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Up Cleartreat 2000

CLEARTREAT 2000 AVMS DAF PARTS WASHER 2000 ORGANOCLAY

The Hydrosonic PumpTM.

TheHydrosonicPumpisSafe

Imagineadevicewhichwillheatvirtuallyanyliquidtoaspecifictemperaturewithinaprecisionofone
degreeandnevereverhasscalebuildup.Thisdeviceisalsocombustionless,thereisnoflame,noboiler,
noelectricheatingelement.Imaginepasteurizingalmostinstantly,orremovingwaterfromexpensive
coolant,orremovingwaterfromglycolforrecycling,or...thelistcangoforever.Thisdeviceusesshock
wavestoheatliquids.

TheHydrosonicPumpTMisuserfriendly!

TheHydrosonicPumpTMiswillneverscale!

TheHydrosonicPumpTMissafeandenvironmentallysound!

TheHydrosonicPumpTMisthemosteconomicalwaytoproducetosteam!

TABLE of CONTENTS
The "Pump"
Introduction

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Phosphatizing

Pulp and Paper

Howdowecompareinenergyusewiththeother
Please pardon our enthusiasm! guys?

WhenwetellyouaboutthenewHYDROSONICPUMPTM,please
pardonourenthusiasm!Itsjustthatweresoexcitedbecausethe
HYDROSONICPUMPTMisgoingtorevolutionize
thewaysteamandhotwaterismade.
Whatssorevolutionaryaboutthe
HydrosonicPump?
Whenyouconsidertheenergycostrequiredtorunoursystemversus
thecostofanelectricboiler,pardonme,but"weblowthemaway"When
youconsidertheenergycostofnaturalgas,wehavetoadmittheyarea
littlemorecompetitive.(OK,theyfinallyscoredapoint.)Butthen,you
arentjustinterestedinenergycostaloneyoureinterestedinyour
totaloperationalcost,arentyou?
Oursystemisthemosteconomicalwayto
producesteamever

TheHydrosonicPumpTMisapatenteddevicethatmakessteamandhot
waterwithoutcombustion.Thatsright...thereisnogasflameorelectric
heatingelementtoheatthewater.OurHydrosonicPumpTMuses
mechanicalshockwaves(similarto
the"waterhammereffect")toefficientlyaccomplishthistask.
TheHydrosonicPumpisuserfriendly...
Webelievethatwhenyouconsiderourtotalpackageversuswhatthe
"otherguys"havetooffer,wecomeoutontop.Inadditiontowhatweve
alreadymentioned,considerthefollowing:
Oursystemtakesupmuchlessfloorspace(itwillfitthrougha3foot
door).
Itrequiresnofirewall(lessconstructioncost)

Weknowthattheword"BOILER"canhaveascaryconnotationtothe
averageuserof30BHPorlessbecausethisusernormallydoesnthave
employeesspecificallydedicatedto"watchingtheboiler".Whenwe
designedtheHYDROSONICPUMPTMSYSTEM,wekeptthis,along
withalotofother"userfriendly"ideasinmind.Firstofall,wethought
youwouldloveasystemthatwasverysimpletooperateflipaswitch
oninthemorningflipaswitchoffatnightandinbetweenitjust
abouttakescareofitself!Thesystemisalmostcompletelyautomatic.
...andsafe...andenvironmentallysound
Acombustionlesssystemmeanssmallerinsurancepremiums.
Intheeventofabreakdown,oursystemcanbetakenapartand
completelyrebuiltinamatterofhours,notdaysorweeks,asyou
maybeaccustomed.
And,bytheway,incaseofaproblem,youarebackedbyagreat
warranty.
Rememberthatitssorevolutionarythatits
patented!

Becauseoursystemproducessteamwithoutcombustion,thedangerof
anexplosionthatispumprelatedisalmostnonexistent.Thatmeansa
saferworkenvironmentforyouremployeesandthatafirewallisnot
requiredtoseparateitfromyourworkarea.Acombustionlesssystem
alsomeansthereisnoemissionsstack.Itsenvironmentallysafe.(The
EPAInspectorswillloveyou.)
Webelievewerewayaheadofthecompetitionwhenitcomestogiving
youasteamproducingsystemthatreliesonstateofthearttechnology
andyetissimple,safe,andeconomicaltouse.ThestaffatHTESis
dedicatedtoservingandsatisfyingyoursteamneeds,andwelcomes
yourquestionsabouthowyoucanhave

A Discussion of the Hydrosonic Pump Technology

Background of the Company
Mr.JimGriggs founded his company in November of 1990. The Company owns the patent to the Hydrosonic
Pumpandallotherintellectualpropertyrightsrelatedtheretoaswellastherightstoanyfuturetechnologythat
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Mr.Griggsdevelops.ThePump technologyisbasedontheprincipleoftheshockwaveeffectonafluid.This
effect has been recognized for years as an annoying and sometimes dangerous force in fluid dynamics. The
averagepersonhasprobablyexperiencedthiseffectifheorshehasnoisyorclangingwaterpipesinhisorher
home. The effect is commonly referred to as a "water hammer." Almost all information available on "water
hammer" contains procedures for eliminating the destructive effect of the shock wave. Management is not
awareofanypublishedarticlesorreportsregardingthebenefitsfromthewaterhammereffect.

Mr.Griggsbeganhispersonalresearchonthis"effect"in1985whileworkingonanenergyconservationproject
atamanufacturingplantinMissouriwhenhenoticedthatacoldfeedwatersupplylinetoaheatingsystemwas
warm.When he mentioned this to a maintenance person he was told that they were presentlyexperiencinga
waterhammerproblemonthesupplylineandthatthecoldwaterpipesbecamewarmwhenthatoccurred.Mr.
Griggsbecameintriguedwiththissubjectandbeganhissearchforinformationonthiseffect.Mr.Griggsfound
verylittleinformation,butdidconfirmfromtextbooksthatwhenashockwavepassesthroughliquid,aportion
oftheenergyisconvertedintoheatenergyandisdissipatedintothemass.Thosesametextsalsorefertothis
thermodynamicaspectoftheshockwaveasbeingsosmallthatformostpurposesitcouldbedisregarded.

