(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.

6m; CTC-150cm

TECHNICAL CALCULATION OF SEGMENTAL PC I BEAM FOR BRIDGE

SPAN (ctc) L= 20.00 M

I. DATA

0.3 L= 20.00 M 0.3

Beam length = 20.60 m ( edge anchor to edge anchor : 20.30 m)

Beam spacing (s) = 1500.00 mm
Concrete Slab thickness (CIP) = 200.00 mm
= A
Asphalt thickness 50.00 mm
Deck slab thickness = 70.00 mm tfl-1 t
tfl-2 t

Cross Section tweb

H
H = 1250 mm tfl-1 = 75 mm
tfl-3 t
A = 350 mm tfl-2 = 75 mm
tfl-4 t
B = 650 mm tfl-3 = 100 mm
tweb = 170 mm tfl-4 = 125 mm B

II. MATERIAL

2.1 Concrete
Beam Slab

Compressive strength
2
at service fc' = 40.0 25.0 [N/mm ]
2
at initial 80% fc' fc'i = 32.0 [N/mm ]
Allowable stress
Allowable stress at initial (SNI T-12-2004 )
2
Compressive 0.6 * fc'i = 19.2 [N/mm ]
2
Tensile 0.25 * Sqrt(fc'i) = 1.4 [N/mm ]
Allowable stress at service . (SNI T-12-2004)
2
Compressive 0.45 * fc' = 18.0 11.3 [N/mm ]
2
Tensile 0.5 * Sqrt(fc') = 3.2 2.5 [N/mm ]
Modulus of elasticity
3
Concrete unit weight wc = 2500.0 2500.0 [kg/m ]
1.5 2
Ec = wc *0.043*sqrt(fc') = 33994.5 26875.0 [N/mm ]
1.5 2
Eci = wc *0.043*sqrt(fci') = 30405.6 [N/mm ]
Concrete flexural tension strength (fr)
2
f r = 0.7*sqrt(fc') = 4.4 [N/mm ]

2.2 Prestressing Cable

[Uncoated stress relieve seven wires strand]
( ASTM A 416 Grade 270 Low Relaxation or JIS G 3536 )
- Diameter strand dia : 12.7 [mm]
2
- Eff. Section area Ast : 98.78 [mm ]
2
- Modulus of elasticity Es : 1.93E+05 [N/mm ]
2
- Ultimate tensile strength fu : 1860 [N/mm ]

2.3 Steel Reinforcement

- Diameter dia : 13 [mm]
2
- Eff. Section area Ast : 132.7 [cm ]
2
- Modulus of elasticity Es : 2.10E+05 [N/mm ]
2
- Yield stress fy : 400 [N/mm ]

page 1 / 14
3

5 2
4 Ya'
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

III. SECTION ANALYSIS

Remark :
2
3
Ep 1 = 33994 [N/mm ] [Girder]
2 2
[N/mm ] [Slab] 5
Ep 2 = 26875
4 Ya'
Ya
n = Ep 2 / Ep 1
3 1
n= 0.79
2 Yb Yb'

Base Line 1

PRECAST BEAM COMPOSITE BEAM

3.1 Precast Beam
[in mm ]
2
Section Width Area Level Yb Area*Yb Io Area*d Ix
Zone 2 3 4 4 4
Height Bottom Upper mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
0 0 0 0
6 0.0 150.0 150.0 0 1250 1250.0
31828125 12304688 12613184758 12625489445
5 75.0 350.0 350.0 26250 1175 1212.5
22265625 8775541 7556605867 7565381408
4 75.0 170.0 350.0 19500 1100 1141.8
98546875 9490559896 3049566872 12540126768
3 875.0 170.0 170.0 148750 225 662.5
6775000 30264228 5140086368 5170350595
2 100.0 650.0 170.0 41000 125 165.2
5078125 105794271 16955415084 17061209355
1 125.0 650.0 650.0 81250 0 62.5
164493750 9647698623 45314858949 54962557571
Total 1250.0 316750 519.3

3.2 Composite Beam

[in mm ]
2
Zone Height Width Area Level Yb Area*Yb Io Area*d Ix
2 3 4 4 4
Section Bottom Upper mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
336782571 790569415 61107673140 61898242555
2 200.0 1185.9 1185.9 237171 1320 1420.0
14222344 4519421.823 1536532796 1541052218
70.0 158.1 158.1 11068 1250 1285.0
164493750 54962557571 48943588486 1.03906E+11
1 1250.0 650.0 350.0 316750 0 519.3
Total 515498665 55757646408 1.11588E+11 1.67345E+11
1520.0 564989 912.4

3.3 R e s u m e
[in mm ]
2 4 3 3
Description Area (mm ) Ya (mm) Yb (mm) Ix (mm ) Wa (mm ) Wb (mm )
54962557571 75220826 105836180
Precast Beam 316750 731 519.3
167345440830 275422726 183411337
Composite Beam [composite] 564989 608 912.4
495698974
[precast] 338

IV. LOADING
4.1 Dead Load
a. Precast Beam
g
q1 = Ac precast girder x conc. Precast
q1 = 0.317 x 2.50 = 0.791875 [t/m'] = 7.77 [kN/m']
b. Slab
g
q2 = Ac slab CIP x conc. slab
q2 = 0.314 x 2.50 = 0.785 [t/m'] = 7.70 [kN/m']
c. Deck slab q3 = Ac deck slab x s
g
q3 = 0.0910 x 2.50 = 0.2275 [t/m'] = 2.23 [kN/m']
d. Asphaltic
g
q4 = Ac asphaltic x s
q4 = 0.08 x 2.20 = 0.165 [t/m'] = 1.62 [kN/m']
e. Diaphragm p
g
= Vol diaph with 0.15m thickness x diaph
p = 0.20 x 2.40 = 0.49167 [ton'] = 4.82 [kN']

note : from kg to N, multiply by 9.8060

Number of diaph = 4 pcs

Diaph. placement 1 2 3 4
Location 0 6.6666667 13.333333 20
Support Va 4.82 3.21 1.61 0.00
Mid Moment 0.00 16.07 16.07 0.00
Total Diaphragma Flexural Moment at Middle Span 32.14 kN.m
eqivalen load q diaphragm q5= 0.64 [kN/m']
page 2 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

