Cu trc ng php ting Trung c bn

1.Cu trc 1: Cu c v ng l danh t

Cu n gm 1 cm Ch V /T dud? T sn su./

V ng y c th l danh t, N bao tui? N ba tui.

cm danh t, s lng t.
M rng:
V ng ny miu t c im, tnh
cht, s lng, mu sc,. ca ch C th thm vo gia cm Ch
ng V.
to dng ph nh, ta thm
VD: vo gia cm Ch V.

Ta c th thm trng ng vo lm
/T sh Hni rn/ r ca cu.
VD:
C y l ngi H Ni.
/T jnnin rsh sule/

Anh ta nm nay hai mi tui ri.

/Jntin sh jiosh ji/

Hm nay l ngy Nh Gio

/Jntin yjng sh shy yu rsh rle/

Hm nay l 20/11 ri.

2.Cu trc 2: Cu c v ng l hnh dung t

Cu n gm 1 cm Ch V
V ng thng l hnh dung t nhm
miu t c tnh, tnh cht, trng thi ca / N de sh du/
ch ng. Sch ca bn c nhiu.
VD: M rng:

C th thm nhn mnh, thm
/ W gg go/ cho ph nh.
Anh trai ti cao. VD:

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/W gg hn go/ /Mimei ch/

Anh trai ti rt cao. Em gi n.

M rng:

/W gg b go/ a/. [V ng] = [ng t] + [Tn ng

trc tip]
Anh trai ti khng cao. VD:

to cu hi, ta thm vo pha
cui cu. /W knsh/
VD Ti c sch.


/N de xuxio dm/
/T dunlin shnt/
Trng bn c ln khng?
Anh y rn luyn thn th.
3.Cu trc c v ng l ng t

Cu n gm 1 cm Ch V /Dd xu hny/

V ng ch yu l ng t, cm ng Em trai hc ting Trung

t nhm tng thut ng tc, hnh vi,
hot ng tm l, s pht trin bin b/. [V ng] = [ng t] + [Tn ng
ha. ca ch ng. gin tip] + [Tn ng trc tip]
Tn ng gin tip l t ch ngi, tn
VD: ng trc tip l t ch s vt.

Cc ng t thng mang hai tn ng
/T shu/ l:

Anh ta ni.
VD

/Wmen tng/ /T gi w lw/
Chng ti nghe. Cu y tng ti qu.

2
/Losh jio w hny/

Thy gio dy ti ting Trung
VD:
c/. [V ng] = [ng t] + [Cm ch
v]
/W xwng n li/
Cm ch v thng l mt cu n
gin, lm tn ng cho ng t trc Ti mong bn n.
n.

ng t thng mang tn ng l cm
ch v: /T fndu w nyng zu/

Anh y phn i ti lm nh th.

MT VI DNG C BIT CA CU TRC CU

C V NG CU L NG T

1.Cu trc 4: Cu ch
Mu cu: Cu y l bn chng ti.
[Ch ng] + + [Tn ng]
Ch c tc dng phn on mi *M rng
quan h gia ch ng v tn ng. Cu trc: [Ch ng] + + (danh
t/i t nhn xng/ hnh dung t) +
Trong cu ch , ch ng v tn nhn mnh s hu.
ng thng c quan h tng ng hoc VD:
quan h s thuc.

VD: /Zh bn sh sh l losh de/

Cun sch ny l ca thy L.
/Zh sh sh/

y l sch.
/N gn b sh w de/

Ci bt l ca ti.
/T sh wmen de pngyu/

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 Dng ph nh: thm vo trc .

to cu hi, thm vo cui cu hoc thay bng .

2.Cu trc 5: Cu ch
Mu cu:
[Ch ng] + + [Tn ng] /Rn rn du yu ling zh shu/
Cu ch thng mang mt trong
hai ngha sau: Ai cng c hai tay.

a/. mang ngha tn ti, hin c.

Biu th ti mt a im hoc mt /W yu hndu pngyu/

thi gian xc nh c s tn ti ca
Ti c rt nhiu bn.
ngi hoc s vt.
c/. biu th c mt tnh hung mi
Cu trc c bn l:
c th no xy ra hoc xut hin.
[Thi gian, a im] + + [Cm
Trong dng cu ny, pha sau
danh t]
thng c thm biu th ngha thay
VD:
i.

Mu cu c bn:
/Jiosh li yu hndu xushng/
[Cm danh t] + + ( ) + [ng
Trong phng hc c rt nhiu hc sinh.
t/Danh t]
VD:

/Tng di yu wi zhmng shrn, jio
/Zujn, t de hny yule mngxin de
LBi/
jnb/
Gn y, ting Trung ca cu y c
i ng c mt v thi nhn ni ting,
nhng tin b r rt.
tn l L Bch

b/. mang ngha s hu, c
/Jn j nin, jioy yu yule hn d de
Cu trc c bn: f zhn/

[Cm danh t] + + [Cm danh t] Nhng nm gn y, nn gio dc c

VD: nhng bc pht trin ln.

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*M rng:
Dng ph nh: thm vo trc . Sau khi ph nh, nu khng phi trong cc
cu c bit, trc tn ng khng th mang s lng.

