LUND - HUMPHRIES MODERN LANGUAGE READERS General Editor: B. Schindler, Px.D. GREEK BY E. WESANDER LONDON LUND - HUMPHRIES\& COMPANY LTD 12 BEDFORD SQUARE * W.C.IALL RIGHTS RESERVED COPYRIGHT 1943 by LUND HUMPHRIES & co. LTD. LONDON AND BRADFORD THIS BOOK IS PRODUCED IN COMPLETE CONFORMITY WITH THE AUTHORIZED ECONOMY STANDARDS ' VAT, Made and printed in Great Britain by PERCY LUND, HUMPHRIES & COMPANY LIMITEDstechert sae areeK PREFACE und Humphries’ Mopern Lancuace REApERs are intended to provide students with selections of reading extracts, frith such helps as complete Vocanutaries and Nores, so as fo enable them to acquire a sound knowledge of the languages jn question, The main feature of these Readers is the com- plete “word by word” Vocabularies whereby words occurring Fhore than once in a story are not repeated, thus making it necessary for students to memorise each word, ‘The students can start the Readers after they have familiarised themselves with the simple rules of the grammars of the respective languages. As regards the sequence of the texts, it is advisable for the average student to accept the order in ‘which the short stories appear, as they are graduated in accord- ance with the simplicity of the text, the easier stories coming first. I therefore recommend students to read the stories in the sequence as they appear in the book. More advanced students, however, may arrange the order as it pleases them, seeing that the Vocabularies have been kept on the same evel throughout. And now a few words about the texts themselves. They have been mostly taken from masters of the short story. Some of the authors are contemporary writers, such as the Russians, ZosucuenKo and TixuoNoy, or the Greeks, CACLAMANos and Kyxxoris, or masters of style like the Russians, TURGENYEV and Cuexuov, or the Poles, Henry« Stenxtewtcz and WE, Reymonr, the two Nobel prize winners—all known by the simplicity and directness of their language. ‘The carefully sclected reading extracts also provide excellent ‘material for the student to acquire fluency in speaking in good style. He can do so by reading the texts aloud, thus learning them by heart. In conclusion, 1 have only to express my hope that L.H. Mopern Lancuacr Reavers may do something to raise the standard of scholarship of foreign languages in this country, and so to work for a better understanding amongst the peoples. B. 8. * v ® asFOREWORD This selection of reading extracts, with vocabularies and notes, is intended for the ever-increasing number of students of Modern Greek who are desirous of acquainting themselves with the literary standards in vogue in Greece to-day. A casual remark was made the other day that it is very rare to come across a book dealing with more than one form of speech, that is, either the Literary Style or the Demotic. Grammarians and writers of Modern Greek manuals have, indeed, been following the trend of the authors in present-day Greece to show a preference for one or the other of the styles, and to adopt it as their standard. ‘The sign of the times is, however, the eventual creation of what we venture to term a “new” style or language—a standard National Greek. There are, in fact, certain indications of efforts being in progress to rid the Demotic of its multiple grammatical forms and to eliminate discordant and superfluous words, and is not at all unlikely that such a crystallizing process may, in the near future, adapt Demotic Greek—the only style well under- stood by everybody—for the position of the only recognized standard in Greece. In this Reader, as in the other L. H. Movrrw Lancuace Reapers, the main feature is complete vocabularies and exten- sive notes and grammatical elucidations to all the selected reading extracts. The order in which the extracts appear is recommended to the average student who, perhaps, for the first time ventures beyond the usual exercises, anecdotes, etc., in books for beginners. A more advanced student, however, may vary the order as he pleases, seeing that the vocabularies and notes have been kept on the same level throughout, the simplest. words being repeated and explained in each separate reading extract, ‘The material has been carefully selected to combine beauty of language with direct usefulness to the student. In addition to the styles already referred to in the foregoing, the more important dialects, the Epirote, the Cretan, and the Cypriote, are represented. vi‘The Byzantine translation of a passage in the “Cyropaedia” at the end of this volume is an example of the language current in mediacval times, It is generally held that Byzantine Greek jg not a corrupt form of Ancient Greck, but the precursor of ‘Modern Greck, and that it bears the same relation to the latter as does Chaucer to Modern English ‘My grateful acknowledgments are due to M. D. G. Caclamanos, Minister for Greece, for kindly permitting me to include his speech on the Byron Centenary; to Mr. I. Kykkotis for his essay “Attica” and his ingenious translations of the extract from Xenophon into Byzantine Greck, “pure” Modern Greck, and Demotic; to Mr. I. P. Chrysanthopoulos for his article *’The Etymology of the Word ‘God’ and the Appellations ‘of God,” and to Messrs. Percy Lund, Humphries & Co. Ltd. for publishing this volume in the face of war conditions. E, Wesanper, BOOKS OF REFERENCE I. Kyexoris: English-Greek and Greek-English Dictionary (Perey Lund, Humphries & Co. Ltd., London: 1942). A. Kyniaxiwes: Greek-English Dictionary (including Cypriote Vocabulary) (Athens: 1909). ‘A. Kyriaxiors: English-Greek Dictionary (Nicosia: 1910). _A. N. Grannaris: A Concise Dictionary of the English and ‘Modern Greck Languages (London: 1895), I. Penvanoctu: A Dictionary of the Greek and English Languages (Athens: 1904), K. Perraris: Neugriechische Konversations-Grammatik (Heidelberg: 1914). K. Perraris: A Handbook of the Modern Greek Spoken guage with Exercises (Heidelberg: 1921). H. C. Mutter: Historische Grammatik der Hellenischen Sprache: Zweiter Band—Chrestomatie (Leyden: 1892). vilCONTENTS Avraor rime Pace A, Cu, Psvinas ++ (0 Koveipis (“Kanaris") 2 Mi: Ke Sarmisasoromes, “HBseuE is Koplvtou othe Corinth’ Canal”) 4 Apamanrios Korals Roane nee Reet, ie D, G, Cactasanos "Ex fis mpomboeys ert 8 tf Toormplsi Too Sewsrrou ToU BU- poavos bv ovBives cuumdaioy “iis zens Arpiiou, 1934 B "rom the speech at the public lun- SC periiae trades on 2oo ‘April, 1924, to commemorate the Centenary. of Byron's death.) ‘Vinca Skvurrar *O_ Tpeansds méAenos: TS xeucodv Maher (The Trojan Wark "The Golden’ Apple” B Teprraaviioris 09 ‘Obvagiaos(“The ‘anderings of Ulysses”) 2 I. Kyxxoris we H “Artin (“Attica”) 1. 26 K, Lavorouros *Eraadbiov ik TOO ’AOnvaiKoy Mudicropiuaros M Goat (on Epo fom the Athen fan novel “Par to Foreign Lands") 35 Aruunas. Tantsount —.. “Erhy Tléipo” &x rol fpyou "Aor anor In Paros from. the Work “White Islands”) 6 I. P. Crrysanrioroutos ‘H trujohoyix ris Aégeos “Onde” wal Te trfderer Tod Osod (“The Etymology of the Word ‘God’ and the Appellations of God”) =. 50 Dion, Souomos “pwns as ey Bavtepow “Hymn to Liberty” 33 Manika Pres + Erhy Kim (To Crete”) 4 Pavtos Ninvanas Zeafis Sveipov (“Life's Dream”) .. 56 Gmiconos D. Xeorouros *H yi nal 8 Osvaros is "Apyu- pothas (The Life and Death’ of Krayrouta”) + o Gronatos Drosmis —_.. Oadagarvd TpayoU ("Song of the SINT an Uitcad: a cae M, Harzopoutos ++ THBpdon sis xépqs. ("The Foun- 68 tain of the Maiden”) Dimrratos P. TaNcoroutos Té gewémapov (“Autumn”) .. 72© Classical Greek Anoynoroutou .. Tepl rod anrfveros wis ony 5 ++ Rexgrépa (“Longing”) «+ Mijvuuc o78 otparidoen “is tprvow (ieee ibe She sows ess EANBOS BK TOU ryou “Aoyarexvixis Kpiaeis” (On. the question of the language in Greece to-day from the work “Literary Criticisms” «+ ae covaariK) Too, ueoxivn aac iodo ty Snyder al ‘Troinurrav fis Kpiyrns ord A.N, Tiawvépn) (“The Leper’s Bride”) in the collection of Cretan Tales and Poems by A. N. Giannaris ++ Tod OAdumrou “To Mt. Olympos”) + 10 “Aios Peaipeios (“St. George”) Zevogéavrostx tis Kupov Maabels A’ (Grom Xenophon’s “Cyropzedia I") Byzantine Greek, “Pure” "Modern Greek, }emotic) ix 78 84 86 38. 9»A SYNOPSIS OF MODERN GREEK PHONETICS Vowsis ‘There are five vowel sounds in Modern Greek, viz:— English a in father, bur shorter) written a. nn € » men, sell, fed) ah mee i (= French i ,, fini, quitter) WT Ye Ob UE, © » donner, fortune) 0,0 English u ,, pull, put, butcher), ov Vows, Lancrs ‘When having the stress, the Modern Greck vowels are slight! rotracted in sound, but there is not the same difference in long Beeween Tong and shore vowels as in English. Pnonenic Dirrioncs Properly speaking, there are no phonetic diphthongs in Modern Greek, but, especially in rapid speech, of (a0), of (00), and. eO in unstressed ' syllables are pronounced like. diphthongs. "Thu loomcaicés “Cevropaikén), European, Nats Clik) popular arotKss (aploikés), “simple,” “naive”; KeOnewn (Keifani). CoNsONANTAL VIN OU, &V, AV ‘ou, £u, nv are sounded av, ev, iv before vowels and the following \ sonsinans: ¥ 8. bh and ate bore 79.8 &, By. Examples: eeprev (Svrlon), to-morrow" coves), “noble; etrras (aftos), “he”; edkohos (ckolos), “eaoy”s ACeneS (iiksisa), “I increased.” Consonanrs ‘Modern Greek has altogether twenty-two consonant sounds, some of which are represented by digraphs in the present spelling of the language. kk (= the French unaspirated k-sound in ear, qui) written 8 (= French g in gout, égal)—in foreign and Demotic words—written re gh (= Spanish g in luego, German g in sagen) written y ¥ (a k-sound before the front vowels e and i, produced by ‘contact between the middle of the tongue and the top of the palate) written y (= English yin yes, yonder) sepresented in various ways 4714 X (= Scottish ch in loch) written x (= German ch in ich, Recht)—before the front vovrels © and written P (= French unaspirated p ir pas, pousser) writen 7 x(= French b in bas, baigner)—in the sound combina- _ © © tion mb and in foreign and Demotic words— written 7, ur “y (= English v in vase, vine, ever)—see also what hi © (Deen said above about consonantal Ui au, ey, n¥— fepresented by 8, (= English f in fat, fish, efficient)—see also the above remark about consonantal v— represented by 9, V toi, tapis) written T in the sound combination ‘nd and in foreign and Demotic words— written 7) vt dh ( = English th in that, father, bathe) written 8 (= English th in thatch, mathematics, bath) written @ (= English z in zeal, zone)—o becomes z before By Ys hv represented bY 3,7 neg (ng-+ x = English ng in finger, hunger) written yy (= Scottish trill r in a’ richt, bain, laird) written p m,n, 1, as in English. jote the pronunciation of the following: § = ks; Be ae ths to betencned Yolons 2 te Dovnis Consowanrs ‘As a rule, there is no difference in the pronunciation of double ‘and single consonants. In careful speech, however, a lengthening occurs in compound words, e.g., dcAnoia (ek-klisia), “church.” For yy, see remark under ngg in the above Table of Consonants. _ Puoneric CHANGES 1N ComprNaTions or Worps Words beginning with x, Tt, 6 Ys 7, which are, preceded by tév, thy, T&v (article or personal pronouns); &v, “if,” “whether”; Sy, “not,” and a few more from the Demotic, undergo certain ‘changes phonetically. An idea of this phenomenon may be gathered "from the following examples: vv xémou (Géngzgspon), “the effort”, Tv weheouy Ginesalosinin), “the kindness”; 2" nal Gngegs), Bien ify oy Toute (eom-oiména), “the shepherd”; Siy m0 (dhem-bino}, "Indo not dinky hv wUymy (nedigin), the for Line's Bey 16 xayahaypven(ahen-dé-hatalamvand),. “I do noe | understand”; tov Sivov (téng-ksénon), “the stranger,” “the guest”; Biv yaAA@ (dhém-psdlo), “I do not chant,” “I do not sing”; Thy _ totnn (tin-dzépi), “the pocket”—Demotic. Danone Prowuncrarios: “gai flowing words ay characteris ofthe Demoticpronunci- tion: yeaplze (garizo), "I bray" yrapioua (gitizma), Pbraying”™, Bice CadseaN aloyen"s BheGo’ henna Cicee™: aloSiveuch (ering) ets ee Cet, “petra ele an, hg arrives’, Yrerpés, (patra), “physician's Yuoh glass Tpeciente gablal, Resraos dome (huslon) ramen! xiTHE GREEK LANGUAGE OF TO-DAY ‘The revival of the national spirit in Greece in the eighteenth century, and the subsequent foundation of an independent and sovereign Greek kingdom in 1830, Ied to the cultivation of the rich Ianguage of the new-born nation. "Yet, striking phenomenon meets our eye. Two styles, vastly different in grammar and yocabulary, are vying with each other for preponderance and final acceptance as “National” Greek. ‘These are the Literary (or Purist) Style and the Demotic. Both have by now been widely used as literary mediums, and both possess a beauty approaching that of Ancient Greek and, in fact, typical of all Hellenic speech. ‘The Literary Style, the language of Korais and his followers, was the recognized official medium in Greece up to the end of the last century. It used to be almost a foregone conclusion in those times that, owing to its perfection in grammatical construction, this often so-called “written” language—in contradistinction to the “spoken” —was alone fitted for prose and serious purposes. ‘The Demotic had been adopted for patriotic and other forms of lyric poetry already in the twenties of the nineteenth century, an by its close many a writer of novels and short stories chose to substitute Demotie for “pure” style. ‘The example of prominent literary men like Nirvanas, Xenopoulos, and others has proved effective in the progress of the Demotic—perhaps in a somewhat tempered form—to gain ascendancy. MODERN GREEK DIALECTS Among the dialects mention may be made of the following: I. Fpirote (Epirus, N.W. Greece), the language of the Klephtic songs. ‘The chief characteristics of Epicote poctry are as Follows: 1) Use of the genitive for the dative, eg, yupiga tér° 6 © Ricoapos sat Kya Tod Ohdknou, At: Rnfvea then tune round, and speaks to Mt. Olympus”; tis 8éAcooos 76 elrre, “he skid it to the sea” (el. Demotie uetge with pervonal pronouns). (2) Occasional omission of the article, e.g., @ihaooa 1b elme 100 KoMoG (= Demotic xovmod), “the sea said it to the (3) Frequent use of contractions, e.g. T8u8e for 7 Eugde, “he learnt it”; vaBpO for ver copa, “that may find”; 70x for 78 fe, “I have it”; vauan for v& fu, “that I may be.” (4) Peeilliar forms, such as 0€ for Odo, “I wish”; +i for Biel, “iy; 8&9 for Eka, “outside”; 8x forts, “from”; wapayyoan, for mapayysAla, “order,” “command.” Il. Tzakonian, spoken by 8,700 people in the district of Kynouria in the Peloponnese, is now generally admitted to have pre~ served some peculiarities of the ancient Doric dialect, Thus: Bpova (<* spBHa <* épdicu) = elBov, “I saw”; Goo —GAéBeo, “T grind”; Koop — KASS, Kos, “well”; AME (Doric BAAS)’ = Exdayod, “elsewhere”; vi = adrSy, “him”; Erfve = fxclvos, “that tod = ov, “thou,” “you.” Other characteristics of this most interesting dialect: Provence, ‘The sound sh is of, frequent occurrence, eg ain (pron, spilt) — an, “house”; o'Kext (pron, Sikbed) ~ ovis, “liver” ‘oupe (pron. shkinggura) sea erouumroupas, “bumble-bee"y overn (pron. shati) = Guyerypy dausbeer's otve(oron, shina) — Og, rapana, SRaen moe. (pron. pase) = 1s, “all” SPERSH date wiehgue horke's ptxe (pron. ehished, “hai,” etc Puurat FORMATION cere acl 2 ES Rants See ee tee Weieadon gardener |) meppohdpiBe ioc oot Spo. Isee or Tsaw eer feet See ee ea Pee rte ms eer ame ties bapaivou T fade pee I faded Sane Te aoe Te eet aes aie Bivtgou Thope Bria’ T hoped Bpauivoou Trun papic Tran ‘ounty you I shake locheva I shook 11, Cretan, much employed in poetry in the seventeenth century, Tani a preference for the Dorie a for ty eg, cowie for sriia, “Rags” ete., and has preserved a number of Dorisms snd words fa isl ties, Pronunciation: Ye = (), ‘Meera (pants), “all's English j in woByie (poja), “feet, Bodyie Cidja), “teeth IV. Cypriote, occupying @ distinct place among Greek dialects, ‘PTrepresented in. poetry since Byzantine times, and also any folk tales are written in this form of Greek speech. Phe main features of this dialect are a copious vocabula genuinely local origin and loan-words from French, It fad ‘Turkish, Verbs in -vioxa are characteris Gialeet of Cyprus, eg, WAuvioxo — Adve, I wash”; Gewioxe = uve, “I remain.” In rural districts the pro- hhunciations ch for the palatal sound of x before ¢ and 1, and uh for the palatal sound of x before ¢ and 5, are common. The letter p for A occurs, in a few words, e.g. A AABe(O}, he came”; depqes for GBEAGSS for abehon, “sister,” ete. xiiMODERN GREEK LITERATURE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS Down to the close of the sixth century n.c», the Greck language vwas broken ‘up an dialects and suldintect: “The Age ot Begun the onsurpassed period in’ literature and ‘art broth ike Meee Dintect of Athens and Attica tothe fore, and itsoon gamed stead over the ret to become the only recognised prove Sater Ange Cad Ghoue 45ors00 ne) and “Alecandien Groce (ater og ney oh Inter an international and pethaps more elastic Kets of the ep ua, were the basis of Byzantine and’ Modern Greek, ‘The grammar of Classical Greek was highly complicated, and we naturally expect Modern Greek to be simples in tes nespect ae ip Suficent to mention here a few of the most aeiking pranentecd clunges, ‘The dual has long fre has been Feplaced by the accusative with or without s prepos'tions the sstenen G'special mood expressing mainly wish or posi} ine Pores extinct; the infinitive has been replaced by an equivalent, viz., the article sand the subjunctive; the negation Guy ies heen wabergated Eerthe Ancient Greek of, ous’ ovy, ands so far at Dessene ort concerned, there is now a noticeable preponderance of acuter feaina shimate and inanimate ‘The, characteriatc feature of the Byzantine period and four centuriep under Turkish rule was the low state of public education and the ignorance and apathy prevaling among al cases of sociery ‘hich benumbed literary acuity. ‘This “dark agein Greek tteratns vas by no means sterile. ‘The writings, however, were mediocre andot minor importance, being more or ley succensfl ltaions of ron models.” Extreme’ conservatism shackled one and all; and ait cee trters—even the best among them-cmade terrible blunders in teas Mtempes t0 copy Classiea forme and avatar Te was not until the end of the Turkish sway, inthe latter part of the eighteenth centuryy that Greck literature ae shaken ions i lethargy. ‘Three earnest, patriotic men now mace thee anpenanee They Were Hvgenios Vulgaris and’ Nikeforos: ‘Theotoieer woth natives of Corfu, and: Adamantios Korals, of Smyrna “the vive of the last-mentioned was long regarded asa pattern of “pure® Modern eae AAs soon as a novel phase of the Greek language was thus initiated, she he ofa maar ot poet niowonese, hatorany plang literary cites, eta, could be witnessed Sometimes react hos beet expressed that there is no Modem Greek, wrier of satetmntionns fame, and that the numbers of books published appeal to, Greeks only. Yet, the lover of Greece delights in reading te snllow poste and magic descriptions of lands and coast scenery, fahermen’ bose men, and ‘what not. Everything in it is truly Grech, patos Sanguine, enthuse at times, but never boistrown atten wanes lily, spl, end! eapecserticus OF recent years, however, Modern Greck literature has shown « tendency to Becotne more and more Westernised sn insoiation and form. ‘The newspaper language," “Oushh TAavou” Che standard), is a compromise between “pure” style and Demotic. xivA FEW REPRESENTATIVE GREEK AUTHORS oromos, Dionvsios (1788-1857), a prolific writer and the greatest “of Modern Greek poets. He was born in Zante, studied abroad Yor a number of years, and, on hie return to his netive land, ‘wrote his "Hymn to Liberty,” a lengthy poem, the first and Inst stanzas of which yrere to become the Greek National Anthem, B'few years later. He was the first of the “Ionian” school of poets of the early nineteenth century. His masterly treatment of the Demotic has hardly been surpassed. “Zasaxosras, Groncios (1805-58), an Epirote soldier poet who wrote in pure style and Demotic. gurseris, Groncios (1800-74), a native of Zante, poet, essayis Miramatist. His poetry is more epic in fort than that of his contemporaries. ‘TyPaxvos, Ioui0s (1814-83), of Cephalonia, merits a prominent place among Greck nineteenth-century poets for his“ A\éqopa ‘Tromjperra,” 2 collection of poems of fantasy. YVastiiapis, Seymipow (1845-74), « native of Patras, poet, and play- ‘aright. Fis collection of pocme "*Arrwal vores” deserves mentioning. Knvstavtis, Kostas D. (1808-94), an Epirote by birth, left at his _ MiYprematare death numbers of exquisite poems. ‘Twentieth Century: Drostis, Gronoi0s, an Athenian, for many years editor of the “TEstia” and othier newspapers. A. prolific writer (prose and Recta), and one. who occupies aprominent place among jodern Greek writers. Erratroris, Axcynis (pseudonym of K. Mihsilidis), of Mitylene, Shas painted the sea and the islands in his “Nnotdixes lovoples, ete. Gnvrans, I. N., one of the leading men in scholastic cizcles in Greece. Already when a young man, he was appointed essistant ‘master at the High School in Amphissa, the capital of the nomos SF Phokis. His ‘collection of poems Zkapopator val Teppex- és,” published in 1919, is reviewed in M. P. Agrypoulou’s FAoyorexvnds xpions” (1920). Kanxavirsss, ANpnzAs, born at Lekhena (Elis), a popular short ‘story writer. ~ Mankonas, Grnasinos, a Cephalonian by birth. Although born in The still wrote poetry in a youthful vein at the beginning of this century. Mrtas, SPvnos, of the Academy of Athens, well known for his publi- ‘ations of ‘biographies of personages of national renown. “He has tho written a number of plays, and is contributing daily to more than one Athenian newspape xv‘Ninvawas, Pavuos (pseudonym of P. Apostolidis), critic, playwright, poet, and champion of the Demotie style. Patawas, Kosris, a native of Patras—lyries, criticisms, PAPADIAMANDIS, ALEXANDROS, a popular Athenien poet and short story writer. Pasavannis, SPILtos G., from the Peloponnese, better known as a ‘prose writer than a’ poet, although a master in both. Prroutis, Spynos I, of Potamos (Corfu), a man of the people and shoemaker by trade. He possessed’ a natural gift for poetry, vd was still writing in the first decade of this century. Piriza, Manixa, a Cretan poetess of note. She wrote “Eriv Kpfirn.” Souris, Groncios, bom in Syra (the Cyclades) in 1852, connected with ‘number of literary journals and, from 1883, editor of the satirical ‘weekly "O Paounds (“The Modern Greek’), all inverse, which enjoyed great popularity in Greece and abroad. He died in 1919, Tutoroxis, KoxsraxriNos, a Corfiote, who preferred country life aaa eee eee, eet tae ‘ViaHos, AnceLos, an Athenian by birth, eritic, poet, and Shakespeare translator. Viacuovannts, a contemporary writer of great notoriety, whose short stories depicting the heroic and picturesque, are brimful of Greek scenery and national colour. XeNopoutos, Griconios D., Athenian journalist (born in Zante). His novels and plays depict Zante and Athens. xviABBREVIATIONS accusative active adjective, adjectives adverb, adverbs aorist dative declension fem. = feminine fut. future gen = genitive impf. imperfect ind., indic. indicative indecl, = _indeclinable indef. = indefinite it, literally mase. masculine neut. neuter, nom. nominati © obj. object part. participle (pass. passive perf. perfect person plural preposition, prepositions present singular subject, subjunctiveGREE READER (© KANAPHE. (Literary style) O Kawépns firo Tol évBpetos vawrnés. ““Orov Ean, of VEAANMES elyov TréAeuov ub Tods Tovprous. Ol Todprot elxev xéuet ueyéAnv. xoraorpopi els Thy Texrpiba yas. ‘O Kovdpns drregdoige vé-Tols sipeoption. 5 Miov ‘tulpay of Totpror floav ets ulav ékw ‘EAAnviniy ub TOARE ronan whole. /Tiy eh atriy elyov xeraorphyel. "Ore 10 tuatiey & Kawipns, fnfiped éAiyous curpégous, imfiyey els Ty hadneiav, érrou rpoonu{fidnoav Kai éxomeynoay, elofiABov els wlow AéuBov, xa évexdopnoay ue thy Bofeiav Too x00. VocanuLary 1 fro, was Ww nédw abr, this town ao Set ages oo ee “destroyed vyavraxés sailor, seaman Bre, when Bray, when, at the time when wie ie Hive he wa ving Fate, lame odpkos, the "ur per, he took yor had Kifer a few my done guvrpsgous, companions wevadnv, great, Enfyer, wens, proceeded Keraorpodiy, destruction derNneiay, church s * Ci Brrou, where morpiSe was, our country mpoonexttnav, tices idee pl hcl varods mwupien, to punish them | igoiydwaoay, partook of ‘indpav, one’ day oo ae lofiA8ov, stepped into lay AéuBov, a boat we, with, | vexdpnoay, departed jay wékty “ERAqvuniv, a Gresk | ne thy BowBaay, with the help moRepika wAota, warships 00 Geo, of God ioe 1 Kanaris, a Greek patriot in times gone by. 2 Ey tied pers. sing. impt ofthe contracted verb 309 (= 3h), “to 3 elxov, third pers. pl. impf. of the auxiliary verb foo. It is used to form’ past tenses, here the pluperfect. 4 Biv monpiba ios’ For the use of possessive enct dmeqdoise, third pers. sing. aor. of @ropaol ga. 4 oer aks paek eh tad oe hs neaiate ear fe ss, sce Grammar."0 KANAPHE 3 ee fo “7Or» EqGaaav kal eIBoy ré MOANA TAoIa: tev Touprcn, Biv époBrjOneay. sEnAnolacaw els 73 weyaAetrepoy ral KAN Tepov whoTov, els 78 Strofov floay | misbes Top, wal EBods Op. Els éMlyny Spay 8 aefoy tralero Bao Totpxor foav els odrd, &AAoI éxémoay, kal AAO émviynoav. Kavels Biv toxsdn,. “O Keaipns ue rods owvrpdgous tou Eouryev, Srav elBev Sri Hs fveye roe 70 hotov. Kovels 68 én adro)s trae tinote. * “A, K., YOMos. | a fe VOCABULARY x0 Grav, when BNAo . . . AAdor, some. . - javay, they arrived others ‘Bon, saw axaneay, were burnt (to death) Bir tofritmeay, they were not | emviyneay, were drowned ‘afraid reavels Bév; no one twhyoiacay es, they approached | de40n, was saved ‘i MB peyadetrepov nal wadNirepoy, | ToOs auvrpépous rou, his com- dhe Targest and ‘most beautiful anions ‘dis 18 dtoiov, on board which Bern escaped Bite, tara shor heaew Eade 0p, set on fire 5 Soe A 2s ONynv Spay, in a short time | *5 fess, be vet Gre we eaiero, was burning Revels 84 dd abrovs, and no one Boot feev, as many « , . as there of them. ‘were, of the.» - who were Eade, suffered as abrd, in i | trove, anything i 7 kipx(), third pers. sing. sor. of the verb ralpu, a word of every- ay! pccchs Teves thetacene meanioy’ ea Roupav, which is more Tisual in literary style. “The vat the end of the word occurs only when ittalicwing ors begins aes «vowel; or wasn ot the end ofa 7 berye) tind poss eat | Ent), third pers. sing. aor, of the iregular verb raya, “to go.” |, The suyment & occurs in past tenses of the indie. ey iipernxcienosy, third pers. pl. aor. of the passive verb mpoaeUxouct, ay | tesoEarpoc, dapdon, omxSoneay, Lydeon, Io, and kehnatzre, ‘ pers pl aor Tio tpobrénoey, third pers, pl. aor. of the passive yerb goBotuon. Tr syanertepoy ‘and. nanArepov,, neut, ing. of comparatives. When preceded’ by the definite triele, av in this passage, they are used «3 Superiatives, Eetier, third pers. sing. impf. passive of rate, “to burn” (something). NE ot at atemar” ee able uv, third pers. pl aor. pasive of Kalo. iynotey thind pers. ple sors passive of Moly. I tied peroy sing’ sot. passive of oO a tied fon’ slug: aor‘ ecuive of avai, ‘The aor, may be used ‘completed action. ; third pers. sing. aor. of méoxe,4 GREEK READER H AIQPYZ THE KOPINGOY (Literary style) 'H Tladonévmngos Evbveran ub iy otepedv “EAE 61k TOU lodu00 is Kopiviov, ‘O loSuds otros elvar aves, ywpizer 58 Tov Kopwveioxdy xhmrov dr tov Zapiovixdy. ’Evexe rol los yo Sou TAO 5 Mkovany éx ‘iis Kepripas, tv Matpdv nal &Mev BuriKév uepev Bice ¥& EABaoatw als Tov TTeipan fi els BAAOus Arnévas voU Alyatou meAcyous # vocanunary 2 4 BiGput vfs Koplvdov, Corinth | fvexa, because of aa Soa hota, es many ships a, all 4 Mlenoxéeenaos, the Peloponnese ships thet Eadveras, is joined 5 mAouow, sail Bra Ds, Walche!| See tadyon ca Wy erepedy ‘EAASSG, the Greek | 19 Kepnipes, Corfu ‘mainland ‘ray Nlarpav, Patras td, by teal, and 00" 120y00 tig Koptvtov, the | aARuv, other Tathmus of Corinth Suriea, western this pepo parts place, localities ivan td ve EhOuotv, in order to reach orevés, narrow dls, to (to be left untranslated) coptfe: 84, and separates 380 Meapasd, Piraeus Wi keprrtiansv wEkwov, the Gulf ‘of Corinth ports, harbours and, 100. Alyalou “weAGyous, of the Pe Bgean Sea NOTES: 1 The Corinth Canal, also called the Ship Canal, connects the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf. ‘This masterpiece of engineering came into being in the last two decades of the nineteenth century. 2 i Teowévnoos, the southern peninsula of Greece. Excoveran, third pers. sing. pres. passive of the verb évdsve, to unite, to join. 4h ovepeé 'EXAs, the Greek mainland, north of the Isthmus of Corinth, x6, prep. with the gen, when meaning “by,” “through”; compare line 5 Bee aubh, Minorder yo 5, prep. with the ace; fea, prep. with the gen. $ bx (before a'vowel t6), prep. with the gen. kloan, Cor, one ofthe Tonia land, renowned in Greek posty for its beauty. al Tlévpa, Patras, an important town on the Gulf of Corinth. Tts chief exports are currants, Wine, olive oil and hides.ey HH AIgPYZ THE KOPINOOY dornia rps, even fueryxactiiva ve mepmnAkcoww 6Any Thy TleonSyn cov, al v& Kwbuvetrony dd goBepts tpieuplas els Te expert TOU Tawspov val THis Manas. to Bvt iy 1axucipav Norv Kal etxcRearpav ovyrorveoviay, doregeotoy WA bbowor Toy Kopwioxsy nal Zapeovncdy xékrov 61 Bicspuyos els 78 erexoreroy pos TU Lobu00. “Eoxnucriatn Aormby pice Eratpela, frts Haméonoey Omip 3k 60 txerroundpia: Beauv, wal Biépuge Tov lousy. Altpycclan Bripreoav wep ve Béec En, elpyegovro BE ToAal ixerovte~ 15 B15 fpyaTEY 5 val ONG! étporlvntor unyswal. ZwveAtodn BE A} Bisipus 18 Olpos TOU 1853. Na aE vocasurary domorpSpus, vice versa ‘raipets, company Grerreorers, compelled fon etic BeecAlone Slav. to sail all| (Sardmoey, spent, lid out ped Serireetene tia valvbuveGow an, to run the | dxaroppepi, rlions Fok ot Bayne drach fers, terrific Bipuges du through, cut through Sties ers tl lpvestan the work Ris dxporiyia rod Tosrépou xai | iprecaw insted Shs Mahia, of Capo ‘Tacns- | wept, about Hin and Cape Niles Site, ten Beene, ques tuyen Kornéy, therelore eipyatovee, worked tieaherdpev, easier rekely many eapsracioe, covusication, in~| __ drevowéber, undreds amuse 15 tpyoroy, of workmen eben io desided Schaal and so jot 0 join ry cuirien, panera tener Mierd crevorarey, et the narrowest Deer Eigmneriody, ere) wos formed | oyvrehéoBn, eas completed via $B Uipor reba the ummes of ee 6 vi Dower, “to reach.” ‘The English infinitive is rendered in Greek by vest sub. 6 Ticipaieds, Piraeus, the port of Athens. 9 Cape Taenaron and Cape Maleas, ill-famed for the tempestuous seas Pe gperienced in their neighbourhood. | | nn 10 pov and eKoNrépay, acc. sing. fem. of the comparatives of the fs ax hs,“ and coco, -0, the later of two endings, the mase. and fem. being the same. Greqaciotn and toxnusriobn, third pers. sing. aor, passive of the vers erroguotyo and enna 11 Vk evdowr, third pers. pl. aor. subj, act., “that they should join.” A pe czar of fe origin of what i tranalated ax ing tin? fote here also the force of the so-called second infinitive (with the gor. tense) “to effect the connection.” 13 tmép and ‘epi, preps. usually with the acc.6 GREEK READER “H BidSpuE elven etdeta, Eyer BE WAdTOs els Thy émpdveiay ais Sxhdoons 25 ultpav, 18 Be Bédos Tay UEkrwv elvan 8 ulrpwv, dove SiwavTaL wi Bikpyeovren 1 adriis val Te uevioter ThoTa Ka EruérAore, 7 58 HYOS 20 THis Bidpuxos éd Thy Emigdveay TOO éB4qous uéxpr ais émipavelas 700 ‘Wbartos elven Biégopov-els 1S OymASTepov uépos 78 dyos elvea Tepl Te 80 étpo, Al BE mAeupal Tis Biedeuxos Biv clvar xéBeros, GAA TAdyta, Gore 1d xdopa elvan TOAL peyadeltepou endivea A KETO, Els 18s Bo &xpas THis Bidpuyos xataoKsuaGnray Aiuéves, meepl Tous 25 érofeus oxnuerzovrar Tohxvea, Kerk uly rv KoprvEiaxéy Hh FTooeiBeovl, rarré BE Tov Zopcovncdy f "loPula. “O Biéewous Fis Bidpuxes Sraprel wa VocaBULARY Gero, perpendicular ix One bun aAdtor, width ayia, slanting, sloping As shy tmpdvany vig BaXdoons, | deta chasm, opening at te lee Mot, me depo ck mts eyaherepor, larger Babos, depth Enbva ative SBérov, of the waters (to be left | fy than ‘untranslated) aro, below ore, so that Bio, two Sxpas, end: xaraccevéotneay, have been con- structed, built robs dnolous, which 25 oxnparigovras, are formed, laid Bévavrar, can, are able va Buépyovrat, to pass through 8: adris, through it (the canal) ai, also, even ré néyiora, the largest Srusthove, steamers out ‘fos, height swoAlxvat, small towns 20 rv impdvaay tod wégous, | kardyiv'. «= Kara 6é,on . . ‘round level and on exes, to, as far as 4 Regt, Posidnia agtnaeis ro GBaror, water | joa, sth evel Léeovs, passage dlvat Bégopo, varies Brapeet, lass 18 bynAsrepor, the highest lav weplnou Spay, approximately mheupal, sides, banks one hour Tommasi He SY 18 Sivavren, third pers. pl. pres. of the passive verb Suvauan, 19 v& Bilpycovren, infinitive formed with the subj. of the pres. tense to denote To pbs always, not only ance” aaa ulyiore, ‘nom. pl. neuter, irregular superlative of the adj. ueyas, Uueyéin, eye: (oF now usually HEyEAos, -m, -0¥). 23 weyadelrepov, neuter of the irregular comparative of the same a 24 ravaoxaulohyav. ‘The usual encing of the third pers. pl. or. p js “Onin. 25 Poscidonia and Isthmia, small towns situated at cither end of the Corinth ‘Canal.} AIQPYE THE KOPINCOY ene NOON ephrov dpav. Thy 88 wera garlzerat A BiSpug Bie HAeerpIKod qatés. “Avatar His Bidpuxes Bipxeran 6 orbnpsbpouos “ASnvav-TAorrov- ge vicou Eri yepépas ciBneds. “0 lovduevos trl tis yepeas PRéret Banv Thy Bidprxa, rods Bi els 18 PéGos ouriis EvEpdmous PAerer ds ydvous. SH roraoxevi Tis Bidpuxos TOU Kopivbiaxod lofyod elvar tv &x Téiy Gaypaoion Epyav Tot Baxdrou twirou aldvos, eal ming UESxws Thy 95 warpi6a fuéiv. M. K. Zonednaporrounos. VOCABULARY BB ge, at night rods dvpinows, the men, the Bigera ise pecan $iotpeass gurés, cecric ight | Site, a if they were Gruber, above eireeri apa, he a. orentanfy construction Barbnestrepes Abnyov-tichowe. | $+ O2e mien elas | ay wie 30 ini, on 700 bexdrou tvdrou alivos, of the yebipas anpas, iron bridge inetecnth oatbary | Biorépevos, a person standing ‘nnd, does Bonour (10) lem, soa exes, especially. dis 1d Bdbos airijs, deep below viv warpiéa judy, our native land ores: —— 27 Tiv Bt vixra, ace. of f WE. Note that adverbial expressions of time are in,the acc. in Greek, compare line 16, 7 pos; in English “at night,” ‘‘in summer.” ‘The conjunction 8, “and,” “but,” always takes the second place. 31 Tos G8 els. . . dvOpdmous. Note the number of Greek words that an be placed between article and noun, often to be translated by a 434 T1:G, third pers. sing. pres. of the contracted verb Tin ( — TiHé«). hy marpiba Audv, “our country,” instead of the more frequent THY ‘rrrpi6a ua,8 GREEK READER AYTOBICIPAGIA (Literary style) “Eyewiiony mperéroKos thy 27 épiAlou 700 1748 Erovs els THY Zudpunv dnd tEv ‘lodwvny Koper, xtov Thy marpi6a, kal viv ovata ‘Pusiav, opupvatav. "Amd rk Crees eow reve: Fuster bye wal 8 ple: Er 5 vedstepés OU SBeAgds “AvEpsas. °O meTtip Hov Biv etrixnoe v& ASBN rartelov, 6x1 pévov Biéni Shou 16 ks fro Te eapbv Exley éoradBevToY Crapartés SAlyeov otohtoutven ue yeuBoreaBelay rAfoU Tapa ue @AnOivAY ‘reaBelov), GAAK Kal G16t1 elye pelver dpgavds els wavrétraot Tpupepsv VOCABULARY ¥ abrofioypapia, autobiography v8 ABB, to receive eyevviiOnv, I was born sera education spuréroxes, eldest, rst-bor, isdvo%, not only the 37 dpb, othe 27th Api je gue Je 178 Brows inthe year 148 | Shor’ ver the whole mation &, in, at ros was Enews, Smyrna oy naipby éxcivoy, at that time anor of dralBcorow, uneducated Xiey tiv marpiSa, (a native) of maperrds dAlywv, except a few Chios Srooyiver, ndorned oe eee foe éxre, eight \pev8oraiSeiav, pseudo-education va hildcen hdov wapéy rather than Tea, Tremaned, survived Erngorivs true Een, three years 428 ral, but also er vedrepss pou BSeAgss, my | elxepelve Sppaves, he had become younger brother an orphan 5 wer, father rravrémeay, altogether Bév ebréxnoe, was not fortunate tpudepav HAuxiav, tender age reat siinies vii ied Dein oe 2 toon fag per, sog. apr piv of the contacted verb yan, ‘to give birth”; be born.” 3 4 2Wpyn, Smyrms, the birthplace of the author, Adamantios Korsis, the father of Modern Greck literature. He contributed very much “ style, and his criticisms, comments, jong served as models for every. country as well as its to the formation of the translations, works on medicine, ete. Greek, and helped in the regeneration of Tanguage. ley Ty mare, “a Chian by birh” (the ace, expresses “with regard {fo hig country” ‘tpi, tn, ace. pl. expressing “by three years.’ 