Duringthenexttwoyears,Mr.Griggsexperimentedwiththeideaofproducingheatbyharnessingshockwaves
andcapturingtheheatenergyreleased.Inthefallof1987,heexploredtheideaofspinningarotororsoliddisc
inside a housing that contained water. With this prototype Mr. Griggs was able to significantly increase the
temperature of the water coming from the device. This indicated that it was possible to intentionally produce
heat energy by producing shock waves in a fluid. After two more years and after hundreds of rotors were
designed, tested and discarded, Mr. Griggs attained his initial design objective. In 1989, the first Hydrosonic
Pumpwasbuiltthatproducedsteamandhotwaterwithhighenergyefficiencyusingshockwavetechnology.

In1990,theCompanywasorganizedtomanufactureandselltheHydrosonicPump.Thefirstpatentwasissued
totheCompanyfortheHydrosonicPump in1993(U.S.PatentNo.5188090).TheCompanyhasreceivednotice
it'sCanadianPatenthasbeenassignedandhas15yearstopaythepatentfeeandreceiveit'sCanadianpatent.
PatentsinJapanarepending.ThecompanyhasbeennotifiedthatpatentsintheEEChavebeengranted.There
are presently 3 additional U.S. Patents pending as of this date. To the companys knowledge there are no
patentsissuedforcommercialprocessesusingshockwavetechnologyastheheatingsourceotherthanthose
ownedbyhiscompany.

OurPumpWillNotScale
Ourtechnologyusesshockwavestoheattheliquid.Thereisnocombustionintheprocess.Theheatisactually
generated "inside the liquid" where it is needed. A hot metal surface or flame imparts none of the heat
generatedby the Hydrosonic Pump. In actuality, our surrounding metal rotor and housingarecoolerthanthe
liquid. Because there is no large temperature differential in our system between metal and liquid, there is no
propensity for the scale to build up on a cooler metal surface. We offer our customers a lifetime guarantee"
against"scaling".

With all other heating systems, the heating surface is always hotter than the liquid in order to create heat
transfer.Thatscenariowillalwayscausescaletobuilduponthemetalsurfaceoveraperiodoftimeitisjusta
questionofhowquick!

Competition

HeatingCleanWater(PureLiquid)

Whenourtechnologyisusedtoheat,distill,orproducesteamfromrelativelypureliquidssuchascommontap
waterwearenormallyatacapitalcostdisadvantageintheresidentialmarketplace.Conventionaltechnology
does a good job in this area because scaling is not a major problem. If it was decided to manufacture the
HydrosonicPump in"mass",theeconomicscouldbecomemorefavorableformarketpenetration.Bigplayers
suchasCleverBrooks,Fulton,TeledyneLaars,etcalsodominatethismarket.Thecompetitionisformidable.

In the commercial market place, we are more competitively priced and offer some unique benefits to the
customerthatconventionaltechnologycannotoffer.ThereisnoneedforaboileroperatorwiththeHydrosonic
Pump.Thefeedwaterdoesnothavetobechemicallytreated.Thereisnoneedforaboilerroomorafirewall
between the Hydrosonic Pump and the work place in some instances. The Hydrosonic Pump has a smaller
footprintcomparedtoconventionaltechnology.Itcanbemadeportable.Weviewthesemarkets,however,asa
lowprioritybecauseitishighlycompetitivewithrelativelylowmargins.

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HeatingLiquidsOtherThanCleanWater(ImpureLiquids)

Inthousandsofindustriesaroundtheworld,itisnecessarytoheatordistillliquidsotherthancleanwaterasa
normalpartoftheirmanufacturingprocess.Inallcases,theequipmentwilleventuallyhavetobeshutdownto
rid the system of scale buildup. The length of time between shutdowns, the loss of efficiency while scale
buildupisoccurringbeforeshutdown,etc.willvarywiththeindustry,buttheexpenseofdealingwith"scaling
problems" is staggering. These heavy industries produce a variety of products for the market place such as
petroleum,paper,chemicals,steel,etc.Inthisarena,theaverageinvestmentinplantandequipmentislarge
millionstobillions.Shuttingdowna$60millionpieceofequipmentonaregularbasisinabilliondollarplantis
costly.

Industrieswherescalingisaproblemdealwiththeissueinavarietyofways.Themostcommonwayistohave
excess production capacity so that when downtime for cleanup and maintenance is taken into consideration,
they can still meet customer demand for their product. Having a duplicate line of equipment is also quite
common.Whenthefirstlineneedstobeshutdownandcleaned,thesecondlinecanbestartedandproduction
will not be affected. Because the expense associated with scaling problems affects everyone in a related
industry,thisexpensebecomespartofthecostofdoingbusinessandnoplayerhasthatmuchofanadvantage
overtheother.

Suppliers of heat exchangers and/or evaporators to the individual industry (the competition) normally do not
claimtosellheatingdevicesthatdonotscale.Instead,thesesuppliersboastthattheirindividualproductwill
run longer between shut down and clean up than the "other" suppliers". They boast that their product is
superior because of changes in design, materials, construction, etc. However, if there are any differences
betweenonecompetitorsproductandanother,itappearstobeminornotmajor.Theirmaingoalistoshow
youthemosteconomicalwaytooperatewiththescalingproblem,becausetheirtechnologywillnoteliminateit.

Thisiswhereourtechnologyseparatesitselffromthecompetition.Wemaketheclaimthatamanufacturerwill
neverhavetoshutdownaHydrosonicPumpforcleaningbecauseofscalebuildup.Wemakethata"lifetime
guarantee".Theeconomicbenefitstoacustomerarestaggering.Inmostcases,theROlislessthanoneyear
andinsomecaseslessthanonemonth.TheHydrosonicpumpcanofferthoseeconomicbenefitstoacustomer
whilebeingcapitalcostcompetitiveagainstthecompetitionandmakingreasonablemarginsintheprocess.

Design

TheHydrosonicPump normallyconsistsofaruggedsteelrotor(designedasaspherewithnumerouscavities
drilled in a specific pattern), completely enclosed by a steel cylindrical housing and two circular steel plates
fastenedateachend.Therotorissecuredtoastainlesssteelshaft.Therotorcanbedrivenmechanicallybyan
electricmotorafossilfuelengine,windpower,orbasicallyanypowertakeoffdevice.TheHydrosonicPump
convertsmechanicalshaftenergyintoheatenergyat100%efficiency.