4.2 Live Load

Taken from "Pembebanan Untuk Jembatan RSNI T-02-2005"
4.2.1. "T" Loading (Beban Truk)
Item Unit P1 P2 P3 M.max di x = 10.000 m
Load kN 225 225 50 DLA = 30%
Impact 1.3 1.3 1.3 Impact = 1 + DLA = 1.3
LL + I kN 292.5 292.5 65
Distance m 6.000 10.000 15.000
Va kN 204.75 146.25 16.25
Va kN 367.25
M max kN-m 2502.50
DF = S/3.4 0.441
M x DF kN-m 1104.044
50kN 225kN 225kN

4.2.2. "D" Loading (Beban Lajur)

Taken from "Pembebanan Untuk Jembatan RSNI T-02-2005"
Load type :

Distribution Load Chart : Dynamics Load Factored Chart :

Line Load (D load)

a. Dynamic Load Allowance [DLA] DLA = 1 + 0,4 = 1.40 Span <= 50 m
DLA = 1 + (0.0025*span+0.175) 50 < Span < 90 m
DLA = 1 + 0,3 = 1.30 Span >= 90 m
b. Knife Edge Load (KEL) = 49.00 [kN/m']
c. Distribution Factor (DF) = 1.00
d. Distribution Load 2 2
q = 9.00 kN/m which : q = 9 kN/m 2
for Span <= 30 m
q = 9 x(0,5+15/span)kN/m Span > 30 m
e. Live load
Distribution load, qudl = DF x q x s
= 1.00 x 9.00 x 1.50 = 13.50 [kN/m']
KEL, PKEL = DF x DLA x KEL x s
= 1.00 x 1.40 x 49.00 x 1.50 = 102.90 [kN']
M.max at 0.5 span = 10.00 m
Va = 186.45 kN
M LL = 1189.5 kN.m
RESUME : Moment force cause by D Loading is bigger than Truck Loading

page 3 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

V. MOMENT ANALYSIS
[in kN-meter ]
Mid Sec 1-1 Sec 2-2 Sec 3-3 Sec 4-4 Sec 5-5 Sec 6-6
Type Description
span 0.00 4.70 8.20 11.80 15.30 10.00 (m)
DL Precast beam 388.26 0.00 279.20 375.68 375.68 279.20 388.26
Subtotal 388.26 0.00 279.20 375.68 375.68 279.20 388.26
DL Slab 384.89 0.00 276.77 372.42 372.42 276.77 384.89
ADL Asphaltic Layer 80.90 0.00 58.17 78.28 78.28 58.17 80.90
SDL Diaphragm+Deck Slab 143.69 0.00 103.32 139.03 139.03 103.32 143.69
Subtotal 609.47 0.00 438.27 589.72 589.72 438.27 609.47
LL Distribution load 675.00 0.00 485.39 653.13 653.13 485.39 675.00
KEL 514.50 0.00 369.98 497.83 497.83 369.98 514.50
Subtotal 1189.50 0.00 855.37 1150.96 1150.96 855.37 1189.50
Total (DL + LL) 2187.23 0.00 1572.83 2116.36 2116.36 1572.83 2187.23
Ultimate total 3441.58 0.00 2474.84 3330.07 3330.07 2474.84 3441.58
Ultimate total = 1,2*(Beam+Diaphragm+Deck Slab)+1,3*Slab+2*Asphaltic+1.8*(LL+I)

VI. SHEAR ANALYSIS

[in kN]
Mid Sec 1-1 Sec 2-2 Sec 3-3 Sec 4-4 Sec 5-5 Sec 6-6
Type Description
span 0.00 4.70 8.20 11.80 15.30 10.00 (m)
DL Precast beam 0.00 77.65 41.16 13.98 -13.98 -41.16 0.00
Subtotal 0.00 77.65 41.16 13.98 -13.98 -41.16 0.00
DL Slab 0.00 76.98 40.80 13.86 -13.86 -40.80 0.00
ADL Asphaltic Layer 0.00 16.18 8.58 2.91 -2.91 -8.58 0.00
SDL Diaphragm+Deck slab 0.00 28.74 15.23 5.17 -5.17 -15.23 0.00
Subtotal 0.00 121.89 64.60 21.94 -21.94 -64.60 0.00
Distribution load 0.00 135.00 71.55 24.30 -24.30 -71.55 0.00
LL
KEL 51.45 102.90 78.72 60.71 -60.71 -78.72 51.45
Subtotal 51.45 237.90 150.27 85.01 -85.01 -150.27 51.45
Total (DL + LL) 51.45 437.45 256.03 120.93 -120.93 -256.03 51.45
Ultimate total 92.61 688.32 408.33 199.84 -199.84 -408.33 92.61
Ultimate total = 1,2*(Beam+Diaphragm+Deck Slab)+1,3*Slab+2*Asphaltic+1.8*(LL+I)

VII. PRESTRESSING CABLE

7.1 Cable Profile
[in: mm ]
ten- Nos Profile Tension Total JF
don strand Edge Middle left right tension (kN)
0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0
0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0
0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0
0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0
1 12 600 220 75% 0% 75% 1654
2 12 300 100 75% 0% 75% 1654
total
24 450.00 160.00 75% 0% 75% 3307