VD:

/W miyu shjin, bnng pi n shng jile/

Ti khng c thi gian, khng th cng cu i do ph c.
(v)(x)

/W miyu zxngch/

Ti khng c xe p.

to cu hi, thm vo cui cu hoc thay bng .

Cu lin ng v Cu kim ng
Cu trc 6: Cu lin ng

Cu lin ng l cu m v ng ca n th nht thng c b ng kt qu i

do hai ng t cu thnh. Hai ng t km.
trong cu lin ng cng c chung mt
ch ng, th t ca hai ng t ny l c b/. ng t pha trc biu th hnh
nh khng th thay i. ng, ng t pha sau biu th mc ch
ca hnh ng .
Mu cu:
VD:
[Ch ng] + [ng t 1] + [Tn ng]
+ [ng t 2] /W li jio dinfi h fngz/

Cu lin ng c chia thnh cc Ti n tr tin in v tin phng.

dng da vo quan h ngha gia hai
ng t:
/Mngtin t q nnjng lyu/
a/. Biu th 2 hnh ng, tnh hung xy
ra lin tc hoc trc sau nhau. Khi hnh Ngy mai anh ta i Nam Kinh du lch
ng sau din ra, hnh ng trc kt
thc. Trong dng ny, pha sau ng t

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c/. ng t pha trc biu th phng
thc thc hin hnh ng ng t sau
cp.
VD:
/nn yng zushu xiz/
A Nam dng tay phi vit ch.
d/. ng t pha trc th hin khng
nh, ng t pha sau th hin ph
nh. Nhng ngha ca 2 ng t l
Cu trc 7: Cu kim ng
Cu kim ng l cu c v ng do hai
ng t to thnh, tn ng ca ng t
ng trc ng thi cng l ch ng
ca ng t ng sau.
Mu cu:
[Ch ng] + [ng t 1] + [Tn ng 1]
+ [ng t 2] + [Tn ng 2]
Trong : Tn ng 1 l tn ng ca
ng t 1 v ch ng ca ng t 2.
Tn ng 2 l tn ng ca ng t 2.
VD:
/Qng xi xi er n de mngz/
Hy vit tn cu bn ra.
/T jio w jntin xiw q kihu/
Cu y bo ti chiu nay i hp.
ging nhau, t hai mt i lp lm r
vn .
VD:
/B zu b shuhu, zhuzhe mnbn b
fng, bn q lin b xio/
Ngm ming khng ni chuyn, nm tay
nm ca khng bung, nghim mt
khng ci.
/Mm jio dd q mi dngx/
M ku em trai i mua .
/T zutin qng w chfn/
Ti hm qua anh ta mi ti n cm.
c im ng php Ting Trung c
bit:
Cc ng t u trong cu
kim ng thng mang
ngha cu khin: VD:
Ph t ph nh ni chung
t trc ng t th nht.
VD:
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/T b rng wmen cnji jntin de By gi vo gi hc, mong mi ngi
wnhu/ khng nn ni chuyn.

ng ta khng cho chng ti tham gia ng t nng nguyn ni

bui tic ti ngy hm nay. chung cng t trc ng
t th nht.
Ch c , biu VD:
th ngha ngn cn c th
t trc ng t th hai. /W xing qng t li zu yg bogo/
VD:
Ti nh mi anh ta n lm mt bi bo
co.
/Xinzi shngk, qng dji byo
shuhu/

Cu trc 8: Cu tn hin

Cu tn hin l cu th hin s tn ti,

xut hin hoc bin mt ca ngi hay
s vt ti mt a im hoc thi im /Qinmin lile ling g krn/
no . Pha trc i n hai ngi khch.
VD:

/Zutin zulio ling g mshng rn/
/H l pio zho ling zh chun/
Hm qua ri i hai ngi l mt.
Trn h tri hai chic thuyn.

Cu tn hin c chia ra lm 2 dng:

1.Cu tn ti
Cu tn ti l cu biu th s tn ti
ca ngi hoc s vt ti mt a im
no . /Zhuzi shng yu j bn sh/

* Mu cu c bn Trn bn c my cun sch

[Thi im/a im] + [ng t tn
ti] + [Ngi/s vt]
VD: /L x bin yu ypin cod/

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Pha Ty ng l c mt thm c.
* c im
ng t trong cu tn ti thng l
nhng ng t th hin t, sp xp
nh:
Sau ng t trong cu tn ti c th
thm , biu th s tn ti.
VD:
/Qing shng guzhe j f hu/
Trn tng treo my bc tranh.
Ngoi ra, sau ng t trong cu tn ti
cn c th thm , biu th ton l,
u l
2.Cu n hin
Cu n hin l cu th hin s xut
hin hoc mt i ca ngi, s vt ti
mt thi im hay mt a im no .
VD:
/Din l zulio y hu grn/
Trong ca tim i mt m ngi.
Cu trc 9: Cu ch
*nh ngha
Cu ch l loi cu v ng ng t, thng c dng nhn mnh nh hng
hay s x tr ca ch ng i vi tn ng. ng t c dng y hm : khin s vt
VD:
/Tinkng shng zhu mnle xio
xngxng/
Trn nn tri im y nhng ngi sao.
C lc, sau ng t trong cu tn ti
c th mang thm , cch dng ging
, v c th thay i cho
nhau.
Tn ng trong cu thng l t ch v
nh (t ch ngi hoc vt chung chung,
khng dng tn ring). Tn ng lun i
km s t hoc lng t.
/Zutin fshngle y jin shqng/
Hm qua xy ra mt vic.
*c im
ng t trong cu tn ti thng l
nhng ng t th hin s di chuyn ca
ngi, s vt nh: , , , , ,
hoc th hin s xut hin, bin mt
ca ngi, s vt nh: , , , ,
,
Sau ng t thng c b ng xu
hng, b ng kt qu cng tr t .
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thay i trng thi, khin s vt di chuyn v tr, hoc khin s vt chu s tc ng no
.