Pumps have been built out of a variety of materials. Rotors that heat liquids very well have been built from
composites,aluminum,carbonsteel,and304or316stainlesssteel.Thedeterminingfactorformaterialusedin
manufacture will relate to the customers end use. For example, hot water can be produced from any of the
materialsmentioned,butifyouuseanaluminumrotortoheatacausticsolution,thechemicalwilldissolvethe
aluminum.Formostmarketapplications,carbonsteelor304stainlesssteelcomponentsareused.

Process

The Hydrosonic Pumps process consists of water (basically any aqueous solution or fluid, pure or impure)
injected through an opening and traveling across the spinning rotor. Several different miniprocesses are
simultaneouslyoccurringasthemechanicalenergyisconvertedintoheatenergy.

Ashearingstressoccursasthewaterfirstentersthechamberandasmallamountofheatenergyiscreatedand
releasedintothewater.Becausethewaterentersthechamberunderaspecifiedamountofpressure,additional
heatisgeneratedandabsorbedintothewater.Theshearingstress(dynamicviscosity)increasesasthewater
continuesitsmovementacrosstherotortotheoutletport.

Astherotorbeginsitsrotationandreachessufficienttipspeed,liquidisdrawnintothecavitiesordeadended
boresbythecentrifugalforcecreatedastherotorspins.Apressuredroporvacuumiscreatedwithinthebore.

Whenthepressureinthispocketexceedsthepressurecreatedbythiscentrifugalaction,theflowdirectionof
thewaterisreversedandthewaterisforcedoutoftheholeonlytobeinstantlydrawnintoanotherhole.The
processcontinuallyrepeatsitself,thereby,creatingmillionsofshockwavesperminute.Astheseshockwaves
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travelthroughthefluid,microscopicbubblesareformedandastheyimplode,heatisgivenoffandabsorbed
intotheliquid.Whentheliquidpassesoverthelipoftherotorbore,microscopicbubblesarealsoformedatthe
boundarylayeroftheliquidincontactwiththesurface.Thiswouldbesimilartowaterflowingaroundasharp
bendinapipe,wherethepressureontheoutside(concavewall)ofthecurveishigherthanthepressureonthe
inside(concavewall).Thisparticulareffectiscommonlycalled"cavitation".

YearsofresearchhasproducedaPumpdesignthatforcesthebubblecollapsetooccurwithintheboreofthe
rotor and not at the surface where standard cavitational damage could erode the metal. Therefore, all of the
energyfromthebubblecollapseistransferredintotheliquidintheformofheat.Astheheatedwaterreaches
theoutletsideofthePumpitwillleaveas100%steam,acombinationofsteamandhotliquid,or100%hotwater
(liquid)dependingonthedesiredresultforthecommercialapplication.

DesigningthePumpTMforaSpecificBtuOutput
TheenergyoutputoftheHydrosonicPump(BritishThermalUnitsorBtus)isverypredictable.Althoughthere
are many physical design characteristics that must be considered, the most crucial elements for determining
outputisrelated to tip speed of the rotor, the number of cavities in the rotor, and the tolerances between the
housing,endplates,andtherotor.TheDrivesourcealwayshastohaveaBtuoutputequaltoorlargerthanthe
Pumpforittooperate.

For a given diameter rotor (D) with a given width (W)and a certain number of cavities (C) at a fixed rpm, the
followingoccurs:

1. Whencavitiesareaddedbyincreasingthewidthoftherotor,theBtuoutputwillbeincreasedbythe
percentageincreaseoftheadditionalcavities.AHydrosonicPump12"indiameter,1"wide,containing36
holes,spinningat3600rpmswillproduce25,500BTUs.Ifthewidthisincreasedto2"andcontains72
holes,theproductionwillbeincreasedto51,000BTUs(anincreaseof100%).
2. Whenincreasingthediameterand/ortherpm'sincreasesthesurfacespeedoftherotor,theBtuoutputwill
beincreasedexponentially.A12"HydrosonicPump,1"wide,containing36cavities,spinningat10,800
rpmswillproduce2,680,000BTUsVs25,500BTUsat3600rpms.
3. Tworotors,withdifferentdiametersandspinningatdifferentrpmswithanequalnumberofcavities,will
haveidenticaloutputsifthetipspeedsareequal.A12"HydrosonicPumpspinningat3600rpms
(180ft/sec)hasthesameoutputasa24"Pumpspinningat1800rpms(180ft/sec).

The following depicts the various Pump sizes and Btu outputs available for sale commercially. Units can be
sizedtofitindividualneedsifnecessary.

OperationalSpeedRPM 3600 3600 1800 1800 1800 1800

PumpBHP 11 23 53 95 190 250

BtuOutput 381m 770m 1,775m 3,182m 6,365m 8,375m

PumpSizeininches 16x5 16x10 32x11 32x21 40x8 40x11

MechanicalHorsepowerRequired 150 300 700 1250 2500 3500

Because the Pumps are "stackable", we can supply virtually any Btu requirement that is above 250 BHP a
customermaydesire.

Wear,Reliability,andPerformance

The Hydrosonic Pump is constructed to give the customer lasting satisfaction by using only quality
components from proven, reliable suppliers. The company warrants all components in a system for one year
and warrants the rotor for 5 years against manufacturing defects. The company warrants that the Hydrosonic
Pumpwillneverscale.Theoriginalmanufacturerofthemechanicalsealshasestimatedtherunlifeexpectancy
tobeapproximately3years.Thebearingmanufacturerhasestimatedthebearinglifetobegreaterthan5years.
Theelectricmotorhasa5yearwarranty.
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HydrosonicPumpMarketApplications

TherearenumerousapplicationsfortheHydrosonicPumpintodaysmarketplace.

PulpandPaper

There are a multitude of processes that can use the Hydrosonic PumpTM technology in the Pulp and Paper
Industry.Theseapplicationshavebeenidentifiedasblackliquorpreheating,greenliquorheating,whiteliquor
heating,blackliquorconcentration,bleachingandfueloilheating.Inblackliquorprocessing,productioncanbe
increasedbetween6%and15%byusingtheHydrosonicPumpTMwithasmallcapital outlay compared to the
savingsgenerated.

Petroleum

The Hydrosonic Pump technology appears to have great application in the petroleum industry. Because
conventionaltechnology heats the petroleumproductfromthe outsidein, the "skin or outer surface layer" of
the liquid is exposed to high temperature. Prolonged exposure to high temperature will cook the skin layer,
causing an overall degradation of quality. This over cooking is called "coking". Because the Hydrosonic
PumpTM heats without combustion and the liquid never touches high temperature surfaces, any petroleum
productcanbeheatedordistilledwithout"coking".

