Opto-pyrotechnics Workshop

17.18.November 2008
IAS, Toulouse

Rocket Motors, Igniter applications

and Future needs at Nammo Raufoss
(Missile Products Division)

Otto Dahle otto.dahle@nammo.com

Dr. Nils Kubberud nils.kubberud@nammo.com

Nammo Raufoss AS Proprietary Information

 Nammos Business Units
Medium & Missile Products Demil Talley Defense
Small Caliber Large Caliber Systems

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 Nammo Group:
- Established in 1998
- Merger from Raufoss/NO,
Celsius/SE and Patria/FI

- Owned by:
- The Norwegian Ministry of
Trade and Industry (50%)
- Patria Oy (50%

- Production Sites:
- Norway (Main Office)
- Sweden
- Finland
- Germany
- Switzerland
- USA

- Employees
- Nammo Group 1700 pers.
- Nammo Raufoss 655 pers.
- MPD 190 pers.

Nammo Raufoss AS Proprietary Information

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 Missile Products Production Programmes

Sidewinder Exocet Block3

Rocket motor (40000 Booster motor and TVC
produced)

Ariane 5 ESSM
Separation/accelleration
Rocket motor
motors

IRIS-T
Rocket motor and TVC
Penguin, rocket motors NSM, Booster motor

Nammo Raufoss AS Proprietary Information

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 Missile Products Development Programmes

70mm Rocket System

IM warhead (MPP)

IRIS-T SL
Rocket motor and TVC

IDAS HVM Hybrid motor

3 Stage Rocket motor Hypervelocity rocket motor

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 Technology Program history
Initiated in 87 based on a broad technology platform
in close cooperation with FFI. Financed by Nammo,
NoMoD and SND (regional authorities)
The next program financed by Nammo and NoMoD
alone

Programstruktur fra 1996

PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Programstruktur fra 2001

Motor Concept
Technology Program Umbrella Demonstrations
Programs Nytt Teknologiprogram

Missil/ motor aktualitetsstudie

Advanced Next Future Future
Structural Generation Propulsion Missile Pulse Motor
Materials Propellants Technology Systems Demonstration
Teknologiutvikling Motorkonsept
Composite IM Hybrid Missile/ Demonstrasjoner
Materials Propellants Rocket Motor Hypervelocity
Motor Study Concept Motor
Matr.Models Clean/ Actuality Life Cycle Hyhastig-
Solid Motor Struktur/
Demonstration Bindings- Thrust
Simulations Smokeless Assessment Drivstoff Environmental hetsmotor
Propellants Ramjet Gas Strukturer isol. matr. teknologi Management
Engineering (CKEM)
Aluminium Energetic Generator Motor
Alloys Propellants Study Concept
Hytemp.
Study Euclid Kammer- Overflate- Aldring
Min. Smoke kjemi / SSSL 2-puls-
Ti Alloys High Burn strukturer
Short Range CEPA 14 isolason adhesjon Hndterings-
Rate Propulsion
Air to Air
motor
skader
Propellants Missile (ERAAM)
Advanced TVC Termo-
Motor Nye drivstoff Dyse/ Undervanns Overvkings-
Thermal Technology plast-matr. / rvarer vane-matr. TVC teknikker
technology
Materials
Program
E3
(incl. TVC) ESSM P3I
MI SS ILE PR ODUCTS DI VI SI ON 3

Hybridmotor

MI SS ILE PR ODUCTS DI VI SI ON 5

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 Thrust Management Activities
Thrust Vector Control - TVC
Systems
Jet vanes produced in C/C-SiC materials
Nammo Investment on C-C/SiC Facility is of
importance
New Nozzle with Low Loss JV System

Super Sonic Split Line (SSSL)

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 Thrust Management Activities (cont.)
Pulse Motor
Multiple-stage Rocket Motor
Rocket motor with 3 thrust levels
Bulk Head Concepts Studies
Multiple Igniters

Pintle Nozzle

Hybrid Technology
Hybrid technology at Nammo initiated in 2002
IM favorable with Thrust Management Capabilities

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 Minimum Smoke Propellant Activities
Participation in European international research programs
(1990 - 2002)
Western European Armament Group (WEAG) TA 25.3 Energetic
Binders
GAP, HMX

European Space Agency (ESA) General Support Technology Program

(GSTP 1) Preparation for Industrialization of HNF Based Propellants
GAP, HNF

European Collaborative Long Term Initiative in Defence (EUCLID) RTP

14.1 Clean Rocket Propellants
GAP, HNF, CL20

Norwegian Technology Program 2001 2005

Minimum smoke (GAP/CL-20)
High burn rate (GAP/AP/CL-20)
Norwegian Technology Program 2006 2010
Static firing of a test
Continued work on minimum smoke (GAP/HMX/CL-20) motor filled with GAP /
CL-20 propellant

