UNIT-1

Multiple choice questions:

1. Statistics means
1) Numerical statement of facts
2) Descriptive analysis
3) Number gaming
4) Measurement
5) Collection of data
2. Statistics is considered synonymous with
1) data
2) Manipulation of data
3) Figures or data
4) data collection
5) None
3. Statistics refers to
1) Qualitative analysis
2) Questionairre
3) Quantitative Information
4) None
5) All the above

4. The various fields to which statistics can be applied are

1) Economics
2) Sociology
3) Business
4) Only business
5) All of the above
5. Statistics is used by private business firms in
1) Forecasting
2) Controlling
3) Exploring
4) All the above
5) None
6. The middle point of the distribution is
1) data
2) Collection of data
3) central tendency
4) Dispersion
5) None
7. The spread of data in a distribution is
1) Figures
 2) Facts
3) Central tendency
4) Dispersion
5) None
8. The average of something refers to
1) Extreme value
2) Lowest value
3) Arithmetic mean
4) Mode
5) None
9. Mean comes under
1) Measure of central tendency
2) Measure of dispersion
3) Skewness
4) All the above
5) None
10. The advantage of mean is that
1) Its concept is familiar to most people
2) Every data set has a mean
3) It is unique
4) All the above
5) None of the above
11. The disadvantage of mean is
1) It may be affected by extereme values
2) It is tedious to calculate mean
3) Sometimes it does not represent the data
4) All the above
5) None
12. Weighted mean is a
1) Measure of dispersion
2) Measure of central tendency
3) Kurtosis
4) All the above
5) None
13. Geometric mean is a
1) Measure of central tendency
2) Measure of dispersion
3) Data collection method
4) All the above
5) None
14. Median is a
1) Measure of central tendency
2) Measure of dispersion
3) Skewness
4) Kurtosis
5) None
15. Mode is a
1) Measure of central tendency
2) Measure of dispersion
3) Research method
4) Data analysis
5) None
16. Median measures
1) Central item in the data
2) First item in the data
3) Last item in the data
4) Highest frequency
5) Lowest frequency
17. Median is the
1) Middlemost item
2) Largest item
3) Smallest item
4) All the above
5) None
18. Half of the items in the data set lie above
1) Mean
2) Median
3) Mode
4) Skewness
5) Kurtosis
19. If the dataset contains an odd number of items, the median is:
1) Middle item
2) Largest item
3) Smallest item
4) Highest frequency
5) Lowest frequency
20. The class with highest frequency is:
1) Mean
2) Median
3) Mode
4) Skewness
5) Kurtosis
21. Research is:
1) Search for knowledge
2) Search for pertinent information on a specific topic
3) Art of scientific investigation
4) All the above
5) None
22. The systematic approach concerning generalization and the formulation of a theory is
1) Research
2) Science
3) Data
 4) All the above
5) None
23. The purpose of research is
1) To discover answers to questions through application of scientific procedures
2) To find out the truth which is hidden
3) To gain familiarity with a phenomenon
4) All the above
5) None
24. The basic motivation in research is:
1) Desire to get intellectual joy of doing some creative work
2) Desire to be of service to society
3) Desire to get respectability
4) All the above
5) None
25. The basic types of research are:
1) Descriptive vs Analytical
2) Applied vs Fundamental
3) Quantitative vs Qualitative
4) All the above
5) None.
Key
1. 1
2. 3
3. 3
4. 5
5. 4
6. 3
7. 4
8. 3
9. 1
10. 4
11. 4
12. 2
13. 1
14. 1
15. 1
16. 1
17. 1
18. 2
19. 1
20. 3
21. 4
22. 1
23. 4
24. 4
 25. 4

Fill in the blanks:

1. A careful,Systematic study and investigation in some field of knowledge,undertaken to
establish facts or principles is __________________________
2. Collections of any number of related observations is ___________________________.
3. Collection of data is called_________________________________.
4. _____________________involves establishing objectives and gathering relevant
information to obtain the answer to a business issue.
5. Replicability is the___________________________---of research
6. Data collection methods are often dependent on the choice of__________________.
7. Analytical approach is dependent on ________________________________.
8. The first step involved in research process is___________________.
9. The second step involved in research process is __________________________
10. The third step involved in Research process is __________________________.
11. The fourth step involved in research process is_______________________-.
12. The step followed by selection of sample in research process is____________________.
13. The sixth step involved in research process is_______________________.
14. After estimating the resources needed the next step in research process
is_________________.
15. After preparing the research proposal the next step in research process is ______.
16. The next step after data collection in research process is________________.
17. The next step after data analysis in research process is _________________.
18. Marketing Research is a type of _________________
19. Market Research,product research and advertising research are various types
of________.
20. The framework of conducting Research is known as _____________________.
21. Objectivity is the feature of__________________.
22. Statement of the problem is a component of ______________.
23. Sampling design is a component of____________.
24. One of the major requirement of a good research design is________________.
25. The first step in research design process is_______________________.