6 Steves, pie te f. 7 vb, prep: with ace. (= uevé with gen." AYTOBIOFPAGIA #Pxlew. "Hump uou Raper DevBepcorépay ewarpophy, Bid etrixnas yo ve fn Tertépc “Abauivriov Tév ‘Plotoy, Tov copdTerroy Exeivou Too xenpo0 els hy EMnuniy giRoRoyiav éuBpa, Boris ériSavev fv Eros © (747) Td Tis yevrfies wou. —Attds Exenudmioe, En vios dy, BiBGoKAAOS This EAAnvIKi's giAoAoyias els Xiov-yeT& Tatra FASE els Zwvprnv, Srrou tvunpeden xflpav vwwk “AyKupavy. OUros, wh yevvricas 45 poevinéy, trapnyépne thy érotuxlay tou, oTrovB4ous wk évaOpéyy © 5 viovs Tas icoopas Cuyertipas Tou, Oxpatéa, iy snrépa pov, Kal ras pels adriis dBeApis, “Avaotaalav, OcoBdpav xa EUBoKiav. *H xarrdora0ts Too yévous fro Toratirn Thre, doe els Thy ueyedsrroAw Zpbpyny sven oyebov at Ovyartépes Tod ‘Puotou fiEeupay wk dvaryrvdoxcoor 20 ral vi ypdquor- naps Thy éwkyveony kat ypagiy &51BSy8noav (MoAAE VocaBuLaRY sirnp, mother 15 dpoemxdéy, a male child EXGBS,, received EnapnySpnee, consoled Daeporipay dvarpodiy, a more | dworaytar’ disappointment aber uptaineine orcebtoas, ing in eames x0 va xn, to have #8 dvadpevn to bring téy copdrarov GvSpa, the most és, as ne i earned man ads, sons (bo Bons, wo ras tovapas Guyarépas ou, his seein ied four daughters one year sy warépe pov, my mother eb Yervhocos you, before my | SBaNbusr airs birth ardovaors, sate, condition | abrés, he 08 yevous, of the family Expnjéreey B:Béoxanos, he was a | Foray, such feucher ‘ore, thon, at that time Env vios Gv, being still a young | Bove, that man peyahSaohy, large city sig. Ennis grdodoyias, of | fsvar oxeSév, almost slone fas Kcr in Chics fener eee low, in Chios v8 dvayivdonnoy, (how) to read as 20 va:ypégonn, to write Bees, rape, by dvgyroorr, reading v rid, a certain widow (or a yeadyy, writing ioe Bostxtnear, they taught thom. bres, he selves BH Yervioas, not begetting ‘TOAA (oR) BNiyor, very litle ‘NOTES: Bitte5) peep. with gen oh oho 8%, pres. aril fa, ob” Bel ringed, i. "area Cor go saesiodt," third pers sing. sor. passive a tegierer Bled eee slngiiants of the, contracted "yack nepTyoPe)10. GREEK READER BAlyov Su05) val Thy BAnvchy yAGoow. H Ocodkipa, copartépa mapd Ts éAAas, SrréGave TapDlves éord 78 Ooverixdy. "H urimp ov bxcrrouPavey Ikars TOU rrexpaKuérgovros EAAnvioUOd & ovyypsupora. Tris untpds pou 4 wouBela Biv fGed’ dpxtosi we menBedon but noth Toy 25 aBehgsv uov, dv Biv towrpexay éAAa mepiodeis, all ifs. “O marrip uou, &v xa otepnutvos manbelas, fro oToAtoulves dd THY quow ue volv S§irraroy Kal Aka Tiis poems Gophucra OAR cove tuarddapey et ydvn 4) woiBela TeAciomoret Te Béipax THis quoes, Kal VocanuLary Buus, however desivepexav, (had) coincided yAooar, language rier apbévos, virgin, gil ‘mepioréoes, circumstances Gavannév, the’ plague, deadly | at ts, as follows epidemic ‘dv wal, although, though duaraAépBave, understood ‘orepnsivos, deprived of ‘kavds, sufficiently, pretty. well, Seow tbéretod with teciat wil od napandterrar WMnmouod, | Edda ris $dotos Bupinare, other of declining Hellenism. fs of nature gvyypaéppara, writings he BE Wed pada, would not have | S276; t0 that ny that va, waiBeton, to educate axe, me 25 v Bay, unless, if not ‘reXeionore?, accomplishes ‘ra BGpa, the gifts (or talents) pay tlle | axarédaBev, understood ronemeeiie ad sich ee a 19 figevpow ve dveyiwidonaor, “they knew how to read,” “they were able ialicedsrthied pers BU ine mien Ethel oes ph ele neem Note that this so-called frst infinitive follows the third pers. pl. of a past tense. ‘The pres. tense in the infinitive has its usual force of exe Dressing that they were in the habit of reading, and not only read on a articular occasion; *Geupen, Eevpio; Demotie fepu, “tolknow.” 20 foibéxenoav, third pers, pl aor. passive of B16Goxs, “to teach.” 21 copertipa maps Tas GAkas, an example of the usual way of forming the comparative in everyday. speech 23, mopexuagovtos, gen. sing. masc. of the pres. pa ‘rapenpeg. 24 A8AN Sprdosy, one of the ways of forming the conditional (see Grammar). Spxd (ds), “to sulice,” is a contracted verb (eee Grammar), 26 oral, perk panicle passive of the contracted verb ere tes), “to deprive of.” 28 Execr’ abel), third pers. sing. aor. of the verb xoTaAauBdwe, “to ‘understand. iple act. of the verbpcd6n ue tev Epeotar THis woibelos. “ARAM [1 Buviaievos ALY ve Groxrion oXoAmiss, éverAtipooe thy Ee cuxvigev Strov *ABaudvTios Kopats. VOCABULARY 0, became excited (or | cuxvaluv, frequenting ‘stimulated) ‘Gpioxe, found kavéva éytov &vBpa, any learned wvaevos, unable ‘man any more va. woritn niy 8iav rou, to still 4 + £0 acquire his thirst ‘exohixds, in'a scholarly manner axpdacwy, listening (t0) dyenhjpuce, filled madavds, ancient wav, want sopias, wisdom EnupaOn, third pers, sing. aor. passive of mupéve, “to heat,” “to inflame,” “to excite.” ‘acc. sing. of 6 Epws, “love.” (ok third pers. sing. imp. of eUploxs. "To bring out the implications this’ tense, translate “he endeavoured to find,” “he could find.”12 GREEK READER EK THE MIPOTOZEQE KATA TO EMll THi 1ocempi6: TOY OANATOY TOY BYPQNOZ EN AONAINS: ZYMMOZION THE 2gns AMPIAIOY, 1924 (Literary style) 'O BUpmov, Aéyouv, érréBave xa éxcrrov En TapH|ABoy ExcroTe. "ANAK 5 Br fluds ToUs “ENAnvas Bey éeréBave. Aby 6° érrodévy worl. ‘H ot, 70U, ve claiver jper& TeV Béwerrév Tov, Averéurrer &xdun els gASyas ébaverrous val dvabiGer gis Eg8rrov, 1S érofov uss Snyet els Tv Bpspov Too WBecsBous, xcrtopey yet Tas yuxds has, vio Tes KepBles was. ‘H yUXh ‘rou f yeudcrn He Tp, BUveqtv xa évepyeiay erigésoer TOU guerKt TEhOUS, 10 &réBn gép0s, gaotlgav ev mot ‘THis uMBs THis gepavens Tas THXas ‘iis EAA os dk 1a rohvoxi6f] feduara Kal 85 BUENAS THs loroplas ms. ‘O rounds &vopwmos dréGavey. "O Snuioupyds éviparos trégnow. Kal av pdvn f Eqpioupyia 4&{ze1 ls thy goAy, érole yon 4 30h Too Bupmovos! VOCABULARY ibetiat ene Beet see aertet a, fetes iat dmeBave, he died kataéyyet, lights up, kindles wal, and puxds, souls ae enor ee eae avait esr alle net eee | cans seein) eee eran Sea wey paar, pa tte ae Bee ete Hay roe aed ey Se a aa eee eal ae eis eeren mee ACPD ete Ged ea pee rusia sea aes ee eee ee San a es San ee See ads TE a &Bavérous, immortal Gvabiber, gives forth os he Tare npecishable 18 boiGroped, i Byiperos, man Baviovoyés, cre porn, alone idual, personal Snmoupyiay cretiveness gitar, is worth, is of value what 8 BUpav (also spelt phonetically 6 Mmdipav). Lord Byron (1788-1824), the great English poct, died at Measolonghi (ace Note to Hine 18) while in command of Greek troops in the War of Independence. All names, hether personal or geopraphica gencrally take the anicle, gy & WPrevtiprss Bevgthes, A Meporm, 8 Atyurrros, ol ABivot, & Téuears WwutTOs, N.B.—The dative case is no longer a “living” form in Modern Greek, surviving only in a few stereotyped. phrases. ‘The pure “Literary Style” has no indefinite article. S orpari@rns, "a soldier"; iow, Ha Book.” ae Bipot, tied pars. pl, prea ind, “they say,” “ie Kettcns, third’ por tgs cons fad. of the vee opobninc, “T de” Note the augment following the prepositional pre. pl of the neuter noun 79 Er, Hoy, third pers. pl. aor, ind, ‘The Greck aor. is often rendesed & {he perfect in English, ‘Thus here: “have passed.” Br fds. for) governs the acc.; 61% (= through) is followed Bes toon og bet ook Stoo, eisough tin wood Waherd ioe BY instead of Bid, as the word following Begins with a vowel. Bly 6 érrobavy tote, “he will never die.” The fut. is formed by Oi (or & before a'vowel) and the nor. subj, of the verb in question. Note the position of the words Biv... - wor, “not... . ever” = Ast tou, “his life.” Before a possessive enclitic a noun of more an two syllables sometimes takes two accents, the second accent indicating a lighter (Secondary) stress, e.g, 78 woehpere Ta, “thelr fo, ace. masc. of fie coceenl muaaeesl ls, ufo, & eldva, ace. si ere (ado) poversn the sons perk ( = “with " “together with") fremas en., es A BNTp beTK TeV eave) TMS, “the mother wit ‘Sv TOU. A characteristic example of the use of an encli BR ec es ance Cee dvethdames, third pers: sing. pres. ind. act Als, prep. with ace. gpbyasy ac, pls off oof (oem: ehoy-): Demotic A dye, i$, acc. pl. of the adj. dféverros; in-, negative preax. The adj. here follows the noun for literary effect. Gvabibe1, third pers. sing. pres. ind. act. $05 Hofirv, ete remark vo ghéyes dbaerovs, previous line. Fred (SeaGous, pea. cing. of vb IBeiS6es, “the ideal.” This is an instance Gf the neut. form of an adj. being ved as a noun. ‘The adj. in this ‘case is one of two endings, one for the masc. and fem. and one for re, neut.—Ibedbns, 1bedsbes. Aiyoxt ov fy yeu bu 1, Burcu we utpyean it “his soul fled ‘ith fire, force’and action” might be rendered “his soui, fery, force, ardent, . . . ” It should be noted that if an adj. follows as an apposition14 GREEK READER 15 _T& E6ym, &s ad Gpnoxetax, EXoW ods fps eov, Bxelvous trol) uote oOnoav Sik Tk ISavink Kol Thy Béfov Tov. Kal & “EAAnvixds Acids treunyupiae, Kot’ adds, Thy funy és fipwos tis Opnoxelas TOU “ERAnNoUOD, “O mKpds dergsbeAos THis TevBluoV wreBLdBos Tol MeaeAoy- lou, saexduevos veroGd THis PaSuxedov Kéuns Tou, Thy éroiay elyay 20 &pxioe vé Aeuxcrivouv all Adan, uereBANOn els orépavon B&guNs GbaveToU. TEAEX@n, To0y EqpaoTiKét! Eri Eve els née KopUpHY THis "EARABOS elvar ornutun Karl ple AUpa. "Edw els-rhy oAUXopBov etry AUpaV Byadev 6 Biprov we pehoSnetrreper Goparé Tov, Thpa TpayovBGY Thy dquoviay Tv ypaupésv tev Bouvav THs, Tha yEAR@V 7 KOue Too 25 Oconee rev aémgeipov TGv neIGv THs, ‘pc oadmrizev Papgloyyov 78 Gove is tevteplas, Bik vk TS éxovoouY ol BoURo!, Kal xaTémW yoiperv thy abyiy Tis dvaoricems, foBlzoucav els tov ‘EAAnviKoV Splzovta. "AAAK 7S Gone Tou, 7 Tov LeyeAoppiinoy, Urrfipfe 7 xinveioy Goud tov—6 Overs TOU. vocanuLary 15 Om, nations yay, (they) had is, ike, as wel as Seydoe begun Spronttan, creeds oP Kcialvovy, to whiten roo they ave ona sre acts was, heroes BAO, has been changed (oF oe, ce I eecteeat) orkgavov, wreath Bagyns, of laurel have sacrificed | 20 aMéx8n, it has been said ov, how avec, ideals Uxgpaoried, expressively Béfay, glory Sr, that Aaés, people Gndve, on Ereenyopice,(has)_solemnized, (has) paid homage to ay abrds, during these (days) “ie a ea erprivy set up, erect "ead, of Hellenism rand, also srinpds, bitter Iyte dogs8chos, aephodel ohGxepbov, many-stringed ‘revPinou, of a mournful, of a |* Waders san Tugubrions 18 pehabixorepa, the most melo- srebidB0s, of a plain ious 700 Meoohoyyiou, of Messolonghi | Sowara, songs Prexdjieves, entwined ‘ropa, now terafi, among, between, here: in | payoubay, singing (of) Baduxpéou, datk-coloured, dark Eppeviay, harmony xéuns, hair ‘Yeanndy, of lines, contours., VOCABULARY ovvdy, of mountains ne: ce sie Brerdrea ofthe ring un) feipov, sapphire ‘itoueay, giving a rosy colour enter nas, Go) pee 7 edwifor, blazoning forth SpiFerra, horizon es Bienen, the most feptas, of freedom eyehoppfinow, grandiloquent, odoour, may heat Thig-eounding Booher, slaves Serpe, was rm, afterwards 3B ndnveoy Boyd rou, his swan- | atpers, grecting, hailing ong pees: wen 3 fo a noun preceded by the definite article, a repetition of the article before the adj. is necessary. ‘Thus: 4 yuxt} (noun) Tou 4 yeudrn (adi) ‘he prep. ué with the acc. has now supplanted the older ow with the dat. 19 tmigdox, pres. participle act. fem. of she verb figs, “to survive, fiver’ Constructed wah che gen. Thus; Emgboa To0 quenced thous Mia srvived his Cit. the) physical end,” iese"the death of his body Biase senso he nea nun oan, Hor” of Eropaivo, “to result inj” "Wo become.” See rules for istic crctins wits prepodtsional preiaas 0 gorrigev, pres. par. act Bia, ac= sing. of the ruasc. noun 1AcUs, “course,” | 985, gen. sing. of the irregular fem. noun vous, “ship.” ‘iis vines This gepouons, “the ship carrying,” a further example of Repeating the aticle when an adj follows the noun,” Compare line & sien fem. of king the place of an acj w 5 fen sing, fem. of pres. part, act taking the place ofan a BME iy hs “EARSSos, “the deatniea of Greece” a typical exnzaple (of gen, construction. 10a, ace. pl. of the fem, noun Toxn, “destiny, “fate”; ‘EAAdBos, gen. of the fem. proper noun ‘EAhds (stem: ‘EAA&B-) ‘The Demotic nom. is} ‘ENN&ba (first decl.). 11 v4, prep. with acc. A ‘Fk TOAUOXI54 eUuora, acc. ( = nom.) pl. of Td TroAVeXISés Seduo. 13 4v, “if,” is followed by the indic. frola bok, “what le BR, nom. pl. of 78 tbvos, ouy, found pera: pl. pres. of the auxiliary verb Fy, “to have” fityooue thi pore pl. acre passive (eee, (Gramma): The ee in hers fo be trasleted by tho pert, (es Noto to line 4 above), The Greek passive, as in this instance, often corresponds to a reflexive Herb in English or French, ‘Transate “‘ehey have scr iced themselves” 47 Freunypior, third pers. aot nd. act. of teomyvptg, to solemn” eaters Bee eines tr’ — wre the final ¢ being cided before a word besia: ‘Ring with a vowel. ‘Translate: “during the past few days” (lit. “during thee)” days being understood). 18 Missolonghi, a small town in W. Greece with 8,300 inhabitants. It is Bi ostcscs of tae nore of AcctoealaThotolin A lagoon four ands BUM vad vsgercte hao cos oon: Teel loys Ps reemesteoel Bats ural of the Greek people for he long and herois reustance it ibeedhageiner the cacmey Uuhog the Wer ef Liberrton,16 GREEK READER 30 “Ev “AyyAndy leBiatov érropvnuovederar oruepov. Kal txorrdy Er Sues, perk tev Sdvardv tov, & Bupcov axonoutel émorehav ‘Tv oTevétepov Kal tev loxupérepov Beondv ueTakY THis "AyyAlas xa ‘ris *EAASGos, peTaky Tv Blo TouTan eOvésv, Tév TéoG éxévrev Th Ko, peragl Tv Blo addy Andy Tay vauTéSy Kal Tv Empey. Al 35 8v0 adral Aégeis ExpneipoTrorf|énoav xéroTe mpbs yoyov A KcrrappsynaW. VOCABULARY 30 ’AyyAucéy, English sé, such lophator, jubilee Exbvrav, having Gnoponpovederat, is commemor- | xowd, common ee ‘vavrdv, of sailors aioe es Enger, of merchans Haxohovte, continues Sere wf AnorehGy, forming, making nvoronjtncay, were used, sev ovevérepov, the tightest, the pa eee closest wire, sometimes sbv loxupérepor, the strongest, the | es) for ‘most powerful Yayo", reproach Seousy, te, link xarabpéyqou, disdain, scorn, con- "Ayynlas, of England tempt Nores: 19 Thexduavos, prea, pass. part of the verb wAiKe, “to braid,” “to knit.” eee per with Be ed wixpsou, igen. sing. fem. of the adj. Ba®Uxpous, “dark.” sheen = jo hid pers mot eh of ea ecllry Yee ge, tlxav epyioe, “had begun.” Bharcbow so when” (lit. “thee they” subi, of the vert). "This io the way to translate the English infinitive into’ Modern Greek. ao ai Riot, nom. phi the subject of the, clause. TeveaAy, aor. pass. of veTEpEARG, ‘The subject of this clause B doqebcos. fovigavoy Sapyns, a laurel wreath.” ar bxqoaornds ( — txqpaorints), adv. 25 emily, fm, of evs, ros Pam part. of the verb orf, “to pitch?” to set up. 23 Pa pehoSestepa, the usual formation of the superlative, by placing the article before the comparative. Gover, nom, and sce" pl. of devs. ‘psyoubin ies, at tr pain, ag nowy, gen. ph. of f vRe9s, island: 38 Biv ver sb dxcusouy ol Soba, “for the slaves to hear.” 37 youpetav, pres. act. part. tase Refgovotn? ace. fem. of the pres. 28 plage, se of 8 Spt “hls veyehsepo, “the most grandiloquent.” "The uperative i Frequently formed thus Stripe, third pers. sing. aor. a9 xgnvmios, neut of KURIEOS, reve’ Get, “swan song: act. part. of the verb BoBiz0. of Omdpxe, “to be,” “to exist.” 