CHAPTER ONE

1 INTRODUCTION

Snail farming popularly called Snairy is a branch of Agriculture that deals

with the Production and marketing of snails for human consumption and industrial

purposes. Snails are derived from the wild life bank and are used as food, feed or

source of revenue in many parts of the world. Usually unknown to animal

production specialists trained in industrialized countries and often officially

ignored also by the livestock services of their home areas, even though their meat

often considered bush meat or game meat, may be appreciated and command a

higher price than the more conventional animals. The two main areas of snail

production in the World are West Africa and Western Europe.

Snails are invertebrates with soft bodies that are covered with hard

Calcareous shells. Snails belong to the phylum animals group known as Mollusca.

Some other members of the mollusc are slugs, mussels and oysters. Many species

of edible land snails are recognized but the popular species of economic interest is

the West Africa giant snails. archachatina marginata and achatina achatina.

Snail meat is high in protein (37-51%) compared to that of guinea pig

(20.3%), Poultry (18.3%), Snailery (18%), Cattle (17.5%), Sheep (16.4%) and

Swine (14.5%). Iron content (45-59mg/kg), low in fat (0.05-0.08%) and contains

almost all the amino acids needed for human nutrition.

 In addition to the nutritional value of snail meat, recent studies indicated that

the glandular substances from edible snails cause agglutination of certain bacteria,

which could be of value against a variety of ailments including whooping cough.

In folk medicine, the bluish liquid obtained when the meat has been removed from

the shell is believed to be good for infant's development. It is believed in some

quarters that snail meat contains pharmacological properties of value in

counteracting high blood pressure.

At the imperial Court in Rome, snail meat was thought to contain

aphrodisiac properties and was often served to visiting dignitaries in the late

evening. In spite of the considerable external and local demand, commercial snail

farms such as those in Europe, South-East Asia and the Americas do not exist in

West Africa. In Nigeria, Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire where snail meat is particularly

popular, snails are gathered from the forest.

In recent years however, wild snail population have declined considerably,

primarily because of the impact of such human activities as:

Deforestation

Pesticide use

Slash and bush burning and

 Collection of snails before they have reached maturity.

From the above observation, it is therefore important that snail farming

(heliculture) should be encouraged, because it is only through conscious efforts

made by man to farm snails would conservation of these species of animals be

made possible. More especially, Norton, recently pointed out that the existing

conventional Agricultural practices known today would not be able to keep pace

with the expected 30% rise in the world population increase from 7.03 billion in

2010 to 9.14 billion in 2030. The need to look for new resources therefore has

never been greater than now.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF (UNCLE BEN SNAIL PROCDUCTION)

Uncle Ben snail production is a business organization that was established

with the aim of providing snails for human consumption in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State

and its environment. The company started its operation on 10 th may, 2003 with

location at no 15 Aba Iyamedi Street, Ilawe Road, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State.

The Managing Director and Chief Executive (MD/CEO) of the business

outfit is Mr. Olayemi Benjamin. He said that the business stated with capital of

three hundred thousand naira (N300, 000.00) source through personal savings.

The objectives of the proprietor Mr. Olayemi Benjamin was that he should

be able to be self-employed if he could properly manage the business and he also

will be able to employ others who could not get employment after school due to
the level of unemployment in the country. Also he should be able to provide snail

for people within the state and throughout the country by doing this, he will be able

to contribute to the growth of economy of the state and also improve the standard

of living of the people.

The nature of the business is snail farming. This type of business is

becoming more attractive because it can be established with little capital and it

could be done at the proprietor own convenience and the business is very

profitable. At the beginning, five members of staff were employed. With time the

numbers rose to twenty as the firm grew in size. The equipment in the firm include:

Generator, pipe, Net, tank, tap, food for the snail as well as the storage facilities.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