VD:

/W b qin hi gi tle/

Ti tr tin cho anh y ri

/W zutin ji b zuy zu wn le/

Ti lm bi tp xong t ti ri.

*Mu cu c bn:

[Ch ng] + + [Tn ng ca ] + ng t

*c im ng php cn bit

1.Tn ng ca phi l i tng r rng, c xc nh ch khng th l i

tng chung chung bt k.

2.V cu ch biu th s vt thay i thng qua hnh ng, v th v ng ca

cu ch thng khng phi l nhng ng t n gin, trc sau phi c i
km cc yu t khc. Cc thnh phn thng i km ng t trong cu ch l:
a/. ng t trong cu ch thng i km nht vi l b ng.
VD:
B ng s dng trong cu ch l:

B ng xu hng:

VD:
/W b fngjin shush qlile/

Ti thu dn phng ri

B ng s lng: Cu ch c th mang b ng ng lng hoc b ng thi

lng tuy nhin c hn ch. Ch nhng ng t ch mt trng thi lin tc nh:
mi c th i km b ng s lng.

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 B ng kt qu:

VD:
/T b mtu ch xihole/

Anh y sa xong xe p ri

b/. Tr t ng thi

Khng phi tt c cc ng t ch cn thm l c th thnh cu ch . Ch

nhng ng t th hin hnh ng mt khi xy ra s c kt qu ngay mi c th dng nh
vy nh:

Ngoi ra, nu l mt vic m c 2 bn u bit, u mun lm hoc s lm, c th ch

dng sau ng t. Loi cu ny c th thm 1 b ng.

ng t cu ch c th ch mang , thng l trong cc cu cu khin. Tuy

nhin ng t c th ch mang m to thnh cu ch th c khng nhiu, v d
nh:
c/. ng t dng lp li

VD:

/Xin b shngku zh y zh zisng t do yyun q ba./

em vt thng bng b li ri hy a anh y n bnh vin

d/. Sau ng t mang tn ng gin tip

Cc ng t c th dng trong trng hp ny rt t, ch nhng ng t c th mang hai

tn ng th hin cho, a cho v d nh:
VD:

/N mshng b sh hi gi w ba./

Cu mau tr li quyn sch cho mnh i

3.Cc ng t khng th lm ng t chnh trong cu ch

ng t ch cm xc:

Nng nguyn ng t:

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 ng t th hin s phn on, tn ti, s hu nh:

Cu ch thng c s dng khi ng t c cc t km theo l:

VD:

/N b zh f hu gu zi qing shng ba/
Cu treo bc tranh ny ln tng i

.
/Zhxi rn b hu b lxn dngchng dng l de shtou/
Nhng ngi ny khng bao gi coi L Tn l hn chn ng

Cu trc 10: Cu ch
* nh ngha
Cu ch thng c gi tn khc l cu b ng. Ch ng trong cu ch
thng l nhn t chu tc ng ca ng t, cn tn ng l ngi lm ra hnh ng.

Cu ch bao gm c nhng cu mang gii t .

*Mu cu:

[Ch ng] + + [Tn ng] + [ng t]

VD:

*c im ng php c bit

1.V ng cu ch
Do cu ch biu th ch ng chu s tc ng, nh hng ca mt hnh ng no
, th nn ging nh cu ch , v ng khng th l mt ng t n gin, sau ng
t thng c phn biu th s hon thnh hoc kt qu.

Sau ng t c tr t

VD:

Sau ng t c th km thm b ng kt qu, b ng xu hng, b ng trnh , b

ng ng lng, b ng thi gian

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 Sau ng t c th mang theo tn ng, cc tn ng thng thy l:
Biu th s bin i, kt qu m ng t gy cho ch ng:
VD:
Tn ng l mt b phn ca ch ng hoc thuc v ch ng
ng t v tn ng l mt cm c nh
VD:
2.Cc ng t khng th s dng trong cu ch

Thng nhng ng t c th s dng trong cu ch c th s trong cu ch .

Nhng ng t khng th s dng trong cu ch cng khng th s dng trong cu
ch .

3.Cu s dng gii t

Thng c s dng trong khu ng

C cch dng ging cu ch , ch khc ch trong cu s dng gii t

bt buc phi c tn ng sau gii t.

Cu trc 11: Cu hi c/khng

1.Cu hi dng tr t nghi vn

t pha ca mt cu trn thut l bn c th to thnh mt cu hi.

VD:
->
/N chfn./ -> /N chfn ma?/

Bn n cm. -> Bn n cm khng?

Loi cu ny v ng c th dng khng nh hoc dng ph nh. Tuy nhin dng

khng nh thng nhiu hn.

