HENRY VII (1485-1509) HENRY VIII (1509-1547)

- Social background: Wales-the 1st Earl of Richmond-not a - Family life: Henry VIIs son- 6 wives divorced Catherine of Aragon, his brothers
royal member-he defeated Richard III (the last Yorkist in the widow by special papal dispensation- married Anne Boleyn against Pope Clement VIIs
war of Roses) consent
- Distinguishing features of his reign: - Distinguishing features of his reign:
1) Role of the Monarch: reinforced due to lack of legitimacy a) Renaissance man in the 1st part of his reign(role of culture)
2) Economy: trade-commercial treaties-merchant fleet- b) Reformation: breach with the Pope-reasons:economic (no annual taxes to
shipbuilding Rome,monasteries dissolved) and political(autonomy from the Pope- confession)
3) Military power: millitary fleet Important Acts - Act of Supremacy (1534): Supreme Head of the Church in England
4) Expansionism: encouraged (John Cabot, commissioned by ELIZABETH 1 (1558-1603)
him, discovered some countries in North America in 1497)
- Family life: Henry VIII and A.Boleyns daughter-bastard
- Age when she became queen: 25
- Education: highly cultivated, she could speak French,
THE TUDOR DYNASTY (1485-1603) Italian, Latin fluently
- Temper: fiery temper, lively intelligence and wit, a
political genius
-Distinguishing features of her reign as to the following
EDWARD VI(1547-1553) MARY 1 (1553-1558) issues:
- Family life: Henry VIII and John - Family life: Henry VIII and Cath.of 1) Social stability: she brought harmony, order and
Seymours son He was ten and Aragons daughter stability to her country and abroad
died at 16 - Religious faith: devout catholic 2) Religious disputes between Catholics and Protestants:
- Marital status: married Philip II of she avoided extremes. Her Book of Common Prayer
- Distinguishing traits of his reign: Spain, she was not appreciated by the could be read by both of them
The Anglican Church became truly English for this reason - Act of Supremacy and Uniformity (1599): she
Protestant proclaimed herself as the Governer of the Church
- Important Acts: - Distinguishing features in her reign: 3) Culture: she encouraged all forms of art taking care of
Act of Uniformity enforced the she revived Catholicism and the improvement of the cultural level of all the population
English Book of Prayer instead of persecuted 300 Protestants. (Bloody 4) Relationship with Spain: avoided open war but
the Latin Missal Mary) encouraged piracy to weaken Spain at sea and share
profits. Open war:1588 defeat of the Spanish Armada
5) Role of Parliament: in the 1590s she avoided calling it
-Privy Council (20 nobles and career officials)
- Ennemies abroad: Spain
- Ennemies at home: Puritans(Catholics)