Key:
1. Research
2. Data
3. Data set
4. Business Research
5. Characterstic
6. Sample
7. Data collection
8. Defining the research problem
9. Cost/value analysis of information
10. Selection of the data collection method
11. Selection of sample
12. Selection of the method of analysis
13. Estimate the resources needed
14. Prepare the research proposal
15. Data collection
16. Data analysis
17. Reporting
18. Business Research
19. Business research
20. Research design
21. Research design
22. Research design
23. Research design
24. Clarity in formulation
25. Determining sources of data

Descriptive questions
1. Write about research?
2. What are the features of research?
3. Define business research?
4. What are the characteristics of business research?
5. What are the steps involved in research process?
6. Explain the importance of business research?
7. Explain the scope of business research?
8. What are the types of business research?
9. What is the criterion of business research?
10. Write about research design?
11. What are the various definitions of research design?
12. What are the features of research design?
13. What are the components of research design?
14. What are the steps in research design process?
15. What are the requirements for a good research design?
16. Write about mean?
17. Write about median?
18. Write about mode?
19. Write about skewness?
20. Write about Kurtosis?
 Assignment questions
1. Write about Advantages and Disadvantages of mean.
2. Write a short note on Research design.
3. What is the need of business research?
4. Write a short note on measures of central tendency
UNIT -2
Multiple choice questions
1. If repetitions are not allowed the number of two
digit numbers, can be formed from the numbers 2,2,5,6 are ( )
1) 10 2) 9 3) 12 4) 15 5) None
2. The distinct permutations that can be formed from
all the letters of the word that( )
1) 9 2) 8 3) 20 4) 12 5) None

3. There are 6 balls in a box. The number of ways two balls can be drawn with
Replacement = ( )
1) 36 2) 24 3) 32 4) 40 5) 44

4. In how many ways a student can answer 3 questions out of 5 questions in an

Examination . ( )
1) 12 2) 10 3) 15 4) 20 5) 22
5. A coin is tossed 3 times. The number of elements in sample in sample space = . ( )
1) 8 2) 6 3) 10 4) 6 5) 12
6. The probability of having at least one head if two coins are tossed = ( )
1) 1/2 2) 3/4 3) 2/5 4) 1/5 5)1/6
7. If two dice are thrown. Sample space contains number of elements. ( )
1) 16 2) 24 3) 36 4) 42 5) 18
8. The probability of getting a sum of 6 if two dice are thrown is ..( )
1) 10 2) 9 3) 12 4) 15 5) 18
9. The probability of getting two variables unequal when we throw two dice is ( )
1) 1/6 2)1/3 3)1/12 4)5/6 5) 1/4
10. If P (a) = P (b) = 1/3 and P (AnB) = 1/5 then P (AUB) .. ( )
1) 23/60 2) 17/60 3) 1/10 4) 5) 21/60
11. If P (a) = 2/3 and P (AnB) = then P (AUB) = . ( )
1) 1/8 2) 3/8 3) 5/8 4) 7/8 5) 1/2
12. If A and B are mutually exclusive events then P (AUB) =.. ( )
1) p(a)+p(b) 2) p(a).p(b) 3) p(a)-p(b) 4) p (a/b)
5) None
13. If A and B are independent events and P (A) = 2/3 and P (B) = 3/5 then
P (AUB) = .. ( )
1) 1/5 2) 3/5 3) 2/7 4) 1/3 5) 2/3
14. If A and B is mutually exclusive events then P (AcUBc) = ( )
1) 1 2) 0 3) P (A) 4) 9 5) None
15. Probability of getting one ace and one 10 when we draw 2 cards with
Replacement from a pack of 52 cards = . ( )
1) 1/13 2)1/169 3)2/169 4) 3/169 5) 4/169
16. There are 5 cards numbered 1 to 5.two cards are drawn together. Then the
Probability of getting a sum is odd is .. ( )
1) 2/25 2) 4/25 3) 6/25 4) 8/25 5) 10/25