Lc dng loi cu hi ny, ngi hi thng cho rng vic c hi n c th ng

hoc c kh nng thnh s thc. Tuy nhin c lc cng biu th cha nm chc v mt
vic no .

tr li cho cu hi c/ khng s dng tr t nghi vn :

Khng nh:
Ph nh:

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2.Cu hi dng

C lc ngi ni a ra kin, yu cu hoc phng on ca mnh, sau mun hi

thm kin ca i phng, lc ny ta s dng loi cu hi c/khng ny.

VD:

/N xhun hngs, du ma?/

Bn thch mu , ng khng?

/Du/
ng ri.

tr li cho cu hi c/ khng s dng tr t nghi vn

:
Khng nh: //
Ph nh:
Cu s dng khi tr li ph nh cng dng /, t dng .
3.Cu hi dng tr t ng kh
Khi ngi ni a ra mt phng on v mt s vic hay tnh hung no nhng
khng hon ton nm chc, c th thm tr t ng kh cui cu to cu hi
dng c/khng. Loi cu ny thng c thm d, d hi.

VD:

4.Cu hi s dng ng iu biu th s nghi vn

Mt cu trn thut ch cn mang ng iu nghi vn, cng vi ko cao m iu cui l
c th tr thnh cu hi.

Thng dng trong khu ng.

So snh trong ting Trung

SO SNH HN
Ta chia lm 3 cu trc nh sau:

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 1A B + ( )TNH T

/ T b w go/

Anh y cao hn ti

2A B + NG T+TN NG

/ W b t xhun t zqi /

Ti thch bng hn anh y

3A B+ ng t + tn ng + ng t + + tnh t

/ W b t shu hny shu d lil/

Ti ni ting trung lu lot hn anh y.

HOC: A + ng t + tn ng + ng t ++ B +
tnh t

/ W shu hny shu d b t lil /

HOC: A B + ng t+ + tnh t

/ W b t shu d lil/Ti ni lu lot hn anh y.

CH : -Trong mu cu th nht A B + TNH T, ta tuyt i khng c a

cc ph t ch mc nh vo trc tnh t, nu mun s dng cc tnh
t ch mc ta phi s dng mu sau:

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 A B + TNH T ++(ph t)+

()

/ T b w go d (hn) du/

Anh y cao hn ti nhiu

CH : i vi t biu th xp x, ta dng cng thc:

A B + TNH T+/

/ T b w go ydinr /

Anh cao hn ti 1 cht

Ngoi s dng cu trc A B + TNH T ta cn c th s dng cu trc A B + TNH T.

Nhng cu trc A B + TNH T ch s dng khi so snh v mc m ta t c, v
thng c ng trc tnh t.

/ Zh c kosh, t de chngj yu n nme go/

K thi ln ny, thnh tch ca anh y cao hn cu.

SO SNH KM

Cu trc: A B + tnh t

/ Pnggu miyu xgu d/Qu to khng to bng qu da hu/

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 Ta cng c th dng cho so snh km nhng
ch dng ph nh hoc phn bc li ni ca
i phng

A:

/ W kn n b n de nyu i /

Mnh thy cu thp hn bn gi cu y

B:

/ W bb t i. Wmen li chbdu go./

Mnh u c thp hn c ta, bn mnh cao nh nhau thi.

SO SNH BNG

A / B +adj
/A gn/xing B yyng/

W gn t yyng go/

Ti cao bng c y

/ T xux de chngj xing w yyng go/

Kt qu hc tp ca anh y cng cao nh kt qu hc tp ca ti.

Nhng cu ting Trung ngn

1.Ill keep my eyes open. w hu j zh de
Ti s ghi nh.
w hu li y de 3.Ill pick up the tab.
Ti s lu n iu .
2. Ill keep that in mind.

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w li f zhng
ti tnh tin.
4.Ill play it by ear.
w jing su xng r dng
Ti s lm ty theo hng.
5.Ill see what I can do.
w kn y kn nng zn yo bn
ti xem li u ti c th lm c 17.Im glad you enjoyed it.
g.
6.Ill show you.
w zh gi n kn
Ti s ch cho c u thy.
7.Ill take care of it.
w li bn zh jin sh
ti lm vi c .
8.Ill take it.
w yo le
Ti ly ri.
9.Ill take your advice.
w ji shu n de zhng go
Ti ghi nh n li khuyn ca anh.
10.Ill think it over.
w z x ko l y xi
Ti s suy ngh k m t cht.
11.Ill treat you to diner.
w xing qng n ch wn fn
Ti mun mi anh i n ti.
12.Ill walk you to the door.
w sng n do mn ku
ti tin anh ra ca.
13.Im broke.
w shn w fn wn
Ti cn ti ri./ Vim mng ti ri./ Ht
nhn tin ri.
14.Im crazy about English.
w fi chng x hun yng y
Ti rt thch ting Anh.
15.Im easy to please.
w hn su h
Ti rt d chu.
16.Im glad to hear that.
tngdo zh xiox w hn goxng
Nghe c tin ny ti rt vui.
n xhun w ji goxng
Em thch l ti vui ri.
18.Im good at it.
w zu zh g hn zihng
Ti lm ci ny rt rnh.
19.Im in a good mood.
w xin zi xnqng hn ho
Tm trng ti lc ny rt tt.
20.Im in good shape.
w de shn t zhung kung hn ho
Tnh trng sc khe ca ti rt tt.
21.Im just having a look.
w zh sh subin knkn
Ti chng qua nhn ti n xem qua thi.
22.Im looking for a part-time job.
w zhng zi zho jinzh gngzu
Ti ang kim vi c lm bn thi gian.
23.Im looking forward to it.
w pnwng zhe zh jin sh
Ti ang mong ngng v iu .
24.I mean what I say.
w shu hu sun sh
Ti bit nhng g mnh ni.
25.I owe you one.
w qin n y g rn qng
Ti n anh.
26.I really regret it.
17

