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There were several autonomous administrative divisions of India to which the cen
tral government has given varying degrees of autonomy within the state legislatu
re. The establishment and functions of most of these autonomous councils are bas
ed on the sixth schedule to the Constitution of India.[1]
Contents [hide]
1 In Assam
1.1 Bodoland Territorial Council
1.2 Deori Autonomous Council
1.3 Dima Hasao Autonomous District Council
1.4 Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council
1.5 Mising Autonomous Council
1.6 Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council
1.7 Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council
1.8 Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council
1.9 Tiwa Autonomous Council
2 In Manipur
2.1 Sadar Hills Autonomous District Council
3 In Jammu and Kashmir
3.1 Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil
3.2 Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh
4 In Meghalaya
4.1 Garo Hills Autonomous District Council
4.2 Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council
4.3 Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council
5 In Mizoram
5.1 Chakma Autonomous District Council
5.2 Lai Autonomous District Council
5.3 Mara Autonomous District Council
6 In Tripura
6.1 Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council
7 In West Bengal
7.1 Gorkhaland Territorial Administration
8 De facto autonomous area
8.1 North Sentinel Island
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
In Assam[edit]
In Assam there are 9 Autonomous Councils under Sixth-Schedule of Indian Constitu
tion. Apart from these, there are 31 Development Councils formed by the Governme
nt of Assam for development and upliftment of ethnic communities of the state.
The 31 Development Councils are:
Adibashi, Amri Karbi, Barak Valley Hills Community, Barman Kachari, Bishnupriya
Manipuri, Chutia, Ex-Tea Garden Community, Garia, General Castes, Gorkha, Hajong
, Hindibhasi, Kachari, Karbi, Koch, Kumar, Madahi, Manipuri, Maria, Matak, Mech
Kachari, Moimal, Moran, Nath Jogi, Rajbongsi, Saodang, Sarania, Scheduled Castes
, Singphu, Sut and Tai-Ahom Development Council.
The 9 Autonomous Councils are:
Bodoland Territorial Council[edit]
Main article: Bodoland
The Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC) has legislative, administrative, executiv
e and financial powers over 40 policy areas in the Bodoland Territorial Areas Di
stricts comprising 4 Administrative Districts as- Udalguri, Baksa, Chirang, Kokr
ajhar and 40 Elected Representatives to the BTC Legislative Assembly and provisi
ons for 6 Nominated Members to be nominated by the Governor of Assam from the un
represented communities in the BTCLA through direct election in the districts of
Assam. It was established in 2003 following a peace agreement between the Gover
nment of India and Bodo rebels and is functioning since 2003 under the provision
of the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India. The first Chief Executive M
ember of the BTC was Hagrama Mohilary. Its predecessor body Bodoland Autonomous
Council was functional with lesser power.
Its headquarters is Kokrajhar in Kokrajhar district.
Deori Autonomous Council[edit]
The council area is scattered in medium/small villages/parts of villages/settlem
ents in seven upper Assam Districts namely Dhemaji, Lakhimpur, Sonitpur, Jorhat,
Sibsagar, Dibrugarh and Tinsukia where the Deori community is situated.[2]
Its headquarter is North Lakhimpur in Lakhimpur district
Dima Hasao Autonomous District Council[edit]
The Dima Hasao Autonomous District Council (DHADC) is an autonomous council cons
tituted under the provisions of the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India
to administer the district and to develop the Dimasa people.
Its headquarter is Haflong in Dima Hasao district.
Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council[edit]
Main article: Karbi Anglong District
The Karbi Anglong Autonomous District Council (KAADC) is an autonomous council i
n the district constituted under the provision of the Sixth Schedule of the Cons
titution of India for the development of Karbi people.
Its headquarter is Diphu in East Karbi Anglong district.
Mising Autonomous Council[edit]
Main article: Mising Autonomous Council
The Mising Autonomous Council (MAC) was constituted by the Government of Assam i
n 2005. It was constituted for all round development in the area of economic, ed
ucational, socio-cultural and ethnic identity of Mising people residing in the c
ouncil area.
Its headquarters is Gogamukh in Dhemaji district.
Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council[edit]
An Autonomous Council have been constituted under the style "Rabha Hasong Autono
mous Council" (RHAC) The jurisdiction of this council extends up to Rani area of
Kamrup district and except some parts of Matia, Balijana and Lakhipur revenue C
ircles, it embraces almost the entire district of Goalpara. The autonomous counc
il has been created to fulfill the longstanding demands of the Rabha people of t
he area. However, as the council is constituted only for the Rabhas, other Triba
ls like the Bodos, Garos, Kochs, Rajbongsis and others who constitute more than
half of the population of Hasong area have been left out from the benefit of the
council. As a result of this, there is a growing demand for Autonomous district
council comprising all Tribal groups of these areas.[3]
Its headquarter is Dudhnai in Goalpara district.
Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council[edit]
The Sonowal Kachari Accord was signed on 4 March 2005 between the Government and
four signatory organizations of the community All Assam Sonowal Kachari Student
s Union, All Sonowal Kachari Jatiya Parishad, Sonowal Kachari Yuva Parishad and S
onowal Kachari Autonomy Demand Committee. Subsequently, the Gazette Notification
was made, under Assam Act XX of 2005, on 11 May 2005, as Sonowal Kachari Autonom
ous Council Act, 2005 providing for the establishment of an administrative author
ity in the name and style of "Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council". Oath taking b
y its thirty Members was concluded on 25 September 2005.