17. In a bag there are 3 Red balls 2 Blue balls .One ball is drawn .the
Probability of getting a red ball = . ( )
1) 1/5 2) 3/5 3) 2/3 4) 1/3 5) 2/5
18. If a die is thrown, the probability of getting 5 or 6 is ..( )
1) 1/2 2)1/3 3) 2/3 4) 5) 3/4
19. There are 3boys and 2 girls in a class, students are selected at random one after
the other such that they are alternate, the probability of selecting is ( )
1) 1/5 2) 2/5 3) 1/4 4) 1/3 5)2/3
20. If P (A) = 1/3, P (B) =1/4, P (AUB) =1/3then P (B/A) =.. ( )
1) 3/4 2)1/2 3)2/3 4) 3/5 5) 4/5
21. Box I contains 3 red balls 2 white balls, box 2 contains 2 red balls, 2
White balls. One box is selected and one balls selected. The probability That it is red = .( )
 1) 11/20 2) 13/20 3) 15/20 4) 17/20 5) 19/20
22. In the above problem probability that if red, heat is from box I =
1) 1/11 2) 2/11 3) 5/11 4) 6/11 5) 7/11
23. The probabilities of two students to solve the problem independently are And 1/3. The
probability that the problem can be solved = ( )
1) 1/3 2) 2/3 3) 1/5 4)4/5 5) 3/5
24. If two dice are thrown the probability that at least one of the faces is 2 is ( )
1)11/36 2)13/26 3) 1/4 4) 1/6 5) 12/36
25. If a die is thrown three times the sample space contains elements ( )
1) 169 2) 16 3) 216 4) 196 5) 256
Fill in the blanks
1. If an experiment is performed repeatedly under essentially homogeneous conditions and
similar conditions, the result can be predicted with certainty is known as
_____________________________.
2. If an experiment is performed repeatedly under essentially homogeneous conditions an
the results cannot be predicted with certainty is known of _____________________________.
3. R. A .Fisher, von mises introduced the ____________________________ to the theory
of probability through notion of sample space.

4. An experiment is called a ________________________ of when conducted

Repeatedly under essentially homogeneous conditions, the result is not unique but may be any
one of the various possible outcomes.
5. Performing of a random experiment is called a _______________ and out come (or)
combination of outcomes are termed as ____________________.
6. The total number of possible out comes of a random experiment is called
________________________ for the experiment.
7. The number of out comes of a random experiment which entail the happening of an event
are termed as the _______________________________to the event.
8. Two (or) more events are said to be _________________________ of the happening of
any one the of them excludes the happening of all others in the save experiment.
9. The out come are said to be ___________________________ (or) ______________ if
none of them is expected to occur in preference to other.
10. Events are said to be __________________ of ___________________ if happening of
one of them is not affected by anal does not affect the happening of one of others.
11. The number of different perambulations of in different object taken rata time with
repetitions is ________________________.
12. The number of different permutations of in different objects taken rata time without
repetition is _________________________
13. The number of permutations of in abject taken all at time, when in, object are alike of one
kind, n2 objects are alike of second kind n k objects one alike k th kind is given by
______________________ .
14. If one operation can be performed in P different ways and another operations can be
performed in q different ways ,then the two operations when associated together can be
performed in ____________________ ways.
15. A combination is a selections of only r objects out of n objects, with out any regard to
the __________________ of ______________________ .
16. If a random experiment results in N exhaustive, mutually exclusive and equally out
comes (case) out of which M are favorable to the happening of an event A , then the probability
of occurrence of A , usually denoted by ________________by m/n =
_______________________________.
17. P (A) + P (B) = _________________________
18. If an experiment is performed repeatedly under essentially homogeneous and identical
conditions, then the limiting value of the ratio of the numbers of times the event occurs to the
number of trials, as the number of trials becomes indefinitely large, is called the probability
of happening of the event, it being assumed that the limit is ____________________ and _____
19. P (AnB) = P (A).P( B/ A) ; P (A ) # O
20. P(AUB) = P(A) + P(B) P (AnB)
21. Bayers theorem is also called as _______________________.
22. According to Bayers then P (E; / A) = _____________________________.
23. The decision node is ____________________.
24. The child node is __________________.
25. _________________ is the real giant in the development of the theory of statistics

Descriptive
1. Define probability.
2. How many approaches are there for probability theory? What are they?
3. What do you mean by classical approach?
4. What do you mean by relative frequency?
5. What do you mean by subjective probability?
6. What do you mean by axiomatic approach?
7. Bayes formulae.
8. Prove Ac =1-p(A) with your own example.
9. Prove p(AUB)=p(A)+p(B)-p(AB) with your own example.
10.if p(A)=1/5;p(B)=2/3; p(AB)=1/15 find p(AUB).
11. p(Ac B).
12. p(Ac UB).
13. p(A Bc).
14. p(Ac Bc).
15.p(AcUBc).
16.if p(AUB)=4/5;p(Bc)=1/3 and p(AB)=1/5 find p(B).
17. if p(AUB)=4/5;p(Bc)=1/3 and p(AB)=1/5 find p(A).
18. if p(AUB)=4/5;p(Bc)=1/3 and p(AB)=1/5 find p(Ac B).
19. Explaine any two applications of bayes theorem.
20. If A and B are two events and p(A)=3/5,p(B)=1/2 then prove that p(AUB) 3/5.