w zhnde fi chng huhu
Qu th t ti rt ly lm tic.
27.I suppose so.
w xing sh zhyng
Ti ngh l nh v y.
28.I thought so, too.
w y zhyng ywi
Ti cng cho l nh v y
29.I understand completely.
w wn qun mngbi
Ti hon ton hiu c.
30.I want to report a theft.
w yo bo y zng doqi n
Ti mun bo cng an v v n n tr m.
31.I want to reserve a room.
w xing ydng y g fngjin
Ti mun t m t phng.
32.I was just about to call you.
w zhng zhn bi d din hu gi n
Ti ang chun b gi cho anh.
33.I was moved.= I was touched.
w hn shu gndng
Ti rt cm ng.
34.I wasnt aware of that.
w mi yu ysh do
Ti khng thc c iu .
35.I wasnt born yesterday.
w yu b sh sn su xiohi
Ti khng phi l a tre ln ba.
36.I wish I could.
dn yun w nng
c g ti c th.
37.I wouldnt worry about it, if I were
you.
48.I bet you can.
r gu w sh nw ji b hu dn
xn
Nu ti l anh, ti s chng c g phi lo
lng v n c.
38.Id like a refund.
w xing yo tukun
Ti mun c tr li tin.
39.Id like to deposit some money.
w xing cn dinr qin
Ti mun gi t tin.
40.Id like to make a reservation.
w xing dngpio
Ti mun t v.
41.Ill be right with you.
w mshng ji li
Ti ti ngay y.
42.Ill check it.
w q ch y xi
ti i kim tra li.
43.Ill do my best.
w jing hu jn w zu d nl
Ti s c gng ht sc.
44.Ill get it.
w q ji din hu
ti i nghe i n thoi.
45.Ill give you a hand.
w li bng zh n
Ti s gip c u m t tay.
46.Ill have to see about that.
zh shr w di xing y xing zi dng
V vi c ny ti phi ngh m t cht ri
mi quyt nh.
47.I assure you.
w xing n bo zhng
Ti m bo vi anh y!
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 w b nng kn dng
w qu xn n nng zuo do Ti khng dm khng nh.
Ti tin chc rng anh c th lm c. 59.I enjoy your company.
49.I can manage.
w x hun yu n zuo bn
w zj ky yngf Ti thch lm vi c vi anh.
Ti c th t mnh ng ph c. 60.I enjoyed it very much.
50.I cant afford it.
w fichng xhun
w mi b q Ti rt thch.
Ti mua khng ni. 61.I envy you.
51.I cant believe it.
w xin m n
w jinzh b gn Ti rt ngng m anh.
xingxn 62.I feel like having some dumplings.
Qu th t ti khng dm tin.
52.I cant resist the temptation. w hn xing ch jiozi
Ti rt mun n xi co.
w b nng ddng yuhuo 63.I feel terrible about it.
Ti khng ti no cng li c s cm
d. ti dubq le
53.I cant stand it. Ti rt ly lm tic. Ti xin li.
64.I feel the same way.
w shu b le
Ti khng th chu ng ni na. w y yu tnggn
54.I cant tell. Ti cng c cng cm gic nh v y.
65.I have a complaint.
w shu b zhn
Ti cng khng dm chc. w yo tus
54.I couldnt agree more. Ti cn phi ki n.
66.I have nothing to do with it.
w wnqun tngy
Ti hon ton ng . n y w w gun
55.I couldnt get through. iu chng c lin quan g n ti c.
67.I havent the slightest idea.
w d b tng dinhu
Ti khng gi c. w y dinr du b zhdo
56.I couldnt help N chng bit ci qui g c.
68.I hope youll forgive me.
w mi yu bn f
Ti cng ht cch. w xwng n nng yunling w
57.I didnt mean to. Ti hi vng c u s tha th cho ti.
69.I know the feeling.
w b sh g y de
Ti khng c w zh do n zhng gnju
58.I dont know for sure. Ti rt hiu cm gic .