There is a large need for steam at drilling sites. In some cases the steam is injected back into the ground to
maintain pressure on the well and increase production. The Hydrosonic Pump can produce steam from
untreatedwatertherefore,steamcanbeproducedfromthewaterseparatedfromtheoil/wateremulsioncoming
outofthewell.Steamcanalsobeproducedfromseawaterforuseonoffshorerigs.

ChemicalHeating

Many caustic and acidic chemicals used in the paint, metal plating industry, etc., require heat during
processing.Thesechemicalsscaleinstandardheatexchangersveryquickly.Theexchangerhastobe"rodded"
outand/orreplacedfrequently.

EnvironmentalCleanup

Contaminantscan be cleaned from beaches or landmasses using a portable Hydrosonic Pump Steam can be
made from seawater or impure lake water for cleaning or heating materials. Evaporation of water from
contaminatedsolutionscanreducevolumefordisposal.

DistillationofChemicalsandWaterSolutionstoReduceVolumeofHazardousWaste

ConcentrationoflowRadsaltsolutionstohigherconcentrationsthanconventionaltechnologieswithoutscale
buildupprovideabetterandcheapermethodofdisposalofthishazardousmaterial.Deicingfluidsandglycol
canbereclaimed,oilandwatersolutionsconcentrated.

OtherApplications

Heating fuel oil, thermal oil, hot water, making steam from pure water or impure water sources such as river
water or sea water, homogenization or pasteurization of food products, reducing BODs and CODs in waste
water, removing impurities from chiller water and cooling tower water without shutting down equipment,
conversionofcryogenicliquidstogases.Thelistgoesonandonandon..

ANEWENERGYCHOICE
TheHydrosonicPumpwasdesignedtoaccomplishamoreenergyefficientwaytogenerateheatforproductive
purposes by using shock waves. Users of the Hydrosonic Pump technology are favorably positioned to take
advantage of the worlds needs for energy conservation, environmental protection and remediation and the
generalneedforcleanwatersources.Althoughtechnologicaladvanceshavebeenmadeintheheating,steam
generation and heat transfer industries over the past two decades, we know of no revolutionary advances
similartothepatentedtechnologyoftheHydrosonicPump.
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HeatingfluidswiththeHydrosonicPump providesmanyuniqueopportunitiesintodays world to improve the

qualityoflifeintheareaofresidentialandindustrialheating,cleaninguptheenvironment,andprovidingsafe
drinkingwaterfromuncleanriversandstreams.

Although there are numerous applications for this technology, the most recognizable application of the
HydrosonicPumpistheproductionofsteamand/orhotwaterproducedalmostinstantaneouslyfromcommon
tapwater.TheHydrosonicPumpdoesnotuseelectricheatingelementsorfossilfueltocreateheatenergy.The
processiscombustionlesstherefore,theHydrosonicPumpisconsideredanonexplosivedevice.

OURTECHNOLOGYISDIFFERENT
There are two intrinsic and distinct values in the Hydrosonic Pump technology that make it valuable in the
marketplaceandseparateitfromthecompetition.

I. The Hydrosonic Pump heats without combustion. The temperature of the rotor, the surrounding steel
enclosureandtheliquidremaininequilibriumasthetemperatureoftheprocessisincreased.Thisallows
liquids(whetherreasonablypureorimpure)tobeheateddirectlywithnobuildupofsolidstodegradethe
processand/orruintheequipment.Thiscannotbeachievedwithconventionaltechnology.

2. The Hydrosonic Pump is mechanically driven. This mechanical energy is converted into heat energy
withhighefficiency.Themechanicalenergycanbesuppliedbyavarietyofsources.Thisalsoallowsthe
Pumptobecomeportableifdesired.

RUGGEDDESIGN
The Hydrosonic Pump is manufactured with rugged materials in a variety of configurations and can be
specifically designed to operate in virtually any environment. It consists of a rotor completely enclosed by a
cylindrical housing. The rotor is secured to a steel shaft. The rotor can be driven mechanically by an electric
motor,afossilfuelengine,windpower,orbasicallyanypowertakeoffdevice.TheHydrosonicPumpTMcanbe
sizedtoindividualneeds.

SYSTEMCONFIGURATIONS
Basedonthesystemconfiguration,theHydrosonicPumpcanconvertafluidinto100%hotwater,100%steam,
oracombinationofsteamandhotliquid.

HOTWATER

In the common hot water configuration, cold water enters the Hydrosonic Pump is heated with a specified
temperaturedifferentialandcirculatedthroughthesystemuntilthedesiredtemperatureisreachedinastorage
tank.Residentialheatinganddomestichotwateraresuppliedinthismanner.

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TypicalHotWater
HeatingSystem

THERMALOIL

Thermaloilisheatedin
a similar manner for
industrial applications.
Combustionless
heating of thermal oil
by the Hydrosonic
Pump eliminates the
common problem of
coking" prevalent in
conventional thermal
oil boiler systems
because the oil is
heated internally and
not at the film layer.
Because there is no
excessive film
temperature, molecular cracking does not occur. With our unique expansion loop, surface oil temperatures
remain low and excessive oxidation does not occur. Therefore, in most cases a nitrogen blanket is not
necessary.

The Hydrosonic Pump Thermal Oil System can be located adjacent to process equipment which improves
overallefficiency,reducesthevolumeofthermaloilrequiredforoperationandreducesinstallationcost.

STEAM

InasteamconfigurationcoldwaterenterstheHydrosonicPumpisinstantaneouslyconvertedintosteamatany
temperatureand/orpressure.HydrosonicPumpTMSystemscanbeassembledonsiteandareperfectforlimited
floorspaceapplications.

TypicalSteamSystem

STEAMANDHOTLIQUID(DISTILLATION)

Inthedistillationconfiguration,theliquidenterstheHydrosonicPumpataflowratethatwillenablea
combinationofsteamandhotliquidtobedeliveredasthefinalproduct.Separationintoadistillateandaliquid
allowstheendusermanychoicesforindustrialandenvironmentalapplications.