Assignments
1. What is the probability that when two coins are tossed simultaneously atleast one head falls in a
given experiment?
2. What is the probability that the tail falls on both the coins when they are tossed simultaneously?
3. What is the probability that when two dice are thrown, the sum of the numbers falling on them is
7?
4. What is the probability that when two dice are thrown,the sum of the numbers falling on them is
4?
Key for Multiple choice questions
1) 3
2) 4
3) 1
4) 2
5) 1
6) 2
7) 3
8) 1
9) 1
10) 1
11) 1
12) 1
13) 2
14) 1
15) 2
16) 3
17) 2
18) 2
19) 1
20) 1
21) 1
22) 4
23) 2
24) 1
25) 2

Key for fill in the blanks

1. Deterministic Phenomenon
2. Probabilistic phenomenon
3. Empirical approach
4. Random experiment
5. Trial & events
6. Exhaustive cases
7. Cases favorable
8. Mutually exclusive
9. Equally likely & equally probable
10. Independent & each other
11. np r = n2
12. N/ (n-r) /
13. n! n,! n2! nk!
14. Pxq
15. Order & arrangements
16. P (A) is given & m/n = favrurable rumba of cases Exhaustive number of cases
17. 1
18. Finite & unique
19 p(a) # 0
20. P(A) = p (B) p (ANB)
21. Inverse probability
22. P (E,.) .P (A/ E,) n P (E,.) .P (A/E,.)
23.
24.
25. R.A.Fisher

UNIT-3

Multiple choice questions:

1) Advantages of sample method ( d)

1. Speed
2. Economy
3. Both
4. None
 5. simple

2) Disadvantages of census method (c )

1. speed
2. economy
3. both
4. None
5. Complex

3) Errors in any statistical investigation ( c)

1. sampling Errors
2. non sampling Errors
3. Both
4. None
5. Type 1 error

4) The following are sampling errors ( c )

1. Faulty selection of the sample

2. Substitution
3. Both
4. None
5. Type 2 error

5) Faulty selection of the sample is ( a)

1. sampling errors
2. Non-sampling errors
3. Both
4. None
5. Process error

6) Substitution is (a )

1. sampling errors
2. Non-sampling errors
3. Both
4. None
5. Process error
7) Faulty demarcation of sampling units is (a )

1. sampling errors
2. Non-sampling errors
3. Both
4. None
5. Process error

8) Error due to bias in the estimation method is (a )

1. sampling errors
2. Non-sampling errors
3. Both
4. None
5. Process error

9) Variability of the population is ( a)

1. sampling errors
2. Non-sampling errors
3. Both
4. None
5. Process error
10) Sampling techniques (d )
1. Purposive
2. Probability sampling
3. Mixed sampling
4. d)All the above
5. None of the above

11)A random sample may be selected by (c )

1. Lottery method
2. use of table
3. Either 1 or 2
4. none
5. Both 1 and 2

12) Good estimator should satisfy (d )

1. Unbiasedness
2. consistency
3. efficiency
4. all the above
 5. None

13) Estimation divided into (b )

1. point estimation
2. interval estimation
3. both
4. None
5. Standard estimation

14) Hypothesis may be ( c )

1. null Hypothesis
2. Alternate Hypothesis
3. Both
4. None
5. Prediction hypothesis

15)P+Q= ( a )

1. 1
2. 0
3. .-1
4. None
5. All the above

16) Q= ( a)

1. 1-P
2. 1=P
3. p
4. None
5. All

17)P= ( a)

1. .1-Q
2. 1=Q
3. Q
4. None
5. All the above

18) H0:=0 , H1: >0 , (a )

 1. Right tailed test
2. Left tailed test
3. two tailed test
4. none of the above
5. All the above

19) H0:=0 , H1: <0 , (b )

1. Right tailed test

2. Left tailed test
3. two tailed test
4. none of the above
5. All the above

20) H0:=0 , H1: 0 , ( c)

1. Right tailed test

2. Left tailed test
3. two tailed test
4. none of the above
5. All the above
21)At 5%los , for two tailed test Z=.. (a )
1. 1.96
2. 1.645
3. -1.645
4. none of the above
5. All the above
22) At 5%los , for Right tailed test Z=.. ( b)
1. 1.96
2. 1.645
3. -1.645
4. none of the above
5. All the above
23) At 5%los , for Left tailed test Z=.. ( c)
1. 1.96
2. 1.645
3. -1.645
4. none of the above
5. All the above
24) At 1%los , for two tailed test Z=.. (a )
1. 2.58
2. 2.33
3. -2.33
4. none of the above
5. All the above
25) At 1%los , for Right tailed test Z=.. (b )
 1. 2.58
2. 2.33
3. -2.33
4. none of the above
5. All the above
26) At 1%los , for Left tailed test Z=.. (c )
1. 2.58
2. 2.33
3. -2.33
4. none of the above
5. All the above
Key for MCQ

1) D 14) C
2) C 15) A
3) C 16) A
4) C 17) A
5) A 18) A
6) A 19) B
7) A 20) C
8) A 21) A
9) A 22) B
10) D 23) C
11) C 24) A
12) D 25) B
13) B 26) C

Fill in the blanks

1)Group of individuals belonging to a particular group(population)

2)Part of the Population is .. (sample)