Parabolic curve (Average of Strand's position vertically from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis ))
2
Y = A.x + B.x + C
2
where : A = Constanta : ( (Ymiddle + Yedge)/(L/2) ) A= 0.002815
B = Constanta : ( L x A ) B = -0.057143
C = Average of strand's position when the parabolic curve reach the Y axis

Average of Strand's position vertically

2
from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis )
Y = 0.002815 X + -0.057143 X + 0.450000
Cable tendon angle :
o
tg = 0.005630 X + -0.057143

eccentricity of tendon at middle section

Eccentricity [e] = Yb - Ys = 359.32 mm
Yb = Distance of Neutral Axis from the bottom of non composite beam ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )
Ys = Distance of tendon from the bottom of the beam at the middle span ( Chapter 7.1, Cable Profile-middle)

page 4 / 14

0.80

0.60
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

Average of Strand's position vertically from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis )

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.00
0 5 10 15 20 25

7.2 Losses of Prestress

1. Losses of Prestress (Short Term)
a. Friction

When the jacking force is applied at the stressing end, the tendon will elongate. The elongation will be resisted by friction
between the strand and its sheating or duct. As the result of this friction, force will be decreased with distance from the jacking
end. The friction is comprised of two effects : curvature friction which is a function of the thendons profile, and wooble friction
which is the result of minor horizontal or vertical deviation form intended profile.
The equation for calculating the loss of prestress due to friction is :
-( .+ k.x)
Px = Po.e ( AASHTO 1992, Chapt. 9.16.1 )

Where : 80.0%
Px = Prestress force at section distance x from tensile point.
Po = Jacking force ( tensile force at anchor, initial) 75.0%
= friction coefficient
= Change of cable angle from tensile point to x section 70.0%
k = Wobble coefficient
65.0%
x = Distance from tensile point to x section
60.0%
Friction and Wooble coeficient for grouting tendon in metal sheating 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
with Seven Wire Strand : = 0.20
Prestress tendon section
k = 0.003

Table of calculation due to Friction

ten- Nos Profile % JF a b Prestress force (Px) = % UTS
don strand Edge Middle from UTS (rad) 0.00 10.15 20.30
0 0 0 0 0% 0.00000 0 0.000 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0 0 0 0% 0.00000 0 0.000 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0 0 0 0% 0.00000 0 0.000 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0 0 0 0% 0.00000 0 0.000 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
1 12 600 220 75% 0.00369 -0.0748768 0.149 75.0% 70.61% 68.5%
2 12 300 100 75% 0.00194 -0.0394089 0.079 75.0% 71.61% 69.5%
total
24 450.00 160.00 75% 0.00281 -0.0571429 0.114 75.0% 71.1% 69.0%
b. Anchor set
Tendons are typically anchored with two piece, conical wedges. When the tension applied by the jack is released, the strand
retracts pulling the wedges in to the anchorage device and locks the strand in place. The lost in elongation is small . It depend on
the wedges, the jack and the jacking procedure. This lost in elongation is resisted by friction just as the initial elongation is
resisted by friction.
Exact calculation is typical done as an iterative process as follows :
1. Calculated loss of prestress per length with assuming a linear variation in prestress at start to end of tendon
= Loss of prestress per length
= Fpu . (P at JF - P at end of tendon) / distance JF to end of tendon
2. Assuming drawn-in ().
3. The length, x, over which anchorage set is effective is determined as followos :
x = Sqrt ( Es . / )
effective anchorage set point position :
Cable change Cable change
angle point angle point

Anchorage Anchorage
set area set area

X (effective anchorage set) X (effective anchorage set)

page 5 / 14
 angle point angle point

Anchorage Anchorage
set area set area

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

X (effective anchorage set) X (effective anchorage set)

4 Check Assuming drawn-in (). The displacement of jacking end of tendon should be equal with assumption
= Anchorage set area x Ult. Tensile Stress / Modulus Elasticity of PC Strand
= Aset . Fpu / Es
= equal with assumption (trial)

Table of calculation due anchor set

ten- Nos draw in From left side From right side after anchorage set = % UTS
don strand Mpa/mm mm X (m) Px (% UTS) X (m) Px (% UTS) 0.00 10.15 20.30
0 0.0 0.00000 0.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0.0 0.00000 8.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0.0 0.00000 8.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0.0 0.00000 8.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
1 12.0 0.00596 8.00 16.09 69.37% 0.00 0.00% 63.7% 68.13% 68.5%
2 12.0 0.00507 8.00 17.45 70.07% 0.00 0.00% 65.1% 68.52% 69.5%
total
24 0.00552 8.00 16.77 69.72% 0.00 0.00% 64.44% 68.33% 68.98%

LOSSES OF PRESTRESS AVERAGE LOSSES OF PRESTRESS

DUE TO ANCHORAGE SET
75.0%
80.0%

75.0%
70.0% 69.86%
69.58%
70.0% 68.98%
68.33%
65.0%
65.0% 64.44%
60.0%

55.0% 60.0%
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
Prestress tendon section Prestress tendon section

c. Elastic Shortening ( ES )
Elastic shortening refers to the shortening of the concrete as the postensioning force is applied.
As the concrete shorterns, the tendon length also shortens, resulting in a loss of prestress.
The following simplified equation to estimate the appropriate amount of prestress loss to attribute to elastic shortening
for member with bonded tendons :
ES = Kes . Es . fcir / Eci
where:
Kes = 0.50 for post-tensioned members when tendon are tensioned in sequential order to the same tension
ES = Elastic modulus of tendon material
Eci = Elastic modulus of the concrete at the time of prestress transfer
fcir = concrete stress at the centre of gravity of prestressing tendons due to prestressing force at transfer and the self weight of
the member at the section of maximum positive moment

