HIV/AIDS 101 before enough damage is done to the immune

system for AIDS to develop. Reducing the

Jimmy Jay Bullo, MD amount of virus in the body with anti-retroviral
PCFM 3- MD 2k17
therapies can dramatically slow the destruction of
February 29, 2016
a persons immune system.

What is CDC Definition of AIDS?

HIVAIDS
-all HIV-infected people who have fewer than
200 CD4+ T cells per cubic millimeter of blood.
What is Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)?
[Global, National, Regional Data, see
Human Only passed fro human to
attachments/documents]
human
ImmunodeficiencyAttacks the
Immune system and weakens the bodys
defenses against
disease or infection
Virus an organism which reproduces
itself by taking over the machinery of the
human cell.
Some of these people will develop AIDS as
a result of thei HIV infection
The VIRUS
Family: Human Retrovirus (retroviridae)
Subfamily:Lentiviruses
4 retroviruses cause human disease
2 groups
1. Human T Lymphotrophic
Viruses (HTLV-1 and HTLV-
II), which are transforming
retroviruses;
2. Human Immunodeficiency
viruses:HIV 1 and HIV 2
cause cytopathic effects

Acquired- transmitted from person to person

(opportunistic infection)
Immune-affects the bodys Immune System, part
of the body which usually works to fight off
bacteria and viruses
Deficiency- makes the Immune System not work
properly and is low
Syndrome- experiences a wide range of different
diseases and oportunistic infections (collection of
signs and symptoms)

How does HIV cause AIDS?

HIV destroys a certain kind of blood cells
(CD4+ T cells), which is crucial to the normal
function of the human immune system. Most
people infected with HIV carry the virus for years
Behaviors that put Filipinos at risk for HIV
Younger age of first sex FOUR BODY FLUIDS CAPABLE OF
Younger Filipinos try injecting drugs TRANSMITTING THE HIV VIRUS:
More males engage in anal sex
Unprotected sex with >1 sexual partner 1. BLOOD
Most injecting drug users share needles 2. BREAST MILK
Few voluntarily get tested for HIV and know 3. VAGINAL FLUID
their HIV status so many may be spreading HIV 4. SEMINAL FLUID
and not know it
Do not transmit HIV
x Kissing
x Hugging
x Shaking hands
x Sharing eating utensils
x Using common restroom
x Swimming in a pool with a PLHIV
x Mosquito bites
x Saliva
x Tears
x Sweat
x Other body secretions
A.S.A.P. Strategy
Four (4) Principles of Transmission
A-wareness and advocacy
S-urveillance and strategic information
A-ccess to basic and comprehensive prevention
services, testing and treatment
P-artnership in policies, programs and projects

THREE MODES OF TRANSMISSION:

1. BLOOD TRANSMISSION - 90-98 % HIV Infection

a. Blood Transfusion
b. Organ Transplant
c. Sharing Used Needles
d. Needle Pricks (injecting needles)
2. SEXUAL TRANSMISSION - Unprotected
Penetrative Sexual Intercourse - 1-98%
depending on:
a. Frequency (sometimes, often, always)
b. Manner (Anal, Vaginal, Oral)
3. MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION 15-30
% intervention
a. During Pregnancy - 15%
b. Process of Delivery - 20%
c. Through Breastfeeding - 30%
-is the successful entry of HIV into the persons
body
Stages of HIV infection
1. Primary Infection (window Period)- 1 st 3
months, flu-like symptoms
2. Asymptomatic Stage- no signs amd
symptoms
3. Symptomatic stage- with signs and
symptoms
4. AIDS- final stage, End stage, may lead to
death if not given proper medical
 person.

WAYS TO PREVENT AND CONTROL HIV

INFECTION

Abstinence
Be mutually faithful to uninfected partner
Correct, Consistent Condom Use)
Don't share used needles/syringes. Don't use
drugs, or drink too much alcohol (it can impair
your judgment and lower inhibitions)
Education , Early detection and Treatment of
STIs

How will you know if you have HIV?

Treatment care and support
HIV Antibody Test Enrollment to the nearest
Confidential treatment hub
Accompanied by pre- and post- test Regular blood test to determine CD4 Count
counseling and Viral Load
Voluntary Taking Anti-Retroviral Drugs to slow down
With consent the progression of nfection and may prolong
Minors 15 yo and below should be life
accompanied by parent/guardian/social Treatment of opportunistic infections
worker Advice on adopting a positive attitude and a
healthy lifestyle
Window Period Seek out a HIV support group
From the last risky behavior up to 3 months
If a person is tested within this period. The
result could reveal a FALSE NEGATIVE "Classmates, mahatag man daw si doc sang handouts. Gin-type ko
lang just in case. Plus do download the attachments pgd for the
RESULT. global, national kg regional data and stat. God bless!
The person can already pass it to another