2 adj. formed from 6 Kixvos, “swan”;“PANN ipunvedoure atrés Kore Thy Eworay THis TéAuns, Tis Epeupert~ xémr0s, Tv youluoy mpds why TUxny éydueov ral Ot eOpere els adds dvor ebyaurroy tyxcbuiov. Moipa, tows, woipa, évorép méons GeAfoews €vopomivns, Epepe toy Bupave tls thy ‘EAAGGa. °AAA’ #} uotpa adrrh ouveBéeto ub Beopous ouNMirrous ral yvoTnprdbeis pds Tes Texas Too Toro Kal Tas ‘roxas THis “ENAGSOs. A. T. Kaxdovdvos. VOCABULARY Sppavedoare, interpret vorépa (with gen.), superior to, mara Ewoiay, according to the ‘higher than ‘meaning, in terms of méons, every ‘zéhuns, of boldness, of daring fjoews, desire Upeupersxéemros, of inventiveness, | dvOpenlyns, human “of imagination Uepe, brought yer, of fruitful, prolific euvebéero, was linked up byvary battles, adventures es with , jpere, you will find wedAvjnrous, _unconeeived, in fate eloquent. comprehensible or, pmse aes see ro morro, of the poet (ie., , pethape Byron) © drouvnuovelerar, third pers. sing. pres. pass. of the verb émonynpovete, commemorate.” gx tEaxodovtel, third pers. sing. pres. act, of the verb Ufaxchovds, “ gontinue.” GmoweAGv, pres. act, part. of the verb &roTeAS, (33 Tv Téoa Fxévtev ve KOI, apposition to rv Blo TOUT kOviiy. An Spposition is always in the same case ts the word to which it belongs, ‘ease in the above instance being the gen. pl. EXpnoctrosfoncav, “have been employed,” third pers. pl. aor. pass. “for,” prep. governing the gen. or, here, the acc. EGuntedoers, nor, imperative of the ver} foujved, Bpe7 2, yoviusy, een, pl. of yonies, refers to éyivow. Note the ition of mpbs S17 B foros, nee: ring, Ron: of doxorepos, “higher.” It should be noted PP that the accent ie‘shifed to the penultimate in the fem. Se cer higher than every ©; either the gen. or 8 with Bom. nite comparatves in Literary Style. Bcc ctrk cerh touots the toun for linrary ivr follows the noun for literary effect. cuveblero, third pers. sing, impf. pass of the verb evoke, Note the Position of the sugments18, GREEK READER © TPQIKOZ MOAEMOZ: TO XPYZOYN MHAON (Literary style) “Ore 6 Tinheds evungevero Thy Godaeoiay Gedv Clr, ravtes of Geol wail at Beal, ards Tis “Epibos, mapeupionooy als tiv Tererfy, Kal at Motioa tyodov tev Uuivaroy.” Tetire ogéBpa wopdpyiae chy "Ep, 5 finis MGotoe Kpupias Eopryey els Tv alBoveoy TOU ouuToatou xpusotv LfiAov, trl 700 éwofou fixo yeypaunévov, "As 78 AdBin 4 pale.” TS hifAov wudtSuevov HAGey eumpds els Tas Tpes Gedis, “'Hpav, *ABNVGY xa “Agpobirny, Kal wopevdds Gewh gidoveiierfiyépOn veTaEY addy, rola ve AEBy atirs. “Enaibiy BE Biv ABWvavTO vk cUUgKOVIIowoW, FASov els ro wv Als, dons TdAW Ui OAav olSeulay IE adrav vk BucapeoTiion, Bikroge Tv “Epufiv wk SBnyfon auras els 7 Spos tis Opuylas 7d xaAouuevoy "'I6n, Srou 6 dpaios Tépis, ulbs TOU Baorkas His Tpolas Tipiduoy, EBooxe Te rolund tov. ‘O ‘Epniis éferéAsoe tiv Brerayiy 705 ‘Aids nal dBijynoe Tas ded els rev Tlépiv- Bods Bb els adrrdv 18 xpuaoty 15 ifihov, &kéhevoev avrov vk 7 Bebon els tiv cipaiotépav, 'O Be Ebcoxev aizd als Thy "Agpodimy, ‘ins 16 tmeoyéOn hv dpaortpay yuvaixa 00 xéopou. "Exrove # ’AGmv& xa f “Hp Eyeivou éxSpmechrarren pds arirév rari mpds 76 E6ves tou. To tOvos els 1d brtoiov éviixev 6 Tiéprs Azo Thehooyndy Kai Kerra, 20 dls hy dvarokimiy nropaAiov tol Alyalou Tekéyous.cvoudgovro Bt Tpdes, kal h xopx avrév Toole, mpataiousa fis érofas fro 4 dxup& dais “TAios, Ke1pévn tml twos Gynnod ASgou kv How cUpUXd>poU TEBIE- VOCABULARY 1 'O Tpauds wédepios, the ‘Trojan | &ppufer, threw ‘War Ee altovoay +00 cuprocion, sb xpueddy pAdov, the golden nto the banqueting-hall apple ni 706 Smolou, on which Beta fro, war voubeberoy marie Yevpaisévor, written hv Banaoetay Oedv én, the sea- | glee Nain ‘lot ss» tke it oddess Thetis 4 Spaia, the beautiful one sires of Oco all the gods eAsnevoy, rolling derds ris “Epibos, except Eris HAbey, came, arrived mapeupeOnoay, wore present Gumpds cls, in front of ls ny rehenfy, at the ceremony speis, three aly and “Hpav, Hera cat Modo, the Muses *Agnvav, Athena Hadov soy Opévaiov, sang the wedding song Pee roaptiadis robro, this apeu8és, immediately, instantly og88pa, very much Beiv, terrible mappyice, iritated, provoked, a, quarrel, dispute mngered arose ‘ho eragi abrav, between them coming, arriving ‘va A&Bq ales, ns to who was pubis, secretly’ to take itTPQIKOZ TOAEMOE: TO XPYZOYN MHAON 19 VOCABULARY drei8i, 8%, and a8 ls viv Spaiorépay, to the most Bly ¥Bévavroy they were not able beautiful va cuppuvijewow, to agree ‘Barev, he gave tls tiv Ala, to Zeus 1 dneoxeOm, promised him Bons, who Yovatea, woman swahiy, again od néojouy of the world (here: in Hi 82or, not wishing the world) Pibepiey’ Gf adrav, anyone of | — xrore, from that moment them Byeway, became * va Busapeoriion, to offend EXSpwxdraras, most hostile, very Buérate, ordere ‘hos a atv, to gue, to ond ns ¥8 S8myion, to guide, to conduct = people £2 Bgon the mountain Snjuer § dpi, Pais belonged fig Spuyias, of Phrygia lehacyinéy,.Pelasgian fahotpevevy called erga dey inhabited "in, Mt. Tae 20 dvaronuniy, east, eastern Buou, where rrapaniay, coast 3 Mp, Paris Tod. Alyaiou Tledéyous, of the vids, son ‘Bgean Sea ‘06 Baoihéws, of the king SvonéLorro, they were called ‘iis Tpolas, of Troy Tes, Trojans Tipspou, Priam x6pa, country Tropts forbes Bop, fori H'rENs "Nios, the city of Hlion renin, situated Ext ros Syhod Nbgou, on a Wore, was grazing, pasturing 8 roljnd rou, his flocks Berideae, carried out iv Siarayiy, the command, the te si ein nee aie Save denis Bee. | Ser va 84on, to give plain Nores as wee T The legend of the ‘Trojan War was the main theme of early Greek a cee Deaeee ae ucramte attol short toes Bor che sarees ofthe war, which wee caused by the Goddess of Suife and Competition (rs) andthe beau of mortal voman (Helen. 2 Peleus, a mythical Thessalian King, and Thetis, a daughter of the Sea, ate the parent of che Gres ero Achilles : smupeupinceny third pers: pl aor. of the pass, verb apeupforouct. B acre aol, “jot the Peaurifal one take ite" Bg + subj, (here of the aor.) fo form the imperative of the third. person. 7 Hers, Athena and. Aphrodite, etter known by their Latin names, Juno, Minerva, and Venus, are the Gueen of Heaven, the Goddess of the Arts, and the Goddess of Love. 8 rele AB a, Cr ate." 9 Peouugennscoow, note the Force ofthe aor. “to come to an agreement.” 19 Als, nce, of Za oUkels, “none,” and after negatives (here: uf) = “any: Br Herne is Mercury, the Mestenger fg Pelsagans, a desigration Yor the pre-Hellenic population of parts of ‘Auta Minor and Greece, 2 Hos or 10." Ihoy, Ilium, Troy."20 GREEK READER 80s pera raw morawdiv Ziuéevtos xal ZkapsvBpou, nal érréyouot wis Garkoons pidmovre orébic, "Omio8ey This wéAcws wyodro 4 "IBN. 2s Kare tiv uubonoylan, ré rely vs IAlou ékloSneay Ord rot Tlooeibéivos val 100 "AnétAavos, kal kv 7H éxporeée atriis @pudécrrevo 78 TaMAdBiOv, 38 éroloy fro EUAoy EyaAuer Exov ubyebos rpiév mr}xs.ov, Ke KparroUY sls uly thy Befidv xeTpx Bépy, els 68 rh éprorepdv Haxécrny Kel ErpancTOv= 86én BE id TOU Aids els TEV "IRov, IBpuTAy Tis néRews, ints, oUéroTE 30 EvedAs wet xupteust, Evdow elyev ivtds adris 1 MaAAABIoVv, Karr& thy rox’ tadmy éPaathevey tv Tpole 8 vids 100 AaoutBovtos Tiplauos, yuri 100 érofoy fro fy *ExdpineTye 68 WOAAS ewe, MepIgMUS- “epa: Tv érrolev Foow 6 "Extop, 6 Téprs, t KaoodvSpa wat 4 TToAugémn, Kal & uiv “Exrop fro évBpelos val moAcunncorarros, & 88 Tépis fiyéma 35 Tas fiBovds Kal rés thpyeis. ‘H "Appobirn Aomdy, els hy érolay elye Béoq 7 AAov, Mpoérpeyer awrEv ve vavyyen MAofov Kal ve Tae VOCABULARY lera$i rv morapiv, between the | rv "ov, Tlus “ier Bopha Rudeyres, Simois eerie yaaa ExapdvBpou, Scamander Biche va eupiev¥A, woul antyoures ting a 4 distance alminated ris, ms, from the sea ivdow, so long as spuixovra ovdbsa, thirty stades, | eyes it had fuslones 30 ivrés, within, inside Smotey, beyond roxy, time SYotre, rose sPaoihevey, ruled 25 xara (with acc.), according to 1700 Aaoyééovros, of Laomedon hutedoyiay, mythology rvs wie ‘a relxn, the walls “ExdBn, Hecuba derio@noay, were built sexva, children xd rod FlogeSavos, by Poseidon | —repibnadrepa, the most famous kal ro ’AnéAAaves, and Apollo jeav, were: ty 1 dxpowdhat, in the citadel Exrup, Hector Uudérvero,. was) guarded 4 Keoodyépa, Cassandra +8 MaANébiov, the Palladium, a Todugivm, Polysena statue of Pallas Athena SsSpeios, brave gidtwov, swooden wohewixdrares, most warlike frehee, gatos ; Hyén, he Toved, he was fond of ixov. néyedos rpiGy mixewv, of a | jBovds, pleasures Tighe of thee ells Tipbats, amusements, entertain- rparevy, hol ‘ments BP Befedy xeipa, the sight hand | Actnéy, then 5 spear 35 elxe 8dom, he had given dpiorepa, left mpoérpeyey, exhorted, encouraged praxdeny, distat v8 vauenyien whotov, to build a irpaxrowy spindle ship a880q, ie was given ¥d ragaBedon, to make a voyage NoTEs 23 Zindevtos, gen. of Buydes. 29 Ilus, the legendary founder of Troy.TPQIKOZ TIOAEMOZ: TO XPYZOYN MHAON Beton als Thy “EASA Teds Erioxeywy TeY beet PaorAlav, Tlavraxod Grebiyonoay airov eluevess- dv BE TH} GUA TOU PaotAkans His Endprns Meviddou ifidn peyéov meprronfascov. “Hypa vwe Sues, bv érovele 0d Meviddou, fipmacs Thy oUzuyov aro 'EMuny xal émiiyayey airriy els ri Tpepdéc. “Ore traviiABev & Mevéhaos, nail Euate 7S ouupev | mpocenitecs rols SpmoGivras fpwas wi réy Bontfowm v' évacrhon rhy yuverie& tou, kal vi peoprion tev OPpfoavra. Tléares of Paothels | rail fpaes THis “EARAGOs tpumoay mpé8uuor es wih TIpdoxAnow-8AN" 45 &xpeidoy ToAYs xaipds fos oF troiacbdow of “ENAnves Bix hv peyédny Toirrny eKotperelay, Bipyivie: BevArrgf. vocasuLaRY BLES teste’ y's vi aaah LON aad Behe ten pettkier cl Ge toy, | “what had happened the king’s there mpogexddege, called, summoned Bese Sverre Seer aa cevass eels) Redes wey ricieed Naat pene: sets Uicaly figecutheroes Ber ethd at tae cour SE fepiowen, to bap bam His Ewaptas, of Sparta ¥" dvaienien, to recover leveAdov, Menelaus va ae fen, to punish sas (olen npn), le guay|_ iu Uppicontas car eter honoured. (with) Wdnoav, they made their ap- eet, a te | eater Tasers eaupetenty tore eet ine ‘one day mpéoxAnawy, call, invitation, Beer towcver mary by dwovvig, in the absence (of) ies Goce pee fi he abducted Axperrti ye wend earate’, we soe ser much time gees, wie of al Des, caring off Eromactiour, were prepared iv Tppabo, the Troad EAAnves, Greeks RrabaNkes, focned 45 814 (with tcc), for pate iene tac aier eeS td Note: 41 The Troad, the country of the Trojans.22 GREEK READER TIEPITAANHZEIE TOY OAYS3EQ= (Literary style) 5 *OBva0es al of ovrpopor atrod euBavres els TE TOI, TH dro hoav mripn Aapipiay, écrérAevocv tx THis Togxibos, éméunotvres v& qBdcwoaw Boo réyioTe els Ty merrpiBcx tev "18sxnv-EAA" 4 BoUNh ‘5 Tiiv Gedy iro SNAn, Bid Gveuos aqoBpds tvedaas Epepev axirovs els THY xeopav rev Knxdveov, ofrives floaw dvBpes Gy pior xed woAeuIKol nari Epdveu- ‘ay BBouKovra Kal Bio &x rev ovvtpspaw To 'OBvodtees, Sovis cLOUs eereAGaov bxeldev yer rev trronerpblvreav Exec wrpbs Thy TieomévyngoV- GAN lnGrepiémcrurrte Thy Maou &xpav, dveros loxupés mivetoas é& &pxTOV, vocanurary 1 mepenhavioas, wanderings abrogs, them Tob VObumetws, "of Odysseus | roy Kicévar of the Cicones (Ulysses) wd aa colrives, who et cbvrpopor aired, his com | Bylo anPavnes cs +8 whofe, boarding | BYpOO MEE emte oie Ebéveuoay, killed Th Srotes which um (on, | tBBowiovra kal 860, seventy-two filled (with), Bons, who Aapépen, of booty , immediately dnémhevaay, sailed dmeX@dv, departed and (setting dx vis Tpwabos, from the Troad out) Enbypodvrer, wishing decider, from there WE gUeouow, to arrive werd ith gon.) with Eeoy raters, as soon ts posible | Tov Smoheifbevton, the remaining ‘thy warpiSa tay, their native land (men) ‘hiss Teac | tekce mpde shy MOondyrngon, set 202° lor BAS), but sail for the Peloponnese Bours, will v6, whe, a 5 qr bed of the gods aire, he wes, beaing up Fro, was ‘Sexine (oe weathering) Bika, dierent si MaXtay bxpev, Cape Males ee pene for af Giiveons repos ofobpbs, a strong win from soloes, biome Sperou, North (constellation of hepev, brought ‘the Bear) ores 1 Odysseus (Ulysses), a Greek king who took part in the Trojan War. He was fated to roam about the seas and in foreign lands for twenty years from the time when he sailed from his native Ithaca to join ‘Agamemnon’s expedition. His wonderful adventures are described by Homer in the Odyssey 4 Ithaca, one of the Tonian islands.TIEPIM/AANHZEIZ TOY OAYZZEQS 23 30 Wenge Tk Thole mpos Thy ArBUny, Kal peré Bexar\uspov SxAaosorrhofav FqGacev els why xepay xv Aotopdyav, ofries foav slonveol ral ginAouxor Kail Alav giAdfevor, erpépovro BE kk tev xapmésv BévBpoy Svouazouivou Aotod. Eivrpogol tives TOU ’OBvosteas veTepSwTES TIpOs ‘odroUs Kai yeudévres é& Too Mapabéfou Tovrou KapToo, Enousynoay 45 vay worpiSa ray, Kal Biv A\Behov v" ércéACoorw arsiben AAA’ ENV & *OBvaceds per’ EMeav awvrpdqar, tmarvityayey adroUs Bic ris Plas els ‘re Whole, Kal eOs éminAevoey & THis xapas TaUTS AAA’ dvel wk tmorpéywo els “ISéxqy, fixPnoou Und av dviueov els thy xopav TV Kuddmav. ‘0 ‘O8vo0eis AoPév nivas éK 7Sv cuvTpégay TOU, Kal 20 dprjous Tols SMous els Te Tota, UEFA v& mepiepyadeH} tev TémoV. Tipoxeopriaavres SAtyov elBov mopes Tous mpéroBas Spous veya owrHAcIoy, VOCABULARY 10 Omer, drove Bay fehov v' dnéASwow, did not iv AiBiny, Libya sh to depart rd (ith ace.) after, anaiey, thence Becarjuepoy OacovomAotay, aten- | eX€dv, comin: ‘day’ cruise Enaviyayer abroés, brought them R4Bacay, they arrived tack roy Avrobéyov, of the Lotus- | 84 ris Blas, by force ‘caters duel vi Emorpéboor, instead of signvueol, peaceful returning Gertiouxos, quiet, fond of quietness | — fxOneay, they were carried Nav, very on5, by $1skevor, hospitable rv Kuedoney, of the Cyclopes Epigovre ty they fed on |, haber aking sv rapwayy the fruits 20 dpijeas, leaving Banspou, of a wee ‘obs aAhous, the rest Svop.alopévoy, called, named TefAse, went out, disembarked Xarod, lotus va mepuepyaodf, to. inspect, to ives, gome ‘examine thoroughly pereBavres mpds abrots, going up | rdv réwov, the place to them ‘poxupiearres, after proceeding _yeudévres &x 100 wapaBéfou roérou | Bdiyov, a little weprod,, having tasted this | «Boy, they saw strange fruit rapa roirs npénoSas Bpous, at the Amonéynoay, forgot foot of a mountain 15 riy warpléa row, their native land | omfAavoy, a cave NorEs: — 9 Teplixaurrre, impf, tense, “he was trying, attempted to « Note The augment -t- (eign of a pant tense) after the prep. Tept~ 12 Explooeros impf. tence, “were in the habit of feeding’ peqa, “I feed scrmebody" pase form gptgonc, feed myrelh” 14 yarns, aor part, of yevovat 18 Biv toacy, “they did not want” Béy always placed before the verb. ¥ énttkbeau, v for He before a vowel. x8 fixOnocv, third pers. pl. aor. pass. of By.24 GREEK READER ral nap 16 orépiov adr00 éyyela WAN yéAaxros, Kal KadOre AAPA tupéiv. “Egayou Romy Tupods Kal Erioy yéAa, kal Ev & Bievootvro wi RaPoow devia Tie ExeIBev Ka ve KaTOBSEW els tk wot, Ege worTE 5, Bafvcov &x rot Penal goPanbs Kéwhany. Toro) IBéiras dn res eptaoay turds 100 onmAaioy, els 7 érofor Ler’ BAlyov elothGdy rai 6 KUO ExAcioe 1 oTSutov avroU Bie rérpas UmrepucyéBous. "Evrae ouNAaPdov xarépayé Twas Tv cwvTpSqay Too "OBvocts -cdrrev BE &pfiKe vk TOY gyn TAevtafo fvexa eivolas, Bidni Eaxev els adrov olvov yAuKty, 30 tov érofoy elye xouloy ue6” favrod &x too wholov. Pevéuevos etOuuos & Kixray & ToU olvov, fiponoe tov ‘OSuaota més Gvopdzero-d Bi drrexpién dn: beoAetro iris, BnAcBA ovBels. — “ASS ot Rome einev 8 Kixhoy, “eal Go otipiov tk Tod yAuelos Toto vocapuLany rap, by, near, by the side of drepneyeous, of large size, very fuoy, aperture, opening reat Eyyeta, pots ivradta, here yExerrosy of mill eubapey, taking hold of Tadao, baskets wrdgaye, ate, ewallowed Gavin eal een then ov, dra ' Heir tanla ira bola, or the ae of sod Steyoodr, they fd in their min ill out of consideration So aaparrdtozeize Nd | gun, aecnune Spvla, lambs Boney, be gave wi waraBidow eis x8 whota, to take | olvov yAundyy sweet wine ‘down to the ships go diye wolon, be had brought xaraBaivov be rot Bowved, coming | °° yet taurody rth him ‘down the mountain {Yeréuevos el€ojios, having become 25 goferos, formidable, tesile drunks s, seeing, beholding ‘poner, he asked rere pes Srgee, wht his name wan iepuBroay, hid themselves irexpiOn, he answer ters ide = Fe et Her” BXlyor, soon, before long, | dexhetvo he was cl toon after * | Oins, Nobody loeNBin, “entered and (having | Sabi, that is 0 say ved) Bes, ive shel, 0, ie ee aie, close “i oy, still another 4 (with ace), by means of cup nérpas, stones 44100 nord, of the drink Nores. 23 TypGv, gen. pl. of Tupés, “cheese.” ‘The plural is used here in the sense of “hunks of cheese.” Hoary and Eric. “For oo cae second avns, ee Grammar, Compare gly eto ing 2, and ine $8. 24 tpdvn, ete..‘The unusual order of words makes an impressive narrative; ‘0 imitate it translate “there appeared, descending from the hill, im hi terribleness, the Cyelope.”TIEPIMIAANHZEIZ TOY OAYZ3E0E 25, * "OBvoaeds EBtoney els cairbv TOAAG AARendAANA Tropic ofveU, feos 35 of karéormos Tov KuxAema MoAtgnpov évaiatnov & THis wens. Tére 6Eivas tiv éxpav xovBpot EURO, Kel nupdans atiriy Kass, AEeTUpDoE ov uovdgSahuov Kiwhora xoiuduevov. ’Ex tiv agobptv movty EnxéyGn Eevio 8 TloAGgnios, Kai MpooeKtAer pardgen Tols EAAous Kércomas, ofnives ei6ds Epanow arpbs 7 orrffctov Ka EEwBer fipdoreov: 40 “Mims 715 0” &xcxoroinar, Tloddenne.” —“Otns uw txexorroinoev,”” Grrexplon exelvos. Ol KiwAoores voulooutes 6x1 mapeppdver EmFAsov els ik orrffonk tev. Ti rpeofar, 6 TloApnios Bik et ouNAsBy Tv" OBvaaEa kxpxéuevov, >pece “Thy nerpav & 705 oToulov Too onmaiou, Kal ex8icos mapa hy pay, kynAdepa Bie Tév XeIptiv Te eEepySrieve mpSPerrar 45 bv ToUTOIS 6 ‘OBuoaeds Kal ol Urronsrplvtes UW pOROI atrrO GUvEEABOV droparfipnto: per tay mpoBdrosv, Bloavres tavtols tmd Tas KoIAlas airay. Otro Aoméy BicowOels énd goBepod xwBlvou, émémhevoey & *OBvadRds Ex Is iis Tv Kudrow, Bioywla BevArrgh. VOCABULARY + repeated, succes- | 40 primus, perhaps ‘ng 0” beaxonoinee, someone has Sor, a eee 35 Karéornoe dvaictnroy, made un- axeives, that one—he Beak dyion (sss ok eaCoeioneya| & SH aPC EE dae | id (Sree oi TTD (hs ll pn goa feeit nym ntccaton” | he pete i te moming pt Meera eens ivres atari Sebpece, removed ae acrerntbe robe aircsfareg ar Se rel dehernetn tk-eutesy |) Memeo: ees Resta, ‘mdash, touched, groped for éfcrddAuwoe, he blinded ‘Sta rOv xapov, with his hands Ro tsdtesesr)paeiapad pipers coop rewnevey, ‘sleeping, while be | 4s ouveffAGor, came out together i roe ob ihptv wovOr, from the | gles ores, ennaticad terrible agony peri Béoavres, after tying, having tied peat Serves fetted uo) xotNias, bellies, stomachs mpoceeder, summoned Jovdter, shouting, yeling bre thus Hpoper, came runs Braoutels, saved fete, from ouside di wavBvou, from a danger paver, asked, inguired drs vis, from the land Noms; — 32 GrrexpiOn, third pers. sing. aor. of the pass. verb éroxplvopon. fe Ob voc. of Obs: niece Be vas me, third pers. sing. vor. of rotor. " 38 érwdyGn, third pers. sing. aor. pass. of Tage, “to shake.’ is 49 Goan! third pers le iegular er. of Tpke HO ran” Alo 43 Ggripece, third pers. sing. aor. of &panpé.26 10 15 20 25 GREEK READER HATTIKH (Modern “etandard”) “0 Gounsiéns, ordv mpddoyov ‘is lovoplas tov Bik tev TleAoTrov- vnoraxsy TékeuOV, TTepIypAget Thy ’ATTRIY ds xOpov “Aewtéyeiov” ral, ouverts, dopo. Tig tev Adyou etry Kal loxupizeror Teds Omfipgev demnAAayuyn dd xoravinds oréons xi Eror Srertignge tévroTe ToUs [Biovs KarolKous. Kat mpéyuort. Nouizer xavels wes ol eedror xérroikot tis "ATTIKiS, 1 eBixk beeivor rol émegéoioay vk Kvlocwy ty Toh Gv "ACHUESY, Biv elyav tre? yer Tous vee ylvouw yecryot, offre ve zfioow amd te sxpolévre Tis yfis Tous. ‘Auch 69s 4 repicoproulyn mepoys, od AkyeTan "Artic, Exe TOKAES es quarts Guopgits xa xapiopera, med Ti Exauav Kal tiv KéuvoUY -OAY oTrouBaiar xal ov elptivn Kai orév TréAELOV. Ol yrwooordyor loxuplEovrer Tas A AEs ’ATTIKA Eyer thy dpxth ns &md 78 pliuer “&yxeo,” rd 1S Strotey wopéyera xi f AlEis dart Ki Ero: 6& mpimer v& oniciver ufver ys, Tod Exe goryee émd Ti ‘Stacoa, v4 toxnuérioe KéATIOUS i dxptoripia pepe Ka peytino, Breas rail elven oy MpayyarKé Tn Ta. "ANAS, BePatens, 4 "Arrieh Biv O& elye reaie Biapopsv dvd Tes BAAES “EnAnvinis érapyits, &v 0” avTAV Bev edplorero fh meplpnun yikelkoormivte ral wAlov aléives, méMis Tésv "AGNUeSV. Tébpae, weds 6idAefav avr 7 ulpos of TpGroI KéoIKO Tis *ATTIKys ‘ic vec xrlaouy Tes "ABtives, Bév mpdkerron ve 8Enytlowue oTHY oUvTOUNY cexiriyy wert vas. “H mepioxth tfis "Arrinfis elven xertk 18 whelotov Spewi. Al meBidbes cms elven WoAY wepiapiouives. Kal wk tufuarré Ths dxéux Tod elven rerrornuéva, Blv urropoUve vee woUpe mais elvat TeAslos e616 yier 1 EBapés Tous Exer ueydes éveoponies. VOCABULARY ‘ArracAtin 5 Wie tov Aéyow adréy, for thi 8 Gourvdibns, ‘Thucydides 7. it is affirmed, it -d spy mpéhoren in Bua rv Hedonowotaxdy néhenov, ‘on the Peloponnesian War Serger, was swepeypdibas, describes Seppkaynivn dé, free from Xepav, a country souerele aries social ape Xerréyeov, of thin (or poor) soil caval, revolts guvends, consequently va Brot, and thus &gopoy, barren Bronce, preservedBRATTIYE, Wh Ae 27 eon sare denen TAETWoN "tata te sme | ek toun rll, tae Tindfanstiant cthetame | Sxpurfga, promontory apes, oct of peopl) fed regen perheoal thought @AA4, but . mpGrot, first, BeBaiws, in fact, to be sure, of TCE capecaty Coane TEP evioorn, decided | 0atee nome Badopér would ala nove ar dec say town, tg zo getpl pron Tee Ta hess, had oot |” Sr Sate by tponry if. Sage igen thre “ivcn_yepyst, to tesome | mulpyey, sone famous gia ramen) Seni eect cate nor BY Fess ote ioe ci x0 spn, otc Spent Ma er wae wy pinto ited Bicheder dae ono tion pase Aéyerat, is called i ‘va wrloouy, to build TERE Giouts onophite, | Spec, inno et before any cabelas er apa erinore givens wa Meneeee i oePan sar made Seer te henley import [ay SGN hin, forte ma “etrn pane ae HOES, chicas ehh, enumiinon rivet webb, plane doc on Topas 75 Geo tangle, howe goes ene smapayerat, is derived Lobe cpa inter ts Seth shore, bere, const Ene iret va onpaiver, it must Teen eect Ba moana. ce cewlre, if SRE | | gabe loll, ‘tnijna, piece, section ‘yyarl, because Talayboihasbeen nibbledayay | tabos, ground teXaoon, sen | GyoneRtes, unevenness (of ground) NoTEs: sn dha a ae 1 Attica, ancient province of Greece, now Attica and Boeotia, FA alae necte the history of the Peloponnesian War (431-404 8.c.) between Athens and. Sparta. ‘ 8 Athens che capital of Greece, built on « number of low hills in the Athens, Poe Ethie Plains population about 750,000. Te was a city of Fee oe Sicendy at the Rime of the introduction of the reforms of Solon in 594 5.28 GREEK READER ‘Exelvo Tro & xowbs ““ENAnY Myer fuepa "Artix, Siv elven rape 30 wik éAvalba émd Bound, wnt Kat xeuNAg, TOU oxnuarr!zouv Eve ftKs= Woy, W Ever dpkeré cpt) AexcvoréBio oT wégov, Tov elven Kal 7S rarornuévo tpi ms. Te Bows kpatotv 78 éveroAiKd, 73 Bépeio kal 18 opeoButixd tuft Kal yépvouw émond dred oxebbv Os Thy @ddaoo To’ Kpatel 18 vério, 78 voricGvTixd Kal 7B voTioaveTeAIKd 35 “Tufipe. ‘H dduotba adr ra» Povey nal 6éAco0c 07S Péos He x6 dravsvioTS cms rel wogd we 18 puowRd Arpdvi Too Tleipends ov ufoov, Fouvav ‘tiv “Armin oxebdv émpdoBAnry x &md wiv Enp& xt éxd Thy WéAacoe, 5 rou Tb Popy TupoodiKd ra 7 éspeMAdvo Kerré—rTpAyaY Te @UTTKE 40 tuméBia xal 7é gpodpta. “OAsAnpo 7 AcccvoniBIo THis "Arms ofhuepar elven xoronKnutvov. AL *Adfjves, 4 mperevoucn to "ENAnvKod Kpérous, ue 7b ériveiS ms ‘ray Tleipaik xa Tots GvaprOufirous oworriayods Kal & mepixcop& 15, Eyxodidzovw axeBsy dh Thy KeroiRhotun mreptot Kal xécToTs évePatvoUY 45 Sxdyeral orés pees résv Bowvésv nal orat's Adgous uiKpods Kal ueyeAOUS. Erxd xaunAcrepo ulpos Tot AexavoreBiou axirou, 6 Teipeneis, #\ mpeoBU- ‘ep Ouyartpa THis ynpatas adriis untépas ub why coBapéy fiAuiov av 25 aldovav, elven reba dynahtooulvos, oxeBdv kvoutvos ue tes *ASTives. 50 ‘0 Tlapaieds ofuep cfu yeyadotrrents. Elven 6 orrovBaisrepos Aushy is “EAASB0s x1 Evas éd ods tieyadutépous ‘iis Meaoyefou. “H meédis adm} Exar tpyoo8F oxAnpk& rail ut mpayverinhy égoofeaow Yad is *Adfives Kal SAny Thy "Artsy oThy &pxenétmTe Kal Ye BANY ‘Thy “EANSBa re vedTepa xpdvia. "Hrav Kai elvan 6 tpopobsmns Tous. 55 Eri dpyoubrnra txet doweSuevey Sxdun xi & wodeuinds o7Shos Tis evans *ASnvatifis Anuoxperias, "*ASFives ub duu oi ut 68x BE 6% uropotioay wk Umépfouw wort, Sy Biv Unfipye 6 Meipmeds. Ta ueydde Tehyn, wo xrlaOqKay pens Th Kerraotpoph Tay *Anvév dnd tous Mipous, mepeAduPavav Kal Tov 60 Magond. 2rd Epiotepd uépos oi Tlpads, PAérovtas mpbs TH Oéeeaa, slver ‘T& O6AnpA, Tlahaudy Kal Néow, rol Exouy Ti TBiou HAmcia ud tes *ABFiVES rail Tov Teipand neil To irfipav évedotaa toy Tufivar fis *ABnvatis Anuoxparias ori dpyerérnre Kal cwStovten Eroi ut 6A Thy foropiaw 65 ™s. VOCABULARY owés, ordinary, common, 4uei8e, chain Miya Boxed unin 3a, toda rik hi Bir res wap, is but sume low 30 ids a exnparitowy, formH ATTIKH SD. VOCABULARY fpuedudtoy, semicircle 45 paxes ridges ‘Sous, hills (ut fa), with a nerd, sufficiently bps, wide, spacious Aexavoré6io, plain (surrounded by hills) rd péoov, in the middle ‘parody, command varohixd, eastern, Bépeto, northern Speroburix6, north-western lrvooy incline, ben rad Gadd, very gently ‘oxe5év, almost 6s, as far as, to véro, southern vorioburixé, south-western xeqoororolis,soutrsarern Bos, backeroun 18 deavévior6 rns, its irregularities te ud together with | impéeBknmy, unattac me dn6, both from + and from énpé, land &$ Grou, until 78 apd! supoPohucs, heavy gun- deponAévo, aeroplane wardorpepav, destroyed 40 euné8.a, obstacles $pedpte,stiongholds ‘iehnpo, the entire pital WY Kpérous, of the Avapioudrous, numberless ‘owowxtopods, settlements ‘ra neplyopa, environment, dyeahatour, embrace arousjowsn, inhabitable teémore, sometimes vaBatvouy, ascend NOTES: — a 50 55 4 mpcoibirepn luyarépa, the eldest Ulughter ynpeAéas, old Bpav Adve, grent age dyxahtaopévos, interlocked évapéivos pé, united with, joined to adouweXtsy a large city 8 omovbaisrepes, the busiest ris, Meooyelou, ‘of the Mediter- Seat Epyoots, has worked (or ‘thowred) hi cokes ard ‘reayparuciy, rea Bhoolwow, devotedness only dpxaiéryra, in antiquity sire xo, in ae ies popobsrns, supplier ik fev ora station twohqunds orélow, mary dni prosperiy pmopesoay va dmdpfour ort, could never have been ebcq, wall, wav, were built tier, after karaorpodyy destruction dnd robs Mépous, by the Persians srepueAdpBaver, included ameb Spuarep’ ppoe, Bdérovras ‘apis facing the sex 18 O4\qpa (pl), Old and New Hatton (the. tro Pha wahaisy, old Svanéonacrov, inseparable, indi soluble . evvBiovrat, are linked together Biber 08 oeactet Ret Miter) ces Gad Cult oP egies pophthicat 251,000. Founded by Themistocles about 490 2.c. 62 Old’ and New Phaleron, two seaside resorts.GREEK READER Fupes amd es *Abfives of dvapfOanrer ouvorxtoucl ue Tas LoThpves warroikles Tovs, ub 1& Aatick xévrpa TOUS ub 1 Tome xeGuer Kal TEs &dNes couopeils TOUS, éwroTeoGy aTShious ye Tés "ABfives Kal GEAYOUY ‘rods Sivous tmioxdrrtss, 70 Kail raparrtpar rods tb Popstoaverohimd, 76 Pépeto ral 7d BopetoBuTIKD ‘ufjuc TOU AravortBiou, mpds TEs Umopeles BNA. Tv Powvisy, je arehedrryty ctip& dd yoopid xal KovoTIs, Ut Gpalous gpouroxtrous ral évoxtirous, pb mpacwé8a, Kodo xpuoTeAAVo vepd val uoTiove Giperpa, Thainavewy Thy tmépoxny elxSva Tred oxnuarizer 78 KaToI- 75 wnévo uflue: Tis “ArmiKis. Tirore Sus Bt wrropet ve Eerepdost, ole xv vk @ldoet Thy duopple ral Th xdpn Taw ’ARNVEV. M? &ho rol &md 15 wEayos 6 tmoxerms Th Bploxst uiew &md wes Enpdrepes nodes His Mesoyelou, 4 tvrimaon rol Talpyer o&y merfoel 80 78 7681 TOU avy “alaoviav wéAw” elven WOAY Biagoperi«h. Alber THy Eprimaon wodQovis Tod dtroxakinrre pb mpoooy, ov uk Béows, ee x0, TS. 2A TO Avxainrréy, Tod elven & unAsrEpOs Abgos THs, uArOpET rawvels vé Oouudoer SAn oxeBSv Thy *Arrukch ue An Ty Koronenudyny 85 ficroer} THs, Uagd He TH Zahaulva, To Th xeopiget WE AcplGer npactvou dnd thy "Arsieh, t& meplgnua 8nd. ove, Grou 6 EXAnvinds oTShos fowoe thy Edpdnn, ub tiv xavootpogt THis Tepomfis Buvdues. amd Thy ‘AKpértohn, Srrov Tk pnpsla THis KAaoonKyis THs alyns, Enou 8 TlapSevdy uk Thy éxerrSBANTH odon TOU oTeKEL UEAGYOAIKES 90 Garepa éxrd why éroyduvtoan ro Era, propel & tmoxtarrns v? éverplEN 25 aldiveoy aBiéatatov ueyarelov, Tov f} mépobos To xpévov TO Gerouencpiver dvi vée-7d Whnovéger pds 78 Odverro. "Exel, oTbv “Bpéyov? adtéy, Tod Tov yaiSevoww of adpes too “Yunrrol, otév Snoto wart ‘rev ovyxpovoy "EOvieéy omy Tedauay “*yehé 4) TlevtéAn,” 8 peyas 95 “Ayyhos oopkaoTis Bépvopt 2 olowévOnke oePaondy x & mpdmy Boctheds ~fis Bperravixiis At-roxperroplas érrépuys v" éxovasi éEnyfors eal Tepry paps. VOCABULARY ‘yépw &x6, around drorehodv, constitute orépves, modern orohiopa, a beauty (lit. ornament) karoudes, dwelling-houses Bedyouy, attract Rated, lay, secular robs. févous émonéeres, foreign xévrpe, centres visitors 70 mepanépa, further on romxd, local Bepeicavarohixd, north-eastern xpGj, colourH_ATTIKH 3r VOCABULARY Smupeies, country situated on the | foot ofa mountain SqA., namely, i.e. arehesenrn, endless upd, row xenrd, villages Koponbhes, country towns $pouronous, orchards iMéonijrous, (Hower) gardens esowate, lawn pio, cool kpuorahAwo, (clear as) crystal Biperpa, holiday resorts wheindvewy, “surtound with 9 tiv Umépoxny eikéva, the excellent Bice 76 rinore 86, nothing va Senspaget, (0 surpass bie nav v8 $86oe, nor even equal is. arrive at) 1 Bho mod, notwithstanding that fréAayos, sca Bpiones, finds Papers, the dullest (le nest évrémoon (vrimoots), impression saipver,uets, receives mares 18 45. rou, sets foot on, ‘reads the ground of $0 aluviav, eternal mond Biagoperie}, quite different Biba igs Enon he reveals, discovers ‘mpocoxt, attention aay je Béoets, in doses, as it were; Tiele by litde va nibs, its harms (or attractions) AuxaBinrrév, Mt. Lycabettos, 8 Yndsrepes, the highest i eavels, one cin Wa Gavpéoe, admire 85 racy Enramis), estent, area th Zahauive, Sslamis xupibe, separates Kapiba strip ‘mpacivou, of green NoTEs: 83 Mt. Lycabettos (910 ft.), the highest hill wit 90 95 ‘orevd, narrows, strait ioucs ved ‘riv Elpanny, Europe Tis, mepouchs Suvaueus, of the ‘Persian power wyqucta, monuments, Mis wAaoouniis ems atyAns, of its classical splendour 6 Mapteviv, Parthenon dxaraBhnrn, indomitable xpdon (xpos), structure ert sands weAayxehueés, melanchol fovepe dé, afer anoyipvoon (&moydpvoes),strip- ping Eade, it guffered ¥" évarpéén, to trace back Ssiéeroror, undiminished heyahetoy, greatness HV népobos 100 xpdveu, the lapse of time dmopanpives, removes, places at a Sa dvr va76 mAnowifer, instead of ‘bringing, near Bréxey, crag, cliff xeidecouy, caress aipes, breezes ‘00 "Yumrrod, from Mr, Hymettus ar, fctording xpover, contemporary feniy, national srounriy, poet adap, Palarnas ‘yehay lacs evréAm, Penteli, Pentlicon 6 ndyas “AyyAos capragris, the great English satirist Bépvapr Eo, Bernard Shaw aigrévOnee, felt eeBaoudy, reverence, veneration & pony, the late Baotreds, king ‘ris Bperravixs Abroxparopias, of the British Empice dméfuye v’éxotoas, escaped listen- ing to aknyfoets, explanations sreptypagis, descriptions in the precincts of Athens, 85 Salamis, an island in the Gulf of Agina, famous for the naval victory of the Greeks over the Persians in 489 8.c.32 GREEK READER Kécreo # Tina, Srrou eyewtion 6 Eevepcs Abyos, 8 "*Apetos Thkyos Grou Beeriaén f BixaioaWyn, al eTHAes Tad ’OAvirtfou Bibs, 16 CkarTpO 00 tot Atowiaoy, # TIUAn Tol "ABpravoli, 1 Onaeiov, xall Sri GAO depfixay ol ctopyinol Emoxérres, elre ody voraxmrés, etre ody pehernrts, tlre ody gihet Kal giogevoupevor, Méoe: or0¥s Bpéuous Tésv ’AOnvav, propel éxSucr xavels v? dvriAN ER Kapubnies ei ‘Epuets, umropet v? dxovon Zaxpernxts ovgnrtions. XL 05 *ApiotoTeAiKols épiovous, wropeT v& cuvavfjoe! Tlepndets, “Apiorelbos 4 axépo xémrou xéwou Kal xaviva "ANKiPieSqy, uTopel vk dappavOf ‘thy wopdBoon 25 aldwew, vk méper IBka THis "Ayoptis Kal THis "ExeAnolas -ToU Aiuou, v& omrABott TEs Epyarohoyints TOV ywdotis Kal vé Tpoxloe! tis wonrnikds, Opnoxavtikés Kal gidooogixés ou IBS. 10 ‘0 tmoxdarrns nropet wk tépmero ut Thy IBkx més TOUR (ITO Trorel ‘re 1Bja yonore TOU Enéermoay 6 Tlepnias ral 6 Zoxpéems, Ts propel cOxohar val xcopls xérro vd Teprmerrjoes Seas of Teprrarnrixol OrASTopOr, v& ougnmioa Stas of Eramol, vy’ dxoae 7S “éxovadueds cov Kal ‘rédv” Tov fixousey émd TOUS *Anvetious 6 “‘omepuOAdyos,”” KpUE 15 Tol 'Ayvaorou Oxol, "Artdotohos Tlavhos. ‘Aarts elven al *AGfives, Bi& Tos "Apyclous “ENAGGOS tpetoua Acaudviov reroAleOpov”” (woxixnpa THis "EAREos, Ockx TEM) 20 B1& TOUS oUyXPsVOUS, TposKUYAUA, CTOUEA, avToTYYKETpHIOT. Kai *Arvix Biv elven throte GNAo Tapé al *ASfives. Elvan éxet yc vk 81801 78 Tlevrentioro udpiapo, 7 ued Tot “Yunrrod, ‘rods 3epupous iis Tlépuntas wal Té umdiner tis Pups. VOCABULARY kara, down below hry gate 4 Mivina, Hill of the Pnyx rod ‘Abpiavod, of Hadrian Snow, where ‘18 Oyotiov, the ‘Theseion dyewiOns was, born. Sn Hddo, anything else (that), 8 theddepos héyos, free speech ‘whatever ‘Apaios Nayos, the Areopagus Adina, left Weonladn # Bixaioodvn, laws were | eropyixoi, loving, enacted, dre. . . ire, whether . . . or Bucaiootvn, justice karacrnrés, conquerors orfides, columns, pillars eAernrés, students Tod ‘Ohupmiou Aids, of Olympian | §ido, oe ojroieey cu jorpoy theatre paca oveds Bpspous, in the streets 00 roi ‘Aiovéoou, of Dionysus # Sonhng iy noticeH_ATTIKH VOCABULARY Kapudnbes, Caryatides ‘ixoha, easily Epusis, xepls, without Zunparuds, bro, trouble gutnmieas, debates, discussions v8 wepurarfo, walk 05 “AptaroreAinoss, Aristotelic, ol Tepewarnrixal @:Adoogot, the Sptonovs, definitions Peripatetica va cuvavrioet, meet, come ag Zest, the Stoig ‘acrous seouoatebd cou kal wad (Classi- Nepueheis (pl. of the name ea a ttt eee of the aan pioreibas (pl. of the name cowepuodsyos, idle babbler ‘Aristides) wepub, herald for as rob. ‘Ayviiorou @c00, of the rlorow xéou, from time o time, ‘Unknown God Sccasionally “Anéorohos Madhes, the Apostle “Aaiidbyy, Alibindes Baath pears v8 Soppavdf have an inkling of Fpacye, support bi ctergh eres eu Sree as ey of the Ago (ee mroniebpov (mths), see Notes tie, Endnotes roo Aiyou, of | Griz Uivie a eer ee Notes 20 pooxivnjia, a shrine r:ABéoe, polish up onovbi, 2 Epyaiodoyuxés, archaeological Sra Sexe aris aie sireovyndvrpamy (ors), «sel wa rpoxion, improve recat espn a 18 Myra wépnape, Pentsic Spnoneuriess, religious is dhovoduxés, philosophical ee PRT vg 10 va. réprerat, to be delighted robs Ledipous vis Mdpvntas, the roONsxwro, at least West Winds from Me. Parnes ware, earth ra prévia ris Thugddas, the Taxpdrms, Socrates ‘baths of Glyphas ers ee 88 Acropolis, the citadel of ancient Athens, founded in times immemori It included the Parthenon, Propyliea, Erechtheum, etc. ‘93 Mt. Hymettus, a hill in the neighbourhood of Athens, celebrated for its honey. 94 Palamas, a Modern Greck poet. 8 Mt. Payx and Me. Arcopagus (Hill of Ares). In a depression between these hl ib said to have been the seat of the Ateopagus, the Athenian 04 Rapuerides (Caryatides), female figures used as columns for the support of an entablature sEovets(Hermac), quedeangular,sign-posts_ from classical, times, terminating in a bust of Hermes or some other deity. Socrates, Aristotle, Pericles, Aristides, and Alcibiades, famous Atheni~ fans of antiquity. “Ayers (Agora, marke-plce, political meetingplace of the ancient Athenians. °734 GREEK READER PG Ae ee eee Elva yite ve &Eummpersd tes *ABfives. 25 “EG«ce Kal Bi6e OTUs *ACnvafous To “érriKbY Gas.” Woy Tobs GmoPontet v? dvmipereorizouv Shes tovs tas dvrifosrntes. 1. Kurc. VOCABULARY vA ifummperei, to serve, to minister | bwoBonQet, helps 9 dvnperonigouy, to face a5 arrundy Gas, Artic salt, wit, Lvngoomres, knocks of fortune, humour ‘obstacles, opposition. NOTES: —— *ExAnola tot} Afwiou (General Assembly of the Citizens), a legislative body in Ancient Athens summoned on special occasions to decide vital questions, rz Mepimarmmot (Peripatetics), a name given to Aristotle's followers for walking about while teaching. 1g St, Paul visited Athens and the Acrcpolis on his missions. 18 rrroAleBpov, Homeric form of the word WéAIs, in the sense of citadel, 22 Pentelie marble, used as building material in Ancient AthensuMAKPYA TA ZENA” 35 EMIEIZOAION EK TOY AGHNAIKOY MYOIZTOPHMATOE “MAKPYA ETA ZENA” (Athenian Colloquial) Ex6 omit 100 KovtérrovAou Kovels dxéun Biv elye nerrohdper thors. 4H Baoxtdvoon WBetnyqoe, éreos wévre, vas Erne werd ue Th Piro 45 vail Ererrax otis SxrG> Thy EPade ver KoWUND. VOCABULARY ory in the &Seinvpee, had supper Grin, house Bros, are Kovrénouhow (surname) raves, always amis (.. « » 849), nobody End, seven asp (689), (not) yer ald pe, together with axe, had Pira (emale Christian name) karaAépie, understood, beenaware | 5 aly and of Enewra, afterwards simora, anything bees, eight Baordhiova, female teacher, gover- | rv tpae, she put her ‘ness wa count, to sleep NoTEs: 3 076, contraction of els 16. revels, Keviula, Kovly or Kawivas, Kopi, Kovéve, indefinite pronoun, declined gs the cardinal els or Evas respectively, In the absence of negative it means “anyone”; with a negative “no one”; in answers Rg gne.?” Examples: fiw FOg revele (or dv Diby wryives), we Hort yas, “if anyone comes, be polite.” naves Bév_ ue fKOUDE, no one ioe me, fBes xowlye O78 verorpaour xavive, “did you see anyone HIxe KoroAdBer, third pers. sing, pluperfect of the verb xerroRauBave, “to tS kndertnd “to be aware” (for the formation of the pluperfect, ainota, Demotic for irore. 4 Booxthioan ~ BibaoxéAiooe. Translate here: “governes ABeinnge, ied pers. sing: aor of the verb Eenv, “to vup,” “to take ‘maura, Demotie for mévrote, eras birré, “at seven o'clock.” LE with ace, oF bi with ace, is used instead of the older oy at. Th = Tiv. In the Demotic 1H is used before a noun commencing with consonant, and Av before a vowel. 5 Bone, third'pers. sing. aor. of BEANE. ‘Thy fore ve Koinndh, “she put her to bed” (lit. “to. sleep” ound, third pers. sing. aor. subj. pass. of the verb Komp, “to sleep.” "This is an instance of a pass. verb with act. meaning. For the formation of the aor. sub. pass see Grammar ‘—The Enalish infinitive after a past tense is rendered in Modern aie hy voy Siewed by tne seiventys ba tice tnsencs ecru6 GREEK READER *O Kovrérounos tyuipiae Kerri tes tide: map& terapto Ka ele roy Grenpém Srav elve Erower vk aepBipn. Eniiye al Ké@noe 076 ypagsio Tou vk youn éver ypduua, *EvSuioe én 4 yuvuaixa tou elve ovHy dupe ens Kell 6& KaréBp. 10 *AgOU TeAsleoe 7 ypduner Tou, exrimnae To xoubotm, kedwoge Tov ‘trenpérn wal too ebe: — N& oxpBipere xed mire vis xuplas v& karréBy. “H wupler B8v byUpioe éxéuc, Kipie. °O Kovrémovios txtirrage 7 poAdi Tov. 15 —"Ewvia vai térapro. THeplepyo, ayi@vpiae. "H Katrn vk yuplon é00 doy; Tas 18 mote; “ExéGnoe val Thy Erepiueve, VOCABULARY ayépioe, turned, returned 10 dod, after sar, about (ume) edetoe, finished ivvia mapa rérapro, a quarter ¢ ixrémyoe, rang i xouBodv, bell Epavate, called ‘av brepéen, manservant to him Baw, when ce aa eve itis ig wupias, (co) the lady, Eroxpa, ready Scope (=axoym), yet visoepBipn, to serve (at table) rept, sie fhe went inérrate, looked at 5, sat down ponst, watch Ypadeio, writina-desk 15 mepiepyo, strange, odd ‘Tou, his Rdipiec, murmured Biel, 10 wie Kaley (female Christian name) edna, letter apy, late Svéi0e, thought 1s, how rt, that wit ‘yovaixa, wife ‘rate (vate), suffered, experi- éwapa, room ened Ga eareBq, will come down amepineve, waited for NOTE eset et cea sepa Eagan 6 tate Tas Brkt nape repay Sebous a quater to aines* Bry Canal sece png aoe at bres apy Eroti, adv. In the Demotie, the ace. pl. of the neut. form of the adj. a TER, frequently serves for an adv. yah cdl Peseioase oe reer Ge sit, thr pe. sng aor, of rab, 8a a Ho, Dempeae far Yoapeion Uibot sk yn) ohn see devon tor varltap Macothar’ exampla|of hay to translate the English infinitive after a past tense (see Note to KOIUnOf, line 5 above), \9¢ instead of ExcOnge after a word ending in a vowel. ‘Thus: Kel Ké¢noe, Ygiitas Pemote: for tmoroM. ivéuiae, third pers. sing. aor. of voulze, “to think, fGample of he regular focmaton ef ths abe. af were ending ta “Sat Gace ‘elve, variant of elven, iyéno), “to go.uMAKPYA ETA ZENA” 37 eee een Eb wot Bper Sues Epyice ver dvnouy} poPept, *H dvnouyia tou tpdage Gt Alyo oT8 xerroxépugo. 20 *Egdvafe tov tpi val tov épdrrnae +l dpx Eguye A Kup, Eris 8 A Eq vel mot, 88 Ovsotpen éxpiPAs. —Aiv tine throva of xavive; Exiv xovapilpe ts: Odvage why EN. SH Onnpérpia AIAG, GAAK Bly fifeps cfhrota, dvafE wou va dus, a5 eine 8 Kovrérounos orév impém, yepls vk SelEq xem taper, *Hrav G8iverro wk gavraodi) tye Téro.0 Bpaina oT yor Tov. MaNRov tnloreve 61 ovvén aviveréevixnper ovhy Kain. VocanuLary of (=e), in ckayaptépa, parlour-maid bal Femperptay mnaidservant ipa, hour Nbc, came Bi, however 6 ee oe, began epe, knew 2g wwnouxii, to be uneasy Bude, carriage, cab opens erbly 25 xople without ivnouxia, uneasiness, anxiety va deigq, to show ‘€40ave, arrived at, reached xappid tapaxy, any agitation Nyovlitie raw, was tearaxépugo, culminating point AB6var0, impossible 20 tpornee, asked v8 gavraotfj, to imagine gris Hin (mods Wa six o'dock eters ee 24 (84), not Beet aes cece! fnioreve, believed dxpiBGs, exactly ouvéBn, happened co? Kavéva, to anyone Grdxnua, accident OB xa ci 9 68 reriPn, third pers. sing, fut. of rovaBaive 10 tgeoveke, Thied pers. sing. nor, of parse. 12 ve oegploere, a form of the imperative, v8 + pres. subj 14 beirraée, third pers. sing, aor. of KUTTEg. nai emote for Spaksyion, waich 15 fovic kal “reropro, a quarter-past mine. flan = 16 "mabe = Enate, third pers, sing. aor. of the verb wroBatves, “to suffer. mae 18 robe, (with acute C) accent on 76 to compensate for the lo Of the augment) is idiomatic. Translate: “what's wrong?” 19 Egdace, third pers. sing. aor. of @Odva. Ayo, Demotie for éhlyov. ob Ayo, Reyondpugo = Karoxépupoy. 5 a gt ‘Kekenian colloquial for Demotie owls. ‘The Literary Style has is 16s. Gvpouscn, frst pers. sing. pres. of a pass, verb with act. meaning. Ce faa gavage, second pers. sing. aor, impera ted by the imperative in English. a little.” of the verb gavégo. ‘Trans38 GREEK READER Mise ord adéi, &s rou vk g85on oT0i Xépn, povehoyotior. —'H Kaien vk wiv fp8q omfnt ts: 30 Erod Xépn Bpfixe 78 dvtpéywvo ory tpaezapla rod Ewoupve TS Kage tou verde 18 Beinvo, Mafiee uéoc: Tapaynévos. — or pov, Bev uMropG) ve KaTEASBe tl ovuPatver emis you. Tiy Kate tiv efBere 1 éoréyevue: 35 — "Ox, 7 pal frav 866, drives ue gonpdrara 4 Tze. Ma ri tpéxer; Tati Exere téro10 gos: —"Equye éé is révte dd 78 otn, Biv elme of kevéva rod myadvet wal ds Tépa BE yUpior. VOCABULARY wéoay inside $04, friends sou, until tkmop, Lean vd $8doq, to arrive; (here) he iBare; did you see? arrived dnéyeupa, afternoon Xépq (surname) 35 xs, n0 Hovoheyedee, soliloquized, mut- |” pal, morning fore 2 himeat #80, here wiv, not andvemoe, replied va pb (vd EXO), to come we, with 3 flies found nd and wite, | umedrara, animation rapa "| Mpoihie (emale Chistian mame) ‘paneLapia, dining-room Eraipve, took al tpéxes; what is the matter? ees ‘part; why? aie egos hee wag! nena feieyos aippee Sasi bon aiest pote aera ord Tapaypévos, agitated, troubled &s, until pe ec 24 Me, third pers. sing. aor. of Epxouat, “to come.” ‘Akeoe, third pers. sing, aor. of Eépe, “to know.” dvaéE uou, “call me.”” Notice the two accents in gdva§E before the possessive enclitic ov. ‘The word in question is to be pronounced with & strong stress on the first syllable and a slight secondary stress on the last syllable preceding the unaccented ov. 7 dus861, Demotic for * &uaka. 25 xepis ve BelEn, “without showing.” Note the different construction in Me two languages. va BelGq is yoncrally translated “to show,"" but after 9. the English usage fequires the pres. part. 26 Angulo, third per. sing. mf. of the ausilary verb eum, “to ébwvero = ébuvarov. 2g, ownibn, nor. of the impersonal verb ovyBalva, “it happens.” 28 ulow orb duid&1, “in(side) the carriage.” 5 Tou ve g@don, “until arriving.” arot| Xépm, “at Choris? (house).” ‘The Greek construction is “to (or 38) Choris.” uovonoyotce, third pers. sing, aor. of yovoRoya.“MAKPYA 2TA ZENA” 39 Th dunouxets: Kérrt 6& His ouvén, Amigo 8x1 go BvodpeoTo, raik clgvibia eBrodeols. O& Euewe at revive yuootd oni. Ma Biv Test wort ob yuwors mms omit ve uelvn xeopls ve He mpoeiBorrorjon. Alv 1d Exer Kévet arind Troté. "Exot eve, Gras col Akwo — elne & Xépns — tows rol Eyer yupion 45 078 onin. TH Tzovara fv +2 pera) lye onkinOAl pO1a Kai mpoeTadotoe wit qavil woxpaiun. TS mpdccnd rns tye Tepe cOBaph Eppacn. ETye Spxioer v& xaranaBaivy —""Axouss, elm ordv dvrpar ms, ovate, ih Brsgeo¥e pd Teavrds, 50 8x1 Yorepind nwrvera. "Ey dmosprégopan réer, AAA Biv. elton Peale AN, wat tlw? abrd; VOCABULARY ‘ef, ah, alas mpoonatodoe, endeavoured, tried, Yates, with it made an effort a8, nm), and whatever | wa avg) f0 appear, to seem insite, 1 hope ; Voxpain, cool, composed fo Bergperoy toplowant, diapee- | pbray, fice a ge mdpe, ad assumed algvigsa, sudden ‘coBapy, serious, grave Sbtateota, indispostion Eepeon, exprenton 4 tyes, she will remain varrarahoyBavgy to understand fyoors, acquainted, known Browse listen ear es Serpa, husband Tord, ever arabe, stop HTTnpeiioosion, co inform, co | Bikey donot ben a huey sive, done 50 ferrepucd, hysterical Root ao, tus scvjpere, movements, gestures Reo’ (Cheyer), Tsay, Teel iyo, fous, perhaps : Sropstonat, T suspect Brg jerably in the meantime dst something conn Hise got UP BeBate, sure Spa, seraight, erect, upright Kero, down below syne eg 29 uty, instead of uh, before a vowel in the Demoti Epon, Athenian colloquial for EAB9. Gri, “home” or “at home.” Used adverbially without the article. 4o fon, third pers, sing, or of Bpows to hinds Move, third pers. sing. mpl, of alpv%s,. “to. take.” Note that Gvepoywo, “married couple,” fs treated as a singular. ‘Translate here: ‘Shey were taking.” ‘The impf, as in this instance, often expresses a progrensive of continuods action, a1 hers, prep. with ace 32 Guntice, third pers. sing. aor. of LBalves, “to enter. Spayulvos, pert. pass, part. of the verb Topérre>, “to agitate,” “to Ginweb.” ‘Teansiated by the past part. ia English. 34 eltare, second pers. pl. aor, of PAlre, “to see: 33 cl we ors; “what about it?” “what has that to do with the case?” 40 Bvodpeore40 GREEK READER “Exere 19 Sud xdere, wUpte Kovrérouns; Tléue ome oa. Elve weprrT8 vi ylvn oxdvBahov. Kai mply mpopSdcow & Xépns eal 8 Kovtérouaos wk &vAngdow, Eouye ypriyoon &rd hy tparegopls Kal yUpiae eU8us, é@oU gépeoe Eva 55 ToAT® al EBaNe 7B xamtého THs. —Tpttyopa, yettyops, wavs emir oas, Biv mplmet vk xéoaue obre Aewrd. "lows odawpe éxéun viv meploreon, dv Biv Ex yiver &xeivo roi vowize. £0 Xépns Kal 8 Kovrérovnos Thy dKoRoweneay. Mnijxav on? dui 60 Erb Bpop0 # TzovAve ue mrpoquAdgers ye ve uh BIEN rev KovrsrIOvRO, ‘rods mapentiece wk ui) THis émeustvoww éparrtgeis. Mpconedotce Sho v& YEA yiek ve ah Baden Kowpd orev Kovrérrovho ve Thy parm. ‘wepwrré, superfluous, unnecessary obowpe, we save Segal oot nite acct cate re eens rpeieloos had time 60 Spépo, road, way ai aad» | ST am ‘era ; we for. Y paver rs sae va ens to eee var affect a ome eee at Secs oer 55 wamwéAo, hat B)o, all a coe siete see oss eS. aig aecmean re eee 4 tues third pers, sing, fut. of lve, “semal 42 Téa, third pers, sing, pres. of Tmyaive, we, “to, go.” 46 stye onnots| Gob), had gor up ‘Phe passive verb has this meaning, In the active onkdve signifies “to lift” 47 TpSgemo = mpsowrey. 49 ret ne eer (v&) oradtite, imperative, of the verb oréxopen, oTéxco, mp ‘ravtés, “on no account.” 0 5x1 Corepixk xiwmuarra, “do not get excited.” Srroyiézouan, “to suspect,” pass. verb with act. meaning. s2 ve viva C= ye third pers. sing, pres. subj.), of the verb ylvoum, 53 mpopdéoouv, third pers. pl. aor. of pod, weGrranetoty (ve P third pers age. eu. pas.), of the verb Seonentitne So undertand Hs, ra i 154 gopene, third pers. sing- aor. of gop, “To put on (clothes, etc.).” Gee tober ve eco GOs herbs Sve must nok lowe aus 57 cane, first pers. pl, aor. subj. of od30, subj. with the word lows, “perhaps. “to save.” Note the aor.‘MAKPYA ETA ZENA" gs "Ex pk troyle. *Agfiote ue Nowlgeo Sn xén1 orouBaTo ovuBaives. | O& 78 uéBeoue emit ons, Exel GE AVE TS LWETHpIO. 65 Ma tl rpéxer; Mote ux pido, Adv xaranaBatvers Thy éyovla vous — is elma, xévere Omopovt. E28 Alyo O& EebiaAWvowy Bra, TIpd mravtés Tpoeoxt Umpootes oTHU trpeoiax vk ui} mmpoBoBOoHe. — M& Adyere Aorév, ‘| Katmn Epuys; — Aly Sipe rots. 70 ‘Ev 1 yereGl EpGaoay ord omit, Mrfikav ony Tpamegopic Kal émrousxpwvay Thy irpect, “Enerra al of rpets QvéBnkaw oriy Kénopa fis Kates Kal &xAeiBGn- xov plow, *Hrav oysbbv peodvunra. 75 —Kéwsre Séippos, xipre Kovrdroune, 64 08 1 Bhn Thy dAABera. Ma Bud ASyre, goRoouat Sr A Katty Equye ue fa véo wold éyéarnoe. —Tloiev; — Tov Thexpo Aew 100 “Yroupysiou téiv "EEartepidiv. — Ma mais ty Bly vordapa chroro, Biv droyidornne Key VOCABULARY Snopla, suspicion Sbfore, et [think / went upstairs kav, locked themselves serous, grave oxebty, almost, nearly SE, we hil ara poetic dni ee, there 75 €kpeos, courage 4 Xubf, wll be solved edger truth hvordple, mystery 808 (860), two 65 byevis, agony Noe woh eas, 300 ePetpas, I fear Gecjevh patience we, young man Soper pee ceuet | SIRE oF explained srouby) whom? mpovoxt attention, care, enution more iy ttepsion ears castign | Merge Aevé (mate Christian name 'd surname) Preece of ; oa ea cuateiaal PRONE) froupyctou, Ministry rrgcets, service, atendance, | -Etyrepiedv, of Foreign Affaire sapobodotne, we are betrayed xB, even Westie cee eobnoe, shook Gropékpuvay, sent away wept head 72 spats, three oy 1s Av), as if, as though NOTES: ERTL 59 éxohovtnooy, third pers. pl. aor. of éxcnoudds. 5 Bpoud. Literary Style:'8 Bpsuor, 60 ve wh Oley TEV K,, snot to hurt K's feelings.” Verb: Olyex ft mpoorfooge Bio, ahead es Best 6 &. Verb: pore ( = tard) 6 Sorte imperative of the verb apne (€qlvea), “to leave,” “to let.” 6b Bh Gah ey “al il be plain” 72 Suipcay, third pers. plur, aor. of avapoiv, Ty Gappes, neut. noun in os.” N.B.—All neut. nouns have nom, ind ace.42 GREEK READER 80 ‘0 Xépns tkouynge 18 xeQHAt TOU oy vie Beye: “ Eyets of ouguyor eluoore mévra of Tehevratiot Tod 78 KaraheBalveupe.* — Kail yo Biv vouiga:rote é 18 atoOqua atta elys ré00 wpoxepior. Zhuepa dues A Kairn pow elie wert Sigopouueva Adyia, Tod w EBaACY ot oroyio, "ANA TOT wk gavTECRG, tvéuioa Sm Fray Eva ghipT 85 mepootmd. TB miipa yik doreio, "Ey eraleo, lows 0& mpodsBanver ‘iv KoraeTpOgT, EAE Biv avréoOnKa Tas elyav g8dce oP at 1 onto. Abyovras atte f TzotiAia Byayve Ti vrouAérrer Kail Te oupreéipia THs ‘roushérras fis Katrys. 90 — "Oka 7é gopéuaté mms clve 866. "Epdpene 76 yxpi Tayilp ms. Nac xovrl ue Te umgoU ms. Elve do Kero, Aclnmouy 7& ptok, "ANE Eaqvar f Tz0UAia Eye xerexhcoun. — Tepe elven Refi, Equye *Améveo otiyy TouderTa THis Kaitns fra Bud xéSpa moAUTEAF GBI, 95 'H qaroypaples elxew éponps8i. Vocasutary Bo ducts (Apts), we cuprépia, drawers cebgeyor, husbands SovaNerras, dresses oLrehevraten, the last 00 faptnard thes wane) t Hopece, dressing-table atone, affection ‘yrpl, grey ‘mpoxupoe, progressed Teyup, costume ohnepa, to-day wi'78 ‘kourt, here is the box Sigopotpeva, ambiguous trbog, ener 4npr, firation fw wérw, upside down, helter- 8s mepuoneé, transitory, momentary, skelter sing our mig ipa, to 14 plod, half the thin fori aioe i" Haas suddeniy . fo (evalu), Iam to blame | wert hayny pale mpodépawa, I could have| dqdvovon” prevented 8Bpa, photograph frames araorpodi, catastrophe ohvveAf, expensive gece ain Be om rape axve, ea 95 $erovpadles, photogra ee | Spee et ou eve Nores, 82 vouiza — véungoy first pers. sing. impf. of voulge. 88 Myorras, aor. act. part. (soe Grammar). A broutdna or 8 Preuhar (pron. dlp, dulépi) = ‘Turkish dolap, cupboard. 90 Yxot (pron. ari) = French gris, “grey. ‘Tayiép (pron. tayéx) = French tailleur, “tailor-made, costume.” 91 umgou (pron. bit) = French “bijou,” “Jewellery.” 94 Bud nébpa WOAUTEAN, “two expensive frames.”WMAKPYA ZTA ZENA” a5 —'Enfipe sh goroypapler tot mariga rns al tig Plas, -Enipe a & Bid THs Te uITZON. “O Kovrémounos 0° Sho aid 18 éryéierrro Sidormua elye mice ot be KopévAe Kal kAanye. ““Orav &xouce 78 Svoner THis Pras meréxénke 00 Sp tis. —Enfipe th geotoypagia ris Pras! Adv fxer me Pinar yr? adv. Tv adr Th Ppdna Tol Sgnoe TO maki THs Spqavs, Spgavé! Pé pkva Teoondvrev Ti ua vordger; TO fifepa Tas BE UP dyemrotoe, AAA 7 optrat mms, yiée 78 xoptto1 ms: 05 ‘0 Xépns tod topife 78 xtor. —"Apiotoutvn, Géppos. “lows tron elve xaNtrepe. "Eye Etpeis mpoTiudd unk yuvadker Tol getryer ue rev Epcoukvo ‘THs, Tap WE Tol) péver Kovrek otbv &vrpa THs Kal TEV KéveL yeAoTO, 0 Kowsénounos Tol éévrnae: 10 —Tb Tebl you én? adrh Th oTiyuh Bey Eyer pdvve, TzoUAra, Oe népns adpio wih Pira omist cov ub ri Baowina. 52 Alyes wlpes O& Thy edpeo aGIt Kal Corep Oé THis Tad Tres reBavE A weve THs. 'H T3oUAra toxovmioe fver BAxpu. — "Exes Bikto, Tot efre. vocanvnany Shot res te SApuroqvy (male Chis Pak st ui oe ery (ale Christian name) Baad fa Ev mines eet ler Y tarripes tae Grepieit ea swloa, fallen back tae tepid, char Apopéve, lover rye, Was weeping Peo toe apa, than (or here: Be weiheapeaioty se pers xeoved, neat, close to Fees | Eerpa, hunbund adriy, her yedota, ridiculous Bana, filth ro enypy, moment Edpnoe, left | 7° (raver mamneea, mother ye ghd Spi romano v6, orphan ‘ral, jours eee Peeters Raion ena widave (—detave), died voulhe (c= frente}, matters Texodmee, wiped, brushed away operon gael Bango, tear 05 kapige, pressed Boao, right noms facia tifa por ung. tapell of alan Ea tm anette LA i oa Sgn itd pers ning nor oF Gonna (apiva). ‘Translate: “has Ltt! O3 sObonanan, variant of Thos Nav. 05 éogike, third pers. sing. aor. of o@lyye.44 GREEK READER 15 Thy TBia dpa ov Kerréotpeue TOU ASUE, 6 Texpos Kal # Katmn, slow oriv npuuvn, &yxcdiaoniver, dirragey Th Reveh ypaupt, Tod give 18 Toto Tow Tov. peUyaY pTEXXO! Kal of Bus, EpevyaW vonpUE ovk Elva ve xtloouy ink garn& éyderns, vd giheouw éyuoore, 6 fas yi& Tov &MNov, ie 20 Thy éyéqm Tous. K, Aabérrovhos. VOCABULARY 15 Tia, same $roxet, poor xardorpopa, deck thaxpud, far Asus, Lloyd Hive, foreign lands, abroad iow (=énlow), behind Wa xrioouv, 10 build (for them- ‘rpdnyn, stern selves) Seahtdonéve, clasped in each | gud, net neater are eras of love curs, white ya Bioouy, 0 live ‘Yeon line Eyvoore, unknown hole, ship : Moy, the other. ois) oee 07 MpOTING . .. wop&.. 1 prefer... to. 08 ay sce Yehovo, “males him’ laughing stock 11 ot Niyes ubpss, colloquial for els SNlyas Hues. 12 miGave, third pers. sing. aor. (the initial vowel dropped colloquially). Verb: énotvfjoxe, “to die.” 13 foxotmice, third pers, sing. aor. of oxovmlgeo. 14 Byes Bikio, “you are right.” 16 qlee ory mpbin, ate Eevrragav, third pers. pl. impf. Translate: “were watching.” ao NG ype ae, the ahip's wake ‘tous, “for their love.”'STHN TIAPO” EK TOY EPTOY “AZMPA NHZIA” 4s “STHN TIAPO” EK TOY EPTOY “ASITPA NH3IA” (Demotie) Er! Spiovepd cou, xaurhk Pouwk uP oyind omrréaia Kelvouy 78 Aixdvs, Strov ép&gouy of yapsPapxes ral Te Karka. Th 86, kumpos o7d xetavtd Aapéw, Strov gouvTépow T& Pomrdpia, Bus jeydAor évesuvror 5 éxwntotv, mpooutvovras 78 mpérro uehréu v' évoigouw Tk pTep& TOUS yee? Sheoua Too orrepiod. Tay elkéver TOU uimpod Arbertol ovuMTAnpever 7b TofaTd KegeveBaxi pe Te Gerda vou, Bpooepds oraduds TeV VOCABULARY 1 gry Mépo, in Paros Bud, two Ge rod tpyou, from the work eydhor, large, big Bonpa vyod, white islands Evtudqohoy, windmills or" dpiorepa vou, on your left | § axivnroty, are at a stand xannddy low ‘mpospivorras, waiting for Bouvs, mountains, hills spare, first B eoxind omrdnas, with cot- | weAréut, Etesian wind tages, country houses ¥" dreigouy, to open weivouy, fence in, enclose ‘ra grep tous, their wings née hacbour, por Her for rou, where Ereous, grinding Apatouy, ride at anchor cexrapi0d, wheat, grain eptapeas, fishing boas ‘dxéva, picture afea, caiques (Levantine sailing | 100 ywxp00, of the small oats) ‘cuneAnpavet, completes (is com- ‘mAéov), moreover ited by) BG), here roburé, arched dumpas ov, in front of the apevebéns, small café si rater the sume Serpémey pall trees forgery cone | Severe eos cape steamers ovatuoy resort NOTES: 1 The island of Paros, one of the Cyclades, known since early classical times, Export of wine, barley and wheat. Population about 8,000. ‘The island ig famous for its quarries of Parian marble. 2 oF for o7& (= sls 74) and W for BE. The elision of a final vowel is of fzsauant seoytrenga tn tha Demetc soxiK& orrreKia, lit, “small country houses.” Be ian eee ‘ japKes. Note the pl. ending -ts for -a1. Sifrknpeora 26 roswrd wagevtddxs, an example of the verb preceding the subj. ‘The order (obj. + verb + subj.) 1s frequently met with in ‘Modern as well as in Classical Greek. 7 xagevebani, Sevrpéaic, The Demotic shows a preference for diminutives,46 GREEK READER Bodaoowan xa xéGe rafiSidrn, wo, Geurraprdpovras o7d vmal, & srépy el by Tipéiro wapiavd Kage. Moxptrepar nai BeEik-T6 “KéoTpO,”” Ho winpd Gycoua pe Alyer TexArc Peverordviner Tanxid értéveo od yics, ub Wie deeAnoiac avy Kopg A, Ue oTrimia Kal ub Bévtpa Atyoord. ”*AoTtpOL TpOTAROL val erardypaypa Koumevepie tyebvewrean amévea dnd THs xepis repauibia ovtyas, vis Suotes ue Topérces, 13° évsuean ois uiKpO- yarrovids ub tis wodtts Bpdoes to Gpyovra Mavpoytin, ue Te orev 15 Bpoudixre Kel ve ypcrpnnék GoReoTe “PSAta,” coxduiar WAaxéorrparre KéreD VOCABULARY Baracowsy, of seamen | dwanéypayna, delicately designed wide, every ajovaptd, belfries Fafibiorn, of a teaveller Spvorran, tise rot, who | drdva" (endvu), above feqraprdoores, disembarking, | ano from ing’ xopls nepopiia,tleless 4 mépn, will attend, will be | dréyes, tools present (at) ‘is Buoves pe, resembling mapiavé, Parian ‘rapérecs, terraces farpirepa, further on ma" (real), and Befté, to the right avépeca, among Kéorpo (name) wixpoyetroviés, miniature quarters 30 Ghoja, eminence, height Bpdoes, fountains Nye ew Spxowra, archon Be Mavperéon (proper name) Pie 15 Spondue, lanes ‘yeahs, shore ‘yeadiné, picturesque 4 Godord “Bohra,” covered rows or Keckmota, church amsages epg top, summit onda, side streets, alleys Aryoords rifle of, a few wre, paved with fag: Gonper, white rothory Capel, domes séro &é, undemeath Notes; — 9 Kéozpo (Kastro), name of a height in the centre of Parikia, the capital of Paros. ‘There are still the ruins of a Francish castle, buile with the marble Blocks of an rier struct. 12 tls xepls nepeuidia ovéyes ls Quotes ue topdross, “terraced roofs.” 1 et ued ine Demi fal before a word ering witha vowel 15 Bpoudnia, diminutive (pl.) of 7 Bpsjo ( — 6 Bpsuos). Sordi, pl. of 16 ook. Turkish “ookak” atest“THN TIAPO" EK TOY EPFOY “AZTIPA NHZIA’ a Grd ueySAes kal papberés Kaudpes, rod arnplzovrat émdvea tous SASKAnpeE ominia pe Bud xa tpla Terréperta. “/Opeos adv BiéEnpe Kupiapyo SANS ais ToArrelas, Aéumer xéc? &” ov Fro 4 KerromroAtavy, Elven & ueyehos fotopids vabs ris ‘Exctovamuheviis, o7éhioua Kal wwnucto iis 20 xploTiavcouvns, gépos Tloteas xal owmpias, SoU, és Kal OTH Meyorsycon iis Tivo, staPixé youerizer réfe xpioriavixh YuxCh, wail 18 TOY A KenAadirinn YuXT. ‘Ayo éréuepa, évéueon: o2 muxvogutepéve Bévrpa, éptdiverat Tepihan~ pn, axmwvoBére wo? dd 7B KaTéeKo poveernpiand THis eIXos VOCABULARY Beshatt sits ve tithoas | a0 yossana rin ces ae pe sstigtarades | Santi pores natant piercer Mevehxemn (ome) Eesti Prien tbody ta ee rgee, did yovarifer, kneels down ruplapxo, majestic EXgsrof all, of the whole xpionavu, Christian oe soul ‘moAtrelas, community ren a ee) ee ee eee Ror Pan es eo) Seeftee 2b sae hanson, famous TfewopShar brilliant, radiant iil" dd, from amidse ardheure, all white tovacrnpiaxs, small monastery leropixés, historical yass, temple ExarovranuAtaviis (name) ‘oréktoya, ornament pyqpeto, monument rs in a Sl eae 18 4 KarorroAiavt}, popular for 4 Teweryler *’Exorrourrvatavt} (“Our Lady of AS Tindie Gages! Cctlrch sad to have been founded bythe Empress Helena, the Brivsh mother of Constntine the Great (iid century A.D). ‘The number of portale implied by the name is nothing But a pious exaggeration. ar A Meyanexcpn, a church in Tenos. ‘Tenos is the name of the capital Of the island of Tenos, another of the Cyclades. az runhablrnn, fem. form of MAAGBITKOS, an. adj. derived from KurAbes, the Cyclades, 4 group_of twenty-four large, ard a great many small; Jslands in the ABgean Sea. ‘The above-mentioned islands of Paros and ‘Tenos belong to the group.8 GREEK READER 25 rod ti repigéve, Temeni nal flouyn, e& epévino wen, 4 Taponé 3F xv dvorviet xécreo 4rd 18 peyddov Toxio THs Kal 1 eyo géis THs. Ol dyadoi vnordires o8 xdG_ oxpoph THis Svidlas Tous EmKoOOvTaL ‘Tévouc Ts. Ki? Stay favolyeovren o7d yeptuar ore poxpUrs TaEIBie, mpéiro ral teAevraio dyvdvreua THis varias Tous, pag! we xérroro Suc. 30 vorpé, oTéAvowy oThy ‘OEnytitpa Kai Ti Méwvo, aviv Tlavaytk Thy Kerortonias. Ki? adtd elven 1 éAngivd ériderd ms rol THis 568m VOCABULARY 25 nepiZévet, surrounds favotyovrat, they become livel remeivi humble, modest Vapene, Bshing a figuxn, quiet argind oi, wise, prudent oc rig wards reus, of their eyes abl ne, with éwoto, a certain réna, vow 30 vospé, mental gréhvouy, they send “Osmyrirpa, the Conductress Guide vnovires pavva, mother srpobih, Rievayeé, the Virgin ‘SpiAias, speech, conversation Anois, true Brae Enidero, epithet, name révopa ms, BéenKe, was given Nog, 25 od Demotic for ds. a8 Tikowe contraction of 30 Sit, oro yapena up), nen out fishing” 29 Teel oF Téuba for Taya, TAEILOY, exh, “vow,” “promise.” 31 Tod may take the place of any ease of the relative pronoun in Demotie. ‘iis, dat, as well as. gen, in Demotic. Bd8nxe, “has been given” ; this form is probably the result of a mixture cof tenses, -On- being the suffix of the aor. pass., and ~e- taken over from the perf. act.“THN TIAPO” EK TOY EPTOY “AZITPA NHZIA” 49. dnd Te mpdSrer xpévie rod IEpUonxe ore kd lpos Tis Tohrrelas faws darore Aeyéyeve Kerérroha. "ANAK 78 Bixarov EBBopoV ava: jepiKol Abyios, Bhovras ve iis Soowr, wads gaiveren, Erdeto mb gavrTEXTEpS, 35 THY Gugpaoay ‘ExarovrervMavh, EneiGi, Kabds Omépyer wal ule snopéoon, th axeAnola elxe fxard méptes. "AAA’ atrb 78 THAevTaTo Bly elvan éAnbwd. *Abnvéa. Tapaotan. VOCABULARY een teste Saranac en se ae at tn aoa eee recess ol grant ove, oonmey ie oom tradition ore cans . ‘Syiot, learned men épres, gates NoTEs: 433 TO xéro pépos, “the lower part.” Note that advs., placed between article and noun, have the force of adjs. ‘This ancient usage can here bbe observed in the modern everyday speech. ‘TissraArelas, here in the local sense: “of the township”; contrast line 18. eyouevo, neut. part. pass., agreeing with bépos, “which was called final -V dropped as usual in the modern spoken language. 8. . . olde, ‘in the . . . century.” Note the typical acc. of time; Without a prep. in Greci 34 me — whey ed io frm, the comparative: ithe Sevrenepey, nout ofthe adj, pavrenteps), “showy,” TecaiSne” clever" Cotpare the meaning of garraceaty, tanto tics” “Yt- for -KT= ia characteristic of Greek popular speech. | 36 Téptes, ‘the -s of other declensions has crept into nom. and acc. of hint deel.50. GREEK READER H ETYMOAOTIA THE AEZEQZ “EO3” KAI TA ETIGETA TOY CEOY Literary. style) H Tladen& Araiixn évegéper Todd tmidere red Oxo, GAN Eyed B& dvagipo evade dou tmépxovaw els viv “EAAnindy perégpacwy téy 0%, Aid TotTo Bev éva pipe 78 ‘EBpatkéy Svouar‘leyeoPé, Srrep mavreKoo 5 weTeeppézeron “Kpios.”” Obra, Aoréy, Exouev: Kupios: Kupios & Oxds Adv. Ada & Blo tmidere: elven vk cuxvérepov drroveudueve 7 Enuioupyg TOO ravrds. ‘H AiGis O65, xaré Tov "HpdBorov, map&yeten bk 700 priparos “rit” (Gésoow, Séertex), "Emerta BAerouey ti Kal 8 Kiruns 8 "AAeEovBpeds To MapaBéyeran tiv adriy mapayey fy, 60? 6 TTaécreow mapéyet tiv Netv ex TOU pruertos “Okc” (xplyw), Seoptv vi GedrnTa ds dvaryveptobeloay 78 Mpérov els Tov fAlov, Thy oEhtny, Thy yy, Te BoTpA Kal TOUS opavods, Sou “Ber” f Brfket mara xoU Bik-Tol kécuou. To mBoueirepov Suens elvan Sr Aékis Oeds dvtixer ets vi admhy olkoyéveiay AlEECov pert 15 700 Aids (Znvds), Savis Alodorl Béyeto Aes, & 00 7b Aarinxdy Deus, ovyyeveiousn lows pbs 1 Zavoxprrixby Devas. OU? re Tloaopa Evayyéhia dvapépoww modhd tiera TOU Oxod. “AMD als why “Aroxtduyiy TOG "ladwveu Kail els Tos "ATTooTéAoUS Karl VOCABULARY X drupodoyia, etymology Smep) which ‘iis Aagews, of the word ‘wavraxed, everywhere cbs, God 5 peradpaterar, is translated 4 Madaid Avabiien, the Old| ” Képios, the Lord ‘Testament obra, thus avaépet, mentions Rovwéy, then eps many Exopev, we have riGera, appellations indy, our Ba or dad, bat abr Bio, these two 82 dvadépo, will mention 18 ouxvSrepov dovepspeve. (wit poeta ee daha coer atten Boa, such as +1@ Squioupy® too wravrés, to the Smépxoucwy, are found Creator of the Universe. (al, (with ace), in exeryhing), “EMAnvunjy, Greek. kara év ‘HpS8orov, according to Herdppacw, translation, version Hesobei 1) fs peedytrm i deived pee igh aaa ix Tod priparos, from the ver ee an ie (Cec Greek) a pice "Ebi, Fltcew Kjuns 8 ANtenépeds, Clement Bvopa, name 30 mapabéxerat, accepts "lexeBé, Jehovah mapayuysy, derivationH ETYMOAOTIA THE AEZEQE “@EOE” KAI TA ETIGETA TOY @EOY 5r VocapuLary § Maran, Paro vee belonss to Bes (Clasical Greek), to run sheyéveivy group (it, family) Seopa, regarding werd (with gens, ih Qeérqra, divine spirit, divinity TS Aiés (Znvds), gen., Zeus Soa fori dvayvopiadcioay, recognized, ac~ Alodwori, in the Acolic dialect knowledged, admitted a ro, was called sa pores Bre ‘cy Aedle for Zeus Aitov, sun | 05, hence cedyivny, moon Aanwuxéy, Latin iv, earth guyyevesouea mpés, related to Spey sie fous perhaps Bede, perm sce eee ro reath oth 1 Tewupe Eoaryive, the Four ono, world, universe irons ; Tembovdrepoe elvan i in moat | Thy ’Anonédupuy, the Revelation jail ‘ro “ludwvou, of John Buus, however roils "Anoaréhous, the Acts of Bry hae the Apostles norns:— 7 # 'EAAnvixh wetéqpacis tev O', the Greek version of the Oid Testament,52 GREEK READER als Tas "ExxAnowornidts mpooeuyds val tpomdpia Umépxow Spneré 20 Enifeva. A.x. “’Ayios: Tlavroxpirranp: TlavroBiuatios: Oupévios Bacinets- Thavraxod mapdv Tattip: Aldvios: “"Yyroros: Kupios rébv Buvduecoy= sds TOO "lopatiA- Beds 30» Olkripuev- ‘O aAndivbs Gebs: Fopds (Mathos, sls 78 wos fis mds Proualous "Emiotoaiis): Tlemnths opavot rail yfis, dpatdv te mévrev val dopérrav, 25 “Ymépyovy Kal wAslota @XAa énidera, drive Trapaetmea, Sibtt Gey Braxplveran capes av rottra émeveiweavren pds TY Oxdy A mds Tov Xpiorév. 1. Tl, Xpusev8érovhos. VOCABULARY “ExAqowsonixds, Ecclesistic, Church poo xs, prayers spondpte, Hymne in honour of saints dpeerd, enough 20 Regs (=hoyou xépt), for ex ple irwp, the Almighty MavroBivayos, the Omnipotent Odpénos Bacrreds, the Heavenly King Mayraxoo wapiv, the Omni- ‘present Navip, Father Aldvies, the Everlasting One “Yynoros, the All Highest Képios rv Buvdpeuy, the Lord of Hosts “lopayiA, Tarael 4», living X tion’ for wapaBelyuaros Xép1v. Oberipnoy, the All Merciful adnfivés, true gods, wise Mavdos, St. Paul réhos, end ‘iis mpds Ponalous "Emorod4s, the Bpiste to the Romans Nowmeis. obpavod wai ys, the Creator of Heaven and Barth dopey, invisible 25 whetora, a great number of apaXelm, I omit Bion, because Sraxpiverai it is distinguished, it eagas, clearly &v, whether Ameuiveyrat, apply to ‘ov Xpiorév, Christ ion for Abyou xdpwv, “for example”; also .x., abbrevia-YMNOE EI THN EAEYGEPIAN 53 YMNOZ EIZ THN EAEYOEPIAN (Demotie) Ek yveoplze émd Thy Koy, Tod owatiot Thy tponEp, Ei yrrapigeo &md hv yt 5 Tlod ue Ble: perpen Th yA Age? & néKeca BycAwéyn Tay “EXAAvoow Te Tepd, Kal ody pire: dv pexcouévn, Xaipe, & xatpe, "Ehevteprc. ‘Ardy. Zoncoubs. VOCABULARY shy Yfis the land Gn ra eduxaNe 8 lep6, from the ‘sacred ashes (lit. bones) SnS'iy nbs rv reonphs by the | Byehion, exits en lge keen ‘iy *EXMtvar, of the Hellenes Seu he eae bx ed pone naa ri yy by thy glance a 5 ob (wot), which, that ‘rpOra, formerly é Bia, in haste, speedily, quickly ds ge brave ferpéet, measures Xelpe, & xeipel hail obl baill ores; 1 “'Yuvos els thy "Eneveepiaw (“Ode to Liberty”), tke National Anthem ‘of Greece. It consists of the above two stanzas. Solomos’ original poem contained altogether thirty stanzas. ‘The following is a variant in more up-to-date language: Ek yvnplaeo demo th Koy ‘roo eTtabiod wh pouEeh, 2b Youplgo énd Thy ‘wou He Bis Herpa TH Yi. Ane ve Kbexihar BycAnon "ta ENA, T8 les, Kal ov pir? évépexoutvn ‘yale, & xatipe AeuBepyrc. 5 Pla, “force”; ut Pla(v), “in haste,” “speedily”; Sr& =fis Plas, “by force.”” hierpci, third pers. sing. pres. of the verb’ uerpaao; also contracted uetpa Demotic for hv yfiv. 6 oR Bede ne pret ns often drops its -~6 in the Demotic before forme of the ace beginning wih f 1 Dass. part. perf. 5, Byéihe ("to draw out”). 5 5s, Deets ae oy e54 GREEK READER ETHN KPHTH (National Song of Crete) (Demotic, with touches of Cretan Dialect) Aevrepi& xa 865. fv 88AnowW vk ovhzouy OpSvo, 5 & RBiadous iis Koreas 78 aluaréPago vnol. Kai Kpitn b07& oxépma: Tv TaAAMKApIBY owpis3e1, wail 18 Opdvo Tods Tonpiéget ro ub Aaxrépa mepicot|: Kéracde tprobo§conive,, rr 7 xper TOG os xpUBer, gouvrarte xa! uupiopéve equ tpcooay KAapIe, 15 val thy Kpfim ovepeuesvow ryonavéheue: vevutvn, 1? dvenpécger Baxpuoévn> Xatps, Xap’, "Ekevdepiéd Mati Titrize. VOCABULARY rm, To Crete robs raipidter, is worthy of ‘=teubepia), freedom them 10 pe Aaxrépa nepwor, with exces- sive yearning réweada, bones Seneav (—eehnoar), wished splobofacpéva, thrice glorified wd orhoovy, to erect EF (2i08), from 5m tahoe ipo, the cath aa kaneis toby he oa epiBay, hides you Crete douvrurd, tufted, bushy tora oxépma, scattered bones tepwpéva, fragrant madAqecpia, ofbrave young men | eperpucay, have sprung, have ‘owpraer, piles up ‘grownTHN KPHTH 355 VOCABULARY khapid, shoots, sprigs | wt avanpéte 15 oredavivouv, they crown Bexpundeny with tearful eves YyaNavéheuxa, blue and white xeipe! hail! vropévn, dressed i) aaa 1 The inland of Crate joined to the Kingdom of Greece in the Balkan We a ts sib ase ony benno ver ogee I 194 3 Maric, ets dnc for baSepe tha Sexyosy va othaouy Bpév0 ( = lb¥Anaoy vi ovf¢our fa Opév0).. Prong are ere ie igerty in fe erangeent of the worse due to poetic licence, Take éc: Opdvo in the sense of “one _throne.” s mks Dae eee viet C= 78 alporéBago vnel tis Kefrns), 2 eee ie tie « match for” Compare: én Rat lin, teh" ee ro day tor asad 2 (which), new spelling T0U, to distinguish it from 00 (where), reopen 1g Sts ote 16 Delia or biteray Style WBvouln, 1 for a before vont TE et Sete Bhp etain frm the Greck National Anthem.56 GREEK READER ZOH3 ONEIPON (Demotie) KéGouar vowsxos, ord Epnuo Ppdxo, vovnk oh OéAacox. "pes al pes xéGopon wel xUTTge, {0 fihtos Pacthaver loc of ic flouxn, vexpi O6Aaooe, xepls Eva 5 Kuuerréaa, xeopls Bvav dgpd o1d TepryiéAt. “OAn 4} qUois, obpavés, Bow, 8éacoa Kal ouwvege gcivorrar odv ve TeBaivowy yk dvr, Kal galvovra Téc0 sixopioTnpive nes TeBaivew. AoTpOY, Gaurol érLol Sexlzow vk xerePatvouv dd tév otpavs, wk oKerdgouy Téxlvmrer yep, ral v& cafavdovouw i poxpuvk vedic. | “OAa Tk mrpéryuare Tpryipes To mpooTraBotve wk mépouv pik Padedy évenver, Kal Biv uMropotve. Tée x’ bye vordseo dds xtit1 1 woo Bapatvel 78 orF\B0s, dvaasnKcavojen, Gvaortevize ub xéto, xa én A mds dvacrevége! uagl WOU Ue dycovi. °O dipas Sus elve Paps, Kal 8 olpaws Slo Kerepalver xaunASTepa, oy ve GIAQ ve His Tendon, VOCABULARY X Loi, life's An 4 ders, all Nature Bveipoy, dream ‘ovparés, sky xaSopat, Iam sitting Bouvi, mountains povéxes, alone sévmpa, clouds ieque, lonely gaivevrat, seem Bpaxo, clit ‘cay va meBaivouv, as if they were by ‘dyin yid ‘wdvra, for ever Spe for) hours ‘1600, 80 xurrdfw, 1 am looking, gazing ebxapiornuéva, contented, ihtos, sun hed BaotAeder, reigns, rules mds meBaivouv, that they were héoa of, in the midst of dying, to die fiouxn, calm pot, white weep dea, lifeless Bayenot, dim. xwpis, without Srpol, vapours 5 xupardxt, wavelet, wave Spxilouy, begin 446, foam, froth va xereBaivouy, to descend ‘wepryiddt, beach va oxerdfouy, to cover, to screen| ZQHE ONEIPON 37 VOCABULARY ‘Extra, the inmomablemoton- | ain somathing eso japaive, oppresnes cept waters Srffos, chest, breast We capavavour, 10 shroud, en- | Grammndvoyais I rise I get up shroud Syaorevdta, T sigh, {groan apuvd, distant ub with ty islets alandls xéro, pain srdynave, things mAdots, creation Ne, eround tat, with, together with 0. mpoorabodve are trying Syanta, agony wntpove Batadr avarvon, 10 | dlpas, ac ‘draw a deep breath Spe, however tis propo, connct xeunAerepa, lower sore, then 2G ve Ocho, as if wanting © Eo, even 1 Sa pds wNawdon, to. weigh us voile, perceive, fel ‘down, ervab Us NOT! 1 es Spon, poetic fr 8 bapa a. eee S, Demorie nom. and herg aeey pl. of the fem, noun pay pes ra 3 ops, “for ee and. Pa i ie 5 euucrén, diminutives are frequently used in the Demotic style. Compare: yee, Tine 9. 