19
70.Have you got anything larger?
yu d y din r de ma
C ci no ln hn cht na khng?
71.Have you got that?
n mng bi w de y s ma
C u hiu ti ch?
72.Have you heard from Mary?
83.How often do you eat out?
n shu do m l de li xn ma
C u c tin tc g v Mary khng?
73.He is in conference.
t zhng zi ki hu
Anh y ang hp.
74.Help yourself,please.
qng z j yng
T phc v nh!
75.Hold your horses.
ni xn din r
Kin nhn m t cht nghe!
76.How can I get in touch with you?
87.Dont get me wrong.
w znyng nng gn n linluo shng
Ti lin lc vi c u bng cch no
c?
77.How do I look?
w kn shng q znme yng
Nhn ti th no?
78.How is it going?
qngkung znmeyng
Tnh hnh th no?
79.How late are you open?
nmen yngy do jdin
Cc anh m ca n my gi?
80.How long did it last?
chx le du ji
ko di bao lu ri?
81.How long will it take me to get
there?
do nr yo duchng shjin
Ti mt bao lu?
82.How much is it?
du sho qin
Bao nhiu tin?
n gdu ji zi wimin ch y c fn
Anh c thng ra ngoi n khng?
84.I apologize.
w hn boqin
Ti xin li
85.I appreciate your invitation.
gn xi n de yoqng
Cm n li mi ca anh.
86.Dont bother.
b yng m fn le
ng c phin phc na.
bi w hu w
ng hiu lm ti
88.Dont give up.
bi fng q
ng t b.
89.Dont jump to conclusions.
b yo j y xi ji ln
ng a ra kt lu n qu v i vng.
90.Dont let me down.
bi rng w sh wng
ng lm ti tht vng y.
91.Dont make any mistakes.
bi ch chi cuo
ng c mc sai lm y.
92.Dont mention it.
20
 Xin lng th cho ti.
b b k q 104.Give me a call.
Khng cn khch so!
93.Dont miss the boat. gi w d din hu
Gi i n thoi cho ti nh!
b yo zuo sh ling j 105.Give my best to your family.
ng b l c h i.
94.Dont take any chances. di w xing n men qun ji wn ho
Gi li hi thm ca ti ti ton th gia
b yo xncn jioxng nh c u nh!
ng trng ch vo may mn. 106.Have him return my call.
95.Dont take it for granted.
rng t gi w hu din hu
b yo xing dng rn Bo n gi li cho ti nh!
ng coi l iu ng nhin. 107.Have you ever been to Japan?
96.Dont worry about it.
n q guo r bn ma
bi dn xn Anh tng n Nh t bao gi cha?
ng lo lng v iu . 108.Have you finished yet?
97.Easy come,easy go.
n zuo wn le ma
li d rng yq d kui C u lm xong cha?
Nhanh n, nhanh i. 109.Can I take a message?
98.Enjoy your meal.
yo w zhunhu ma
qng mn mn xing yng ba C cn ti chuyn li khng?
n t nhin nh! 110.Can I take a rain check?
99.Easier said than done.
n nng gi tin zi qng w ma
shu sh rng y zuo sh nn C u c th mi mnh ba khc c
Ni thng d hn lm. khng?
100.First come,first served. 111.Can I take your order?

ji z xin dng nn yo din ci ma
Nhanh chn th c. ng mun chn mn khng?
101.For here or to go? 112.Can you give me a wake-up call?

zi zhr ch hun sh di zu n nng d din hu jio xng w ma
n y hay l mang v. C u c th gi i n nh thc mnh
102.Forget it. d y khng?
113.Can you give me some feedback?
sun le ba
Qun i! Thi i! B qua i! n nng gi w y xi jiny ma
103.Forgive me. Anh c th nu m t vi ngh cho ti
c khng?
qng yun ling w

