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Howell
T
_
Figure 4.16 Momentum and heat transfer over a wedge with an unheated starting length.
4.7 Integral Method Chapter 4: External Convective Heat
and Mass Transfer
4
Advanced Heat and Mass Transfer by Amir Faghri, Yuwen Zhang, and John R. Howell
The governing boundary layer equation for mass, momentum and energy
for constant property, steady state and laminar flow including boundary
conditions for convective heat transfer over a wedge are presented below:
Continuity equation
u v
+ =
0 (4.151)
x y
Momentum equation
u u 2u dU
u +v = 2 +U (4.152)
x y y dx
Energy equation
T T 2T
u +v 2
= (4.153)
x y y
Boundary conditions
u ( 0, x ) = 0
v ( 0, x ) = v (4.154)
u ( , x ) = U ( x )
T ( , x ) =
T
T ( 0, x ) T
= for x < X 0
T ( 0, x ) Tw
= for x > X 0
v =
vw + U
d
dx x ( udy )
0 (4.160)
0 x
dy +
0 y
dy = 0 U dx dy + 0 y2 dy (4.162)
0
u 2
x
dy + Uvw + U 2
d
dx
U
x ( 0
)
udy =
w + U
0
dU
dx
dy
(4.164)
where
u
w = (4.165)
y 0
is the shear stress at the wall.
2 u u u dU w + Uvw
x 0 U U
0
U 1 dy + 1 dy U = (4.167)
U dx
0 x
dy +
0 y
dy =
0 y 2
dy (4.170)
T
x 0
u ( T T ) dy +
(
0
T
udy)dT
dx
qw
= + vw ( Tw T )
cp
(4.172)
2 u w
u
U 1
dy = (4.173)
x 0 U
U
T qw
( )
x 0
u T T dy = (4.174)
c
p
Lets assume the polynomial velocity profile is third degree with the
following boundary conditions.
u ( 0) = 0 (4.175)
u ( ) = U
(4.176)
u
=0
y y = (4.177)
2u
=0 (4.178)
y 2 y =
d 39U
2
3 U
= (4.181)
dx 280 2
2T
=0
y 2 y =T (4.189)
T 3 k
qw =
k = (Tw T ) (4.191)
y y =0 2 T
T 1 u T T y
( ) ( )
x 0 0 U Tw T
u T T =dy U T T
d
x T
w T
3 T 2 T 2
2 ( w
= 1 U T T )
x 20 14 (4.192)
qw 3
= = (Tw T )
c p 2 T
dx 14 Pr U (4.194)
Pr x0
1 3 3
3 4
= 1 (4.195)
1.026 x
4.7 Integral Method Chapter 4: External Convective Heat
and Mass Transfer
23
Advanced Heat and Mass Transfer by Amir Faghri, Yuwen Zhang, and John R. Howell
1 1
0.332 Pr 2 Re x 2
Nu x =
x 3
4
1
3 (4.198)
1 0
x
The above equation in this case with no unheated
starting length (=0) reduces to the exact solution
obtained by the similarity solution.
1 1
Nu x = 0.332 Pr Re x 2
2 (4.199)
4.7 Integral Method Chapter 4: External Convective Heat
and Mass Transfer
24