3)If the population is finite, then it is said to be . (finite population)

4) If the population is infinite, then it is said to be . (infinite population)

5)If the popul;ation consists of imaginary objects then it is called. (Hypothetical
population)

6)The number of units in the sample is known as the .. (sample size)

7) is a tool which enables us to draw conclusions about the characteristics of

the population after studying only those objects or items that are included in the sample.
(sampling)

8)the statistical constants of the population are known as (parameters)

9)The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of a statistic is known as its

(standard error)

10)sample population is denoted by . (p)

11)sample standard deviation is denoted by (s)

12)sample variance is denoted by . (s2)

13)sample correlation coefficient is denoted by (r)

14)If n>30, then the sample is .. (Large sample )

15) If n<30, then the sample is .. (small sample )

16)srswor=>(simple random sampling without replacement)

17) srswr=>(simple random sampling with replacement)

18)A particular value of a statistics which Is used to estimate a given parameter is known as a
. (point estimate )

19) is the hypothesis which Is tested for possible rejection under the assumption that
it is true. (Null Hypothesis )

20)Any Hypothesis which is complementary to the null Hypothesis is called

an.( Alternative Hypothesis )
21)The error of accepting Ho When Ho is false is known as (Type II error)

22) The error of rejecting Ho When Ho is true is known as (Type I error)

23)Level of significance is always . In advance before collecting the sample

information. (fixed)

24)los refers to .. (level of significance)

25)df refers to .. (degrees of freedom)

Answers for blanks

1) 14)
population Large sample

2) 15)
sample small sample

3) 16)
finite population simple random sampling without

4)
replacement
infinite population
17)
5)
simple random sampling with
Hypothetical population
replacement
6)
sample size
18)
point estimate
7)
sampling
19)
Null Hypothesis
8)
parameters
20)
Alternative Hypothesis
9)
standard error
21)
Type II error
10)
p)
22)
Type I error
11)
s
 12)
s2 23)
fixed)

13) 24)
r level of significance

25)
degrees of freedom

Descriptive questions
1.Write short notes on Measurement and scaling.

2.What are the various types of scales?

3. What are the various sources of data?

4. Write a short notes on primary data.

5.Write a short notes on secondary data.

6.What is meant by sample?

7.What is meant by population?

8.What is the purpose of sampling?

9.What are the benefits of sampling?

10.What are the various stages in sampling?

11.What are the various techniques of sampling?

12.How to determine whether a sample represents the population or not?

13.What is meant by sample size?

14.How to determine sample size?

15.How to determine exact sampling technique?

 16.Write a short notes on questionnaire design.

17.What are the methods of data collection?

18.What is meant by editing?

19.what is meant by coding?

20.What is meant by tabulation?

Assignment questions
1.How to determine whether a sample represents the population?

2.Write a short notes on methods of data collection.

3.Write a short notes on various stages and techniques of sampling.

4.Write a short notes on primary and secondary data.

UNIT-4

Multiple choices
1. If the maximum error with .99 probability is .25 and sample size 400:
then standard deviation of the population is . ( )
1) 1.23 2) 2.23 3) 1.93 4) 3.12 5) 3.2
2. Among 100 students in a class, 60 people use ball pens. With 95%
Confindence, the maximum error for true proportion is ( )
1) .096 2) .02 3) .03 4) .05 5) 0.04
3. A sample of 64 was taken and found that 15 are smokers. Standard error
Of proportions is ( )
1) .0275 2) .0425 3) .0675 4) .0825 5) 0.5
4. In a sample survey conducted in a large city 95 out of 500 answered yes
 a question with 95% confidence the maximum error for true proportion can be ( )
1) .01 2) .023 3) .05 4) .09 5) 0.04
5. A random sample of 1000 people were taken and out of which 4% are
Chapatti eaters. The maximum error with probability.95 is . ( )
1) .012 2) .025 3) .04 4) .06 5) 0.05
6. Given on the average 5% of insured men if age 65 dies within a year. If
the sample size is 600 standard error corresponding to true proportion is ( )
1) .0089 2) .002 3) .004 4) .01 5) 0.003
7. A random sample of 400 products contains 52 defective items .standard
Error of probability is . ( )
1) 0.165 2) .0375 3) .05 4) .0725 5) 0.04
8. A random sample of 900 apples were taken among which 4% ahead
With .95 probability he maximum error for true proportion is ( )
1) .0065 2) .001 3) .002 4) .005 5) 0.003

9. 900 articles from a factory are examined and found to be 5% defective .