Unemployment and its negative effects especially among young school

leavers is the concern of this work. This is because as at 2010 according to the

national population commission more than half of Nigeria population are under the

age of 30 [kami 2011] therefore it can be asserted that the economy of Nigeria is a

youth economy. Ekiti state is a case study of this research work it is no longer a

news that graduates of Ekiti State University, federal polytechnic Ado-Ekiti and

other institutions in this environs are still searching for job and are still roaming the

street looking for unavailable jobs. Some students finish their National Diploma

course and are not yet admitted for Higher National Diploma or even direct entry
into the university. It has been noted that most of them are doing nothing to improve

the development of the economy. Entrepreneurship or self-employment may be all

that is needed at this times

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this research work is to assess how the operation and

marketing of small scale business in Nigeria. Other objectives are:

1 Evaluating the possible ways of financing a small scale business

2 Assessing how small scale business man can distribute their goods to their

customers.
3 Evaluating the profitability of small scale business

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

In the light of stated objective which this study is set to achieve, the following

are the significance of the study:

It would help to examine the usefulness of small scale business in the economy

development of Nigeria.

It would also evaluate the impact of small scale business in Ado-Ekiti using

Uncle Ben Snail production as the case study.

1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Shell: Something resembling or likened to a shell because of its shape or its

function as an outer case. Or the hard protective outer case of a mollusc or

crustacea

Snail: A mollusc with a single spiral shell into which the whole body can be

withdrawn. (in metaphorical use) any person or thing that moves exceedingly

slowly.

Laying: Put down, especially gently or carefully.

Mollusca: Is one of the most diverse groups of animals on the planet, with at least

50,000 living species (and more likely around 200,000). It includes such familiar

organisms as snails, octopuses, squid, clams, scallops, oysters, and chitons.

Gastropoda: Any of numerous mollusks of the class Gastropoda,

characteristically having a single, usually coiled shell or no shell at all, a ventral

muscular foot, and eyes and tentacles located on a distinct head, and including the

snails, slugs, cowries, and limpets.

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

In pursuance of the objective of the study; attention shall be focused on small scale

In order to conduct an empirical investigation into the adoption of snail production

in Nigeria small scale system.

The researcher is faced with various limitations; balancing the research work with

academics is a difficult task, also Inadequacy of information regarding

household/family violence in Nigeria. Gathering of relevant research materials was

also not easy. However, all these limitations did not affect the validity and result of

our findings.

In view of the technicalities involved, it would be unrealistic to assume that all

necessary facts have been gathered in the process of the study. Information to be

gathered will be limited to those accesses and made available by the respondents

and also those gathered from end users. However, the impacts of any limitation

will be reduced to the dearest minimum.

Time is a major factor to the researcher as research of this kind requires enough

time in gathering of data.

Finally, finance will be the most limited factor, in spite of this the researcher have

to board out to the sampled organization to interview some of the staff, managers

and supervisors.
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 CONCEPTUAL

Small business has no definite definition which we can use to define it. It

was small business because each definition corrects to be objective is working

towards the adopted definition of different purpose of definition such as number of

employee good size volume of seals invested capital number volume, the output

size of the market.

The company and allied matter decree NO 1 [1990] in section 367 (c)

defined a small company as one of which;

I. Its asset value is not more than 1million

II. The amount of its turn for year is not more than 2million.

The central bank in its credit guidance to commercial bank [1991] defined a small

enterprise as establishment whose annual turnover does not exceed #25million

The federal ministry of industries in 1973 defined a small scale business

enterprise as all manufacturing unit with a total capital investment of up to #60,000

and paid employment of up to 50 people. However, due to changes in economic

condition particularly with the introduction of structural adjustment programme to

 the economy it has redefined a small scale industry as those industries with

investment of between one hundred thousand naira [#100,000] and two million

naira [#2,000,000] exclusive of land but including working capital.

The federal government of Nigeria in 1972 defined small scale business as

business with an initial capital of which falls within the range of six thousand naira

and fifty thousand naira later in 1975, it was increase to between five thousand

naira and two hundred and fifty thousand naira.

People bank of Nigeria [PBN]; Define small scale business as enterprises

with an initial capital investment above five hundred thousand naira

II.2 HISTORY OF SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISE IN NIGERIA

Prior to the late 19th century, cottage industry mostly small and medium scale

business controlled the economy of Nigeria. The industrial revolution changes the

status quo and introduce mass production. The oil during the 1970s under

determined the mass production model which triggered the expected reappraisal of

the role and importance of small scale and medium sized enterprises in the global

economy. Findings by economist over the year show that the small firms and

entrepreneurship play much more importance in economic growth and

development Ralpho Eze Okonkwo 20002

 Many economies developed and developing have realize the value of small

scale business they are characterized by dynamism with innovation and efficiency.

