Day 30

ADVANCED TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS METHOD

Time History Analysis

Time history analysis is an advanced method of dynamic analysis. It has an ability to

incorporate harmonic forcing functions that can be described by sinusoidal curves with
a specified arrival time, frequency, amplitude and duration.

Define Time History Dialog:

Used to define the Forcing Function of a time varying load.

Click Commands Loading Definitions Time History Forcing Functions is

selected or The Add button is clicked in the Load & Definition dialog found on the
General | Load & Definition page.
Integration Time Step:

Solution time step used in the step-by-step integration of the uncoupled equations.

Type:

This refers to the number of the type of functions.

Loading type:

Select the Acceleration, Force or Moment option to define the type of functions being
input.

Save:

Select this option to create an external file containing the history of displacements of
every node of the structure at every time step.

Function Options:

Define Time VS <loading type>

Used to specify a time history forcing function, where the loading type is that selected
above. Specify the values Time and corresponding Force or Acceleration. The time
history function is plotted on the bottom of the dialog as data pairs are entered.

Harmonic:
Curve Shape:

Specify if the harmonic function is a SINE or COSINE curve.

Frequency or RPM:

Choose Frequency and enter circular frequency in cycles per second or RPM and enter
revolutions per minute.

Amplitude:

Max. Amplitude forcing function in current units.

Phase:

Phase angle in degrees.

Cycles:

No.of cycles of loading.

Step of Sub Div:

Choose the step option to time step of loading SubDiv to sub divide a 1/4 cycle into this
many integer time steps.

Spectrum:

Select this Function Option to provide spectrum parameters for your time history
loading.

Time History Parameters Dialog:

Time Step:

Specify a solution time step to be used in the step-by-step integration of the uncoupled
equations.

Damping:

The following options are available for specifying damping:

Damping-this is to be used for specifying a single model damping ratio which will be
applied to all mode. The default value is 0.05.

CDAMP if a damping ratio has already been specified under CONSTANTS based on
the type of material in the structure, the value may be used directly in time history
analysis. Check this option for that purpose.

MDAMP we wish to utilise individual damping ratios for individual modes, that is
achieved through the means of the MDAMP option. The first step to doing this is the
specification of those individual damping ratios, as explained under section 5.26 .3 of
the STAAD technical reference manual and is done graphically from the command-
define damping menu. If this first step has been completed, the instruction to utilise
MDAMP done by selecting this option shown above.

Arrival time:

Specify values of possible arrival times of the various dynamic load types. The arrival
time is the time at which the load type begins to act at a joint or at the base of the
structure. The same load may have different arrival times for different joint and hence
all these values must be specified here. The arrival time and time force pairs for the load
types are used to create the load vector needed for each time step of the analysis.

TIME HISTORY METHOD

Data:
Size of Building : 12m x 12m (3 Bays each 4.0m)
Height of Building: 16m (4 Bays each 4.0 m)
Column & Beam size : 0.40m x 0.30m
Concrete M30
Steel Fe415
4.00
4.00
4.00

4.00 4.00 4.00

PLAN
4.00
4.00
16.00
4.00
4.00

0.40 X0.3 0.40 X0.3 0.40 X0.3 0.40 X0.3

ELEVATION
1.Creation of Geometry:
New Project Space File: Time history method Unit : Length=metre :
Force=KN Next Open structure wizard Finish.
Change to Frame Models from Truss models Select Bay Frame and double click on
it.
Length (Along X Direction)= 12m. No. of bays (Span) =3 Each bay=4.0m
Height (Along Y Direction) =16.0m. No. of bays (Span) =4 Each bay=4.0m
Width (Along Z Direction) = 12.0m. No. of bays (Span) =3 Each bay=4.0m Apply
Transfer model Click yes OK.

2. Property:
Click General Property Define Rectangular YD=0.40m ZD=0.30m Add

Close. Highlight 0.40 x0.30 and select entire structure Assign to selected

beam Assign Yes.

