A Project Report

On

Number Plate Recognition System

Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
Degree

In

Computer Science & Engineering

By

SHAHBAZ HAIDER (1322210088)

SHALINI SINGH(1322210089)
AUN SUHEL(1322210029)

Under the Guidance of

Mrs. Pritee Gupta

Assistant Professor

Dr. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

LUCKNOW, UTTAR PRADESH

April,2017
 GUIDELINES FOR B. TECH. PROJECT

These guidelines for successful completion of B.Tech. projects are to facilitate departments in effective
and uniform regulation of projects being carried out by undergraduate students in 8 th semester.

Guidelines for Project Report Preparation

FORMAT OF COVER PAGE (Hard Bound)

A Project Report
On

Name of Project

Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

Degree

In

Computer Science & Engineering

By

STUDENTS
(names)( Univ. Roll Nos.)

Under the Guidance of

Name of Guide
Designation

Dr. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

LUCKNOW, UTTAR PRADESH

Month ,YYYY

FORMAT FOR INSIDE COVER PAGE

As same given on 1st Page

 NUMBER OF COPIES TO BE SUBMITTED FOR EVALUATION:

B.Tech. Project Two copies to be submitted to the College

Running Project CD:

The students should submit a CD with each copy of Project . The CD should be in cover and paste on the
last page of project Report .
The CD contains the Running code +Presentation +Project Report

Text :

The text should be typed in 14 font size Times New Roman style in double spacing on one side of A4
size page (Executive Bond) only. The Captions for figures should be typed at the its bottom for example
4th figure in Chapter 3 should be captioned as Figure. 3.4 Title of Figure. The captions for tables should
be typed at its top for example 7th table in Chapter 3 should be captioned as Table. 3.7 Title of Table.

Arrangement of Contents of Project Report

The sequence in which the project report should be arranged and bound is as follows:
1. Cover Page & Title Page
2. Certificate
3. Acknowledgement
4. Abstract/Synopsis of the project (Not more than 2 pages)
5. Table of Contents along with page numbers
6. List of tables
7. List of Figures
8. List of Symbols, Abbreviations
9. Chapters I, II , ..

Numbering of Chapters, Sections and Sub-sections.

The numbering of Chapters, division and sub-divisions should be done using Arabic numerals only and
further decimal notation should be used for numbering the divisions and subdivisions within a chapter.
For examples sub-division 4 under division 3 belonging to chapter 2 should be numbered as 2.3.4.

Equations appearing in each Chapter should be numbered serially, the numbering commencing fresh for
each Chapter or Appendix. For example, an equation appearing in Chapter 2, if it happens to be the
eighth equation in that Chapter 2 should be numbered (2.8). While referring this equation in the body of
the project it should be referred to as Equation (2.8).

List of References

Any work of other researchers, if used either directly or indirectly, the origin of the material thus referred
to at appropriate places in the report should be indicated. The citation may assume any of the standard
form (preferably ASCE, ASCE, IEEE, or other international Journal Publishers such as Elsevier, Kluwer,
Pergamon etc.). For more details the students may contact their respective guides.
F
or example: Rice, I.G., 1982, The reheat Gas Turbine With Stream Blade Cooling-A Means of
Increasing Reheat Pressure, Output, and Combined Cycle Efficiency. ASME Journal of Engineering for
Power, Vol 104, pp. 9-22
 Page Dimensions and Margin

The dimensions of the final bound 2 copies report should be Standard A4 size (297mm x 210mm) paper
may be used for preparing the copies. The Project (at the time of submission) should have the following
page margins: Top and Bottom edge : 25 mm (1 inches) Left and right side : 32 mm (1.25 inches)

Page Type

The project report should print on 85 GSM white bond paper.

Page Numbering

All pages numbers should be typed at the center of page bottom. The preliminary pages of the Project
(such as Title page, Acknowledgement, Table of Contents, List of tables and figures, Notations,
Abbreviations etc.) should be numbered in lower case Roman numerals.

Size of Project

The size of Project should not exceed 200 Pages of typed matter reckoned from the First page of Chapter
1 to the last page of the Appendix.

Binding Specifications:

Project submitted (2copies) should be bound in Black color (Matt finish) hard rexin binding with
golden engraved letters. The side/face of thickness of Project should have the name of the project, and
month of submission .

Number of Copies to be submitted.

Two copies ( one for departmental library and one for Project Guide) are to be submitted before the due
date announced by Department.

Project Coordinators

Mr. Ankr Saxena

Note: The Presentation of the Project will start in the month of April every
year.
The sample of Table of contents is given. It is a reference of contents.
The chapters and titles , subtitles, list of tables, list of Figures can be
different as per the requirement of your Project. The sample Pages of
Chapters also Given

Before the Final Print Please Check and verify from your guide.

For More Queries you can contact Mr. Ankur Saxena.

 CERTIFICATE

Certified that Name of students has carried out the Project

work presented in this project entitled Title of Project. for the
award of Bachelor of Technology from Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Technical University, Lucknow under my supervision. The Project
embodies result of original work and studies carried out by Student
himself and the contents of the Project do not form the basis for the
award of any other degree to the candidate or to anybody else.

Dr. Ashish kumar (Name of Supervisor)

HOD ( Department of CSE) Designation:

Department of CSE

Date:
ABSTRACT
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives us a great sense of pleasure to present the report of the Project undertaken

during B.Tech final Year. First and foremost We wish to thank our Guide

Prof. ..Name of Guide( Department of Computer Science and Engineering ,

I.T.S. Engineering College) for his kind blessings to us . He allowed us the

freedom to explore, while at the same time provided us with invaluable sight

without which this Project would not have been possible.