Their small size allows for faster decision making process.

Government all over the world have realized the importance of this category

of companies and have formulated comprehensive public policies to encourage

support and found the establishment of small scale enterprises.

II.3 THE IMPACT OF SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES ON NIGERIA

ECONOMY

Small scale enterprise has numerous impact on Nigeria economy which

would be highly emphasized. these enterprises have been identified as the means

identified as the means through which the rapid industrialization and other develop

mental goals in Nigeria can be realized. This particular project explores the

achievement of small scale enterprises [SSE] sector in Nigeria and the impact of

government internal and external support institution have played in promoting the

sector. The policy will assist policy maker, development agencies and business

organizations to ascertain the appropriate strategy to improve the small scale

enterprise sector

Small scale enterprise in developing countries such as Nigeria, china, Ivory

coast etc serve as engine through which the growth objectives of developing
 countries can be achieve has long been recognized. It is estimated that small scale

enterprises employ 22percent (22%) of the adult population in developing

countries. The sector employs about 49.5% of higher employment growth than

macro and larger scale enterprises. In Nigeria the sector output as a percentage of

GDP, accounted for 16% of GDP in 1998.

II.4 GOVERNMENT IMPACT ON SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES

Government in an attempt to strengthen the response of the private sector to

economic reforms undertook a number of measures.

Prominent among them is the setting up of private sector advisory group and

abolition of the manufacturing industries act 1791 [Act356] which repeated a

number of price control law and the investment code of 1983 [PNDC LAW116]

which seek to promote joint venture between foreign and local investors. In

addition to the above legislation instrument on immigration quota which grant

automatic immigration quota for investors has been enacted. Beside certain

technology transfer, regulation have been introduced.

II.5 THEORETICAL
II.6 SMALL BUSINESS AND FINANCE.

Financial management entails planning for future of a person or business

enterprise to ensure a position cash flow. It includes the administration and

maintenance of financial assets, besides financial management covers the process

of identifying and maintenance asset, it also deals with the management risk

The primary concern of financial management is the assessment rather than

techniques of financial qualification. Financial managers look at the available data

to judge the performance of enterprises. Managerial finance is inter disciplinary

approached that borrow from both managerial accounting and corporate finance.

Some expert refers to financial management as the science of money

management. The primary usage of the term is in the world of financial business

activities. However financial management is important at all levels of human

existence because every entity needs to look after it finances.

SOURCES OF FINANCE

Non ownership capital includes funds raised from lenders, such as bank and

creditors companies typically borrow a fixed amount from a bank at a

predetermine interest rate and with a fixed repayment schedule certain bank

account offer overdraft facilities.

This is used by companies to meet their short term fund requirement as they

usually come at a high interest rate.

 Factoring enables a company to raise funds using its outstanding invoice.

The company typically receives about 85 of the value of the invoice from the

sector. This method is more appropriate for overcoming short terms cash flow

issues.

Hire purchase allows a company to use assets without immediately paying

the complete purchasing price. Trade credits enable a company to obtain products

and service from another firm and pay them later.

The owners of our tradition fashion design company saves certain amount

when he was yet an apprentice along with the help of his parent

II.7 SMALL SCALE BUSINESS PRODUCTION

Planning implementation and control of industrial production process to

ensure smooth and efficient operation production management techniques are used

in both manufacturing and service industries production management

responsibilities includes the traditional men and women, machine method, material

and money.

Managers are expected to maintain efficient production process with a

workforce that can readily adapt to engineering and schedule

 They may use industrial engineering method such as time and motion

studies for managing both physical (raw) materials and information paper work or

electronic documentation of their duties involving inventory control is the most

important, this involve treating all components part material and general suppliers.

Production management however deals with the planning, organizing,

coordinating, directing and controlling of production process. It is the

transportation of input materials into a desired output that satisfy customer needs.

