FCE ENGLISH GRAMMAR Infinitive & Gerund U7-U20

INFINITIVE: (especfico) *No change in meaning (to or -ing)

1. Despus de adjetivos.
2. Para expresar un propsito o razn por la que alguien start attempt be accostumed to
hace algo. She has gone out to buy bread begin intend be committed to
3. Estructura verbo + (what / how / where / which) + to continue bother cant bear
infinitivo. I dont know what to say.

Verbs followed by an infinitive. **Slight change in meaning

advice choose hope promise
afford dare intend refuse like prefer love hate
agree decide know seem
appear deserve learn show + to = is used to to talk about habits and choices
arrange explain manage tend + -ing = is used to talk about enjoyment (in general)
ask expect offer threaten
attempt fail plan understand
claim forget pretend wonder ***A change in meaning
*negative = verb + not to infintive
Infinitive (to ) Gerund (-ing)
verb + to or verb + object + to
forget to = olvidar cosas forget -ing = olvidar cosas
ask expect mean (=intend) would like que tienes o tenas que que ocurrieron. (pasado =
beg help want would prefer hacer recuerdos)
(presente = obligaciones)
verb + object + to go on to = expresa un go on -ing = expresa que
enable get (=persuade) persuade tell cambio de actividad. se contina realizando la
encourage invite remind warn misma actividad.
force order teach help to = normalmente cant help -ing = no poder
evitar
Se usa el infinitivo sin to I cant hept feeling sorry
1. con los modal verbs. Los modal verbs son: can, will, I cant help laughing
would, should, shall, must keep to = para se keep -ing = se contina
2. con los verbos make & let = verb + object + infinitive hace un cambio con lo mismo.
(without to). make somebody do (not to), pero en mean to = tener la mean -ing = implicar
pasiva decimos made to do (with to). intencin
need to = tengo la need -ing = hay necesidad
obligacin de hacer algo. hacerlo (en voz pasiva)
GERUND: (especfico) (+ object)
1. Despus de preposicin. regret to = normalmente regret -ing = lamentas
She complains about working in her new job se utiliza para comunicar cosas que ocurrieron en el
They are afraid of losing the match. malas noticias. (formal) pasado.
2. Como sujeto en el inicio de la frase (ms comn) tell, say, inform (lamentar lo pasado)
3. Detrs de: (lamentar lo que viene)
to be worth -ing = vale la pena remember to = se refiere remember -ing = se
to look forward to -ing = tener ganas de a recordar cosas que refiere a recordar cosas
cant help -ing = no poder evitar tienes o tenas que hacer que ocurrieron.
(presente = obligaciones) (pasado = recuerdos)
dont mind -ing = no importar
stop to = se interrumpe la stop -ing = solo se
feel like -ing = apetecer
actividad que se est interrumpe la actividad.
4. Prohibiciones o mensajes cortos: No parking
haciendo para hacer otra
infinitive = activity starts gerund = activity stops
Verbs followed by a gerund
try to = se intenta algo sin try -ing = se prueba un
admit fancy postpone suggest
xito al final, pasado experimento, test o prueba
avoid finish quit tolerate
(difcil de conseguir) para ver si funciona (solo
consider imagine recommend think
probar no es difcil)
deny keep (on) regret understand
hear, see, watch
detest (would) risk
to = accin acabada -ing = accin en progreso
enjoy mind
bare infintive = sin to
*negative = verb + not -ing