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INSERT IMAGE/LOGO

COMPANY NAME
OWNERS NAME
INSERT ADDRESS
Phone:
Email:

INSERT MOTTO
Confidentiality Agreement

The undersigned reader acknowledges that the information provided by COMPANY


NAME in this business plan is confidential; therefore, reader agrees not to disclose
it without the express written permission of COMPANY NAME.

It is acknowledged by reader that information to be furnished in this business plan


is in all respects confidential in nature, other than information which is in the
public domain through other means and that any disclosure or use of same by
reader may cause serious harm or damage to COMPANY NAME.

Upon request, this document is to be immediately returned to COMPANY NAME.

____________________________
Signature

____________________________
Name (typed or printed)

___________________
Date

This is a business plan. It does not imply an offering of securities.


Table of Contents

1.0 Executive Summary................................................................................1


Chart: Highlights....................................................................................2
1.1 Objectives..........................................................................................3
1.2 Mission..............................................................................................3
1.3 Keys to Success..................................................................................3
2.0 Company Summary................................................................................4
2.1 Company Ownership............................................................................5
2.2 Start-up Summary..............................................................................5
Table: Start-up......................................................................................6
Chart: Start-up......................................................................................6
3.0 Services...............................................................................................7
4.0 Market Analysis Summary.......................................................................7
4.1 Market Segmentation...........................................................................7
Table: Market Analysis............................................................................8
Chart: Market Analysis (Pie)....................................................................8
4.2 Target Market Segment Strategy...........................................................9
4.3 Service Business Analysis.....................................................................9
4.3.1 Competition and Buying Patterns....................................................10
5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary..................................................10
5.1 SWOT Analysis..................................................................................10
5.1.1 Strengths....................................................................................10
5.1.2 Weaknesses................................................................................11
5.1.3 Opportunities..............................................................................11
5.1.4 Threats.......................................................................................11
5.2 Competitive Edge..............................................................................11
5.3 Marketing Strategy............................................................................12
5.4 Sales Strategy..................................................................................12
5.4.1 Sales Forecast.............................................................................12
Table: Sales Forecast.........................................................................13
Chart: Sales Monthly..........................................................................13
Chart: Sales by Year..........................................................................14
5.5 Milestones........................................................................................14
Table: Milestones..................................................................................14
Chart: Milestones.................................................................................15
6.0 Management Summary.........................................................................15
6.1 Personnel Plan..................................................................................15
7.0 Financial Plan.......................................................................................15
7.1 Start-up Funding...............................................................................16
Table: Start-up Funding.........................................................................16
7.2 Important Assumptions......................................................................17
7.3 Break-even Analysis...........................................................................17
Table: Break-even Analysis....................................................................17
Chart: Break-even Analysis....................................................................17
7.4 Projected Profit and Loss....................................................................18
Table of Contents

Table: Profit and Loss............................................................................18


Chart: Profit Monthly............................................................................19
Chart: Profit Yearly...............................................................................19
Chart: Gross Margin Monthly..................................................................20
Chart: Gross Margin Yearly....................................................................20
7.5 Projected Cash Flow...........................................................................21
Table: Cash Flow..................................................................................21
Chart: Cash.........................................................................................22
7.6 Projected Balance Sheet.....................................................................23
Table: Balance Sheet............................................................................23
7.7 Business Ratios.................................................................................24
Table: Ratios.......................................................................................24
Appencies
Table: Sales Forecast....................................................................................i
Table: Profit and Loss...................................................................................ii
Table: Cash Flow.........................................................................................iii
Table: Balance Sheet....................................................................................v
Market Research Report....vii
COMPANY NAME

1.0 Executive Summary

COMPANY NAME is a start-up organization that provides an extremely valuable


and sought after medical assistance service to a growing population of elder
and physically impaired in 8 different counties in the state of [STATE].
COMPANY NAME will succeed by providing peace of mind for clients and their
families through an otherwise difficult time in their lives. Whatever needs to be
done to serve in the best interest of the individual/needy, COMPANY NAME
coordinates and manages it and is available 24hr/7 days a week.

The Market

The type of service that COMPANY NAME is providing is almost non-existent


from the private sector in the region that the business is operated. There are
government agencies on the county, state levels that provide the same services
that COMPANY NAME will be providing. The long delays, lack of personal
attention, and quality of service provided by these agencies leave the market
wide open for private involvement.

COMPANY NAME will employ many strategies to differentiate themselves from


the existing market. The largest of these is differences will be the sincere
concern for the clients well being on every level. Bench marking customer
service is the way COMPANY NAME will corner the market of the industry that is
in desperate need of their services.