Ultimately, the objective of the production process is to create goods and

services to meet the needs and want of the customers.

The needs and want of the customers will be met if a business can produce

the correct number of products in shortest possible time to the best quality and all

at a competition price. However, the management of our tradition fashion design is

facing some challenges in their production management which is as a result of the

following.

I. Inadequate power supply

II. Inadequate worker etc
II.8 SMALL BUSINESS MARKETING

The term marketing has different definition from different authors but all

these definitions are aimed at finding out the needs of the customers and a way of
satisfying them either collectively or individually. Some of this definition will be

adopted in the course of this study.

According to Kotler and Armstrong (2008, P.29) define marketing as a social

and managerial process by which individuals and organizations obtain what they

need and want through creating and exchanging value with others.

Marketing is also define as the process of planning and executing the

conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to

create exchange and satisfy individual and organization objectives (IMA,2003)

The process by which companies create value for customers and build a

strong customer relationship in order to capture value from customers in it, is also

the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying

customer requirement profitable (CIM2001).

Etzel, walker and Stanton (2007,P.6) viewed marketing as a total system of

business activities design to plan, price, promote and distribute want satisfying

products to target markets in order to achieve organizational objectives.

MARKETING MANAGEMENT

Marketing management is a business discipline which is faced on the

practical application of marketing techniques and the management of a firm

marketing resources and activities rapidly margin fiercest of globalization have

compelled firm to market beyond the border of their home country, marketing

international marketing policy, highly significance and integral part of a firms

marketing strategy.

Marketing managers are often responsible for influencing the level timing

and composition of customers demand accepted definition of terms. Part of this is

been use the role of team in part, this is because the role of a marketing manager

can vary significantly based in a business size corporate and industry contest, for

example in a large customer product company the marketing manager may act as

the overall general manager of his assigned product.

To create an effective cost efficient marketing management objectives

understanding of their own business and the marketing management often overlap

with threw related discipline of strategies planning.

Marketing management majority concerned with the planning, organizing,

directing and controlling its marketing activities in dealing with marketing

management there are 4Ps of marketing which is regarded as marketing mix i.e.

1. Product
2. Price
3. Promotion
4. Place.
 The product is important element of company marketing mix. It is the thing

which provides satisfaction to want of customer formally defined a product as a

bundle of utilities consisting of various product exists to confirm certain benefit for

the user.

TYPES OF PRODUCT

Product can be broadly categories or classifies as industrial and consumer

product depending on the will they are brought.

i. Industrial product: These are those that are brought for the purpose of being

used in the commercial production of other product which includes raw-

materials, mutilations fabricated parts and operation supplies such as

lubrication and satisfaction items.

ii. Consumer product: on the other hand are those product which are purchase

for the purpose of consumption by the ultimate user. Example of consumer

product include milk, shoe, perfume etc however if the milk where to be

used in the preparation of teas which will be sold, then become an industrial

product.

PRICE: In ordinary usage price is the quantity of payment or compensation given

from one party to another price can sometimes attentively refer to the quality of
payment offered by a buyer of goods or services although offered by buyer is more

common in asset or financial market than in consumer markets.

PROMOTION: These is one of the four element of marketing mix (product, price,

promotion and place). It is the communication link between sellers and buyers for

purpose of influencing, informing or persuading a potential for purchasing

decision.

The following are two types of promotion:

i. Above the line promotion: promotion in the media e.g television, radio,

newspaper, internet, mobile phone etc in which the advertiser pays an

advertising agency to place on particular media

ii. Below the line promotion: all other promotion much of this is intended to

be subtle enough for the consumer to be unaware that promotion is taking

place e.g sponsorship product placement endorsement, sales promotion

merchandising direct mail, personal selling, public relation, trade shows.

These elements are personal selling and publicity. A promotion mix

specifies how much attention to pay to each of the five sub categories and
 how much money to budget for each fundamentally there are three basic

objectives of promotion which include:

1. To present information to the customer
2. To increase demand of their product goods and services. Element of

marketing mix refer s to channel of distributing the product to the right

channel if it is not sell very well, the place of sales could be consumers,

unless the brand loyalty for the product is extremely high, consumer often

willing to buy a substitute product if their preferred brand as not referred to

as the aggregate of the following constitution and transportation.

