Running Head: ARTICLE CRITIC ON CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH ON THE FIVE-FACTOR MOON

OF PERSONAILITY 1

Article Critic on Cross-Cultural Research on the Five-Factor Mood of Personality

Jesenia Cordero

University of Old Dominion

Author Note

Jesenia Cordero, College of Science, Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University

Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Jesenia Cordero, College of

Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Old Dominion

University. Norfolk, VA 23529

Jcord009@odu.edu
 Introduction

The article The Cross-Cultural Research on the Five Factor Model of Personality,

explain the Five-Factor Model (FFM) taxonomy of personality traits, of different human

behavior consisting of thoughts, feelings, and actions. Its origin came from the United States;

however, the model has been widely used for cultures personality purposes. Moreover, the

structure of the model represented that personality trait structure is universal. This article goes

into details how age changes could decrease in Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness. In the

other hand, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness from being a young adult to adulthood appears

to increase. Psychologies are currently studying and comparing the mean levels of personality

traits across cultures. They suspect the means to show systematic patterns, but their interpretation

is uncertain.

Five-Factor Model

Two researchers Allport and Odbert (1936), listed 4,000 traits identified them within the

English language, the list has had been used in many other languages. However, those 4,000

traits would have been difficult to conduct. Thanks to Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck, for

organizing the traits into smaller clusters (McCrae, 2002). Has the years gone by, most

personality psychologist sought out the traits to be characterized into five factors of Neuroticism

(N), Extraversion (E), Openness to Experience (O), Agreeableness (A), and Conscientiousness

(C) is known as the Five Factor Model (FFM; McCrea & John, 1992). Those who have a high

range in N are easily depressed, irritable, and anxious. Furthermore, when N is low the person

tends to be more emotional stable. Extraverts are more sociable and cheerful traits; introverts are

sadder. Openness seem to related towards people who are curious, original, and artistic
Agreeableness is characterized by trust, compassion, and modesty; Conscientiousness is to be

purposefulness and punctual. The FFM has be constructed to be universal by translating the traits

within 40 languages or dialects. There are additional personality factors for each and individual

cultures to have a full affect.

Comparison

Adolescence and 30-year-olds shown there been a change in mean level of all five

factors. The N, E, and O declines, while the A and C increases with United States studies. Cross

Cultural studies have similar patterns of age differences than the United States. For example,

Italy data showed patterns of age differences very similar to those in the United States (McCrae,

2002). With age individuals seem to better adjusted and organized, but are less open to new

experience or become less enthusiastic. Another factor researcher used if there is a universal

pattern within gender differences. Within 26 cultures men usually are placed in the high range of

E and O. Another replication of the session was with college age students, suggesting that

gender differences are universal, and maybe biologically based. Based on their findings the

modern European countries showed a larger difference between men and women. The women

were more assertive than other women in different countries. All in all, the mean personality

profiles are meaningful for unrelated to national stereotypes.

Reflection

The article was well explained about the Five Factors. However, there could have been

bore details in comparing developed countries versus non-developed countries personality. Also,

give an example of a dialoged of one of the female participate in Europe describe her personality.

The article could also have gone in details on how participate were able to volunteer or how the
processor was described to them. Were the questionnaire set as an interview, multiple chose, or

open sentence? The article was lacking on how the Five Factor Model was distribute to the

public.
 References

Allik, J., & McCrae, R. R. (2004). Toward a geography of personality traits: Patterns of

profiles across 36 cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 13-28.

Allport, G. W., &

Odbert, H. S. (1936). Trait names: A psycho-lexical study. Psychological

Monographs, 47 (Whole No. 211).