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Panitia Daerah Kota Setar

SPM Chemistry Score A+

http://spmchem.blogspot.com/
YEOH T.P.
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Year Structure Question Planning an Experiment

2013 1To construct the electrochemical series
based on the potential difference
between two different metals in a
voltaic cell.
2012 1. Experiment to determine the heat of
combustion of methanol.
2011 1.To investigate the effect of
concentration on the rate of reaction
between sodium thiosuiphate solution
and hydrochloric acid.
2010 1.The reactivity of Group 1 elements with
water.
2.To investigate the acidic properties of
ethanoic acid.
2009 1 Effect of type of electrode on the
electrolysis of aqueous solution
2 Rate of reaction
2008 1 Effect of ethanoic acid and ammonia
solution on the coaagulation of latex
2007 1 Exothermic & endothermic reaction
2006 1 Heat of neutralization
2005 1 Freezing point of naphthalene
2 Electrochemical series based on
potential difference
2004 1 Empirical formula of magnesium oxide
2 Reactivity series of metals
2003 1 Effect of temperature on the rate of
reaction
2 Construct ionic equations through
continuous variation method
Experiment to study the solubility of sulphate
salts in water. (use two examples of soluble
sulphate salts and two examples of insoluble
sulphate salts)
Experiment to study the presence of water in
showing the property of an alkali.
experiment to construct the ionic equation for
the formation of lead(II) iodide (continuous
variation method)
The effect of a catalyst on the rate of reaction
between metal and acid.
Relationship between concentration of nitric
acid & pH value
Reactivity of lithium, sodium and potassium
with water
Construct electrochemical series to determine
factor that influence the difference in voltage
Compare iron & steel from the aspect of
hardness/resistant to corrosion
1 Effect of alloying on the hardness of metal
2 How concentration affect the rate of reaction
of acid with metal
Prepare esters from two different alcohol
Compare the elasticity of vulcanized rubber &
unvulcanized rubber

FORM 4
2 The Structure of the Atom 2005(S Q1) S1
3 Chemical Formulae and Equations 2004(S Q1) S1
4 Periodic Table of Elements 2010(S-Q1)/ 2008(E) S1 E
5 Chemical Bonds
6 Electrochemistry 2013(S)/ 2009(S-Q1)/ 2007(E)/ 2005(S Q2) / S1S1S2 E
7 Acids and Bases 2012(E)/ 2010(S-Q2)/ 2009(E) S2 E,E
8 Salts 2013(E)/ 2011(E)/ 2003(S Q2) S2 E,E
9 Manufactured Substances in 2008(S)/ 2006(E) 2003(E) S1 E,E
industry
FORM 5
1 Rate of Reaction 2011(S) / 2010(E)/ 2009(S-Q2) /2003(S Q1) S1,S2,S1 E
2 Carbon Compounds 2004(E) E
3 Oxidation and Reduction 2004(S Q2) S2
4 Thermochemistry 2012(S)/ 2007(S)/ 2006(S)/ S1,S1,S1
5 Chemicals for
Consumers
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CHEMISTRY PAPER 3( 4541/3)

GUIDELINE ON ANSWERING QUESTIONS IN CHEMISTRY PAPER 3

1. Paper 3 Format

Time Type of instrument No of question Construct Marks

Structure item 2 or 3 Question 1 & 2
Open response item Compulsory Evaluate Aspect of Scientific 33
1
Report item Process Skills
jam
Question 3
17
Evaluate Aspect of Experimenting

2. Allocation of marks
Score Description
3 Excellent: Candidate gave the best response.
2 Satisfactory : Candidate gave an average response
1 Weak: Candidate gave an inaccurate response.
0 Candidate gave no response or wrong response

3 Techniques on answering question

a) Observing
State the observation(s). State what you experienced with your five senses only.
[see, hear, smell, touch, taste].

Incorrect observation Correct observation

Chlorine gas released.

Copper formed.

Deflection of the galvanometer

Clear (solution)

No reaction

Hydrogen gas released

Voltmeter moves

Purple colour disappears or purple

solution bleached

Product of electrolysis at the cathode:

Brown precipitate

Red litmus paper becomes blue litmus

paper
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Copper sulphate turns colourless

Clear (solution)
Colour of water is clear/white
No reaction

Rate of reaction is faster/slower.

Electrons flow from zinc metal to
copper metal.
Reagent to verify iodine. starch

2010 (Observation)
Table 1.1 shows three experiments to investigate the reactivity of Group 1 elements
with water. The pH value of the solution formed is measured using a pH meter.