2.9 SMALL SCALE BUSINESS PROFITABILITY.

Profitability is the primary goal of all business ventures without profitability the

business will not survive in the long run. Profitability is the ability of a business to

earn a profit. It is measured with income and expenses every small and medium

scale business aimed at profit making.

 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 METHODOLOGY

This chapter tries to show us an overview of the various ways to collect data

and the instrument used for such data. It is also tells the reader exactly how the

study was carried on. Although, there are many sources by which information can

be acquired that is open to an interviewer, the source are: questionnaire, personal

interview, observation etc. however, it is left for the collector to select the most

suitable among the various sources. This study is based mostly on the review of

operation and marketing of small scale business.

3.1 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE PROPRIETOR

Mr Olayemi Benjamin was born in the year 1988 hes a native of Ado Ekiti,

he attended St paul Anglican primary school Ado and processed to Baptist

Comprehensive High School Ado. And then to The Federal Polytechnic Ado Ekiti

where he studied Business Administration and Management.

He learned the job of fashion designing during his secondary school days

under Mr Orese at Okesa Ado. He finished his apprenticeship in 2007 and

established his own business in 2008 which his effort to gain admission into

Higher institution proved abortive, he started his business through the assistance of

his parent and through personal savings.

 Discouragement at initial stage;

The first discouragement came from some customer whereby they refused to

pay up the agreed price for the service render to them. i.e the product sold for

them.

Secondly, lack of staff, i.e lack of workers made him overlabored at time.

3.2 SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION

There are two (2) major service of data collection;

1. Primary and
2. Secondary data

The writer makes use of primary collection in the process of conducting the

research.

The primary sources of data collection are information that is generated

specifically for the purpose of this research work. In this study, data were get from

personal interview, observation and questionnaire.

3.3 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The major instruments used for data collection on this research work are

personal interview, observation and questionnaire.

 PERSONAL INTERVIEW: - The writer made personal interview to the

Director of Our tradition fashion Designer and the spot observation of activities of

workers, face-face interview were conducted to get more facts about the

organization.

Under this very important method of collecting data, critical information which

deals with personal opinions, attitude and intention of the respondent was obtained.

All the data collected from Mr Olayemi Benjamin were related to the procedure of

managing the organization.

OBSERVATION:- Observation was made with reference to both the

workers as well as the office as a whole.

The observation made by the writer has enabled her gathered information about

background of the study and other information that are relevant.

QUESTIONNAIRE:- This comprises of questions usually printed to be

answered by a group of people to get facts or information about someone or

something.

In an attempts to have a sort of reliable and formidable write up, a

questionnaire was prepared in some intelligent questions about inventory generally

and problems were asked

 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 QUESTIONAIRE

This mode of data collection is used to supplement other sources of data collection.

Some carefully chosen questions closely related to the topic were asked from the

people contacted in order to put cogent information down in black and white by

respondents.

4.2 DATA PRESENTATION

The scope of this research is limited to the 50 questionnaires that were sent out for

completion by respondents. However, forty-three (43) were received out of which

three (3) were not appropriately filled. Hence, this presentation is based on

remaining forty (4) copies.

SECTION A

TABLE 1

Sex Distribution
Gender Number of respondents Percentage (%)
Male 13 32.50 %
Female 27 67.50%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

The table shows the number of gender involves in the research table. Male with

32.50 percent and Female with 67.50 percent, the total percent is 100.

TABLE 2

Age Distribution

Age Number of respondents Percentage (%)

20-24 1 2.50%
25-29 16# 40.00%
30-34 10 25.00%
35-40 13 32.5%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This table specifies the number of respondent according to their various age

interval. 20-24 has a total of 2.50%, 25-29 with 40.00% and 25.0%, 32.5% of 30-

34, 35-40 years respectively.