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 The Nammo/FFI - History on
Composite Materials and Filament Winding
HISTORIC HIGHLIGHTS Time

1988 - 1993

Material Technology 1993 -1998

Test Methods 1998 - 2007
FEM Established Material Technology
Winding Machine Test Methods Product Development:
Component Tests FEM Established at FFI NSM Booster Case
6 test bottle Two new Winding Machines ESSM Composite
Mistral High Pressure Winding Machine at FFI HATM Techn. Demo
Bottle Qualified Component Tests CKEM Techn. Demo
10 Rocket Motor HVM Flight Test
Demonstration Program Commercial Products
Raufoss Composites Ragasco Established
Established Propane (LPG) bottles
CNG Vessels Type New Winding Machine at FFI
Qualified

Technology Development Sponsored by the Norwegian MoD and Nammo

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 Nammo Raufoss MPD
Summary of - Igniter/Fuze Systems
ESSM:
Laser Arm Fire Device (LAFD)
Solid State Device
Fully electronic function
No moving parts
High power laser diode ignites the transition charge in the motor igniter chain

NSM :
Safe Arm Device (SAD)
Electromechanical Device
Solenoid which turns:
A. the transition detonators in-line with the
donor/acceptor charges
B. the electronic switches from Safe position
to Arm position
The detonators initiates the motor ignition chain
upon receipt of the ignition signal

SAD

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 Nammo Raufoss MPD
Summary of - Igniter/Fuze Systems
IRIS-T (air to air)
Motor Safety Ignition unit (MSI)
Electromechanical Device
Solenoid which turns: A. the transition initiators in-line with the motor ignition chain
B. the electronic switches from Safe position to Arm position
The initiators initiates the motor ignition chain upon receiption of ignition signal

MSI

IRIS-T SL (ground to air)

Motor Safety Ignition unit (MSI)
Electromechanical Device
Solenoid which turns: A. the transition initiators in-line with the motor ignition chain
B. the electronic switches from Safe position to Arm position
The initiators initiates the motor ignition chain upon receiption of ignition signal

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 Nammo Raufoss MPD
Summary of - Igniter/Fuze Systems
Sidewinder 9L
Safe and Arm Key
Mechanical Device
Manually switched to arm position by turning the
initiator in-line with the motor ignition chain
The initiator initiates the motor ignition chain
upon receiption of ignition signal
Safe and Arm Key

Penguin MK2 Mod6/7

Safe Arm Device (SAD)
Electromechanical Device SAD
Solenoid which turns:
A. the transition detonators in-line with the RDCs and
motor ignition chain
B. the electronic switches from Safe position to Arm position
RDC
The detonators initiate the RDCs and motor igniter
subsequently upon receiption of ignition signal

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 Nammo Raufoss MPD
Summary of - Igniter/Fuze Systems
Exocet :
Electro Pyrotechnical Device
El. Detonators in the AFD (located
in the missile system) ignites the RDC
to the motor
Energy from the RDC ignites the TBI in
the motor ignition chain

TBI

RDC

IDAS :
- Prelimenary solution for AFD is the similar
design as for IRIS-T (Electro mech. Device)

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 Nammo Raufoss MPD
Summary of - Igniter/Fuze Systems

Ariane 5 :
Electro Pyrotechnical Device
El.Detonators in the AFD (BSA) ignite
the RDC to the manifolds
The Manifolds distribute the energy to
both (min. one) TBIs on each motor
The TBIs transform the energy to a
shock wave which propagates into the
igniter

Video igniter firing

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 Nammo Raufoss MPD
Summary of - Igniter/Fuze Systems
Nammo igniter systems for rocket motors are based
on two different principles :
- Pyrogen igniter utilising composite propellant. Propellant burn rate function of
igniter pressure and motor conditioning temperature

- Pyrotechnical igniter utilising BKNO3 pellets. Burn rate for BKNO3 not influenced
by igniter pressure and conditioning temperature.

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 Nammo Raufoss MPD
Future Needs on AFD

AFD for dual/multiple stage rocket motors

To be programmable to set off second/third stages

Generic AFD for ground testing of rocket motor

demonstrators
To improve safety during preparation and handling and
to save time

Minimize AFD wrt. Weigt, Volum and Cost

Requires opto-pyrotechnics or electronic build-up

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