete the project in this manner.

We shall always be highly grateful to Dr. D. P. Gupta, Director, Haryana College of Technology
and Management, Kaithal, for providing this opportunity to carry out the present work. The
constant guidance and encouragement received from Dr. Sushil Mittal, HOD, Department of
Mechanical Engineering has been of great help in carrying out the present work and is
acknowledgement with reverential thanks.

We express gratitude to other faculty members of Mechanical Engineering Department, HCTM,

Kaithal for their intellectual support throughout the course of this work.

Finally, we are indebted to our family and for their ever available help in accomplishing this task
successfully.

Above all we are thankful to the almighty good for giving strength to carry out the present work.

VIVEK VERMA (1713656)

RASHIL SINDHU (1713932)

ANISH BINDLISH (1713649)

VISHAL PANDITA (1713664)

iv
 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Name of Figure Page No
1.1 Intelligent Braking in 4 wheeler 1
3.1 Block Diagram of Intelligent Braking System 9
3.2 Circuit Diagram of Intelligent Braking System 10
4.1 Layout of the Intelligent Reverse Braking System 12
4.2 Operation of Sensor 12
4.3 Pneumatic Symbol of Single Acting Cylinder 16
4.4 Pneumatic Symbol of Solenoid Valve 19
4.5 Flow Control Valve 20
4.6 Breaking arrangement 22
4.7 Pneumatic cylinder 23
4.8 Capacitor Start Motor 25
4.9 Circuit Diagram 27
4.10 Sensor range depiction 28
 CONTENTS

Chapter No Title Page No

Certificate i
Declaration ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
List of Figures v
1 Introduction 1 1
1.1 Need of Automatic Reverse Braking 3
1.2 Existing Scenario 3
1.3 Benefits to the Customers 5
1.4 Need For Automation 5
2 Literatures Survey 7
3 Block Diagram and Description 9
4 Components and Description 12
4.1 Power Supply and Control Unit 12
4.2 Sensor Unit 12
4.2.1 IR Transmitter And ultrasonic transducer 13
4.2.2 IR Receiver 13
4.3 Compressor 13
4.4 Pneumatics 13
4.4.1 SELECTION OF PNEUMATICS 13
4.4.2 PNEUMATIC COMPONENTS AND ITS 14
DESCRIPTION
4.4.3 PNEUMATIC SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER 14
4.4.4 CYLINDER TECHNICAL DATA 15
4.4.5 Parts of Pneumatic 15
4.5 Solenoid Valve 16
4.5.1 SOLENOID VALVE WITH CONTROL UNIT 17
4.5.2 Parts of a Solenoid Valve 17
4.5.3 WORKING OF 3/2 SINGLE ACTING 18
SOLENOID
4.6 Flow Control Valve 19
4.7 OPTICAL SENSOR 20
4.8 MICROCONTROLLER 21
4.9 Braking Arrangement 22
4.10 WHEEL AND BRAKING ARRANGEMENT 24
4.11 CONNECTORS, REDUCER AND 24
HOSECOLLAR
4.12 Stand 24
4.13 Working Operation 27
4.14 Braking Distance 29
4.15 Distance of obstacle in back 29
4.16 Advantages 29
4.17 Disadvantages 30
4.18 Applications 30
5 Conclusion 31
6 Future scope 32
References 33
Annexure - I 34