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It is also possible to have students read a portion of the book or the text
before class (previous meetings homework).
(L, S): Pair/small group Discussion about the pre-reading information or what students read
discussions based on before class. This can be done either in pairs/small groups/as a class.
questions for the reading For most of my classes, discussions typically occur in small groups
first, followed by a class discussion. For this courses reading, some
discussion questions were:
Who uses social media?
Why is social media so popular?
Before the class discussion, let students know that you will be writing
down their thoughts on post-its as they share their ideas. Hand out post-
its. A small stack per student.
Application
(S, L, R): Class discussion + When students have written some ideas down, ask volunteers to share
list review/generation with the class. Instructor notes which categories students are
mentioning, and either marks or adds them to the list.
*Instructor can also, have class generate the list during the discussion,
but if there are certain goals that are planned, then having a baseline
list is a good idea.
*The post-its can also be geared towards specific grammar points if the
class is at the beginner or intermediate levels.
Assessment
(R, W, S, L): Students can spend the next part of class, individually reading the next
Students write their chapter or a new reading (link here). This time, they will be writing
own post-its for the down their ideas onto post-its as they read. Keep the list of categories
next reading/chapter on the board/screen, so students can refer to them.
(do not collect)
Informal assessment: Next, students return to their original groups and have a discussion.
listen to group This time the discussion should be based on the ideas they wrote down.
discussions and note Encourage students to write a new post-it if their group members
things of interest mention something new.
Closing
(L, S): Explicit instruction of Explicitly explain to students that writing and reading are linked. When
activities purpose they are writing as they read, even if the writing is just an opinion, it
shows that their brains are actively engaged with, or talking to, the
text. Ask students if they encountered any difficulties during the
process. Adjust future in-class readings accordingly.
Technology/Materials
Access to readings (first reading; second reading)
List of annotation categories (Appendix A)
Board/screen
Post-its (small stack per student)
Writing utensil
Notes
If in-class readings are not a
part of the course, then the
lesson can be done with a
sample or previous reading.
Students can then try for
themselves for homework
Activity is designed to lead
into essay outlining (mind
mapping, see Appendix C for
examples of mind maps using
categories)
Appendix A
Things to annotate
Main ideas
Interesting points
Audience
Purpose of article
Statistics
Expert testimonies
Personal experience
Appendix B