with .99 probability , the maximum error corresponding to true Proportion is ( )
1) .019 2) .03 3) .12 4) .05 5) 0.04
10. If true proportion p=1/3, th maximum error with .95 probability is .02.
1) 2134 2) 2324 3) 1975 4) 1725 5) 2000
11. If p= ,maximum error with 95% confidence is .07, then sample size is .. ( )
1) 196 2) 169 3) 225 4) 200 5) 201
12. 100 among 600 articles are defective. if the maximum error with
Probability .99 is .02. the sample size is ( )
1) 4.7 2) 5.7 3) 6.7 4) 7.7 5) 3.7
13. We want to be at least 95% confidence that the error is at the most .06,
Then sample size is ( )
1) 215 2) 267 3) 313 4) 425 5) 625
14. We want to be at least 99% confident hence that the error is at the most
03.then sample size is ( )
1) 1849 2) 2132 3) 1627 4) 1432 5) 1632
15. If the mean of a sample of size 100 is 12 and the standard deviation is
2. then 955 confidence limits are ( )
1) 11.04,12.96 2)10.98,13.02 3) 11.608,12.392 4) 11.2,12.8 5) None
16. If the mean of a sample f size 8 is 10 with a standard variation variation
of 3 then 95% confidence interval is . ( )
1) 9.347,10.653 2) 9.12,10.88 3) 8.72,13.28 4) 9.62,10.38 5) None
17. If the mean of a sample of size 100 is 15 and standard deviation 2 then
the 95% confidence interval is ( )
1) 14.608,15.392 2) 13.92,16.08 3) 14.5,15.5 4) 14.75,15.25 5) None
18. A biased coin was thrown 400 times and head turned up 240 times .
then the standard error of proportions of head is . ( )
1) .02 2).024 3) .04 4) .06 5) 0.03
19. In a sample of 100 ceramic pistons made for experimental designed
Engine 18 was cracked. then the standard error of proportions is ( )
1) .05 2) .038 3) .062 4) .08 5) 0.07
20. In a sample of 100 ceramic pistons made for an experimental designed
Engine 18 were cracked, then 95% confidence interval if proportions is .( )
1) .105,.255 2) .12,.24 3) .1,.26 4) .15,.21 5) None
21. A die is thrown 256 times. Times. an even digit turns up 150 times then z = ( )
1) 1.75 2) 2.75 3) 3.25 4) 4.00 5) 3.75
22. If p = .95 and the sample size is 200 then the standard error of Proportions are ( )
1) .0154 2) .0321 3) .15 4) .275 5) 0.5
23. If p = .5 and the sample size is 750 then the standard error is .( )
1) .0183 2) .18 3) .0251 4) .036 5) 0.2
24. If 204 apples out of 300 were good .the maximum error with 95%
Confidence for the true proportion of good apples is... ( )
1) .052 2) .0812 3) .09 4) .12 5) 0.6
25. If x = 84, n = 200 then maximum error of true proportions with 99% Confidence interval is . ( )
1) .09 2) .15 3) .05 4) .22 5) 0.03

BLANKS
1. ___________________ consists in describing some characteristics of numerical data.
2. The ___________________ also known as statistical inference , is termed as the logic
of drawing statistically valid conclusions about the totality of cases 0r items.
3. The group of individuals under study kis known as the ________________
4. In sampling theory , the _____________ means the larger group from which the
samples are drawn
5. A population containing a finite number of objects or items is known as ________
6. A population having infinite number of objects is known as _____________ population
7. A population consisting of concrete objects is known as ___________ population
8. The population does not consist of concrete objects ie imaginary objects is called
____________
9. ____________ is a tool which enables us to draw conclusions about the characteristics
of the population after studying only those objects or items that are included in the sample.
10. The statistical constants of population are called as _________________
11. The statistical constants of sample are called as ______________
12. if we draw a sample of size n from a given finite population of size N then total
number of possible samples is N c = _________________n
13. The standard deviation os the dampling distribution of a statistic is known as its
_____________
14. The standard error of a sample mean is _________
15. The standard error of a observed sample proportion p is ____________
16. The concept of standard error is extremely useful in testing of ____________-
17. The reciprocal of kthe standard error of a statistic gives a measure of the
_______________ or _________ of the estimate of the parameter
18. A group of objects chosen at random from a larger group tends to possess the
characteristics of that large group . This law is called ________________
19. Otherthings being equal, as the sample size increases , the result tend to be more reliable
and accurate . This law is called __________________________-
20. In the __________ method we resort to 100% inspection of the population and
enumerated each and every unit of the population
21. _______________ is the guiding survey.
22. The wrong calculations (or) entries made during the process and analysis of data are
__________________-
23. The errors commited during the presentation are ________________
24. The errors which come due to the personal beliefs and prejudices are called ________
errors.
25. Absolute errors formula is ______________

MCQ ANSWERS

1. 3
2. 1
3. 1
4. 2
5. 1
6. 1
7. 1
8. 1
9. 1
10. 1
11. 1
12. 1
13. 2
14. 1
15. 3
16. 1
17. 1
18. 2
19. 2
20. 2
21. 2
 22. 1
23. 1
24. 1
25. 1