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TypicalDistillationSystem

ADVANTAGESoftheHYDROSONICPUMPTMTECHNOLOGY
TheadvantagesofusingtheHydrosonicPumpincommercialandindustrialapplicationsseemtobeendless.
The Hydrosonic Pump can produce steam or hot water for use in any application where conventional boiler
technologyisbeingusedtoday.Itcanbeespeciallyapplicabletosmallercommercialsituationswherethereisa
need for a user friendly steam system and there are no boiler operators on staff. It requires no special boiler
room or firewall to separate it from the work place. There are no emission problems because there are no
smokestacks. There is less routine maintenance and fewer moving parts to service. It can satisfy needs for
increases in steam or hot water production by supplementing existing equipment. Because the system is
combustionlessandthereforeexplosionproof,itisverydesirableforschools.Nursinghomes,hospitals,and
otherpublicbuildings.

CombustionlessHeating

The Hydrosonic Pump can apply heat directly to impure liquids therefore, our patented process provides an
effective and efficient method of distillation and fluid separation unavailable with conventional technologies.
Fresh,distilled,orpurifiedwaterforhumanorspecializedconsumptioncanbegeneratedfromsaltwater,dirty
river water or otherwise unsafe water sources. Water can be removed from liquids such as used antifreeze
producedfromplanedeicingoperationsatairportsaroundtheworld.Thisgreatlyreducestransportationand
disposal costs of this hazardous product and could allow for the product to be resold or reused in certain
markets. Direct heating of such liquids as black liquor in the pulp and paper industry can speed up the
evaporationprocessandreducetheassociatedlaborandcapitalcost.

MechanicalDriveSource

Thecombination of combustionless heating and/or the need for using varied mechanical drive sources make
theHydrosonicPumpdesirableinnumerousapplicationsespeciallyatremotesiteswherepowersourcesare
limited.

AfossilfueldrivenPumpcanbeidealforenvironmentalcleanupandsiteremediationwhenliquidsareinvolved
eitherasthecontaminantorastheaffectedenvironment.Steamcanbegeneratedfromsaltwaterorcommon
riverwatertocleanoilspillsonbeachesoraffectedlandareas.Waterforheatingordrinkingcanbeproduced
fortroopsinthefieldbyconnectingtheHydrosonicPumptoapowertakeoffonajeeporothermilitaryvehicle.
The mechanical energy provided by a windmill can produce fresh water in coastal or remote locations and
provideheatforhomes,villages,orbackgroundheatingforlivestockincoldagriculturalregions.

A rugged and compact Hydrosonic Pump mounted under a railcar can produce heat from the mechanical
energyoftheturningrailcarwheels.Thisheatenergywillpreventmoltencargosuchasasphaltfromfreezing
whileintransit.Presently,suchcargohastobereheatedatitsfinaldestinationbeforeitcanbeunloaded.

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OtherApplications

There are many other tests being conducted that indicate the Hydrosonic Pump will replace or supplement
existingtechnologyforindustrialandcommercialapplicationsinthenearfuture.

InitialtestingindicatesthattheHydrosonicPump canbeusedasaloadingdeviceforadynamometer. All the

heatgeneratedbythedynocanbeconvertedintosteam.Waterusagewillbereducedby92%.Thiswillgreatly
reducetheneedforcoolingtowersandlargevolumesofwaterattestfacilities.

Mechanical energy created by high velocity exhausts, channeled through turbo chargers, may improve the
efficienciesofpowerplantproduction.

PTOsoncommercialshipscanbeusedtopowertheHydrosonicPumpformanydifferentapplicationsonboard
the ship additional boiler capacity for hot water or steam, desalination of sea water, heated water for the
kitchens,showers,laundries,etc.

The Phosphatizing of Metals

A NEW TECHNOLOGY THAT IS TRULY
REVOLUTIONARY
When metals are phosphatized to form a base for applying paint, drawing compounds, rust inhibitors,
lubricatingoilsorforbondingrubbertometal,themetalsurfaceisslightlyacidpickled.AchangeinpHresults
inthedepositionofaphosphateconversioncoatingonthemetal.Ironorferricphosphateisabyproductofthe
processandbecauseitisinsoluble,itprecipitatesandforms"sludge".Sincethephosphatizingbathmustbe
heated, this sludge builds up on the hot transfer surfaces of the heating unit and will eventually "choke" the
processunlesstheheatingunitisshutdown,scrubbedofforroddedout.

Scalebuilduponheattransfersurfacesofimmersiontubesorheatexchangersurfacesduringprocessingisan
accepted, expensive burden in many industries today. If you are heating a phosphatizing bath, especially if it
contains zinc, it doesnt matter whether the energy source is natural gas, fuel oil, electricity or steam the
problempersists.

The Hydrosonic Pump will completely eliminate that expensive burden of scale buildup. The Hydrosonic
PumpTMwillnotandcannotscaleduringprocessing!Weoffera"lifetimeguarantee"toourcustomertoback
upthatclaim.Wedonotknowofanyothercompanyintheworldthatcanmakethatstatement.

OURTECHNOLOGYISDIFFERENT...
Thistechnologyissorevolutionaryitspatented.TheHydrosonicPumpdoesnotuseelectricheatingelements
orfossilfueltocreateheatenergy.TheHydrosonicPumpgeneratesheatfrom"shockwaves".Theprocessis
combustionless therefore, the Hydrosonic Pump is considered a nonexplosive device. Based on the system
configuration the Hydrosonic Pump can heat a liquid to any desired temperature. It can convert a liquid into
vapororsteamatanytemperatureandpressure,orproduceacombinationofsteamandhotliquid.

With conventional technologies, heat is transferred into a liquid by a much hotter metal surface. The
temperature differential between hot metal and cooler liquid forces impurities to migrate from the liquid and
builduponthehottermetalsurface.Thisbuildupiscalledscale.

TheHydrosonicPumpheatsliquidsinatotallydifferentwayandcreatestheheatinatotallydifferentplace
"inside the liquid". The heat is created right where you need it. In the Hydrosonic Pump there are no heat
transfer surfacesthe metal surfaces are actually cooler than the liquid. Impurities will not migrate from a
hotterliquidandbuilduponcoolermetaltherefore,thereisnoreasonforoursystemtoscale.

We warrant that you will never have scale build up inside the Hydrosonic Pump. You will never have to shut
downto"roditout"or"scruboff"thescale.Thatisourguarantee.Wecanheatphosphatizingbaths,fueloil,

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glycol,thermaloil,blackliquor,greenliquor,whiteliquor,sulfur,coal,tar,dairyproducts,bananaslurries,and
crudeoil.