Assumption Losses due ES 2.30%

Pi = Total prestressing force at release
Pi = 68.3% - 2.30% = 66.02% UTS x nos x Aps = 2911.3893 kN
2
fcir = Pi / A + Pi. ec / I + Mg.ec/I
fcir = 13.49 N/mm2

so, ES = 42.82 N/mm2, percent actual ES losses = Es/fpu 2.30% equal with losses assumption

2. Losses of Prestress ( Long Term )

d. Shrinkage ( SH )
SH = 8,2*e-6*Ksh*ES*(1-0,06*V/S)*(100-RH) (ACI 318-95, Chapt. 18.6)
SH = 30.33 N/mm2 percent actual SH losses = SH/fpu 1.63%
Where :
The factor Ksh account for the shringkage that will have taken place before the prestressing applied.
for postensioning members, Ksh is taken from the following table :
Days 1 3 5 7 10 20 30 60
Ksh 0.92 0.85 0.8 0.77 0.73 0.64 0.58 0.45

"days" is the number of days between the end of moist curing and the application of prestress.In a structures
that are not moist cured, Ksh is typiclly based on when the concrete was cast
Ksh = 0.64
3 2
V/S = 0.08 Volume = 6.53 m Surface = 80.43 m
RH = 70.00
page 6 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

e. Creep ( CR )

Over time, the compresive stress induced by postensioning causes a shortening of the concrete member. The increase in
strain due to a sustained stress is refered to as creep. Loss of prestress due to a creep is nominally propotional to the net
permanent compresive stressin the concrete. the net permanent compressive stress is the initial compressive stress in the
concrete due to the prestressing minus the tensile stress due to self weight and superimposed deadload moments

CR = Kcr*(Es/Ec)*(fcir-fcds) (ACI 318-95, Chapt. 18.6)

2
CR = 87.87 N/mm percent actual CR losses = CR/fpu 4.72%
Where :

Kcr = 1.60 (for postensioned member)

fcir = stress at center point prestress force, initial condition
2
fcir = 13.492 N/mm
Msd = Moment due to all superimposed permanent dead loads applied after prestressing
Msd = 609.47 kN.m
fcds = Stress in a concrete at the cgs of the tendon due to all superimposed dead load
2
fcds 1 = Msdl.e/I = 3.46 N/mm component of fcd due to load on the plain beam
2
fcds 2 = Madl.e/Ic = 0.36 N/mm component of fcd due to load on the composite beam
2
fcds = fcds 1 + fcds 2 = 3.82 N/mm
f. Steel Relaxation ( RE )
Relaxation is defined as a gradual decrease of stress in a material under constant strain. In the case of steel, relaxation is
the result of permanent alteration of the grain structure. The rate of relaxation at any point in time depends on the stress
level in the tendon at that time. Because of other prestress losses, there is a continual reduction of tendon strss; this
causes a reduction in the relaxation rate.
The equation for prestress loss due to relaxation of tendons is :
RE = [ Kre - J*(SH+CR+ES) ] *C (ACI 318-95, Chapt. 18.6)
2
RE = 18.48 N/mm percent actual RE losses = RE/fpu 0.99%
Where :

Kre = 5000.00 (for 270 grade, low relaxation strand)

J = 0.04 (for 270 grade, low relaxation strand)
C = 0.66 for fpi/fpu = 0.683

RESUME DUE TO SHORT & LONG TERM LOSSES

Losses I. Short Term Losses II. Long Term Losses
Section Elastic Total Shringkage Steel Total Losses
Friction Anchor set Creep (CR)
x (m) Shortening Losses (%) (SH) Relaxation (%)
0.00 75.00% 64.44% (ES)
62.14% 12.86% 60.50% 55.78% (SR)
54.79% 20.21%
0.00 75.00% 64.44% 62.14% 12.86% 60.50% 55.78% 54.79% 20.21%
0.00 75.00% 64.44% 62.14% 12.86% 60.50% 55.78% 54.79% 20.21%
0.00 75.00% 64.44% 62.14% 12.86% 60.50% 55.78% 54.79% 20.21%
0.00 75.00% 64.44% 62.14% 12.86% 60.50% 55.78% 54.79% 20.21%
10.15 71.11% 68.33% 66.02% 5.09% 64.39% 59.67% 58.68% 12.43%
16.09 69.86% 69.86% 67.56% 2.30% 65.93% 61.21% 60.21% 9.65%
17.45 69.58% 69.58% 67.27% 2.30% 65.64% 60.92% 59.93% 9.65%
20.30 68.98% 68.98% 66.68% 2.30% 65.05% 60.32% 59.33% 9.65%

UTS
Friction
LOSSES OF PRESTRESS DIAGRAM Anchor set friction Losses equotion :
80.00%
Elastic Shortening (ES)
Shringkage (SH)
0 > x > 10.15
Creep (CR) 75.00% -+ 0.38% x
Steel Relaxation (SR)
75.00% 75.00% 10.2 > x > 20.30
71.11% + 0.06% x x - 10.15
71.11%
69.86% 69.58% 68.98%
68.33%
67.56% 67.27% 66.68% Long term Losses equotion :
66.02% 65.93% 65.64% 65.05%
65.00% 64.44% 64.44% 64.39% 0 > x > 0.00
62.14% 62.14% 54.79% #DIV/0!
61.21% 60.92% 60.32%
60.50% 60.50% 60.21% 59.93% 59.33% 0 > x > 10.15
59.67%
58.68%
54.79% + 0.38% x x-0
55.78% 55.78%
54.79% 54.79% 10.15 > x > 16.09
58.68% + 0.26% x x - 10.15