Ex. 1

Ex. 2

Ex. 3

@@@@ TURN TO PAGE 14 NO 1(i) AND PAGE 17 NO 1(a)(i) @@@.

b) Making inference
State the appropriate inference that explains the observation.
You must give an inference that corresponds with the observation.

State three inferences from Experiment II.

1___________________________________________________

2___________________________________________________

3___________________________________________________
[3 marks]
@@@ TURN TO PAGE 14 NO 1(ii) AND PAGE 17 NO 1(a)(ii) @@@.
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d) Measuring and using numbers

You must write the value of the measurement according to the accuracy of the
apparatus used.
All the values written must be uniform and have the correct unit.
Example of reading
Apparatus Accuracy of reading
and its unit
Ruler One decimal place
Electronic balance One decimal place
If electronic, follow the reading
Stop watch shown
If analogue, one decimal place.
Measuring cylinder 50 cm3
Pipette 25 cm3 One decimal place. The decimal
0
Thermometer 0 110 C place must end with 0 or 5.
Voltmeter 0 3V
Two decimal places. The second
3
Burette 50 cm decimal place must end with a 0
or 5.

SPM 2010

@@@@ TURN TO PAGE 14 NO 1(e) AND PAGE 18 NO 1(e) @@@.

(d) Variables : . Always given in the question
Manipulated variable :
Responding variables:
Constant variable :
SPM 2010
2 Table 2 shows the results from an experiment to investigate the acidic
properties of ethanoic acid.
Reaction Observation
Ethanoic acid in water + magnesium Effervescence
Ethanoic acid in methylbenzene + No
magnesium effervescence
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(a) For this experiment, state:

(i) The manipulated variable
(ii) The responding variable
(iii) The constant variable
@@@@ TURN TO PAGE 14 NO 1(b) AND PAGE 17 NO 1(d) @@@.
(e) Hypothesis: Statement that relates the manipulated variable followed by responding
variable with direction.
Example:
1. The higher temperature of the reactant the higher the rate of reaction 3 marks
The temperature of the reactant affects the rate of reaction 2 marks

4. Question 3 (essay) Test the Mastery of Planning Experiment.

Experiment MV RV Hypothesis (MVRV)
Factor of size on Size of calcium Rate of reaction
Rate of reaction carbonate

Electrolysis of Concentration of Product at anode

solution with hydrochloric acid
different solution
concentration
using carbon
electrodes
To differentiate Hexene and Decolourised brown
between hexene hexane bromine water
and hexane

Heat of Types of alcohols Heat of combustion

combustion of
different types of
alcohols

Coagulation of Acid and Coagulation of latex .

latex ammonia solution

SPM 201-
State one hypothesis for this experiment.(MVRV)

________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

@@@@ TURN TO PAGE 14 NO 1(c) AND PAGE 17 NO 1(e) @@@.

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f) Plotting the graph

Both axes must be labelled with the correct variable and unit (if any) must be written.
If no scale is given, use the appropriate scale so that the graph drawn covers at least half of the
page.
Points plotted must be correct.
Draw the best straight line /curve.
If value of the variable needs to be obtained from the graph, you must show how this value is
obtained.
SPM 2010

@@@@ TURN TO PAGE 14 NO 1e(ii) AND PAGE 18 NO 1(g) @@@.

g) Predicting:
You need to analyse all the information given (observations, previous experiences or data
that can be trusted) and hence make a forecast (prediction) according to the need of the
question.

(g) Rubidium is placed below potassium in Group 1 of The Periodic Table of Elements.
Predict three observations from the reaction of rubidium with water.

________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
@@@@ TURN TO PAGE 15 NO 1f(ii) AND PAGE 19 NO 1(h) @@@.

h) Classifying
Draw a table with a ruler.
Every column must have a correct heading and units MUST be written (if any)
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i) Operational definition
Operational definition is a statement that contains:
1. what you do/procedure
2. what you see/observation

Example:
1. When acid is added into latex, white solid is formed.
When acid is added into latex, latex coagulated.- wrong
2. When the higher the concentration sodium thiosulphate solution is added into sulphuric acid, time
taken for `X~ mark to disappear from sight is shorter.

Operational definition for What you do What is observed

1. Rusting of iron
2. Coagulation of latex
3. Reactivity of Group 1
elements
4. Precipitation of silver
chloride
5. Voltaic cell
6. An acid
7. Heat of combustion
8. Hardness of alloy
When an iron nail coiled with a less Blue spots are formed
electropositive metal is immersed in hot
agar-agar added with potassium
hexacyanoferrate (III) solution,
When acid is added to latex White solid is formed
When a metal which is lower in Group 1 is Brighter flame is formed
put in a basin half filled with water
When silver nitrate solution is added to White solid is formed
sodium chloride solution
When two different metals are dipped into an The needle of the voltmeter
electrolyte deflects//Voltmeter shows a
reading
When a blue litmus paper is dipped into a Blue litmus paper turns red
substance which is dissolved in water,
When 1 mol of fuel is burnt in excess Temperature
oxygen rises//Thermometer reading
increases
When a weight is dropped on a steel ball Diameter of dent formed is
bearing taped on an alloy block smaller

SPM 2010
(e) State the operational definition for the reactivity of Group 1 elements.(refer pg 4)

@@@@ TURN TO PAGE 14 NO 1(d) AND PAGE 19 NO 1(j) @@@.

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Describing chemical test: Description must have (1) correct reagent, (2) procedure, and
(3) expected observation.
Do not give the reagent only.
You must state how you would carry out the test using the reagent and what is the observation
to verify the identity of the substance.

Example:
Name gas Y and describe a method to verify its identity.
Answer:
Inaccurate answer 1. Hydrogen. Test with wooden splinter
2. Hydrogen. Place a lighted splinter into the test tube.
Accurate answer Hydrogen. Place/ Put/Near a lighted wooden splinter into the test tube. A
pop sound is heard verifying the gas is hydrogen
Question 3 (essay) Test The Mastery of Planning Experiment .
Planning should include the following aspects:
1. Aim of the experiment/Statement of the problem
2. All the variables
3. Statement of the hypothesis
4. List of substances/material and apparatus should be separated
5. Procedure of the experiment
6. Tabulation of data
Score : (5 X 3) + 2 = 17

(a) Aim of experiment

Read the question carefully and the aim for the experiment is clearly stated in the question!
The aim must be written accurately.

(b) Problem statement

The problem statement must be a question ending with a question mark ?.
The problem statement should use certain key word such as: What ........; How ....
Need to be accurate and complete.

(c) Hypothesis
The statement correlates the manipulated variable with the responding variable.
The manipulated variable must be written in front of the statement and followed by the
responding variable.
Need to state the direction of change for both the variable. (the direction may be right or
wrong)

(d) All variables

Manipulated variable: Materials that we use and change in the experiment.
Responding variable: Measurement (using apparatus, through observation or product of
the reaction) that is recorded for each material that we change in the experiment.

(e) List of apparatus and materials

State the name of all materials (including its concentration) and all apparatus.
A labelled diagram of the set-up of apparatus may complement the list.

Drawing the set up of apparatus.

Set up of apparatus drawn must be functional.
Materials and main apparatus must be labelled.
Areas representing solids, liquids and solutions must be shaded.
A two dimensional diagram should be drawn.
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(f) Procedure
Volume and concentration must be written.
Use action words
State the quantity of the material used. Do not write about three gram.
The steps in the procedure must be in order.
Use passive sentences.

(g) Tabulation of data

Must draw table using a ruler.
Every column must have a heading and its unit (if any)
Manipulated variable must be on the left side of the table and responding variable on the
right side.

3 Diagram 3 shows the production of fuel during the launching of a space shuttle by
using a catalyst.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan pengeluaran bahan api semasa pelancaran sebuah kapal
angkasa dengan menggunakan mangkin.

The catalyst is used to speed up the production of fuel. Based on this idea, plan one
laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of a catalyst on the rate of reaction
between metal and acid. Use copper(II) sulphate solution as the catalyst.
Mangkin itu digunakan untuk mempercepatkan pengeluaran bahan api. Berdasarkan
idea ini, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk menyiasat kesan mangkin ke atas
kadar tindak balas antara logam dengan asid. Guna larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
sebagai mangkin.
Your planning should include the following aspects:
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
(a) Aim of the experiment (e) Procedure for the experiment
Tujuan eksperimen Prosedur eksperimen
(b) All the variables (f) Tabulation of data
Semua pembolehubah Penjadualan data
(c) Statement of the hypothesis
Pernyataan hipotesis
[17 marks][17 markah]
(d) List of substances and apparatus
Senarai hahan dan radas

Experiment

Aim of
experiment
Problem
statement
Variables
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Hypothesis