Its headquarter is Dibrugarh in Dibrugarh district.
Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council[edit]
Established on 10 August 2005 under Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council Act, 2005
of government of Assam for the overall development of the Thengal Kachari commu
nity.[4]
Its headquarter is Titabar in Jorhat district.
Tiwa Autonomous Council[edit]
The Tiwa Autonomous Council (TAC), was constituted by the Government of Assam on
14 April 1995, The Apex council will consist of 144 villages of Nagaon, Morigao
n and Kamrup with 28 blocks.
The Tiwa Autonomous Council (TAC) will consist of 30 elected members out of whic
h 4 will be nominated by the Government to give representation to the people of
other community. Out of these 30 seats, 15 will be reserved for the Tiwa Communi
ty and 3 seats will b reserved for women.
Its headquarter is Tiwashong in Morigaon district.
In Manipur[edit]
Sadar Hills Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Sadar Hills Autonomous District Council
Sadar Hills Autonomous District Council (SHADC) covers Saikul Subdivision, Saitu
Subdivision and Sadar Hills West Subdivision in Senapati District of Manipur. I
t is one of the six autonomous district councils in Manipur state.[5]
In Jammu and Kashmir[edit]
Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil[edit]
Main article: Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil
Kargil is a district of Ladakh, Kashmir, India. Kargil lies near the Line of Con
trol facing Pakistan-administered Kashmir's Baltistan to the west, and Kashmir v
alley to the south. Following demands of Ladakhi people to make the district a n
ew Indian union territory because of its religious and cultural differences with
Kashmir. The government of India formed the Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development
Council (LAHDC), which governs the area with limited autonomy.
Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh[edit]
Main article: Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh
Leh is one of the two districts of Ladakh. Following widespread agitations to ma
ke it a Union Territory of India due to the cultural and linguistic differences
with Kashmir the government of India formed the Ladakh Autonomous Hill Developme
nt Council (LAHDC), which governs this area with limited political autonomy. The
first elections for the LAHDC were held in the year 1995.
In Meghalaya[edit]
Garo Hills Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Garo Hills Autonomous District Council
The Garo Hills Autonomous District Council (GHADC) is constitued for the develop
ment of Garo people and covers East Garo Hills district, West Garo Hills distric
t, South Garo Hills, North Garo Hills District and South West Garo Hills Distric
t. It has headquarter in Tura.
Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council
The Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council (JHADC) is constituted for the dev
elopment of Jaintia people. It has headquarter in Jowai and covers the Jaintia H
ills district.
Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council
The Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council (KHADC) is constituted for the devel
opment of Khasi people covers West Khasi Hills district, East Khasi Hills distri
ct and Ri Bhoi district, It has headquarter in Shillong.
In Mizoram[edit]
Chakma Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Chakma Autonomous District Council
Chakma Autonomous District Council (CADC) is an autonomous council for the Chakm
a people living in the south-western part of Mizoram.
Lai Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Lai Autonomous District Council
Lai Autonomous District Council (LADC) is an autonomous council for the Lai peop
le in the South-eastern part of Mizoram.
Mara Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Mara Autonomous District Council
Mara Autonomous District Council (MADC) is an autonomous council for the Mara pe
ople living in the Southern part of Mizoram.
In Tripura[edit]
Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council[edit]
Main article: Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council
The Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council (TTAADC) is an independent
council administering the tribal areas of the state of Tripura. Its council and
assembly are situated in Khumulwng, a town 20 km outside Agartala, the state cap
ital.
In West Bengal[edit]
Gorkhaland Territorial Administration[edit]
Main article: Gorkhaland Territorial Administration
Gorkhaland Territorial Administration (GTA) is a semi-autonomous administrative
body for the Darjeeling hills in West Bengal, India. The GTA replaced the Darjee
ling Gorkha Hill Council, which was formed in 1988 and administered the Darjeeli
ng hills for 23 years.[6] GTA presently has three hill subdivisions Darjeeling,
Kalimpong, and Kurseong and some areas of Siliguri subdivision under its authori
ty. It has headquarter in Darjeeling.[7]
De facto autonomous area[edit]
North Sentinel Island[edit]
North Sentinel Island is situated in the island chain of the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands which is a union territory of India. It is home to the Sentinelese, who
are some of the world's last uncontacted peoples. They reject any contact with
other people and are among the last people to remain virtually untouched by mode
rn civilization. There has never been any treaty with the people of the island n
or any record of a physical occupation.
The local government (Andaman and Nicobar Islands) has recently[8] stated that t
hey have no intention to interfere with the Sentinelese's lifestyle or habitat.
Although the island is likely to have suffered seriously from the effects of the
December 2004 tsunami, the survival of the Sentinelese was confirmed when, some
days after the event, an Indian government helicopter observed several of them,
 who shot arrows at the hovering aircraft to repel it.
Although this has not been done with any formal treaty, the official policy of m
inimal interference has ensured that they have de facto autonomy and sovereignty
over their island under the framework of the Indian and local governments.[9]
See also[edit]