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EDITION:
ENVIRONMENTAL ENG.
DEPART : WATER & REVISION
02
ENVIRONMENTAL ENG. NO:
LAB : ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTIVE 28/12/20
ENGINEERING DATE: 15
EXPERIMENT : BIOCHEMICAL
AMENDMENT
OXYGEN DEMAND
DATE:
(BOD)
1.0 OBJECTIVE
To measures the strength of the water sample ( water, wastewater, etc)
based on the amount of oxygen needed to stabilize the organic matter in the
sample.
3.0 THEORY
In addition, this procedure is only suitable for samples void of serious matrix
interferences. To gain a broader appreciation of oxygen demand, additional
avenues of interest may be explored including CBOD (carbonaceous oxygen
demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and TOC (total organic carbon).
Once a general range for the BOD of a sample has been determined, the
dilutions can be established which will ensure that at least one dilution will
meet the criteria for valid BOD results. The following procedure can be used
to calculate volumes for sample dilution from the estimated BOD.
For example, suppose the estimated BOD of an influent sample is 400 mg/L
and assume the DO of saturated dilution water is 8.0 mg/L. since the criteria
for most valid results states that the DO depletion at the end of five days
incubation should be at least 2.0 mg/L and the residual DO at least 1.0 mg/L ,
the formulas to calculate the minimum and maximum estimated dilution are
as follows:
A. mL sample added to BOD bottle = ( minimum allowable depletion, mg/L
x Volume of BOD bottle, mL ) / estimated BOD , mg/L.
example:
minimum mL sample = [( 8 mg/L 6 mg/L ) x 300 mL ] / 400 mg/L
minimum mL sample = ( 2 x 300 ) / 400 = 600 / 400 = 1.5 mL
example:
maximum mL sample = [ ( 8 mg/L 1 mg/L ) x 300 mL ] / 400 mg/L
maximum mL sample = ( 7x 300 ) / 400 = 5.24 mL
FACULTY : CIVIL &
EDITION:
ENVIRONMENTAL ENG.
DEPART : WATER & REVISION
02
ENVIRONMENTAL ENG. NO:
LAB : ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTIVE 28/12/20
ENGINEERING DATE:
15
EXPERIMENT : BIOCHEMICAL
AMENDMENT
OXYGEN DEMAND
DATE:
(BOD)
NOTE: Those sample dilutions which deplete less 2 mg/L, or have a final DO of
less than 1 mg/L would not be use in the calculation of the average sample
BOD.
To determine the value of the BOD in mg/l, use the following formula:
D1 D 2
BOD5, mg/L =
NOTE: The samples must undergo dilution if they have a BOD > 7, otherwise all the
dissolved oxygen will be used up before 5 days have elapsed. [Note: raw domestic
wastewater typically has a BOD of around 300 mgO2/l].
FACULTY : CIVIL &
EDITION:
ENVIRONMENTAL ENG.
DEPART : WATER & REVISION
02
ENVIRONMENTAL ENG. NO:
LAB : ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTIVE 28/12/20
ENGINEERING DATE: 15
EXPERIMENT : BIOCHEMICAL
AMENDMENT
OXYGEN DEMAND
DATE:
(BOD)
NOTE: The dilution water blanks are used only to check the quality of the dilution
water. If the quality of the water is good and free from impurities, the
depletion of DO should NOT be less than
0.2 mg/l. in any event, do not use the depletion obtained as blank
correction.
Volume
of Volume
Initial Final DO
incubati of BODx,
Sample DO, DO, depletio
on sample mg/l
mg/l mg/l n, mg/l
bottle, size, ml
ml
BLANK
1
2
3
4
5
i. Show all the calculation and state if any of the data needs to be discarded.
iv. Determine the pollution level of samples based on the BOD results.
8.0 DISCUSSIONS
POSITION:
DATE: