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that the accused made a statement under oath upon a material matter; (2) that
the statement was made before a competent officer, authorized to receive and
administer oath; (3) that the accused made a willful and deliberate assertion of a
falsehood in the statement; and (4) that the sworn statement containing the
Perjury is a felony by dolo because it is required that the statement made by the
in Monfort III, et al. v. Salvatierra, et al., G.R. No. 168301, March 5, 2007, has
1 See also: Reyes, Luis B., The Revised Penal Code, Book Two, c. 1998, at p. 272.
Assuming that BCs affidavit-complaint2 contains false statement, the
prosecution has failed to show that he was aware of the falsity of his statement.
The fact is, at the time BC made his Affidavit-Complaint, he thought his statement
was true. He was, to borrow the words of the Supreme Court, consciously
ignorant of its truth. In making the statement, he did not act with evil intent. On
the contrary, he acted in good faith, in a legitimate act to seek relief for the wrong
done to him.
In fact, RC and JC who were present during the incident at the La Trinidad
police station were of the same perception. They, too, believed in good faith that
the one who arrived at the police station was Police Officer XY because that was
how that person announced himself to be. The way that person acted at that