Unit 2 Ecology 13. What are the layers of the Earth? Crust, Mantle (litho, astheno, meso), Core (outer, inner) 1. What are producers, consumers and decomposers? Make own food, eat producers or 14. Describe the three main rocks from the rock other consumers, break down dead pro and con cycle. Igneous from cooled lava, Sedimentary from broken down rocks or even organisms, 2. What is the difference between mutualism, Metamorphic changed by heat and pressure. predation, parasitism, competition, and commensalism? Both benefit, one eats another, 15. What is the Law of Superposition? Farther one benefit other harmed, competing for same down you dig, older the rock gets. resources, one benefited and other unaffected. 16. What are some ways scientists can determine 3. How can limiting factors affect a population? how old the Earth is? Relative dating, law of Can cause some organisms to thrive while others superposition, fossils, geologic columns, absolute become extinct dating, radioactive decay, radiometric dating Unit 3 Genetics 4. What is DNA? Information for your inherited 17. What is plate tectonics? Lithosphere broken traits. into large pieces that are floating on top of the asthenosphere and causing changes to the 5. What are chromosomes? Bundles of DNA Earths surface. 6. What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype? Genes (letters), Physical apperiance. 18. Describe the three types of plate boundaries. 7. Create a Punnett Square for the following Divergent moves away, Convergent comes genotyped: BB, gg together, transform slides past each other. 19. What boundary would create mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes? Convergent 8. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? How all cells divide and reproduce. How sex cells divide 20. What boundary would create volcanoes and Unit 4 Evolution earthquakes? Divergent 9. How are fossils used to explain evolution? Shows proof of common ancestors 21. What boundary would only create earthquakes? 10. What is the Theory of Evolution? Over time a Transform species will change and develop based on needs for survival. 11. What would happen if a species could not adapt 22. What do convection currents inside the mantle to its environment? It will become extinct. cause? Plate tectonics 12. What is the difference between natural selection, artificial selection, and sexual selection? Environment affects who passes on genes, humans affect who passes on genes, mate affects who passes on genes. Unit 6 Energy, Waves and Light 33. What is the difference between amplitude and frequency? Amplitude is how high up the wave 23. What would happen if heat is added to an travels from the resting point and frequency is object? Have more energy, change temperature, how fast it is moving. can eventually change state 24. If you put ice on a swollen ankle, would the ice be cooling down the ankle or would the ankle be Unit 1 Nature of Science warming up the ice? Ankle warming up the ice 34. What is the difference between replication and repetition? Repetition is repeating yours over 25. What energy transfer are occurring when you and over, replication is repeating anothers over turn on a flashlight? Chemical, electrical, light, and over. heat 35. What is the difference between experiments, 26. What does the Law of Conservation of Energy observation and research? Conducting an actual state? Energy is neither created nor destroyed, experiment usually in a lab, using senses to only transformed from one form to another. collect data, research work from other scientists work. 36. What is the difference between test variable and 27. If two hot objects are placed inside cold water, outcome variable? Test (independent) is what you what would eventually happen to the temperature of are changing and controlling, outcome the water and the objects? They would become the (dependent) is the end result. same temperature 37. How would a life scientist (like an ecologist) conduct scientific research differently from a physical scientist (like a chemist)? Eco would 28. What are the parts of the electromagnetic probably do field work to study chemist would spectrum? (think of the song) radio waves, work in the lab. microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays. 38. Why is it important for scientists to keep data? To prove their findings 39. Is developing scientific knowledge a quick or 29. What causes differences in colors? Different slow process? Slow because have to check and wavelengths recheck data. 40. How can scientific knowledge be changed? When new discoveries are made 30. What is white light? All spectrums of light equally 41. What is the difference between a theory and a law? Law is universally true, theory is an 31. What is the difference between reflection, explanation of nature refraction, and absorption? Reflection bounces off, refraction bends light, absorption absorbs the 42. What are some of the good and bad things light waves about using models? Gives representation so helps us to study. Not to scale 43. What is the difference between quantitative and 32. Do waves move at different speeds through qualitative? Quant is number data, Qual is different materials? Yes, solids fastest, then written information data liquids, then gases