Wecanproducesteamandreconcentratechemicalsbydistillingoilandwateremulsions,deicingfluid,black
liquor, river water, salt water, chiller water, and many other mixtures. The more difficult it is for other
technologiestoheataliquid,thebetterthevaluewehavetoofferourcustomers.

Design
The Hydrosonic Pump is manufactured in a variety of configurations and can be specifically designed to
operateinvirtuallyanyenvironment.Itconsistsofaruggedrotor,completelyenclosedbyacylindricalhousing
and two circular plates fastened at each end. The rotor is secured to a stainless steel shaft. The Hydrosonic
Pump is powered by an electric motor. Rotors can be constructed from composites, aluminum, carbon steel,
andstainlesssteel. The determining factor for material used in manufacture will relate to the customers end
use.

Economics

"Sludging" or "scaling" of heat exchangers or immersion tube heaters eats away at profit margins like a
malignantcancerinthemetalpretreatmentandfinishing industry, because costs are difficult to control when
the process cannot run at optimum conditions. Maintaining constant specified temperatures in the
phosphatizing process is one of the main ingredients to insuring proper coating weights and product quality.
Temperature consistency, however, is almost impossible to maintain because this selfinsulating scale mass
grows hour by hour and reduces heat transfer efficiencies. If specified temperatures cannot be maintained,
coatingweightswillbeinconsistent,andoffqualitywillincrease.Chemicalusageisnotmaximized,production
rates will be lowered and labor and overhead costs will increase. In addition, cleaning and removing scale
increases maintenance expense, and requires equipment downtime. It is always expensive, even if the
downtime is "planned". All of these problems may result in capital expenditures being increased because
boilers,immersiontubes,andheatexchangershavetobeoversizedtoallowfortheseinefficiencies.

DoyouneedanymorereasonstolookattheHydrosonicPumpMetalPhosphatizingSystem?

Our guarantee is that we eliminate scalingforever! We eliminate scalerelated downtime. We eliminate labor
costs for scrubbing and cleaning scale. We improve your quality. We improve your costs. We improve your
profitsforever!!

SimplicityResultsinSavings
WhenwedesignedtheHydrosonicPumpMetalPhosphatizingSystem,weknewyouwouldloveasystemthat
was simple to operate. Just flip a switch on in the morningflip a switch off at nightand in between it just
abouttakescareofitself!Sinceyoudontneedaboileroperatortowatchitallthetime,youcaneventurniton
withatimer,sothatthetanksareattemperaturebeforetheemployeesareonthejob.Itdoesnttakeupalotof
floorspace,either.MostofthetimeItwillfitthrougha40"opening.

Becausethereareonlyafewmovingparts,maintenanceisrelativelysimple.Itbasicallyrequiresonlyperiodic
greasingandreplacingasealorbearingeveryyearortwo.

TheSystemwillarrive at your plant almost completely assembled, with its own base, feed pump, and control
panel.Positionitonyourplantfloorandmaketheelectricalconnection.Hookupthe"coldliquidin"and"hot
liquidout"fittingsanditsjustaboutreadytoperformforyou.

WHATSIZESYSTEMDOYOUNEED?

The energy output of the Hydrosonic Pump Metal Phosphatizing System is very predictable. The units are
custom built to your needs, based on the actual tank liquid content, bath temperature needed, and the Btus
necessarytoreplacethetankscalculatednormalheatlossesduringprocessing.Thedatabelowmaybeused
asageneralguideforyourinitialcalculations.

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Tank Vol. Tank Temp Btus Pump TM Size

800 gal l50o165o 275m 24"x2"

1200 gal 150o165o 410m 24"x3"

1600 gal 150o165o 550m 24"x4"

2000 gal 150ol65o 765m 24"x5"

Warranty

EverycomponentoftheHydrosonicPumpMetalPhosphatizingSystemiswarrantedforaminimumofoneyear
against manufacturing defects. The drive motor and the Hydrosonic Pump rotor are warranted for 5 years.
HydroDynamicswarrantsthattheHydrosonicPumpwillneverhavescalebuildupduringprocessing.

GiveUsACall

Wewillbegladtoarrangeaheating"trial"usinganychemicalsorsolutionsthatarecausingproblemsinyour
operations.Pleasecallourofficetodaytodiscusshowwecanhelpyouimproveyourprofitsbyeliminatingthe
problemofscalebuildupforever!

Pulp and Paper
A NEW TECHNOLOGY THAT IS TRULY REVOLUTIONARY

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Scalebuilduponevaporatorsurfacesduringprocessingisanaccepted,expensiveburdenintodayspulpand
papermill.Withinashortperiodoftimeafterprocessingbegins,theevaporatornormallyhastobeshutdown
andcleaned,regardlessoftheconstructionmaterialorthedesignoftheequipment.Althoughimprovementsin
equipmentdesignandprocessinghavebeenmadeovertheyearsthatextend"runtime"betweenboilouts,no
one has been able to solve the problem completely. The expense associated with scale buildup remains
staggering.

Thecombustionlesstechnology exemplified in the Hydrosonic Pump will completely eliminate that expensive
nuisanceofscalebuildup.Withourtechnologyapulpmillcanprocessblackliquor,greenliquor,whiteliquor,
andgraysludgeatproductionratesandefficienciesneverbelievedpossibleinthepast.Ourequipmentwillnot
and cannot scale during processing. We do not know of any other company in the world that can make that
claim.

OURTECHNOLOGYISDIFFERENT

Thistechnologyissorevolutionaryitspatented.TheHydrosonicPumpdoesnotuseelectricheatingelements
orfossilfueltocreateheatenergy.ThePumpgeneratesheatfrom"shockwaves".These"shockwaves"create
millions of microscopic bubbles inside the liquid that release heat when they collapse. The process is
combustionless therefore, the Hydrosonic Pump is considered a nonexplosive device. Based on the system
configuration the Hydrosonic Pump can heat a liquid to any desired temperature. It can convert a liquid into
vapororsteamatanytemperatureandpressure,orproduceacombinationofsteamandhotliquid.

With conventional technologies, heat is transferred into a cooler liquid by a much hotter metal surface. The
temperature differential between hot metal and cooler liquid forces impurities to migrate from the liquid and
builduponthehottermetalsurface.Thisbuildupiscalledscale.