21
114.Can you make it
n nng li ma
C u c th ti c khng?
115.Can I have a word with you?
w nng gn n tn y tn ma
Ti c th ni chuy n vi anh m t lt
c khng?
116.Cath me later.
guo hur zi li zho w
Lt na n tm ti nh!
117.Cheer up!
goxng q lizhnzuo q li
Vui ve ln no/ Phn khi ln no!
118.Come in and make yourself at
home.
qng jnbi kq
Xin mi vo, ng khch so!
119.Could I have the bill,please?
qng b zhngdn gi w ho ma
Xin cho xem ha n tnh tin?
120.Could you drop me off at the
airport?
n nng zi w do fij chng ma
C u c th ch mnh n sn bay c
khng?
121.Could you speak slower?
n nng shu d mn y din ma
Anh ni ch m li m t cht c khng?
122.Could you take a picture for me?
n nng bng w pizho ma
C th chp hnh gip ti khng?
123.Did you enjoy your flight?
n de fixng lt ykui ma
Chuyn bay ca ng vui ve ch?
124.Did you have a good day today?
? 3.ho zh yi Good idea.
n jntin guo d ho ma?
Hm nay vui ve khng?
125.Did you have a nice holiday?
n jiq guo d ykui ma
K ngh ca c u vui ve ch?
126.Did you have fun
n wn d kixn ma
C u chi vui ve ch?
127.Dinner is on me.
wnfn w qng k
Ba ti ti mi.
128.Do you have a room available?
nmen yu kng fngjin ma
Ch cc ng cn phng trng khng?
129.Do you have any hobbies?
n yu shnme i ho
Anh c s thch g khng?
130.Do you have some change?
n yu lngqin ma
C u c tin le khng?
131. Do you mind my smoking?
n jiy w chu yn ma
Ti ht thuc c phin g khng ?
132.Do you often work out
n jng chng dun lin shn t ma
Anh thng xuyn rn luy n thn th
ch?
133.Do you speak English?
n hu shu yng y ma
C u bit ni ting Anh khng?
134.Dont be so modest.
bi zhme qinx
ng khim tn th.
1.ho de OK.
2.du ! Yes. ng
22
l kin hay. way.C l ngh theo gc khc s tt
4.xng Ok. hn.
5.k y Thats fine. Tt nhin. 22. yo sh
6.tng n de Up to you. C w k nng ji b zh yng xing
nghe theo anh. If I were you, I wouldnt hink so. Nu
7.n shu de du You are ti l anh ti s khng ngh nh vy.
right. Anh ni ng. 23.du sh w b ho
8.w mi y jin I have no Its all my fault. Tt c u li ti ti
objection. Ti khng c kin g. 24.sh w b du I am to
9.w tng y I agree. Ti blame. L do ti khng ng
ng 25.zh sh w mi
10.mi wn t No yu zu ho I didnt do it right. Vic
problem.Khng vn g ny ti lm cha ng.
11.b xng Khng c. No. 26. du b q
12.b du Thats sh w de cu Sorry. I am wrong. Xin
wrong. Khng ng. li, li ti ti.
13. b tng y No, I dont 27. w cu le Its my
agree.Khng ng fault.Ti sai ri.
14. n shu de b du 28. zh sh gui
Anh ni khng ng.You are quite w b nng gui t I am to take the
wrong. blame for, not him. ng trch anh y v
15. w b zh yng rn vic ny, hy trch ti.
wi I dont think so.Ti khng ngh 29.
nh th. du gui w mi yu shu qng ch
16. w b tng y rng n bi po y tng I am sorry that
n de kn f I dont agree with you.Ti I havent made it clear and you have
khng ng vi cch suy ngh ca anh. made a fruitless trip. Li do ti ni
17. w de khng r rng hi bn phi i 1 chuyn
xing f h n de b y yng I have a v ch.
different opinion with you.Ti khng 30.
ngh nh anh. b sh chu de w y g rn
18. n zh me ji k y bn zu zh g xing zi No
shu w b nng ji shu I cant exaggeration. I can more the box by
accept what you said.Ti khng chp myself.
nhn anh ni nh vy. Khng phi n u nhng 1 mnh ti
19. k nng cng c th khing c ci hm ny.
sh qng mi yu zh me jin dn Its 31.
not so simple as expected.C th s vic b sh w chu ni n mn du mi
khng n gin nh vy. yu w po d kui I am not bragging.
20. kng None of you runs faster than me.
p sh qng b xing n shu de zh yng Khng phi ti ni xo, nhng cc bn
I am afraid it is not as what you u khng th chy nhanh nh ti c.
said.Ti e l s vic khng nh anh ni. 32. ,
21. y x yo b sh w , n mn nng bn chng
hun g jio d ko l gng ho It zh sh ma
may be better if we think it in another Were it not for me, can you do this

23
successful? ho hn y
Nu khng c ti th cc bn c hon You will make greatsuccess in learning
thnh c vic khng? Chinese as long as you study hard.
33. qio w de Leave it to Ch cn bn n lc bn nht nh s hc
me. Xem ti y. tt ting Hn.
34. kn w gi n 41.
l y shu er I will give you a
show. Hy xem ti ra tay y. zh yu zi ji zhai gu n ci nng
35. kn jin zu mi de jng s
You cant find better scenery anywhere
r gu n b q ji gi lo sh d g else except in Jiuzhaigou.
din hu shu y shng Ch cn ng Cu Tri Cu bn cng
Give our teacher a call, if you wont go. c th nhn thy phong cnh p nht.
Nu nh bn khng i th cng gi in 42.
bo cho thy gio 1 ting.
36. yo b sh n de bng zh w zh g
yo sh xi y de hu ji b yo q yn ji zn me nng zh me rng y
shng ji le chng gng
Do not go shopping if it rains. My study wont be so easy without your
Nu nh tri ma th chng ta s khng help.
i mua sm. Nu khng c s gip ca bn th
37. ti nghin cu ca ti khng thnh cng
wn y yu rn zho w ji shu w d dng nh th.
q t sh gun le 43.
Should anyone call me, tell him Ive
gone to the libaray. ch fi n y q fu z w ji b q
Nu c ai tm ti th hy bo l ti i th kn n g din yng
vin ri. I will not go to the cinema unless you go
38. with me.
Tr phi l bn cng i cn khng ti s
yo b sh n li le w jn tin zo khng i coi b phim .
shng du b zh do gi zn me bn le 44.
I wouldnt know what to do if you didnt du chun din r yo b n hu gn
come this morning. mo de
Nu m ko c bn n th sng nay ti Put more clothes on, otherwise you will
cng khng bit lm th no. catch a cold. Mc thm o vo nu
39. khng bn s b cm lnh y.
45.
ji r jn nin w yu ji q ji yo q yn wei w bng le su y w mi q
d lin l yu y c shng bn
I will travel to Dalian if I have several I didnt go to work because I was ill. Bi
days vacation this year. v ti b m cho nn ti khng th i lm
Gi d nh nm nay ti c k ngh th ti c
s i du lch i Lin 1 chuyn. 46.
40.
zh yo n n l n ji y dng nng xu w li zhng gu xu x sh yn wei