Fill in the blanks answers

1. Discriptive statistics
2. Inductive statistics
3. population or universe
4. population
5. finite population
6. infinite
7. Existant
8. Hypothetical
9. Sampling
10. parameters
11. statistics
12. N!___
n!(N-n)!
13. Standard error
14. __
n
15. PQ
n
16. statistical hypothesis
17. precision
18. the law of statical regularity
19. principle of inertial of large numbers
20. census
21. pilot survey
22. compiling
23. publication errors
24. biased
AE = | a-e

Descriptive questions
1) What do you mean by sample?
2) What do you mean by small sample?
3) What do you mean by Large sample?
4) Define sample size
5) Define standard error?
6) Explain null Hypothesis?
7) Explain Alternative Hypothesis?
8) What is random sampling
9) What is sampling distribution
10) Explain statistical estimation?
11) Explain point estimation?
12) Explain interval estimation?
13) Write any two property of a good estimator?
14) What do you mean by confidential interval?
15) Explain central limit theorem
16) What is the formula to test large sample for single proportion?
17) What is the formula to test large sample for two proportion?
18) What is the formula to test large sample for single mean?
19) What is the formula to test large sample for two means?
20) What is the formula to test large sample for standard deviations?

Assignment questions
1. Among the type 1 and type 2 errors Purchase department is concerned about?
2. Among the type1 and type2 errors quality department is concerned about?
3. What is type1 error?
4. What is type 2 error?
UNIT-5
 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. If Sxx =72 and Sxx=50.the coefficient a1 in the equation = a0+a1x, by least squares
Method is ( )
1. 1.24
2. 1.44
3. 1.76
4. 2.12
5. None
2. Syy = 230, Sxy=40 and Sxx=15, n= 6, Se2 = ( )
1. 30.82
2. 29.12
3. 36.72
4. 34.12
5. None
3. The straight line fitted by least squares method is y=a0 +1.2x, the means of x and y are
5 and 15 then a0 = ( )
1. 5
2. 7
3. 9
4. 11
5. None

4. The two lines of regression pass through the point ( )

1. ( x,y)
2. (0,0)
3. ,
4. (1 , 1)
5. None
4. Arithmetic mean of the coefficient of regression is ( )
1. coefficient of correlation
 2. coefficient of regression
3. mean
4. standard deviation
5. None
5. The two coefficient of regression are .1 and .4 then the coefficient of coefficient of
correlation is ( )
1. .2
2. .4
3. .6
4. .8
5. None
7. If the coefficients of regression are .4 and .9 then the coefficient of correlation is ( )
1. .4
2. .6
3. .8
4. .1
5. None
8. If the coefficient of correlation between the variables of x and y is -1. then the lines of
regressions are ( )
1.
Not equal
2.
Coincide
3.
Parallel
4.
inclined at an angle of 900
5.
None

9. If the coefficient of regression by x<0 then bxy = ( )

1. 0
2. <0
3. >0
4. 1
5. None
10. If the line of regression y on x = y = ax, the formula to find a by the method of
least square is ( )
1.
xy
x2
2.
y
x2
3.
x2
xy
4.
x
y
5. None
11. If r = .26 and sum of the squares of different of ranks is 122.5 then n = ( )
1. 8
2. 10
3. 12
4. 14
5. None

12. The lines of regression of y on x and x on y are y = .4x + .09 and x = .7y + 1.0
respectively. ( )
1. 1.2
2. 1.476
3. 1.75
4. 2.1
5. None

13. With respect to the above problem y- = ( )

1. .68
2. .56
3. .46
4. .72
 5. None
14. For the problem (20) r = ( )
1. .53
2. .45
3. .67
4. .75
5. None
15. If r = .5 and n = 16 then probable error of r = ( )
1. .126
2. .246
3. .326
4. .426
5. None
16. If r = .4 and n = 9. Standard error of r = ( )
1. .16
2. .28
3. .32
4. .36
5. None
17. The coefficient of regression of y on x is . The ratio of the two regression of
Coefficients is .then r = ( )
1. .7
2. .5
3. .9
4. .1
5. None
18. If the regression if coefficient by x = 2 and the variance of x and y are in the ratio 1
and 16 then r = ( )
1. .3
2. .5
3. 7
4. .9
 5. None
19. For the above straight line is the line of regression of y on x .then the regression line
of x on y = ( )
1. Y=x+4
2. Y=x-2
3. Y = 2x + 4
4. Y = 3x 2
5. None
20. The two regression line of y on x is y = .8x + 1.4, r = .3 then the ratio of the variances
of y and x = ( )
1. 64.9
2. 32.3
3. 32.9
4. 64.3
5. None
21. 99% confidence limits for population correlation if r = .9 and n = 28 are ( )
1. .956,1.589
2. .510, 1.2
3. .58, 1.2
4. .75, 1.5
5. None
22. Fit the least squares regression plane y = X 1 + a X 2 for the data y i = 90, X 1i =
60, X 2i = 15, a = ( )
1. Y = X1 + 2X2
2. Y = 2X1 + X2
3. Y = 2X1 + 3X2
4. Y = 4X1 + X2
5. None
23. Fit a line y = 2 + ax2 by the method of least squares if x4 = 30, x4 = 354 and
x2y = 42 then a = ( )
1. .0028
2. .002
3. .003
 4. .004
5. None