We also do not like to miss the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of all

faculty members of the Department for their kind assistance and cooperation

during the development of our project.

Name of Student Name of Student

(Roll no.) (Roll no.)

Name of Student Name of Student

(Roll no.) (Roll no.)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

ABSTRACT iii

LIST OF TABLES ix

LIST OF FIGURES x

LIST OF SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS xii

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE STEGANOGRAPHY PROCESS 4

1.1.1 DIFFERENT TYPES OF STEGANOGRAPHY 5
1.1.2 USES OF STEGANOGRAPHY 7
1.1.3 STEGANOGRAPHY AND ENCRYPTION 9
1.1.4 LIMITATION 10
1.1.5 METHODS OF DIGITAL STEGANOGRAPHY 11
1.1.5.1 IMAGES AS CARRIERS 12
1.1.5.2 AUDIO FILE CARRIERS 12
1.2 MOTIVATION 13

2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 14

2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF NEED 14

2.2 PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION 19
2.3 FEASIBILITY STUDEY 21
2.4 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM APPLIED 23
3. SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION 25
3.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION 25
3.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION 26

4. DESIGN 27

4.1 INTRODUCTION SYSTEM DESIGN 27

4.1.1 SOFTWARE DESIGN 28
4.1.2 CODE DESIGN 29
4.1.3 PROCESS DESIGN 31
4.2 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM 33
4.2.1 0 LEVEL DFD 33
4.2.2 34
4.3 FLOW CHART 36
4.4 DATABASE TABLES 40

5. PROGRAM STRUCTURE 45

5.1 MODULES 45
5.1.1 PASSWORD MODULE 46
5.1.2 ADMIN MODULE 47
5.1.3 USER LOGIN MODULE
5.1.4

6. TESTING 55

6.1 UNIT TESTING 55

6.2 INTEGRATION TESTING 56
6.3 SYSTEM TESTING 57
6.4 ACCEPTANCE TESTING 58
 6.5 TEST INFORMATION DATA FLOW 59

7. PROJECT SNAP SHOT 63

6.1 LOGIN PAGE 63
6.2 CREATE NEW ACCOUNT 64
6.3
6.4

8. LIMITATION 83

9. FUTURE SCOPE 85

10. CONCLUSION 88

REFERENCES 92
 LIST OF TABLES

CHAPTER NO. TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

2 Table 2.1 Audio Stream with Encoded 32

signals with Message A
4 Table 4.1 Guitar.wav 68
4 Table 4.2 Jhankar.wav 69
4 Table 4.3 Mohabatten.wav 70
4 Table4.4 Pahalanasha.wav 70
4 Table 4.5 Mean Opinion Score MOS 72
 LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1 Fig 1.1: Categories of Steganography 6

2 Fig 2.1: Microsoft RIFF File Format 23
2 Fig 2.2: Encoding Message HEY in 16 bit CD Quality
Audio steganography at LSB 31
2 Fig 2.3: Sampling of the size wave followed by
Quantization Process 32
2 Fig 2.4: Hiding 1 bit of image in 16 bit quantized audio
sample 33
2 Fig 2.5: Hiding 4 bit of Image in 16 bit Quantized audio
signal 33
2 Fig 2.6 : Illustrated the original signal and encoded signal
of phase coding Technique. 39
2 Fig 2.7: Spread Spectrum System 44
2 Fig 2.8 : Signal Transmission Environments 45
2 Fig 2.9 : Binary offset 47
2 Fig 2.10 : Dividing Signal into Blocks of offset 48
3 Fig 3.1 : Block Diagram of data hiding & retrieval 50
3 Fig 3.2 : Encoding Process 57
3 Fig 3.3 : Decoding Process 59
4 Fig 4.1 : Steg.m file in MATLAB 63
 LIST OF SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS

S.No. Symbol/ Abbreviations Description

1. LSB Least Significant Bit

2. SNR Signal to Noise Ratio
3. MP Multimedia Player
4. TIFF Tagged Image File Format
5. GIF Graphic Interchange Format
6. HVS Human Visual System
7. PCM Pulse Code modulation
8. DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Since the rise of the Internet, one of the most important factors of

information technology and communication has been the security of information.

Cryptography was created as a technique for securing the secrecy of

communication and many different methods have been developed to encrypt and

decrypt data in order to keep the message secret. Unfortunately it is sometimes not

enough to keep the contents of a message secret, it may also be necessary to keep

the existence of the message secret. The technique used to implement this, is called

Steganography. [20]

Steganography is the art and science of invisible communication. This is

accomplished through hiding information in other information, thus hiding the

existence of the communicated information. The word steganography is derived

from the Greek words stegos meaning cover and grafia meaning writing

defining it as covered writing. In image steganography the information is hidden

exclusively in images. The idea and practice of hiding information has a long

history. In Histories the Greek historian Herodotus writes of a nobleman, Histaeus,

who needed to communicate with his son-in-law in Greece.

 well-known channels greatly reduces the risk of information being leaked in

transit. Hiding information in a photograph of the company picnic is less

suspicious than communicating an encrypted file.

1.1OVERVIEW OF THE STEGANOGRAPHY PROCESS

Although steganography is an ancient subject, the modern formulation of

it is often given in terms of the prisoners problem proposed by Simmons, where

two inmates wish to communicate in secret to hatch an escape plan. All of their

communication passes through a warden who will throw them in solitary

confinement should she suspect any covert communication.

Steganography

Text Images Audio/ Video Protocol

Fig 1.1 Categories of Steganography