50.00% 16.09 > x > 17.45

0.00 0.00 10.15 16.09 17.45 20.30 60.21% -+ 0.21% x x - 16.0892968
Prestress tendon section
17.45 > x > 20.30
59.93% -+ 0.21% x x - 17.4494923
page 7 / 14
 55.78% 55.78%
54.79% 54.79%

50.00%
0.00 0.00 10.15 16.09 17.45 20.30 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm
Prestress tendon section

7.3 Effective Stress Force

Resume Prestressed Force at middle

%UTS Cable
% Losses of Asp P
Condition effective stress
prestress
prestress [kN/mm ]
2
[mm ]
2
[kN]

short term 9.0% 66.0% 1228 2370.72 2911.39

long term 16.3% 58.7% 1091 2370.72 2587.37

VIII. STRESS AND DEFFLECTION ANALYSIS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Beam Segment
Length (m) 4.70 3.50 3.60 3.50 4.70 0.00 0.00 0.00
Additional length at the end of the beam = 0.30 m Total Length = 20.60 m
8.1 Stress at initial
Description Middle SEC 1-1 SEC 2-2 SEC 3-3 SEC 4-4 SEC 5-5 SEC 6-6
x - [m] Span 0.00 4.70 8.20 11.80 15.30 10.00
Moment DL [kN.m] 388.26 0.00 279.20 375.68 375.68 279.20 388.26
Jacking Force [kN] 3307.15 3307.15 3307.15 3307.15 3307.15 3307.15 3307.15
Losses due to friction % 4% 0% 2% 3% 4% 4% 4%
Pi [kN] 3180.43 3307.15 3247.59 3203.24 3182.03 3189.45 3180.43
e (eccentricity) [m] 0.359 0.078 0.280 0.350 0.350 0.280 0.359
Pi.e [kN.m] -1143 -257 -910 -1122 -1114 -894 -1143
Moment Net. [kN.m] -755 -257 -631 -746 -739 -615 -755
2
Pi / A [N/mm ] 10.04 10.44 10.25 10.11 10.05 10.07 10.04
2
M / Wa [N/mm ] -10.03 -3.42 -8.39 -9.92 -9.82 -8.17 -10.03 Allow.
2
M / Wb [N/mm ] 7.13 2.43 5.96 7.05 6.98 5.81 7.13 stress

Initial Stresses top ( T ) 0.01 7.02 1.87 0.19 0.23 1.90 0.01 -1.4
bot ( B ) 17.17 12.87 16.21 17.16 17.03 15.88 17.17 19.2

8.2 Stress at service

> Load of precast, slab, diaphragm and prestress by PC Beam ( = M1 )
> Live load and asphalt by composite ( = M2 )
Description Middle SEC 1-1 SEC 2-2 SEC 3-3 SEC 4-4 SEC 5-5 SEC 6-6
x - [m] Span 0.00 4.70 8.20 11.80 15.30 10.00
Moment DL [kN.m] 916.83 0.00 659.29 887.12 887.12 659.29 916.83
Total Losses % 16% 20% 18% 17% 16% 15% 16%
effective prestress P [kN] 2584.83 2415.87 2495.28 2554.42 2606.18 2646.09 2584.83
P.e [m] -928.77 -188.02 -699.29 -894.55 -912.68 -741.56 -928.77
Moment --- M1 [kN.m] -11.95 -188.02 -40.00 -7.43 -25.55 -82.27 -11.95
Moment --- M2 [kN.m] 1270.40 0.00 913.54 1229.24 1229.24 913.54 1270.40
2
P/A [N/mm ] 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17
2
M 1 / Wa [N/mm ] -0.16 -2.50 -0.53 -0.10 -0.34 -1.09 -0.16
2
M 1 / Wb [N/mm ] 0.11 1.78 0.38 0.07 0.24 0.78 0.11
2 Allow.
M 2 / Wa' [N/mm ] 2.56 0.00 1.84 2.48 2.48 1.84 2.56
2 stress
M 2 / Wb' [N/mm ] -6.93 0.00 -4.98 -6.70 -6.70 -4.98 -6.93
Stress at Service slab ( S ) 4.61 0.00 3.32 4.46 4.46 3.32 4.61 11.3
2
[kg/cm ] top ( T ) 10.57 5.67 9.48 10.55 10.31 8.92 10.57 18.0
bot ( B ) 1.35 9.94 3.57 1.54 1.71 3.96 1.35 -3.2

Note : Moment DL = Moment due to dead load ( Chapter V - Moment Analysis )

Moment Bal = Moment due to uniform load in balance condition ( Chapter 7.4 - Effective Stress Force )
Moment Net = ( Moment DL + Moment Bal )
Pi = Initial Prestress ( at transfer condition - chapt. 7.4. Effective Stress Force )
P= Prestress at service condition.. ( Chapter 7.4 -effective Stress Force )
M= Moment Net.
A= Total Area of Precast Beam ( Chapter 3.1 - Precast Beam)
Wa = Modulus Section for Top section of Precast condition
Wb = Modulus Section for Bottom section of Precast condition
Wa' = Modulus Section for Top section of composit Condition. ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )
Wb' = Modulus section for bottom section of composite condition . ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )

page 8 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

Stress diagram at center span :

