Engine Output Mass flowkgisec Air specific output Hitachi HS 13,800 49.44 279.12 25 26,900 88.00 305.69 Mashprockt 672500 2,850 1492 190.8 T8001 6,700 30.28 216.27 T1000, 17,500 71.24 245.74 T1600, 16,300 98.88 164.84 T1602 17,000 98.88 471.92 T2500, 27,500 87.54 314.13 MHI MF-8t 5,925 2722 2771 Mr-114 14570 54.88 205.47 MFTS 25,780 86.18 310.74 MF-221 30,000 107.96 277.89 M01 113,050, 348,09 5329.25 MSO1F 185,400, 453.14 409.15 M5016. 254,000 568,99 447.98 leM-701 > 144,090 440.89 326.81 M-701F 270,300 e50.91 41627 M7016 334,000 737.08 453.13, ‘Mitsui SBS 1,080 499 216.45 B15 2,720 1481 187.30 8830 5.10 27.22 198.78 SB30E 7,330 3289 222.89 $8-60-2 12,490 55.34 225.70 88-60-41 13.870 59.42 228.37 88-120 23,000 102.08 225.38 Nuvo Pignone Pot2 2,000 10.70 188.83 POTS: 5220 24.83 211.94 GES 5,500 49.60 280.68 PGT1O 10,220 4209 242.78 PGT10B 11.270 4822 243.83 | parte 19,735 47.40 289.77 | pots 22,450 68.90 325.83 | paras 30,228 84.28 358.65 Rolls Royce Avon 14,580 1758 187.97 R211 27,210 e163 298.97 Trent 51,190 159.21 321.52 63,000 190.06 331.48 70,000 190.08 36831 109,000 356.52 205.73 180,000 444.52 404.93, 159,000, 513.47 309.68 190,000, 52662 36078 255,000 640.47 308.14 185,900 22870 378.60, 501D5 108,470 368.32 297.22 [eset _5.0 Engine OutputkW Mass flow kg/sec Air specific outy ‘Siemens 501D5A 122,230 391.50 312.24 701D 139,350 47437 293.76 501F 17,100 448.56 396.59 5016 236,780 553.38 426.07 T01F 252,460 659.21 382.98 Solar Saturn 20 1,210 e44 187.86 Centaur 40/408 3618 18.60 189.01 Centaur 50/508 4345 1901 228.62 Mercury 4,180 16.28 256.69 Taurus 60/608 5,200 21.36 243.40 Taurus 70 644 25.49 288.48 Mars 90/908 9,285 38.19 236.92 Mars 100/108 10,695 41.84 256.85 Titan 12,400 Sulzer 3 6,560 33.41 498.11 RS 6,360 33.11 192.07 7 11,000 63.50 173.22 RT 40,600 63.50 168.92 Turbo Power & Marine FTB 25,485 85.28 298.62 FT@ Twin Pac 51,290 17055 300.73 Table Gas turbine fouling When airborne contaminants enter a gas turbine they can contaminate the compressor and other parts of the machine. This occurrence is called fouling and before continuing with the discussion of life cycle costing and ways to reduce the costs of fouling, it would be appropriate here to explain the term “fouling” an its effects on the gas turbine. Compressor fouling is defined as a reduction n the flow capacity and efficiency of the gas turbine ‘compressor caused by the adherence of airbome particulate contaminants to the compressor airfoil and annulus surfaces. Compressor fouling leads to a reduction in both the power output and overall efficiency of the engine. For example, a 1% reduction in axial compressor efficiency can account for a 1.5% decrease in the gas turbine output efficency for a given power output, Gas turbine ‘compressor fouling is perhaps the most prevalent and perplexing problem faced by gas turbine ‘operators, Some estimates have placed fouling 2s being responsible for between 70 and 85% of al .g28 turbine performance losses during the lfe ofthe machine and can be most readily noticed is a ‘gradual fallin the maximum output ofthe gas turbine together with an increase in the fuel costs per MW generated In madier high temperature gas turbines, fine cooling alr passages are used to cool many of the hhot gas path components and these can be subject to a further effect of fouling. Fine airbome particulate can be deposited on the walls of these passages and any blockage, or @ reduction of the airflow, can have serious effects on the life of the het gas path components as @ result of overheating, ‘All gas turbine compressors are susceptible to fouling and the degree and rate of fouling is dependent on the amount and type of airaome contaminant as well as the climatic conditions and some compressor design parameters. Compressor fouling Is generally caused by airbome Particulate 5 jum or oss, with the majority being caused by particulate less than 3 tm. The fouling problem can be more pronounced in tropical and rural areas as the performance of the majority of fiter systems falls off rapidly for particle sizes below 3 ym, and the majority of the airborneEngine Alstom GT 35 cr 10 GT 100 | crec Grain | eraine Gr 130 GT 1362 or24 GT 26 Hurricane Typhoon 36 Typhoon 4.4 Typhoon 47 ‘Typhoon 6.3 Tornado ‘Tempest Gyclone Allison 501-KBS, 501-KB4 501-KB5 501-KB5S. 501-KB7 501-KH steam 501-KH7 steam 601-KB9 601-KB11 GE Acro-derivatives La 800A | LM 2000 LM 2500PE LM 2500PK La 2500PV LM eo00Pc. LM s000PD GE Industrial LPG 5001.PA PG 6001 B PG 6001 FA PG 7001 EA PG 7001 FA PG 7001 FB PG 7001 H 9001 EA PG 9001 EC PG 9001 FA PG s001FB, PG 9001 H Output KW 17,050 2470 43,000 52,800 83,800 115,500 196,000 165,100 173,000 251,000 1,662 3,887 4,358 4,708 5,252 6731 71738 s912 2.835 4325 3,928 4,103 5222 6.751 8576 rit 8,202 13,750 18,000 22,800 30,700 30,240 43,318 42.227 26.070 42,100, 69,430 84,360 171,700 184.400, 266,000 422,500 169,200 255,600 278,000 320,000 Mass flow kg/sec 9253 0.42 124.1 179.17 317.82 375.12 394,17 532.08 390.08 561.55 7.39 1851 17.60 49:10 2032 27.58 29.35 30.19 30.98 18.60 18.60 18.60 20.23 18.64 23.81 23.59 3012 46.72 63.05 68.95, 87.09 84.37 12565 124.74 12247 13971 198.22 291.68 431.82 448.60 557.92 403.70 41277 645.01 660.98 684.93, Air specific output 184,26 308,00 355.05 294.89 253.02 307.90 243.55 310.30 443.49, 448.98, 22479 231.23, 247.82 248.54 258.45 248.07 263.60 329.47 erst 277.18 25181 262.95 258.13, 362.13 360.13 284.52 272.32 294.31 285.49 33069 352.51 358.43 344.74 338.53, 212.87 301.35 360.27 289.24 397.62 411.05, 476.17 303.44 409.91 396.27 410.47 487.20