24
du zhng gu wn hu gn xng q 49.
I came to study in China because Im w mi yu q yn wei w tai li le
interested in Chinese culture. I didnt go there because I felt very tired.
Ti n Trung Quc hc tp bi v ti rt Ti khng i c bi v ti mt qu.
thch vn ha Trung Quc. 50.
47. yu y tin q de yun yn hu dng
w zh su y mi yu go s n sh p q xio le
n zhao j The movement was cancelled because of
I didnt tell you because I dont want to the bad weather.
worry you. Nguyn nhn l do thi tit xu nn hot
S d ti khng ni vi bn bi ti s ng b hy b.
bn lo lng. 51.
48.
w ho j tin mi kn din sh le yn
gui b d ho ji mi yu jin do n r b zh do yu shn me xn wn
le yun li n hu lo ji le I havent watche TV for several days so
No wonder I havent seen you for a long Ive no idea what is going on.
time. You went back to your hometown. Ti c my ngy nay khng xem tivi nn
Ch trch lu qu chng thy cu, ha ra khng bit tin tc g c.
cu v qu.

TR T NG KH
V tr: cui cu tc dng: dng nhn mnh s pht sinh ca mt s vic, s hon
thnh ca ng tc, s xut hin ca 1 tnh hnh mi hay s thay i ca mt
trng thi .
Cu trc

(Th khng nh) Ch ng + ng t + tn ng +.

V d:
+.

T q shnghi le

anh y i Thng Hi ri.

+ .

T shujiole, bi jio t le.

25
N ng ri, ng c gi n na.

(Th ph nh) Ch ng + () + ng t + tn
ng +

V d:
+

W hi mi ch fn ne.

Ti vn cha n cm.

Hoc:

Ch ng + () + ng t + tn ng.

V d:
+

Zutin xiw w miyu q kn t / Chiu qua mnh ko i thm anh y c.

(Th nghi vn) Ch ng + ng t + tn ng +

()/

V d:
+()?

N ch fn le mi (yu)?

Cu n cm cha?

Tr li cu hi dng ny, ta c 2 cch tr li nh sau:

thc hin 1 hnh ng no :

26
 ng t +

V d:
A:

N ch fn le mi (yu)?

Cu n cm cha?

B:

Ch le

n ri

Vn cha thc hin hnh ng :

/ + ng t

V d:
A

N chfnle mi (yu)?

Cu n cm cha?

B/

Hi) miyu/mi ch

Cha.

CH : Tuyt i khng c s dng tr t ng kh trong cu biu th ng tc

thng xuyn xy ra.

V d:

-Wnshng, w chngchng gn nyu q gung gngyun-

( khng c ni nh vy v biu th hnh ng thng xuyn xy ra, thi quen)

27
 V tr: Sau ng t

Tc dng: + Biu th ng tc hon thnh.

V d:

Shng xngqli, w pngyu cng ynggu hulile.

Th 6 tun trc, bn ti t Anh tr v nc ri.

Khi ng t + mang theo tn ng th pha trc tn ng phi c s lng t hoc t

ng khc lm nh ng

Ch ng + ng t + + s t + lng t + tn ng.

V d:

W mile y jin yf

T va mi mua 1 b qun o mi

CH : Khi khng c s lng t hoc thnh phn nh ng khc trc tn ng (tc

tn ng khng xc nh) th cui cu phi thm tr t ng kh th mi to thnh 1
cu hon chnh.

V d:

W mile shle.

ti mua sch ri

T bba chle wnfnle

b anh y n cm xong ri .

khng th ni l:

28
W mile sh

T bba chle wnfn

Ngoi ra n cn biu th mt hnh ng va kt thc th 1 hnh ng khc xy ra ngay

sau , dng vi cu trc

..

ng t 1 + +. + ng t 2 +

V d:

T chle wnfn ji chq wnr

n n xong cm lin i ra ngoi chi ri.

Mt s cu ting Trung khi tc gin

1.i vi tao, my khng l g c n du w shn me du b sh
2. My mun g ? n xing zn me yng ?
3. My tht qu qut/ ng ! n ti gufn le !
4. Hy trnh xa tao ra ! l w yun y dinr !
5. Tao chu ht ni my ri ! ! w zi y shu b lio n l !
6. Do t my chuc ly . n z zho de .
7. My in ri ! ! n fng le !
8. My tng my l ai ? n y wi n sh shi ?
9. Tao khng mun nhn thy my na w b yun zi jin do n !
10. Ct ngay khi mt tao cng w min qin xio sh !
11. ng quy ry/ nhu tao bi fn w .
12. My lm tao tc cht ri n q s w le .
13 . Mt my cng dy tht lin p zhn hu .
14. Lin quan g n my gun n p sh !
15. My c bit my gi ri khng? n zh do xin zi jin m ?
16. Ai ni th ? shi shu de ?
17. ng nhn tao nh th bi n yng kn zhe w
18. Cht i q s b !
19. tp chng n zh z zhng !
20. l chuyn ca my. n sh n de wn t .

29
21. Tao khng mun nghe w b xing tng .
22. ng li thi na sho gn w lu su .
23. My ngh my ang ni chuyn vi ai ? n y wi n zi gn
shi shu hu ?
24. ng l ngc zhn sh z ch y g !
25. Gay go tht zhn zo go !
26. Lo chuyn ca my trc i gun ho n z j de sh !
27. Tao hn my w hn n !
28. My khng lm c ra tr g sao ? chng sh b z , bi sh
yu y .

30