7 10s (or mss) takes the place of ém, “that.” Bruel, nom, pl. msse, OF the adj. Bours, “dim,” “opaque.” ‘The pir sles to wh mipouy, “infinitive?” third pers. ple of maipves, “to take.”58 GREEK READER 15 TlpooraQd wk onnen8, wk guye voxpus, vt gntiiow xérrou SAAoG ie Toh éfpos, pv adipa, fre Bagpéraro guenua, pe Te Abie: HOU lve Papetce ody HoAUBr. Kal péve beet om} Gor HOU, He Thy émépooT we ‘retéveo pargt ub 6An iy TAdor rod wuxonaxéet Yp@ Lov. Xeopls ve 1b KovadsBeo, épytzer vk gevy7y Kol ver TeTE 8 vOUs you. 20 “OAn vou A 3h mepUE ympooTe eve péTIa YoU adv doTpam, Sreos Deve mes mepue oTHs TeevTaTes ovIyHls TGV TvryuEveW “Eva owpd Tdryvora Tapééev, érd 1é aid peyida Os 1& md Tork, wedypaTe rod Téyo Eexéoer id MévTa, ToMObesles, mpsowme, ToArTEles, BEAGoTES, 3éia, yapis nail Aires, npooeuxés eUAaPnriKés xa LuoTiKé vrpoTacuEi, 25 Gna edu revbpauer mepligevo, E5iépopo Kal Eévo, Tepvotv téd0 yptiyopa umpooré uov 6X" aid, 100 Biv mrpopBéuea wk TO KeTOAGBLo, Téo0 Yortyopa adv vi pix uloe o” fra gavraoTiKé, Bmpovienivo orb po8pou0 Kai vk Tepe GAn NOU A Ze Andfeo émd ee mapéOupa. Ti elve une ooh évOpewou, vé ny 184 avévas Exot yprtyopa: ve Trepve 30 moore TOU Kati vk xéverea! TEAS poreyos you pe Tov ExuTs Lov Ka HE ‘rev xdouo. Kal Govepe oxoré6s, ody va elxe xAsioe 1 mawépana, o&v VOCABULARY 15 va onno8, to get up ol (— nod), which va Guy, to fee, run away Foxepaxten, is i the pangs of Honpuds far, far” away’ death ¥8 Innfee, to look for, seek ‘Yope, around ‘émou €dhod, somewhere else *erearanépe, to understand ‘breath of air ve werd, to fy 20 mepray pases, is passing iva thagpéraro, a very light, just |” pmpoora ord pérva pov, before my a litle eyes dorpam}, lightning Bmus, as, ust as Deve, they’ say roheoretes, last onypés, moments ‘Tov veypevay, of the drowning there eee place sapéteva, strange, extraordinary dné$a0t, decision, resolution ra 'md peyada, the greatestZQHZ ONEIPON 59 as, to mpopBdve, I have time which I have (here: I” had) gavracnixd, fantastic i aoe a ates, ak’ | pe = sa ane oe een pe oo ee era, mpoceuxés, prayers kavévas, someone WAaBynxés, pious ‘ron, thus FR cine | geet es feeomreeeits | aus ete | Saves cae Berea coe ee aera eee =e Pao Esser ‘yeriyopa, quickly, rapidly off (lit. closing) Margate eee 20 Sin ou fsa, poste order for Ef 3 ou srepug, third pers: sing. pres. of Tepv®, "to pass"; not to be confused wwith the similarly sounding verb Talpr, “to take,” cf line 10 abov: ax boa ocps payee, "a lot of things.” "Note the use of the acc. after words denoting quantity, ete, For further examples, see Gramma 26 jmepoore. lou, “before me,” “in front of me’; but umpoor& ork ( = als ‘ray uaa uu, “before my eyes" (line 20). 30 powdxos ov, “my lonely self,” “alone”; “rév fours you, reflexive Pronoun, first pers. sing. acc.60 GREEK READER vi elxe oteariiott 6 oiBnpéSpouos 9° Eva Epnro eraOud, une eBisGar Eeph kal éorépcrvtn, xeopls Evex Maly uc TOU we Bij Kad vk KoUViEreN éréoc> ‘ms, xwpls fav Fxo, mie MoH, Eva odAeua. Kért oc Odvertos A Reet 35 ov mporamepind Ere tH an.» Tlawaos NipBévas. VOCABULARY way va cixe orapanjoct, as if | nod ( = nod) vd xounérat, moving bringing to a stop aréve, on oradys, station fixe, echo syebiaba, pl oaAcua, movement Sepa, dry, arid 8 ( = 06), like dnépavrn, boundless 35 mpormrepv8 in’, previous to a eee tees eee An 34 o8heuc, Demotic for osAeuuc.H ZQH KAI 0 QANATOZ THE APTYPOYAAE 6r H_ZQH KAl O @ANATOE THE APIYPOYAAE (Demotic) Mid peydiin terpeiguaan mépta, ue tiv Koupriva: ms riy éoxéxaivn, xeopigat & Bud Bauer. Els 1 udow, elve arquivo xpePérri Gavérou: els 1 6XR0 Baudrio, 5 Trang xapas. “H [Bra "Apyupounar xd éarhrnge ne dq, Ty Emuove| rms TH arenBIa= xia, val, xopis vee 1 gavrdgeror, eEnuiovpynos Thy émépaven adr dvzl8eo1, Thy Teevrad } “EBS poo 83 pépcre vec pers,” ele. “7A, pth you AéTe Si! "ESS, © to plea! Othe ve 085 Prt Kal vk oGs dodo . . . BapéOnna TéoES ulpes wAcioutvn, xwpis aod, xeopls fiAto, xepls ObpuBo . . . Abv elven YP dppdoreis tyes! OB gGis, xal 3e0m, Kal yéAta, real navn Upra YOCABULARY 2 for life ndgarn, vats voy ret Bavaros, death a ee conten ; yah large srw reheerata, the last, her last Ferpagvahn, four-panelled 88 Gere va are, you will have ‘repre; door "your meal ouprive, curtin sige, she said Broxdwetr, ll-ed aan wpiter, divides, partitions ph wou Are 8x1, don’t say no, Tofane, rooms ‘dont refuse. eis 10 péoa, in the middle 10 me Baers to me vo, set ups placed a obo, 10 hear Saicioat Bapé®yxa, I have got tired, I have 5 tpawéls, table grown weary xapas, of rejoicing ohees bli, 2: AYA 4 {b.a, the same, (here) herself. Be a ae asked, beseeched, im- Bépupe, es pee re dppuoreses, for illnesses (see amor, persistence ve i sweahiaxioe, childiah, naive gon tghe Zeple. vi. GaredLeras, without | — ye, aughter thinking mavnyipta, festivals, feasts, cele~ aBquuodpynee, created ‘batons Nores: cl Liat {4 grmpivo, neut. of perf. part. Verb: evfve “to set up,” “to place,’ Sere , v& + third pers. sing. pres. subj. of the verb TpGy«, “to eat.” tt oe slic, YP departs, “T'ctnnot bear nest,” lit. “T-am not for62 GREEK READER "BBG Oc pipers vk pore, dméye. "Avdyere Sha ne wepid, Smeos OTH opti wou" uw? épéoer vek Adurrouy 7 KpUOTaARA Ka 7 doviuta, 1 épéoet 15 ¥ dotpiqrow 1& Kpcore adv Tomégie Kal ody pouumivia. EroAivere ‘1 tpomégi ve ACUAOUEIG, U2 AOUARUBIa TOAAE . . . Kal evéuule, Bon mopertel N& yeAdre wal vet goowigere, vée Aéte gaiBpa kat tpayovbia +++ "Ox! gayl, mop yan... "Eror udploet ve os BAD Kal wk odis droves. Odeo vk Eeydoro Yrs pnd ony weds Wt Eyeve y? pero 20». « TAX, Bay elucn yr” Sppdoreies byes!” *Edeye ub thy Beaxwth ts gcovtl, — jk gaovh odv vk Ekoupdodn Kat v& *Bpéxvicoe &md Td Tod Tpoyoubi, — ereye val tous tirrrage ub vocaputary ‘dméipe, to-night va Rére (idiom) give us dvaipere (imperative), light ai8p4, merry dees canes porn sna mas) as ‘ayi, food, (here) a meat oh rersh Bognor my Birthday | apd, (here) but, nothing but B Gpice, it eos ‘me, I like ‘Yhersy = carousel; va Aépnovy, to shine, to glitter ara xpioraAAa, crystals va Lexdou, to forget dovpia, silverware enypi, moment 35 V Me pbjrom ten | was, that 20 dx! ol alas! o ve Bheye, she spoke rome, ropazes fy oa, husk povuntiay rubies peers J sroAloee/adom, decorate dy vd beouptoth, a8 if getting ouAadBua, flowers ree eae al vi &Bpdxnacey, and getting Ct hoarse brepctre you oRé, touch rpayo06s, song, (here) singing dedrrage, looked at, watched ta eae ee 13 tk eéoi, pl, of 7 xdpt, “candle”; HP deh (~ a dot), silver acts, ova “silver.” 15 dotptipre, “to shine,” “to listen,” “to flash”; Literary Style éorparre. 17 v& year, vi prowigere, etc., a way of forming imperatives. Tpayoubea, nom. and there) ace. pl. of Tpuyod8, gen iterary Style 16 xnpiov.. ." “silverware,” pl. of 7 ing. -00, 18 ABC in the ponular language for iaoSa05,“divenion,” “amuse Pani wil a to WES, “nfiive™ Sst pez. of eva, (va), " foraet.” Eoipeneen A Sites Liteaee Galt Preyer| ere H_ZQH KAI © @ANATOE THE APIYPOYAAE 63 ‘re ueyéder ms ghoyep& unig, Te vaupooTepaveaptva, Kal ol Bikol rns ‘Thy &xousay, "Ero Ty éxouyay mente, dnd mikey. Kavévas Bev elxe 25 Tih Bivays, as 1O tEhos, vk ui THis xéun TS xompltoo THs: Kal YoTepRL rol psyédeaos nal wovrpelinKe, 6 &vrpas “ns ris Exave 78 repioodrsper Elye tiv éréhurmy S8uvcpler | yuvatixa adh wer Arywd ocoperrée Kel Le wie UX! TpeAOT Tai6i0d, Thy GBuvouia éxelom TOO elve A) TAloy Gxarayéviorn BWvowt. *Eyshodoav we tis émbuules ns, uk Kal TAY 430 &SumodoyoUcay krone dd plo Tous: Hpeovar, wee wel Thy eAvroty— ev: imeiouovey, p& Kal aBiagopoUoav: éneArizovrav, ue Kal viv dxovyay. Téroia fjrav- é8iverro véAASEN. Kal tirora Bev Tous Erapou- lage Suverdrepa tiv Ite TOU ABiopAdrou, — tds xérm, wot 6& fray VOCABULARY doyepé, burning, ardent dxcraydworn, irrefutable, un- ana, eyes enable Havpocrepavepéva, dark-fringed gyehodoay, they laughed at ol Bixol mms, her own people epics, desires, hankerings mdyra ( = wévrore), always 50 Uecaceh youn (Cony eteatooh Nindicated, excused sedvore now and again - from girlhood ‘the power”) dmb doa tous, among them 25 as thos n the end Bigdvas, they’ got angry, were vd wh edwin, not,to give way to exasperate Ai “notte do") Aesoarraw (Chey) pitied were kazpiroo, caprice, whim, fancy worry for Sorepa, afterwards éneopovay, they were obstinate, peyéhioe, she grew up stubborn avrpedtnne, was married ABiagopodeay, (they) were in- Svrpas, husband different, did not care Brave, did aaeAnifovray, they were driven to rh mepioosre es despair elxe dréhurqy aBuvapia, she was | Te4a (= rovaGra), such jevaro, impossible valhégp, to change rtnora dey, nothing extremely weak Abuvapa, weakness, feebleness ‘yovaixa, woman eee Esepouoiake, presented, showed ‘ouparani little body Sireetilly, | wn Perey Wot, soul 1Béx, idea ‘peAOd maiBi0d, of a foolish child | rod dBiopOdrou, of the incorrigible A mAdoy, the most byas edn, mod, of something that NOTES: - 24 Sxouyey (Gxovan), third pers, pl. impf. of Sxotye (éxoue), Translate: they. used. to listen to her. 29 byshotoay, Bixaioheyotoay, etc, third pers. pl. impf., hav of aie ‘to laugh,” ae to en etc. 32 veaAden, contraction of v& XAG, “inflaitive” third pers. sing, of the verb GAAdoo@, . be ie 1 the forceGREEK, READER pérai0 Kai yehofo Kal xetprepo ve TS TroAeUhons, — Soov A} yuvatketa 35 ath yuxt, fh TPEAH ody ToiBI00. Kat éroy, 18 rpamégi éméwe orfGnne dvrixpu O78 xpeBéri. H KénKIR xoupriva eive GveBacuin aay adaaia, xa els 18 Pddos rfis owns, ues TO hand gts Tod xWverer dnd ch yoreriva ogatra THis, uiKpovhas Aéumess, YuOAlzouv Te XpuCe K&yyeha TOU KpePaTiON, THOU Tepioplzouy 4o re orpeoctbic. Zkollpa Kal xvouBarer nat Paper & oxeméopara “iis dppdboreias. M& i "Apyupovaa elve EomAawion ur fray spéo O78 xpePéri! Téo0 mrapéev" éxouyPa o7d ueyAAo mpooKépzho 7b KES THs regard, Teco rare Kal éepink Tis oxeMsgovw 78 &yvdpioro ody 7 érreweork xiluia, ub oxtverra ody ovvvigiay Tot Te oTrpcsxyel 6 45 dtpas, ré00 érpé8vua oTmplzer TH péxn 7d oTpHya, woo LEAs PoSounsva, cove To PAkmeis Td govepk Tes Bly elve Teoulyn bret ut VOCABULARY wéraio, useless, vain, futile ‘oxendopara, quilts Yedvio, ridiculous tive EawAopévn les stretched out Xipérepo, worse ¥ Evav Tpdno, adroitly Je onqwons, for you to fight, to | wapdfev' (rapdfeva), strangely ‘struggle against Recon ies agains, re wraixes, womanly mpoaxégado, pillow Sede, stood epansie, little head Gvrixpy, opposite Brad (adv), softly SveBaopim, put up Sepued (adv), aiily ‘einata, stage curtain aexeratouy, cover, envelop alos, bottom Eyvapioro, unrecognizable zs omnis of the stage Eravora eid, top coverings, ahands pal covets vera, spre exinera, shapes, forms Yaharéna, milk-white stv ouwibay, coudlike ‘Sbaipa, bulb ‘empires, pushis, (here) moves fiestas, ny 45 dmpseoua (adv), reluctantly ‘yma, lamp ommpitet she supports yadifevy (~ daditouv), shone, | FH paxn), her back ‘littered rpoje) mattress xpd, silt (also: gold, golden) hs, bardly, saroely Rbyyeha, bars jadounsver, it Tollows out, makes rrepropitouy, confine 2 ollow in 40 orpooibia, bec-clothes Sore, s0 that ‘2x0 pa, dark, sombre ‘$avepa, clearly, distinctly xvouburé, downy, fatty ‘reopevn, pressed, harassed Norreg; 44 KiMuia, “coverlet”; ef. Turkish “kilim,” “carpet.” 48 rreowtn, nom. sing. fem. of the perf. part. weoplvos, -n, -o(v); verb: ‘rifza, “to press,” ete,H_Z9H KAI O @ANATOE THE APTYPOYAAE 65 raumiev érépact, 4) &rd waymidy dvcyxn, xal cod gaiveren mas dpa ‘Thy Gpa Bk oneion TE xépra, Kal Ok Acveepwne} Eemd Te oxenéoHoTEE, earl 8& mivaxOf, kal O& gyn, Kal Ge meTsED . « Fenyépies A. Zevétrovios. VOCABULARY t Andhact ( = dnépacis), decision, cépia, hands : desatltrnioaaiogs | SeKecetguth, would fee here Lee a ae (ee Would leave, get away Spa's Bpe, trom time to sime | 68 weralg, would fy ieee aba) youd BFE (on iE cnoop, she would Tite ( hold up)10 15 Badacows (adi), ‘spayovsh, song ‘yhuxd, sweetly, pleasantly GREEK READER @AAAEZINO TPATOYAL (Demotic) Pauxd quod & précrns, 4 Béaaon Bpoc! era, fore yorhawi wep as 8 Fidos vatpeprtgerar yal Ais rGig matzo wpa, rreravvras Bixes fyvore, \yapintcr xpusogtipora ot Kuper? donpévic, rob kapapiod 1 TAS fv TANS BGI yepyserepe evi, al Tow was éepive Kai, ody x xexpopeoveran, ‘fis GéAecons 7&1 HE Tobs dppolls Tou gébveren, val His yupvg thy maérn. VOCABULARY ea eeecespares (ore) wise wees sipar (= xbpara), waves $u0¥, is blowing imarns, breeze donpina, silvery UEnanoe, sca 10 ered xapapied, of the ship Bpooiterat, cools (down) aX hays), side ‘yahavs, biue JpeAAs, mad, ertzy, Loolish Yepd, waters Bedding dolphin ¥ittos, sun Yopy6$repo, swiftly propelled xabpepriteras, is reflected Trevaer, (here) jumps Ns mas (idiom), just imagine how (it. you imagine how). ‘wigw, behind iver, leaves, forsakes ody va xapapavera, a if priding aifouy, they play himself # pera, lovingly 15 &n eagle trerdvras, fying, (here) leaping pods, foam, froth Bixos, without wou, thought Soverat, surrounds himself ‘yopyg, turns, Yopduea, small fish Adrm, shoulder NOTES:——— Soi Gace meni aay 8 gttpov (rrrépov) stands for “fin” as well a feather,” “wing.” ‘Thus: Paes olden fins,” “‘golden-winged,” ‘with ‘x AGI; translate: “alongside the ship.”@ANAEZINO_TPATOYAI 67 Xrovewaouévor YAépO, mSxow grepobyia ériunrcr 20 veal ye eavive yp +18 pera Tous doin, or& SépT1a TpryuplzevTas dxotpantor merotve, 4, ue xap& opuplzovras, 2s ord mikayos BouTotve. Kai ype> xapaidata oth BéAaod? éouevizowv, dv dowpar wpoPerdiae ‘rot Bdoxovras yupl3ouy 30 Be yopeomd rnin orols xégirous &q, vépa, X¢ Fxow Poort) re xipora, Booxé rovs Tév dpa. VOCABULARY worhacpévor, snow-white 25 wédayos, (open) sea, main YAspor, seagulls Bourodve dive (down) Xow (= mad Exeuy), which | ypu, round abou Have (or possess) Rapopéria, small vessels ova, wings Spnerigour, sail uray priceless Bompa, white ira, eves ‘rpopardnia, tiny sheep Seoinnra, vigilan, watchful Beoxoveas, gruzing apna ships ack” | 30 xapond (aio: xapond, ont rpsvupibevras, circling round Tabijnara, leaps and bounds Geovpaoron untiring, indefatigable | xapmous, fields xope, grace " 5dn mépa, all day long. Abepitores, Aapping with their | Booey pace ‘wings Booed ("= Boordy, acc.) shepherd NoTEs: 12 yopyégrepo, lit, “awift-winged,” “propelled by swift fins.” 15 Tig Gohdoous 78 81, poctie for “sen-engle”; Literary Style 8 devés (Cypriote 8 ars), “eagle.” 16 jit Tous goods rou, “with his own froth and spray.” 15 Griunros, “priceless”; Literary Style avecrtanros.68. GREEK READER H BPYSH THE KOPHE (Demotic of the Ionian Islands) Mis oe xpévia Te adic, 7& xpévier erruxiouive, 7 BaoiAéTroAS iis ydopas Byfixe o7D kuviiy! HET doxtpr TOU. Tupioe Bowe xal Aayreéia, Twépoge ASyxoUS Kal KéuTrOUs, Soo Tot 5 treo” fuer ghoyepd peonulpr ove prgnk 7” GymAod Bpdyou ue Thy Beh val xordipr/in Aetna eviy Koper. Exel Anpépiage ue 7” Goxéps ov. Tay Spseioe Aryéxt, TO PaoiAsroudo avisnke dyna oThy Kopp roraisvexo. Kovvas Biv éviBawve Trove oThy Kop@h TOU PpSxou. "Exel réveo fray mie xoAGPa Wheynévn wi éparayrés Kal grépes toO Bouvod. yocanuary + Bpion, fountain (see Notes) 1 &yphod fpdxou ( = 100 bbmdod te oa rN rept (a tee cre Mesnard waht, in olden | 8904, svaight times oraimin,slender oroyervive, happy Reda, poplar feoXgrovho, prince kopbi (= ropubf), summit, top hs xopas, of the country Snptpace, camped Byize cre woviys went hunting | Bpsowe, was getting cool pwc Royse, a bit Pe yoeepe (= 18 doedpt), army INBane dYadd, ascended pice, he roamed about rorajdvaxo, al alone Petr mountains savévas ev, no one, nobody yn, valleys Evipawve, wed to climb, was in eee elon the bable of cimbiag Meyenen, woe det wv (= tnd Sede), up Eo "vod (= das bn09), until there, above there 5 teres’ ( © prone), arived radéBe, cottages hut eye eerie taming | hag entwined, twisted to- oe gether somiépy afternoon Ayehayuds, sheaves of com BETHEL, co the base Cl roots) | répes, bracken Notes: ——_--— WA povon wis eons (The Fountsin of the Maiden) is one of the curious Bao as wo ced by Herodotus aa existing in the island of Zante Pacts. Timp heii thre tnd wed for eligbs ta Sodan Burkioh askere” army £3 GonKés, dialectal variant of Uynids, high Fees tied pers, sing. aor, of the verb Anuepiégey Hele 8, Sige Io ee an 5 Seip tP hicd pers sing. impt. of Gvepatve, “to, climb.” Translate: evince, third path nd ie ait of climbing” 9 aes cng, bos, nom. and ace pl. @r4pes), “fern,” “bracken”; ern Style wees nigel eeeagttH_BPYSH THE. KOPHE. 69 10 Méoa otiy KokUBa KéGouvraV ure PooxoTroUAa Suopen, Soo vk mis. av tiy elbe Tb PacsAérovno lye uk xdoq Te Aoyin& Tou: ody 7) tle 4 PooxorotAa 7 PaciRérouno tyave 1b vol Ts. "Exel oth @TEXI KaAYBOUAG foTnse Th gah TOUT Syannuevo gevyeipt, Exel o7d pnuted KeAUBr ErAsge ue xpUOH| adTH ts Kapbils a5 Tous 8 Epwras. Tiipacay uépes, fives, xpév0s, xal 1? doxépr to xoxo yUpeve vk né0n vt Royfis Sgopud lye 7d PacrAdTOVAS ue xtGerat TEOOY Kaipd ©° txelvn hv Epnuik. "Exot wie pipe fexeren piAnucr a7 Bacrhérrovho vk rein 18 oegépt. Kexd xa érrehmioués a7? dyorrmulve rapt! 20H xomuivn f Booxorrouna Ereae pew ori dea TOU Kahod ns, VocapuLary 10 wow oniy, inside, in Jos (= fros), a year wesc amet ceating, wes| $0 canedy ines sitting ‘Yopeue ve pa, avus roaming about Beowoneiha (RooxowodAa), young {fo learn shepherdess, shepherd-il ti Novis what kind of, what sort Snob, Boo va was, (idiom) as of ‘peat you could imagine | &popy, motive, pretext, cause ae be ney ee eset oie sive va xdomy he nearly lost Thoov aypé, such a long time, #0 ‘ra Aoytxd tou, his reason, his head long ud TB vou yas; her reason, her head | pny, wilderness Froxue, poor, humble Brot, thus TehepouNey a miserable litle | Epyera, comes, arrives ortge Bags words mesase tore, st00 Ya wn, to go eRe Gong, nese ‘ebepe war ;yanmpévo, enamoured, loving kaxé (kaxéy), evil, misfortune {evypr couple (nai), and donnued lonely Geehmonds, despair Eke ented united loely se i ate, omranion even whword, golden threa 20 wanitva (addr), poor, miser= aepbids, hearts able, wretched (eee Notes) 15 8 fpuras (= 6 tpos), love incor, fell tnépes, days | yeaAud, arms, bosom ives, months f06 wahoo eas, of her beloved Norns; ——___________— —_ verb wéopan (x8, ro xdGovwray tied pers. sing. impf of she pas a1 16 for "6y, “him 13 groxnns (Literary Style wreoyinés) = tortewds, “humble”; ef. yrexés (itérary Beyle trys) “poor.” kahupouka, deprecatory diminutive of xaNdPc Tornoe, third pers. sing. aor. of foTauct, “to stand”; ork, ovfxouet ig more frequently met with in the Demotic 18 uihnyer, generally usediin the sense of “speech' 20 fenbin “oot!” oeetched tt “burt (pert par Eneoe, third pers. aor, of égreo (Literary Style wire, “to fall.” ere: “word,” “message.” F rae,