Roll No.

Name: Section:

EE 340A: Electromagnetic Theory Max Marks: 60

March 1, 2017 Duration: 120 min
Mid-semester Examination
Marks Obtained
A B C D Total

You are allowed to use handwritten material

Please answer all the questions in the space provided in this question paper itself.
There are 12 questions and ____ pages in this booklet.

Section A: [3+1+11]
1. What is the difference between the input impedance and the characteristic impedance with
reference to a transmission line? Under what condition would they be the same?

+ +
= = +

+
0 = + =

Input impedance is equal to the characteristic impedance for an infinitely long lossless transmission
line or when the line is terminated in its characteristic impedance.

2. Under what condition the velocity factor of a uniform lossy transmission line is independent of
frequency?

Distortion Free Line:

=

3. A matching system shown in the following figure consisting of a 75 quarter-wave transmission

line and a short circuited shunt stub is used to match a load impedance of 35 to a line of
characteristic impedance 50. Determine the length (l) of the stub and the distance (d) between
the load the quarter-wave transformer. Determine two possible solutions using Smith Chart.

75 50 Load:
50 Length: d 35
Length:

50
Length: l

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 752
Impedance at the end of quarter wave line is: = = 112.5, Normalized admittance: =
50
1
= 0.4444. (Point S in the Smith Chart). Draw a constant SWR circle passing through S.
( )
50
1
= + = 35 + = 1.43 + . Draw constant conductance circle passing through
( )
50
g=1.43. Intersection of these two circles gives the two possible load admittances.

Solution A: = 1.43 0.9; = 0.188; Stub susceptance: -j0.9, which corresponds to =

(0.384 0.25) = 0.134

Solution B: = 1.43 + 0.9; = 0.311; Stub susceptance: +j0.9, which corresponds to =

(0.25 + 0.116) = 0.316

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Section B: [4+11]
4. Identify the correct response for the voltage at the input of the transmission line for the following
two circuits from the responses given.

Voltage is shown in Figure _____________ Voltage is shown in Figure _____________

(A) (B) (C) (D)

5. Two transmission lines are connected back to back as shown in the following figure.

Rs=50 A Z0 Open
Vs 50
Delay: 1s Delay: 1s Circuit
A

One of the lines has a characteristic impedance of 50 and is connected to a source with a source
impedance of 50. The other line has a characteristic impedance of Z0 and is terminated in open
circuit. Both the lines have a one way delay of 1s.

(a) The voltage at terminal A-A for Vs=10 u(t) V is shown in the following figure.

Determine (i) Z0 and (ii) voltage V1.

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 At = 2: = + + 1 + = 5(1 + 1 ) = 3.75; 1 = 0.25
2 = 1 = 0.25; 1 = 1 + 1 = 0.75; 2 = 1 + 2 = 1.25
050
1 = 0+50 = 0.25; 0 50 = 0.25(0 + 50);
50 12.5
0 = = 30
1.25

At = 4: 1 = + + 1 + + 1 2 + = 5(1 0.25 + 0.75 1.25) = 8.4375

(b) If the source voltage has the following waveform, determine the voltage at the terminals A-A
for a time duration of 0 to 5s.

3.75V 8.4375
V

-10V
-7.5V
-16.875V

5V 4.6875V
3.75V
1.25V

-5V -1.25V
-4.6875V

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Section C: [2+4+9]

6. Under what condition does the field = cos( ) satisfy the wave equation? Can it
represent the electric field of an electromagnetic wave propagating in a charge free medium?
Justify your answer.

2 + 2 = 0

2 2 + 2 = 0

= sin 0

Maxwells equation for a source free region is not satisfied. Therefore, it cannot represent the
electric field of an electromagnetic wave.

7. In order to reduce the attenuation of a waveguide operating at 1800 MHz, an engineer decided to
apply a coating of silver ( 6.14 10 7 S/m ). Calculate the thickness of the coating so that the
electric field is reduced by 40 dB below that at the surface.

1 skin depth () attenuates the signal by e 20 log10 e dB 8.69dB

To achieve 40 dB attenuation we need a coating of thickness = 40/8.69 = 4.6 skin depths

1
Skin Depth, 1.54 m
= 1.514m
f

Thickness of coating = 4.6 1.514 m = 7m

8. A plane wave is incident normally on a lossless dielectric slab (r = 4, thickness = 9 mm), the
other side of which is covered by a PEC. If the frequency of the wave is 2 GHz, calculate the
position of the first minimum of the electric field from the air-dielectric interface.

Plane PEC
Wave

Air

Air-dielectric Dielectric
interface Slab

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Section D: [2+2+5+6]
9. Show that TEM mode cannot be supported in a single conductor hollow metal tube.

In a single conductor hollow tube, the magnetic field forms a closed loop.
Amperes law: = + implies that close loop integral along the magnetic field is equal
to the current flowing through the surface. Since the waveguide is hollow, it cannot support
conduction current. Therefore, for this equation to be satisfied there should be longitudinal
displacement current, which means the electric field cannot be transversal to the direction of
propagation. Hence TEM mode is not supported.

10. Compare the physical significance of cutoff frequency in a parallel plate waveguide with that in a
dielectric slab waveguide?

In a parallel plate waveguide, at cutoff frequency, the waves bounce back and forth between the
conductors and no propagation happens along the guide.

In a dielectric slab waveguide, at cutoff frequency, =0. The waves do not attenuate in the space
outside the slab as one moves away from the slab along the direction perpendicular to it. Thus, the
waves are no longer bound to the dielectric slab.

11. A parallel plate waveguide consists of two infinite conductors placed at y=0 and y=100 mm. A
plot of the electric field is shown in the following figure. Identify the mode. What type of
boundary condition is satisfied at y=50mm? On the same figure, plot the surface current.

Mode: TM2
PEC boundary at y=50 mm.

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12. For a parallel plate waveguide with the plates separated by b=50 mm and supporting TM1 mode,
the attenuation constant due to the conducting losses in the plates is given by:
2
= /
2

1 ( )

where the symbols have their usual meaning. Determine the frequency at which the attenuation
constant is a minimum. What is value of the minimum attenuation constant if = 5.8 107 /
?

2
2 = 2 = ( )

= 1; = 50 103
1 1
= 3
= 3
2 50 10 0 0

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Minimum attenuation occurs at:

= 3 109 3 = 5.29

2
= 1.619

2 4 107 3 109
= 1.619 = 2.46 103 /
376.73 50 103 5.8 107

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