3. Supports :

Front view Click support Create Pinned Add. Highlight support 2 Select

node cursor and select bottom most nodes by windowing Assign to selected

nodes Assign Yes Close.

De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.

4.Loading :

Click Loads & Definitions Definitions Time History Definitions Add.

Time history definition screen will appear. Select Define Time History Integration

Time step=0.001388 sec. Type 1 Loading Type Acceleration

Function option From external file. File Name: EQ Data.txt Add.

Note: The EQ data.txt file should be in the Time History problem folder only. Otherwise

Staad pro will show error.

Click Define Parameter Time step : 0.02 Damping : 0.05

CDAMP MDAMP

Arrival time Time (sec)

1 0

2 1

3 2

4 3 Add.

Click Load case details Add.

Number 1 Loading Type: Dead

Title: DLSW Add.

Number 2 Loading Type: Dead

Title: DLFL Add.

Number 3 Loading Type: Seismic

Title: Dynamic Add Close.

Click Number1 DLSW Add.

Selfweight Y Factor =-1 Add.

High light selfweight Assign to view Assign.

Click No.2 DLFL Add.

Floor load p=-12 KN/m2 Y range : Mini.=4.0m Max=16.0m Add.

Click Dynamic Add. Selfweight X Factor: 1 Add.

Y Factor: 1 Add.

Z Factor: 1 Add.
Floor load p=12KN/m2 Y range : Mini.=4.0m Max=16.0m

X range : Mini.=0.0m Max=12.0m Z range : Mini.=0.0m Max=12.0m

Global X Add.

Global Y Add.

Global Z Add.

Highlight Selfweight X Assign to view Assign Yes.

Highlight Selfweight Y Assign to view Assign Yes.

Highlight Selfweight Z Assign to view Assign Yes.

Highlight Dynamic Add. Time History - time history

Ground motion Arrival Time :2 sec Defined Types : 1.Acceleration

Select direction X Force Amplitude Factor : 1.2 Add Close.

Click Load case details Add Auto Load Comb Select Load comb code: Indian

code. Select Load comb category: General structure Generate loads Add.

Select Load comb : 4,5,6

Load comb 4 1 1.2 2 1.20

Load comb 5 1 1.2 2 1.2 3 1.2

Load comb 6 1 1.5 2 1.5 3 1.5 Add.

Commands Miscellaneous Cut off Mode shape .

Max. No. of Mode shapes: 30 ( vary from 25 to 30) Ok.

5. Analysis Type:

Page control Analysis/Print Mode shape Add.

Click post printDefine Commands Analysis ResultsAddClose.

6.Perform Analysis:

Analysis Run Analysis view output file Done.

7. Result :

Click output icon. Click result.

Eigen solution

Participation Factors.

Analysis Results

Mode shapes

Calculated Frequencies for Load cases=3

Participating factors Result more than 90% Ok.

Time step =0.02 sec

No. of Mode shapes contribution is considered=30
Time Duration of Time history analysis =34.160 sec.
Number of Time steps in the solution process=1708
Max. base shear X =-1.421485E+0.02 Y=-7.629395E-06
Z=-2.364686E-10
Click post processing.
Select Comb 4,5,6
Mode shapes Modes 1,2,3
Select Define Group name: Roof
Select Type: Mode Ok.
Now select the roof nodes. You can see the Time- Acceleration for various nodes on
data area.
Go to Front view and select roof nodes. Go to side view & see . Go to isometric view
select roof nodes & see Time-Acceleration. Then select Associate Ok.
Select Groups G1_Roof G1 Open. Select the particular node. You can see the
Time- Acceleration . then click time- Displacement. Select group G1_Roof Open.
Select the node & see the Time- Displacement on data area .Select deflection node &
small scale & view.
Results Displacement Select scale select Acceleration Section displacement
Apply.
Go to results scale Diagrams select small scale Apply Ok.
For different Mode shapes select load comb See the Time-displacement.