Materials
and
apparatus

Procedure

Tabulation
of data

Experiment The following diagram shows two bottles Solid sodium chloride cannot conduct
containing sodium chloride solution and electricity whereas sodium chloride
tetrachloromethane respectively. solution can conduct electricity
Refering to the statement above, plan an
experiment to prove it true by using
electrolytic cell. Your planning must
include the following items:
Plan a laboratory experiment to
differentiate between the two substances
based on their electrical conductivity.
Your planning must include the following
items:
Aim of To differentiate between sodium chloride
experiment solution and tetrachloromethane based on
their electrical conductivity
Problem How to differentiate between sodium
statement chloride solution and tetrachloromethane
based on their electrical conductivity?
Variables Manipulated: sodium chloride solution
and tetrachloromethane// Types of
solution
Responding: Reading of ammeter I
Electrical conductivity
Constant: volume of solution// carbon
electrodes
Hypothesis Sodium chloride solution can conduct
electricity whereas tetrachloromethane
cannot conduct electricity.
Materials Materials: sodium chloride solution and
and tetrachloromethane
apparatus Apparatus: beaker, measuring cylinder,
carbon electrodes, two dry cells,
connecting wire, ammeter, switch
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Procedure 1. Measure 50 cm3 of sodium chloride

solution using measuring cylinder and
pour into a beaker.
2. Dip two carbon electrodes into the
solution.
3. Connect the electrodes to a switch, dry
cell and ammeter using connecting
wires.
4. Close the switch and record the
observation.
5. Repeat steps 1 to 4 using
tetrachloromethane to replace sodium
chloride.
Tabulation Substances Observation
of data Sodium chloride
Tetrachloromethane

SPM 2011
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S
P
M
2
0
1
1
Observing 14
Operation Def.

S
P
M
Inferring 2
0
1
1

Variables

Hypothesis
Communicatin 15

S
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2
0
1
1

Predicting
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Classifying

S
P
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2
0
1
2
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Observing Hypothesis

S
P
Inferring Variables
M
2
0
1
2

Classifying
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S
P
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2
0
1
2
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Predicting

Communicating
S
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2
0
1
2

Defining Operationally
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S
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2
0
1
3
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S
P
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2
0
1
3
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SPM 2011
2 Diagram 2 shows eight test tubes containing lead(II) iodide precipitate which
is formed when lead(II) nitrate solution reacts with potassium iodide solution.
Lead(II) iodide is an insoluble salt.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan lapan tabung uji yang mengandungi mendakan
S plumbum(II) iodida yang terbentuk apabila larutan plumbum(II) nitrat bertindak
P balas dengan larutan kalium iodida.
M Plumbum(II) iodida adalah garam tak terlarut.
2 The ionic equation for this reaction is:
Persamaan ion untuk tindak balas ini ialah:
0
1
3
S
P
M
2
0
1
1

Diagram 2 Rajah 2
Based on Diagram 2, plan one laboratory experiment to construct the ionic
equation for the formation of lead(I1) iodide as given in the above ionic
equation.
Berdasarkan Rajah 2, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk membina
persamaan ion bagi pembentukan plumbum(I1) iodida seperti yang diberi
dalam persamaan ion di atas.
Your planning should include the following aspects:
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
(a) Problem statement
Pernyataan masalah
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(b) All the variables Based on the situation, plan a laboratory experiment to study the presence of
Semua pembolehubah water in showing the property of an alkali. Your planriing should
(c) Statement of the hypothesis include the following aspects:
Pernyataan hipotesis
(d) List of substances and apparatus Berdasarkan situasi tersebut, rancangkan satu eksperimen makmal untuk
Senarai hahan dan radas mengkaji kehadiran air bagi menunjukkan sifat alkali. Perancangan
(e) Procedure for the experiment anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
Prosedur eksperimen (a) Problem statement
(f) Tabulation of data Pernyataan masalah
Penjadualan data [17 marks][17 markah] (b) All the variables
Semua pembolehubah
(c) Statement of the hypothesis
2 Diagram 2 shows a conversation between a teacher and her student. Pernyataan hipotesis
Rajah 2 menunjukkan perbualan antara seorang guru dengan muridnya. (d) List of substances and apparatus
Senarai hahan dan radas
(e) Procedure for the experiment
Prosedur eksperimen
(f) Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data [17 marks][17 markah]
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S
P
M
2
0
Referring to the above conversation, plan a laboratory experiment to study1the
solubility of sulphate salts in water. You are required to use two examples of
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soluble sulphate salts and two examples of insoluble sulphate salts.

Merujuk kepada perbualan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk

mengkaji kelarutan garam sulfat dalam air. Anda dikehendaki menggunakan
dua contoh garam sulfat terlarutkan dan dua contoh garam sulfat tak
terlarutkan
(a) Problem statement
Pernyataan masalah
(b) All the variables
Semua pembolehubah
(c) Statement of the hypothesis
Pernyataan hipotesis
(d) List of substances and apparatus
Senarai hahan dan radas
(e) Procedure for the experiment
Prosedur eksperimen
(f) Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data [17 marks][17 markah]