1. STRESS DIAGRAM AT INITIAL

Pi/A = 10.04 MPa M/Wa = -10.03 MPa stop = 0.01 MPa

+ =

Pi/A = 10.04 MPa M/Wb = 7.13 MPa sbottom = 17.17 MPa

2. STRESS DIAGRAM AT SERVICE

sslab = 4.61 MPa

P/A = 8.17 MPa M1/Wa = -0.16 MPa M2/Wa'= 2.56 MPa stop = 10.57 MPa

+ +

P/A = 8.17 MPa M1/Wb = 0.11 MPa M2/Wb'= -6.93 MPa sbottom = 1.35 MPa

8.3 Deflection
8.3.1 Chamber due to Prestress Load
Deflection on middle section :
l
pi= [ee+(5/6)(ec-ee)] x (P. l2 /8 Ec Ix)
P ee pi= -27.09 mm
ec P
where : P= Prestress force
Eci = Modulus Elasticity of Concrete
l/2 l/2
Ixi = Section Inertia
l= length of anchor to anchor
ee = Distance between c.g of strand and
c.g of concrete at end
w
ec = Distance between c.g of strand and
c.g of concrete at centre
8.3.2 Deflection at initial, erection and service condition (based : PCI handbook 4.6.5 Long-Time Chamber Deflection)
Deflection () on simple span structure : where : q = Uniform Load
4
q= (5/384)*q*L /Ec Ix) P = Point Load
3
p= P.l /48 Ec Ix l = Beam Span
Deflection calculation table : Estimating long-time cambers and deflections
WORKING LOAD Loading Long time cambers and deflection
(1) (2) (3)
q (kN/m) P (kN) Release multipliers Erection multipliers Service
1. Due to Prestress force -27.09 1.80 x (1) -48.76 2.20 x (1) -59.60
2. Due to beam weight (DL) 7.77 9.68 1.85 x (1) 17.91 2.40 x (1) 23.23
-17.41 -30.85 -36.36
3. Due to ADL 2.87 3.20 3.00 x (2) 9.61
-27.65 -26.75
4. Due to Composite overtoping 7.70 8.58 2.30 x (2) 19.74
-19.06 -7.01
4. due to asphaltic (SDL) 1.62 0.59
-6.42
5. due to Live Load = UDL + KEL 13.50 102.90 7.96
1.54
Resume of deflection :
1. Deflection at service = -6.42 mm
2. Deflection due to Live Load = 7.96 mm < allow. deflection L/800 = 25 mm OK
3. Total deflection with LL = 1.54 mm, deflection downward

page 9 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

IX. FLEXURAL STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY

9.1 Steel Index Requirement (SNI Beton 03-2847-2002 pasal 20.8)

Effectif slab width, is minimum length from :
1. Girder web thickness + 16 Slab thickness =3370 mm for slab with fc' = 25.00 MPa
2. Beam Ctc =1500 mm . Control Value = 0.85
3. Span length / 4 =5000 mm

Thus, Effectif slab width is : =1500 mm

Partial Rebar:
fy = 400 MPa
Use 3 Dia.10 mm at tension area
As = 235.62 mm2 b web = 170 mm
d= 1192.0 mm
Partial tension rebar ratio : Rebar in compresion area is neglected due calculation
t = As / (bweb x d ) t = 0.00116 c = 0
t = t . fy / fc t = 0.019 c = 0

Low Relaxation strand :

fpu = 1860 MPa
Strand stress ratio fpu / fpy = 0.9 value p = 0.28
2
dp = 1360.0 mm Aps = 2370.72 mm beff = 1500 mm
Prestress ratio :
p = Aps / (beff x dp ) p = 0.00116212

fps = fpu {1 - p / (p.fpu/fc + d/dp (t-c))) fps = 1797.0 MPa

p = p fps/fc p = 0.08353459
Resume of Steel Index Requirement (SNI Beton 03-2847-2002 pasal 20.8)
p + d/dp (t-c) < 0.36
0.0998404 < 0.306 Under Reinf, Meet With Steel Index Requirement
9.2 Momen Capacity
b. eff

Zone 4 Cc4
Cc3
Zone 3
Zone 2 Tps = Aps . Fps
Cc2
a Tps = 4260264 N
Cc1
Zone 1
dp d
strength reduction factor
= 0.8

Tps=Aps.fps
T = As.fy

COMPOSITE BEAM

Location of Depth of Concrete Compression Block (a) :

Zone hi wi Aci=hi.wi Conc. Strength fc'i Cci=0.85 fc'i.Aci Comp (i) Compresion
(mm) (mm) (mm2) MPa N Point (mm) Point (mm)
4 133.65534 1500 200483.01 25.00 CIP Slab 4260264 67
3 0.0 335 0 25.00 CIP Slab 0 134 66.83
2 0 350 0 40.00 Beam 0 134
1 0 170 0 40.00 Beam 0 134

Depth of Concrete Compression Block is located at zone 4

a = Tps / ( 0.85 x fc'' slab x beff ) a= 133.66 mm
Mn = (Tps (dp - comp. point) + As.fy (d - comp. point) Mn = 5615.30 kN.m
Mn = 4492.2404 kN.m
Bridge life time design for 50 year,so Transient act factor = 1

Mult = 1x 3,442kN-m Mn / Mult = 1.305 >1, Moment capacity meet with requirement

9.3 Cracking Capacity

Stress at bottom girder section due to service load ( bot at service) = 1.35 MPa
Concrete flexural tension strength fr = 4.4 MPa
Crack Moment, Mcr = (bot at service + fr ) Wb.comp + Momen (DL+ADL+LL+I)

Mcr = 3247.72 kN.m

Mn / Mcr = 1.383 > 1.2 ---- Cracking Capacity requirement is achieve
page 10 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

X. SHEAR ANALYSIS
10.1 Shear calculation based on SNI 03-2847-2002
Alternatif solution to calculated shear on prestress element is use for structure element which have effective prestress above 40%
of ultimate tensile stress
40% Ultimate Tensile Strength = 744 MPa
Effective Prestress = 1091 MPa Effective Prestress > 40% fpu