The Hydrosonic Pump heats liquids in a totally different way and creates the heat in a totally different place
"inside the liquid". The heat is created where it is needed. In the Hydrosonic PumpTM there are no heat
transfer surfacesthe metal surfaces are actually cooler than the liquid. Impurities will not migrate from a
hotter liquid and build up on cooler metaltherefore, there is no reason for our system to scale. The delta T
betweentheliquidandthemetalhasbeeneliminated.

BLACKLIQUOREVAPORATION

Pulp andpapermillsusedilutedchemicalstocookchipsinordertoproducehighqualitypulp.Thisisknownas
the Kraft process. These chemicals must be recaptured and reused in the cooking process due to their high
costvalue.Theliquiddischargedfromthecookingprocessiscalledblackliquoranditcontainschemicalsplus
alargevolumeofhydrocarbons.

Thefirststepofchemicalrecoveryinvolvesconcentratingtheblackliquorfromapproximately15%solidstoat
least 65% solids so it can be burned in a recovery boiler. Some mills add crystallizers to their process to
increase the percent solids going to the recovery boiler. In the past, black liquor evaporation has posed a
seriousproblemforKraftmillsbecauseoftheinherenttendencyoftheblackliquortoformscaleonthesurface
oftheheatingelements.

Ineveryblackliquorcompositionthereisapointatwhichtheliquorbecomessaturatedwithsodiumsalts.This
saturationleadstothecrystallizationofsaltoutoftheblackliquor.Sincethenucleationandgrowthofcrystals
arehighlyheatsensitive,thedeltaTbetweentheheatsourceandtheblackliquordictatesthescalingtendency
on the heating elements of the evaporator. As soon as the black liquor contacts the hot surfaces in the
concentrator,calciumseparatesfromligninandformscalciumcarbonatedepositsontheheatingelements.The
calcium carbonate scaling rate doubles for every 50 to 70o rise in temperature of the heating surfaces above
2400F. Scaling begins during the first hour of start up" and will eventually reach a point at which the heat
transferstopscompletely.Beforethatzeroheattransferpointisreached,theevaporationtrainisshutdownand
boiledout.

Inadditiontothescalebuildupthatcanbeboiledoutregularly,thereisacumulativesilicabuildupthatbegins
to occur when the evaporator has been operating for approximately 3 years that cant be removed. The
combinationofthesedifferenttypesofscalebuildup"affectstheoperationcostofamilldramatically.

As the heat transfer rate decreases in the evaporator, production must be decreased in order to maintain the
desired concentration of black liquor going to the recovery boiler. This lays the groundwork for an expensive

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situation.Ifthereisa"boilout"every15daysandproductiondecreasesfrom100%to70%ofmaximumcapacity
during this period of time, the average production rate for this period is only 85% of maximum. If boilout
intervals are less than 15 days and zero production days are considered while the boilout occurs, average
productionpercentageswillbeevenlower.Thisresultsinlargeproductionlossesnotonlyintheblackliquor
area,butalsoinotherareasofpulpingandpapermanufacturing.

Eventhoughproductionisbeingreducedasscalebuildupoccurs,itstillrequiresthesameamountofenergy
as if the evaporators were running at maximum capacity. Over the life of an evaporator scaling can result in
additional energy costs of over 50% on the average. If an evaporator is older, the additional costs could be
much greater. Higher energy costs, higher maintenance and labor costs, coupled with lower production rates
reduceacompanysbottomlinesignificantly.Tosaytheleast,scalingincreasescostsinamilldramatically.

FINALLYTHEREISAREALSOLUTIONTOTHEPROBLEM

Scalingcausestheeconomicsofaprocesstogoawry.Theproductionprocessbegins.Scalebuildupoccurs.
Costsescalate.Steameconomysteadilydecreases.Productionisreducedinordertokeepfinalconcentrations
ofblackliquorgoingtotherecoveryboilerconsistent.Apointintimeisreachedinwhichtheeconomicsofthe
processisunacceptable.Theprocessisshutdown.Theevaporatorsare"boiledout"andthesamescenariois
repeatedagainandagainandagain!TheHydrosonicPumpConcentratorSystemwillputanendtothiscostly
chainofevents.Iteliminatestheproblemforever.Thatisourguarantee.

The Hydrosonic Pump Concentrator System can basically replace the number one evaporator, the pre
concentratorandtheconcentratorwithasimple,lowmaintenance,energyefficientandscalefreesystem.The
System can increase the solids content of black liquor to any concentration a mill may desire. Eighty five
percentconcentrationlevelshavebeenobtainedwithoutscaling,anditappearsthatthesepercentagescanbe
increased.Weknowofnoothersystemthatcanoperateatthesehighconcentrationsonacontinuousbasis.
The Hydrosonic PumpTM Concentrator can be placed at any point in the evaporation process to eliminate
scaling problems. It doesnt matter whether the problems begin at the 35% concentration level or higher.
Productionlevelsremainconstant.Thisenablesthemilltoutilizeplantequipmentinthemostefficientmanner
andcouldresultinproductionincreasesof30%ormore.

ThedesignoftheHydrosonicPumpConcentratorSystemisbasicallythesameasaconventionalconcentrator
usedinpulpmillstoday.Thelowerconcentratedincomingblackliquorisfedintothesystemandmixedwith
veryhighconcentration liquor and circulated through the Hydrosonic Pump at high temperatures. The steam
producedissenttoanotherevaporatortomaintainsteameconomy.Thehighconcentrationblackliquorissent
totherecoveryboiler.

TheHydrosonicPump ConcentratorSystem

ECONOMICS
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There are numerous economic advantages from using the Hydrosonic Pump Concentrator System over
conventionaltechnology.TheHydrosonicPumpisveryenergyefficientbecauseitproducestheheatenergyat
the point of useat the evaporator. Regardless of whether the Pump is powered by a steam turbine or an
electricmotor,theoverallmillsavingsarestaggeringcomparedtotheenergycostrequiredtogeneratethose
savings.

The Hydrosonic Pump System reduces bottlenecks in the evaporator line caused by scaling. This allows
equipment to run at maximum capacity day in and day out with the expected steam economy. Production
increases of 30% may be obtained by installing a single Hydrosonic Pump System at a crucial point in the
evaporatortrain.Higherproductionratesreducedirectlaborcosts.Maintenanceandchemicalcostsassociated
withcleanupareeliminated.Replacementpartsinventoryisdecreased.Milloverheadcostisreducedbecause
oflessdowntimeandincreasedproduction.Capitalcostperpoundofproductislowered.Nospareevaporator
linesarenecessary.