TABLE 3

WORK EXPERIENCE OF RESPONDENT

Experience number of respondent percentage (%)

0-3 20 50.00%
4-7 16 40.00%
8-11 4 10.00%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

The above table shows the details of experience of the respondents in percentage.

20 respondents between 0-3 years of experience, 16 respondents between the

interval of 4-7 years and 8-11 years of experience with 4 number of respondents.

SECTION B

TABLE 1

How many graduates in Nigeria today are well employed after graduation from its

institution?

Employed Number of respondent Percentage (%)

Less than 5% 29 72.50%
50% 8 20.00%
More than 50% 3 7.50%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This analysis shows that less than 50% of Nigerian graduates are unemployed. This

evident in the rate of unemployment, and under-employment rampant all over the

country.

TABLE 2

Does Small Scale Business contribute to Nigeria economy?

Response Number of respondent Percentage
Yes 34 85.00%
No 6 15.00%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This implies that small scale contribute a lot to Nigeria economy.

Most small business initial capital are financed by personal savings or family

empowerment?

Response Number of respondent Percentage (%)

Yes 27 67.50%
No 13 32.50%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This means that small business initial capital is financed by personal savings and

family empowerment. The table shows the response of the respondents, the number

of respondent that says YES is 27 and the number of respondent that says NO is 13

with 67.50 and 32.50 percent respectively.

TABLE 3

How do you see the development in Ekiti State in terms of governance and even

distribution of resources?

Response Number of respondent Percentage (%)

Good 2 5.00%
Average 14 35.00%
Poor 24 60.00%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This indicates that Ekiti State is poorly rated in term of development and

governance.

TABLE 4

Does small scale business create employment opportunity?

Response Number of respondent Percentage (%)

Yes 32 80%
No 8 20%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This implies that small scale business create employment opportunity.

TABLE 5

Do you think that small scale business can be used to improve the development of

Ekiti State and Nigeria in general?

Response Number of respondents Percentage (%)

Yes 32 80.00%
No 8 20.00%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017
It can be opined that investing in and encouraging small scale business will lead to

increases in development of the economy as shown above.

TABLE 6

Do you experience any difficulties in acquiring the capital needed for your

business?

Response Number of respondent Percentage (%)

Yes 28 70%
No 12 30%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This indicates that some businessmen experiences difficulties in acquiring the

capital needed for their business. This is because our government are not

encouraging the small scale business in Nigeria by giving them money to finance

their business.

TABLE 7

Has government provided adequate infrastructure e.g. good roads and power

supply so as to favour business organization in terms of their production and

distribution of goods?

Response Number of respondents Percentage (%)

Yes 15 37.50%
No 25 62.50%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

Although government may be trying to provide infrastructure, their trial is way not

enough. This is glaring in the analysis of the data above that about 63% says

government has not provided adequate infrastructure.

TABLE 8

Do you prefer working for yourself (self-employed) or others (government or

private sectors)?

Response Number of respondents Percentage (%)

Yes 23 57.50%
No 17 42.50%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

It is evident that more people prefer to work for themselves instead of others. This

is because they want to have control of their time, resources and investment. 23

respondents are self-employed while 17 respondents are working for

government/private sector.
TABLE 9

Are you willing to be a manager?

Response Number of respondent Percentage (%)

Yes, Now 16 40.00%
No, Later 24 60.00%
Never - -
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

This underscores the fact that most people although like the concept of small scale

business, still does not want to go into it now, believing they will do that after

earning fat salaries for some consecutive time.

TABLE 10

Can you encourage others to be self-employed?

Response Number of respondent Percentage (%)

Yes 30 75%
No 10 25%
Total 40 100
Source: Field work 2017

Definitely, 75% of the people is willing and able to be self-employed because of its

advantages and relevance to economic development.

4.2 MARKETING PROCESS UNCLE BEN SAIL PRODUCTION

This involve searching for prospect (customers who is willing to engage in

exchange of value) in the markets and means of distributing goods and services to

them without any delayed.

According to personal information obtain from Uncle Olayemi Benjamin the

sole proprietorship of Uncle Ben Snail production he said, he started the marketing

activities after gaining some customer by fixing price of his items based on the

quality and the style desired by the customers and also use his apprentice to

distribute their product to their customers.

