Kinematics and dynamics

2nd half of semester

Lecture note #5: force and acceleration
(rigid body)
Dr. Eng. Radon Dhelika
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Syllabus
Kinematics:
Properties of motion: position, velocity, acceleration
NO force
Dynamics
To study the interaction between those properties
Involving force, work, energy, impulse, etc

1. Particle: force and acceleration

2. Particle: work and energy
3. Particle: impulse and momentum
4. Particle: collision and relative motion
5. Systems of particles
6. Rigid body: force and acceleration
7. Rigid body: work and energy
8. Rigid body: impulse and momentum 2
Schedule (tentative)
Lecture No Topic
1 (5 April) Intro, Newton's second law, friction
2 (7 April) Friction, forces in circular motion
3 (12 April) Work, kinetic energy
4 (14 April) Power, gravitational and elastic potential energy
5 (19 April) Gravitational and elastic potential energy (2)
6 (21 April) Quiz 1 (10%), Impulse + momentum (1)
7 (26 April) Impulse + momentum (2) (self study)
8 (28 April) Quiz 2 (10%), Moment of inertia
9 (3 Mei) Torque (1)
10 (5 Mei) Libur
11 (10 Mei) Quiz 3 (10%), Torque (2)
12 (12 Mei) Angular momentum
13 (17 Mei) Quiz 4 (15%) 3
Quiz #1 result
Those who scored 100:
Abdul Hakim Muzakki
Ade Luthfi
Aditya Hartawan
Adjie Fahrizal Sandi
Ahmad Alfan Farizi
Miftah Shidqi Ramadhan
Yusuf Abdurrakhman Saleh

4
Moment of inertia
A rotating rigid body consists of mass in motion, so it has
kinetic energy.
We can express this kinetic energy in terms of the bodys
angular speed and the moment of inertia, that depends
on the bodys mass and how the mass is distributed.
The word moment means that I depends on how the
bodys mass is distributed in space
determines the torque needed for a desired angular
acceleration about a rotational axis

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Moment of inertia (2)

Unit: kg.m2

Rotational kinetic energy, expressed in terms of moment of inertia

The greater the moment of inertia, the greater the kinetic energy of a
rigid body rotating with a given angular speed

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Moment of inertia (3)

Moment of inertia of various bodies

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Solved problem 1
A machine part consists of three disks linked by lightweight
struts. (a) What is this bodys moment of inertia about an
axis through the center of disk A, perpendicular to the
plane of the diagram? (b) What is its moment of inertia
about an axis through the centers of disks B and C? (c)
What is the bodys kinetic energy if it rotates about the axis
through A with angular speed = 4 rad/s
Ans:
(a) 0.057 kg.m2
(b) 0.048 kg.m2
(c) 0.46 J

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Solved problem 1

a.

b.

c. 9
 Trivia: Tightrope walker
Why does a tightrope walker need to
carry a heavy pole?
20 kg

How can you posibly cross

this river?

2 keywords: moment of
inertia, center of gravity
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Solved problem 2
We wrap a light, nonstretching cable around a solid
cylinder of mass 50 kg and diameter 0.120 m, which rotates
in frictionless bearings about a stationary horizontal axis.
We pull the free end of the cable with a constant 9.0-N
force for a distance of 2.0 m; it turns the cylinder as it
unwinds without slipping. The cylinder is initially at rest.
Find its final angular speed and the final speed of the cable
Ans:
20 rad/s
1.2 m/s

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 Solved problem 2

We can solve by energy method, in which point 1 is when the cable

begins to move, and point 2 is when it has moved 2 m
From K1 + U1 + Wother = K2 + U2

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Solved problem 3
We wrap a light, nonstretching
cable around a solid cylinder
with mass M and radius R. The
cylinder rotates with negligible
friction about a stationary
horizontal axis. We tie the free
end of the cable to a block of
mass m and release the block
from rest at a distance h above
the floor. As the block falls, the
cable unwinds without
stretching or slipping. Find
expressions for the speed of
the falling block and the
angular speed of the cylinder
as the block strikes the floor.
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Solved problem 3

Since there is no friction

and other external forces
at play,

with

What happens if M<<m?

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Solved problem 4
A hollow cylinder has a
uniform mass density
with length L, inner
radius R1 and outer
radius R2. Using basic
equation below with
integration, find its
moment of inertia about
its axis of symmetry

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Solved problem 4

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