Solids concentration levels can be achieved up to 85%, which greatly increases the Btu value of the black
liquor. For each 2% increase in the solids level going into the boiler there is a 1% increase in overall boiler
efficiency. The chart below represents approximate production increases that can be expected by using the
HydrosonicPumpConcentrationSystem:

ProductionIncreasesUsingtheHydrosonicPumpConcentrator

Conventional Technology

InitialProductionDaysBetweenBoilouts 14 Days 7 Days 3 Days

TimeRequirementfortheBoilout 0.5 Days 0.5 Days 0.5 Days

AnnualDowntimeforBoilouts 13 Days 26 Days 61 Days

Avg.ProductionRateas%ofCapacity 85 % 85 % 85 %

ProductionLostfromcapacityReduction 55 Days 55 Days 55 Days

AnnualDowntimeforBoilouts 0 Days 0 Days 0 Days

Avg.ProductionRateas%ofCapacity 100 % 100 % 100 %

AnnualProductionIncreasefromLessBoilouts 13 Days 26 Days 61 Days

Annual%ProductionIncrease 3.6 % 7.1 % 16.7 %

AnnualProductionIncreasefromCapacityGain 55 Days 55 Days 55 Days

Annual%ProductionIncrease 15 % 15 % 15 %

GrandTotalProductionIncrease 18.6 % 22.1 % 31.7 %

BLACKLIQUORPREHEATING
ItisanestablishedfactthatscalebuilduponevaporatorsurfacesisdeltaTrelated.Expertsagreethatreducing
thedeltaTbetweentheliquorandtheheattransfersurfacesinanevaporatorwillreducetherateatwhichscale
builds up on the heating elements. Many methods have been tried to accomplish thisthe most popular one
beingtheuseofapreheaterpriortoanevaporator.Whenapreheaterisused,thescalingrateisreducedinthe
evaporatorhowever,thereisnormallyseverescalebuildupinthepreheater.

Essentially,oneheatingsurfaceisjustsacrificedfortheotherone.Theneteffectonproductionandruntime
betweenboiloutsdoesnotchangesignificantly.

TheHydrosonicPumpThePerfectPreheater
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TheHydrosonicPumpcanincreasetheblackliquortemperaturetoanydesiredlevelinordertominimize the
deltaTbetweenincomingblackliquorandthesurfacetemperatureoftheheatingelementsoftheevaporator.
ThereisnoscalebuildupinsidethePumpduringthisprocess.Apulpmillreceivesalltheadvantagesofalow
deltaTintheirevaporatorswithouthavingtodealwiththenegativesofscalebuildupthatwouldalwaysoccur
inconventionalpreheaters.

The Btus added to the liquor by the Hydrosonic Pump could accomplish several different objectives during
processing. The mill has a choice of achieving maximum production through the evaporator line, maximum
solids levels or a combination of both. Reduced maintenance, labor, overhead and chemical costs are added
benefits.

The chart below represents approximate production benefits that can be expected by a 50% reduction of the
deltaTinanevaporatorbypreheatingwiththeHydrosonicPump.

ProductionIncreasesUtilizingtheHydrosonicPumpPreheater

ConventionalTechnology

ProductionDaysBetweenBoiloutsinEvaporator 14 Days 7 Days 3 Days

NumberofDowntimeOccurrences 26 Times 52 Times 120 Times

TimeRequirementforBoilout 0.5 Days 0.5 Days 0.5 Days

AnnualDowntimeforBoilouts 13 Days 26 Days 60 Days

HydrosonicPumpTMTechnologyPreheating

DeltaTReductionbyPreheatingLiquor 50 % 50 % 50 %

ProductionDaysBetweenBoiloutsinEvaporator 28 Days 14 Days 6 Days

NumberofDowntimeOccurrences 13 Times 26 Times 60 Times

TimeRequirementforBoilout 0.5 Days 0.5 Days 0.5 Days

AnnualDowntimeforBoilouts 6.5 Days 13 Days 31 Days

Comparison

ProductionDaysGainedbyUsingtheHydrosonicPumpTM 6.5 Days 13 Days 30 Days

Annual%IncreaseinProductionfromLessBoilouts 1.8 % 3.6 % 8.3 %

Annual%IncreaseinProductionfromPreheatingLiquor 6.3 % 6.3 % 6.3 %

Total%IncreaseinProductionbyUsingHydrosonicPumpTMPreheater 8.1 % 9.9 % 14.6 %

HydrosonicPumpPreheatingSystemDesign
The design of the Hydrosonic Pump Preheating System is basically the same as a conventional preheating
system used in pulp mills today. The Hydrosonic Pump is normally placed prior to an effect with a severe
scalingproblem.

TheblackliquorpassesthroughtheHydrosonicPumpandisheatedtoreducethedeltaTbetweentheheating
elementsoftheevaporatorandtheblackliquor.

PreheatingUtilizingtheHydrosonicPump
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ThermalDeactivationofBlackLiquor

Another method for reducing calcium carbonate scale buildup is to heat the black liquor to a minimum
temperatureof3100Fandmaintainthattemperaturelevelforashortperiodoftime.Atthesehightemperatures
calcium is detached from lignin and forms calcium carbonate in the liquor prior to the concentrator. Because
the calcium carbonate is formed prior to entering the concentrator, it will not scale. However, the heating
surface used to raise the temperature to 3100F will scale severely. Another heating surface has been
"sacrificed".TheHydrosonicPumpTMcanraisethetemperatureofblackliquorto3100Forhigherwithoutscale
buildup.

OTHERUSESOFTHEHYDROSONICPUMPTM

HeatingofOtherLiquors

In the heating of green liquor and white liquor in Kraft cooking, steam is injected into the liquid to raise its
temperature to the desired level. This steam condenses and dilutes the liquor in both processes. If heat
exchangersareusedintheprocess,scalingwilloccurrapidly.TheHydrosonicPumpcanapplydirectheatto
theseliquorswithoutdilutionandwithoutscalebuildupinsidetheHydrosonicPump.

AdditionalSteam

TheHydrosonicPumpcansupplyhighpressuresteamatthepointofneedwithinamill.Itcansupplysteamfor
papermachines,drying,evaporation,etc.Thiscanbeaccomplishedonastandalonebasisorasasupplement
totheexistingsteamsupplies.

CLEARTREAT 2000 AVMS DAF HYDROSONIC PARTS WASHER 2000 ORGANOCLAY

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