Other information on marketing process in Uncle Ben is that they depend on

information from their customers requirements.

4.3 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

By way of bringing up all points together, this analysis of data presented shows

that people in Nigeria understand the concept of small scale business and its

relevance to the development of economy and the problem facing their

performance and its operational management still people do not want to go into it

because of fear of loss, insufficient capital, irregular power supply, inadequate

infrastructure (water, good road etc.), lack of focus, over concentration on one or

two markets for finished products, poor managerial skill, inability to separate
business and family or personal, finances, inability to separate revenue profit and

lack of full support from government.

Some are also expecting to earn fat salaries from employment before starting

their own business which may not be available for many people. These are some

reasons why this research work is cogent.

 CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 SUMMARY

This research work has clearly explained the roles played by small scale

business in Nigeria economy as well as in the development of any nation. It has

shown that small scale business provides employment for thousands of people in

Nigeria who were unable to get government job this hoping to reduce the rate of

unemployment in Nigeria.

Moreover, opportunities are not available on the rock to be picked up at will,

but require specific in genuity, creativity and dedicated efforts. Young graduates

should therefore, be free to grab opportunities to engage in business ventures,

creating jobs rather than waiting for already created jobs by their colleagues.

5.2 CONCLUSION

Small scale business elucidates opportunities recognition and idea

generation which leads to higher and wider productivity in Nigeria.

Still, Nigeria still rank among the least developed nation in the world despite

the myriads of available opportunities. Many Nigerian youths are not motivated by

a need of autonomy and independence through dint of hard work. And until
Nigeria begin to see themselves as potential successful business executives and

until they are challenged by a desire for autonomy and independence through hard

work, Nigeria will be entrepreneurially backward and her economic growth and

development may be stunted. Therefore, government should give the needed

financial assistances and encouragement along with training to individuals who are

ready and willing to become a manager or to be elf employed. pace setters and can

be encourage to embark more on economic development of Nigeria, However, any

country that refuses to support small scale and medium scale enterprise cannot

grow and developed economically because it has been established in this research

work that small scale business is like the pillars upon which Nigerias economy is

resting.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION

Due to the important role played by small business organization inn our

economy, it renders them in extricable from the world.

But notwithstanding, certain factors threatens the survival or existence of

small business organization with particular regard to Our Traditional Fashion

Designer, which have to be daily assessment and solutions to the threating

problems faced by them.

5.3.1 RECOMMENDE SOLUTION TO PRODUCTION PROBLEM

To solve production problems, help should be granted to small scale

business organization to provide every necessary raw material that the business

organization need for their production process and the employee should try as

much as possible to make themselves available to work effectively and efficiently

in order to carry out their target.

Also, machine that will be used for production should be prepared available

for use.

5.3.2 RECOMMENDED SOLUTION TO MARKETING PROBLEM

To solve marketing problem, there should be fixed price on a particular

product, other competitors cannot sell at lower price and the company will not lose

customers and the price cannot affect one company negatively and affect other

company positively.

5.3.3 RECOMMENDED SOLUTION TO FINANCIAL PROBLEM

The recommended solution to financial problem is that, the government

should try as much as possible to help small scale and medium scales enterprise in

Nigeria, in order to expand their business. Government should endeavor to give

loan to the small scale business managers and as well reduce the interest rate on the

loan.

Finally, government should create more opportunities or effective programs

alongside efficient agencies that will guide, encourage and create business

ventures, so that individual can follow suits.

 REFERENCES

Adediran K.T. (2007), Management theory and practice Ado-Ekiti, omobala

Educational publishers ltd p.g. 6

Akinwamide J.J. (1998), principle of Marketing and practice of Management Ado-

Ekiti, omolayo publishers ltd.

Etzel, Walker and Stanton (2007) Marketing theory

Olowe O.F. (2001), Principle and practice of management Ado-Ekiti, Toluwani

publishers

Ralpho Eze Okonkwo (1972), the role and importance of small scale business.

The company and Allied matter decree no 1 (1990)

The Federal Ministry of industry (1973)

The Federal Government of Nigeria (1975)