Section Properties :
Ix = 5.496E+10 mm4 Ixcomp = 1.673E+11 mm4
Yb = 519.31728 mm Ybcomp = 912.4 mm
Ag = 316750 mm2

Load :
Effective prestress Pe = 2587.37 kN
Factored Load : Unfactored Load :
qult DL + ADL = 26.0096 kN/m q DL + ADL = 18.3365 kN/m
qult LL = 24.3000 kN/m q sdl = 1.6180 kN/m
Pult LL = 185.2200 kN q DL + ADL = 19.9545 kN/m

Concrete Shear resistance contribution (Vc)

Nominal shear strength provide by concrete
Vc = {0.05sqrt(fc') + 5 (Vu.dp/Mu)}bw.d
but nominal strength (Vc) should taken between : (1/6).sqrt(fc').bw.d < Vc < 0.4sqrt(fc').bw.d
and Vu.dp/Mu 1
where :
Mu = Maximum factored moment at section
Vu = Maximum factored shear force at section
d = distance from extreme compresion fiber to centroid of prestress tendon.
But d need not to take n less than 0.8 hcomposite
bw = width of shear section

SNI 03-2847-2002 Pasal 11.1 : Shear force on beam is hold a part by concrete and the rest of force is hold by shear steel.
Concrete contribution (vc), is define as shear force when diagonal cracking appear.
Vn = Vc + Vs where : Vn = Nominal Shear force Vu = Ultimate Shear force
Vn = Vu / Vc = Concrete shear contribution = Shear reduction factor
Vs = Shear steel contribution = 0.75

Zonafication for shear steel stirup calculation

Zone 1 Vn < 0.5 Vc No need to use stirup
Zone 2 Vn < Vc+[0.35 or (75/1200) sqrt(fc')] bw d Required stirup spacing with minimum spacing :
S 0.75 H S (av.fy) / (0.35 bw)
S 600mm S (av.fy/fpu) (80/Aps) d sqrt(bw/d)
Zone 3 Vn < Vc+0.33 sqrt(fc') bw d Required stirup spacing with spacing :
S (av.fy.d) / ((Vu/ )-Vc)
S 0.75 H
S 600mm
Zone 4 Vn < Vc+0.67 sqrt(fc') bw d Required tight stirup spacing with spacing :
S (av.fy.d) / ((Vu/ )-Vc)
S 0.375 H
S 300mm
Zone 5 Vn > Vc+0.67 sqrt(fc') bw d Section to small, change beam section

Shear rebar steel

page 11 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

fy = 400 MPa shear width :

Use 2 leg Dia.13 mm bw = 170 mm
Av = 265.46 mm2 bw-e = 650 mm

Shear steel requirement calculation table :

dist. ecomp d=dp>0.8H Vu Mu dp(Vu/Mu) Vc Vn Vs Shear Use Space use
m m m kN kN-m kN kN kN Zonasi mm mm
0.1 0.460 1.07 682.36 68.49 1.00 964.43 909.81 -54.62 2 600 300
0.39 0.476 1.08 665.23 261.55 1.00 979.14 886.98 -92.17 2 600 300
0.78 0.497 1.10 642.15 512.77 1.00 998.31 856.20 -142.11 2 600 300
1.7 0.544 1.15 587.05 1070.68 0.63 680.21 782.73 102.52 3 600 300
2 0.558 1.17 569.17 1238.97 0.54 593.65 758.90 165.25 3 600 300
3 0.602 1.21 509.60 1755.21 0.35 426.37 679.47 253.11 3 508 300
4 0.641 1.25 450.03 2202.61 0.26 337.72 600.04 262.33 3 505 300
5 0.673 1.28 390.46 2581.18 0.19 279.84 520.62 240.78 3 565 300
5.5 0.688 1.30 360.68 2744.66 0.17 256.99 480.90 223.91 3 600 300
6.5 0.712 1.32 301.11 3019.99 0.13 218.45 401.48 183.03 3 600 300
7.5 0.730 1.34 241.54 3226.48 0.10 185.83 322.05 136.22 3 600 300
8.5 0.743 1.35 181.97 3364.14 0.07 156.52 242.62 86.10 3 600 300
9.5 0.751 1.36 122.40 3432.98 0.05 128.92 163.19 34.28 2 600 300
10 0.752 1.36 92.61 3441.58 0.04 115.39 123.48 8.09 2 600 300

kN
Shear Steel Requirement Position
2000.0
1800.0
1600.0
1400.0 Zona 1

1200.0 Zona 2
1000.0 Zona 3
800.0
Zona 4
600.0
Vn = Vu/f
400.0
200.0
0.0

beam section point

x (m) from range nos shear

Shear Rebar configuration
span edge (m) (row)
Shear spacing S - 75 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 100 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 125 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 150 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 200 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 250 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 300 10 10 33
total shear rebar per half span (row) = 33
total shear rebar per span (row) = 66