24. If di2 = 50 and r 4 = .4 .No rank is repeated n = ( )

1. 6
2. 8
3. 4
4. 10
5. None
25. The two lines of regression are y = 2x + 3 and x = 1/3 y + 2. x = 2 then y = ( )
1. 4.8
2. 3.6
3. 5.2
4. 3.0
5. None

Answers for MCQ

1. 2
2. 1
3. 3
4. 3
5. 1
6. 1
7. 2
8. 2
9. 3
10. 1
11. 2
12. 2
13. 1
14. 1
15. 1
16. 2
17. 2
18. 2
19. 1
20. 1
21. 1
22. 1
23. 1
24. 1
25. 2
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1) ______________ is of the an analysis covariation between two (or ) more
variables .
2) The effect of correlation kis to reduce the range __________________
3) If the values of two variables deviate in the some direction then it kis called
__________________
4) Correlation is said to be negative if the variables deviate in the ____________
5) Causation is always implies ____________
6) The correlation between two cvariables is said to be _____________ if
corresponding unit change in one variable , there is a constant change in the other variable over
entire range of values.
7) A mathematical method for measuring the intensity (or) the magnitude of linear
relationship between two variables is called ___________________
8) The formula for r = ___________________
9) If x , y are integers then r = _______________
10) The limits for correlation coefficient are ___________
11) R = +1 implies that there is ___________________correlation between the
variables.
12) If r = 0 , the variables are ___________
13) Probable error is ________________
14) The formula for probable error is ______________
15) In a normal distribution 50% of the observations lie in the range ______________
16) Limits for population correlation coefficients are ______________-
17) If r < P.E (r) implies ________________ significant
18) If observed value of r is greater than 6 times
19) The formula for r in bivariate distribution is rxy = ruv = ________________
20) Spearmans rank correlation coefficient , denote by is given by the formula
= ____________
21) A measure of the precision of the estimates so obtained from the regression
equation is provided by the ______________
22) Standard error of estimate of y for given x is ______________-
23) Standard error of estimate of x for given y is =_______________
24) The ratio of explained variation to the total variation is kwon as the
___________
25) Regression is independent of ___________ but not ____________

Answers
1) correlation
2) uncertainty of our prediction
3) positive correlation
4) opposite direction
5) correlation
6) linear
7) karl pearsons coefficient of correlation

8) r = cov(x,y)
xy

9) r = dx dy dx2 dy 2
10) -1 <= r <= 1
11) Perfect positive
12) Uncorrlated
13) Correlation coefficient is an amount which if added to and subtracted form the
mean correlation coefficient ,produces amounts with in which the chances are even that a coefficient
of correlation from a series of selected at random will fall.
14) 0.6745 ( 1-r2)
--------
n

15) = .6745

17) r p.e (r)

17) correlation is not at all
18) correlation is significant
19) ruv = N fuv - ( fu) ( fv)
N fu2 - ( fu)2 * [ N f v2 - ( fv)2]
20) 1 - 6 d2
--------
n ( n2 -1)
21) standard error of estimate
22)
(un explained variation in y)
---------------------------------------
N
23) 1 /N ( x- xe)2
24)
the coefficient of determination

Descriptive questions
1) Explain how to draw scatter diagram?
2) What is positive correlation?
3) What is a negative correlation?
4) Write any two limits for co-efficient of correlation?
5) Write the formula to calculate karl pearsons co-efficient of correlation?
6) What is rank correlation?
7) What do you mean by multiple correlation
8) What do you mean by partial correlation
9) Write an two properties of regression coefficients?
10) Write two lines of regression?
11) What is the formula to calculate regression coefficient of Y on X?
12) What is the formula to calculate regression coefficient of X on Y?
13) Given two lines of regression , explain how you will find mean values ?
14) Given two lines of regression, explain how you will find correlation coefficient?
15) Given two lines of regression, explain how you will find ratio of standard deviations?
16) The equations of two lines of regression obtained in a correlation analysis of the
following 2X=8-3Y 2Y=5-X Obtain the value of correlation coefficient?
17) If the regression equations of Y on X and X on Y are Y =4/5 +0.3X X=1/6+0.5Y
Find the coefficient of correlation between X and Y?
18) From the following data, X=0.854y ,Y=0.89x, standard deviation of x =3
Calculate coefficient of correlation?
19) From the following data, X=0.854y ,Y=0.89x, standard deviation of x =3 . find standard
deviationof y?
20) explain any two components of time series

Assignment questions
1. Write a short note on Correlation.
2. Write a short note on regression.
3.Write a short note on time series
4.Write a short note on trend analysis.