10.2 Horisontal Shear

page 12 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

Width of contact surface area bv = 200 mm

Effective Height d= 1216 mm
=
0.75
fy = 400 MPa
Use 2 leg Dia.13 mm
Area horisontal Shear Steel Avh = 265.46 mm2
Horisontal Shear steel Spacing s= 300 mm
Horisontal Shear steel ratio v = 0.442%
Shear horisontal Nominal
Vnh = (1.8 Mpa + 0.6 v. fy) . bv .d
Vnh = 696.00 KN
Requirement for shear horisontal steel :
Vult < f
Vnh < 350 bv.d
Vult = Ultimate shear due to superimposed DL + LL
Vult = 378.26 kN
Vnh = 522.00 kN RESUME:
3.5 bv d = 851.20 kN Shear horisontal : OK
Minimal Use :
bys = 200 mm Spacing = 1540.04 mm or 4 tweb = 680 mm
Avh = 50 by.s / fy Max. Spacing = 300.00 mm
Avh = 172.375 mm2/m min no. Spacing = 67 @ 2D13 for shear horisontal / span
Resume = additional shear horizontal required
XI. END BLOCK DESIGN
Block Anchor dimension
type a b dia hole Block Area Concrete Area
2 2 2
(mm) (mm) (mm) A (mm ) A1 (mm ) A2 (mm ) sqrt(A2/A1)
7 165 165 51 25182.18 27225 1625000 7.73
12 215 215 63 43107.75 46225 1950000 6.49
19 265 265 84 64683.23 70225 2275000 5.69
SNI 03-2847-2002 Pasal 11.3.2 (Anchorage Zone)
Maximum strand = 12
Anchor Block type = 12 Strand
Load factor = 1.2
Reduction factor () = 0.9
1. End Bearing
Ultimate Point Load
Pu = min (1.2 x nStrand x Astrand x %JF x fpu , nstrand x Astrand x 96% x fpu)
Pu = 1984.3 kN
End Bearing stress : Nominal concrete comp. :
comp = Pu / A fci = 32.00 Mpa
comp = 46.03 MPa min(2, sqrt(A2/A1)) = 2.0
Nominal fci = x 0.7 x fci x min(2,sqrt (A2/A1))
Nominal fci = 40.32 > comp = 46.03 MPa

ten- Nos Anchor sheath Ult. Point Block End Bearing Nominal
don strand Height hole Load Area Stress comp. fci
Remark
( ai ) (Pu) (A) (EBS=Pu/A)
mm kN mm2 Mpa Mpa
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 12 215 63 1984.29 43107.75 46.03 40.32 EBS > Nominal compresion (not good)
2 12 215 63 1984.29 43107.75 46.03 40.32 EBS > Nominal compresion (not good)

page 13 / 14
 (16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

2. Stirrup and Spaling Reinforcement

Load factor = 1.2
Reduction factor () = 0.85
fy = 400 MPa
Bursting Steel
Diameter closed stirup = 13 mm
Stirup Area = 132.7 mm2
ten- Nos Anchor sheath Jacking Bursting End
don strand Height EBS/0.7 (fcc'-fci)/4.1
fl / 0.5 fy
hole Force Area Bearing sp
( ai ) (Abs) (EBS) fcc' fl p
mm kN mm2 Mpa Mpa Mpa (mm)
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 12 215 63 1653.5772 43107.75 38.36 64.47 7.9 3.96% 62.4
2 12 215 63 1653.5772 43107.75 38.36 64.47 7.9 3.96% 62.4
total
24
Anchor Zone Stirup
JF Load = 3307.15 kN a1 = 430.00 mm
Ult. JF = 3968.59 kN H= 1250 mm
T bursting = 0.25 Ult.JF (1-a1/H) d bursting = 0.5(h-2e)
T bursting = 650.84799 kN d bursting = 694.317285 mm
Diameter closed stirup = 13 mm Anchor Stirup Rebar = T bursting / 0.5 fy
No. Leg of stirrup = 4 leg Anchor Stirup Rebar = 3254.2 mm2
Stirup Area = 530.9 mm2 use no of stirup = 7 pcs
Spalling Rebar
Spalling Force = 2% JF
Spalling Force = 66.1 kN
Diameter closed stirup = 13 mm
Stirup Area = 132.7 mm2
use no of stirup = 3 pcs

XII. SHEAR KEY ANALYSIS (FOR SEGMENTAL BEAM ONLY)

item Unit SEC 2-2 SEC 3-3 SEC 4-4 SEC 5-5 the shear load is transferred through the joint by friction
x (m) 4.7 8.2 11.8 15.3 and by the direct shear capacity of the steel shear pin
at initial stage (Only Beam SW) Shear transfer by joint friction :
top (Mpa) 1.87 0.19 0.23 1.90 Vj = n Ajoint
bot (Mpa) 16.21 17.16 17.03 15.88 Vj = . n Ajoint
=
n (Mpa) 9.04 8.68 8.63 8.89 With : 0.5
Ajoint (mm) 212500 212500 212500 212500 = 0.65 friction coefficient
Vj (kN) 624.3 599.3 595.7 613.8 n = compressive stress in the joint in MPa
Vult (kN) 49.4 16.8 16.8 49.4 Ajoint = Area under compression
Vj / Vult 12.6 35.7 35.5 12.4
at Service stage (all DL and Live Load) Shear transfer by steel shear pin :
top (Mpa) 9.48 10.55 10.31 8.92 Vpin = 0.6 Apin . fupin
bot (Mpa) 3.57 1.54 1.71 3.96 Vpin = 0.6 Apin . fupin

n (Mpa) 6.52 6.04 6.01 6.44 With : = 0.8

Ajoint (mm) 212500 212500 212500 212500 Apin = Steel shear pin
Vj (kN) 450.5 417.3 414.9 444.9 fu pin = Ultimate Tensile strength
Vult (kN) 408.3 199.8 199.8 408.3
Vj / Vult 1.1 2.1 2.1 1.1 Shear steel pin capacity :
Vpin
Shear steel Pin Requirement Dia Apin fu
Exceed Shear - - - - 28 615.8 400 118.22
Min. Shear pin Min.2 Min.2 Min.2 Min.2
Steel shear pin 236.4 236.4 236.4 236.4
Add. shear pin - - - -
Total. shear pin 2 Dia.28 2 Dia.28 2 Dia.28 2 Dia.28

page 14 / 14