The Customers

COMPANY NAME will be concentrating on two different target customer


segments. The first is the elderly. This group is forecasted to account for 95%
of the business. The group is growing as the rate of baby boomers continue to
rise in age. The second group of clients is the ailing or physically impaired.
This group is difficult to speculate growth, but will always be a continued source
of new clients.

The Management Team

COMPANY NAME will be lead by an industry veteran, owner and president


INSERT NAME. INSERT NAME has years of experience in every facet of the
industry from care giving, consultation to billing and discharge planning.
During her tenure at [COMPANY] center she coordinated all aspects of testing
and doctor and nursing appointments and managed tracking and statistics for

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COMPANY NAME

bone marrow transplant management. This makes her and her appointed
officers the best candidates for the start-up of the company.

COMPANY NAME is an exciting opportunity that provides a desperately needed


service to the communities in 8 different counties in [STATE]. COMPANY NAME
will reach sustainable profitability by the 2nd year of business operations.
Through a combination of well-priced services and unbeatable customer service
as well as a seasoned management team, COMPANY NAME will quickly gain
market share and a reputation as a premier health care consultation and
service firm.

Start-up Funding

The business plan will outline in the following sections the funding needs for
COMPANY NAME to open in January of 2011. First two months rent along with
all utility hook fees; $4,500. Professional fees for insurance, legal, accounting,
IT Consulting, and Marketing Consultant for first phase of advertising campaign
for $49,500; building expenses, computers, fax, printer, copier, starting office
supplies for $18,000; office furniture for $5,000; handicap van and car for staff
for $80,000; starting cash balance $40,000 with an addition funds raised for
$203,000. The total funding for start-up is $400,000.

Chart: Highlights

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COMPANY NAME

1.1 Objectives

COMPANY NAME has four community driven objectives:

1. Help people who are in need stay in their home environment instead of
costly facilities.
2. Streamline services and communications in the health/medical field by
providing professionals such as doctors, nurses, therapists, rehabilitation
facilities, and nursing homes better care alternatives and services for care
management.
3. Provide opportunities for the community to serve individuals and their
families to maximize mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual health.
4. Save tax payer dollars from wasteful spending on duplicate health and
medical care by providing comprehensive health care management.

1.2 Mission

The mission of COMPANY NAME is to provide quality, comprehensive and loving


health care coordination and medical management services for the elderly
and/or sick. This service assists not only individuals, families and care givers,
but also doctors, nurses, therapists, hospitals, nursing and rehabilitation
facilities and assisted living communities.

Quality, compassionate COMPANY NAME coordinators manage the individuals in


the home environment, maximizing mental, emotional, physical and spiritual
health and happiness.

Financially prudent, COMPANY NAME seeks to decrease wasteful spending from


disjointed health care and duplications of services. This has cost our nations
billions of dollars. Our goal is to provide smart, innovative, comprehensive
health care coordination and management which will decrease private, public
and government spending.

1.3 Keys to Success

COMPANY NAME keys to success, Integrity, Comprehensive, Innovative,


Urgent, Respectful, Good Will, and Honest, Treating others as you want to be
treated.

Quality and Credibility

Employing care coordinators within the appropriate disciplines who have

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COMPANY NAME

Credentials: Education, Licenses, Certifications


Proven successful track record
Continuing Education Units

Strong Formal Methodology

Developing strong formalized training methodologies for all services


Policy and Procedures
Hierarchy roles in the Organizational Structure: Qualifications and Duties
Confidentiality control
Feedback Reporting and performance measurement

Promotion and Marketing

Starting with what we know: Our first offerings are based on our expertise
Reaching a large targeted population: Expanding our offerings
Spring boarding off current credentials

2.0 Company Summary

It is the life and death times in our lives that we remember. COMPANY NAME
serves to step in with family and friends to make those difficult times a little
less stressful.

Working in the community, in peoples homes and where ever else needed, we
provide health care coordination and management, social work, transportation
and personal assistance to the elderly and those with health care needs.
COMPANY NAME can make, coordinate, and accompany individuals to medical
appointments and treatments. We also provide document summaries from
these appointments or treatments. We make personal medical charts for the
home, the individual and family to understand and manage their own health
care as much as possible. This also assists health care providers in targeting
problems, summaries, recommendations and plans.

COMPANY NAME interacts with hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation centers,


assisted living communities, home care agencies, community resources, family
and friends with the goal to keep the individual in the home environment or
least restrictive, least costly environment. This decreases emergency room
visits, re-admissions, and return to facilities which are all costly. Our
personalized health care coordinators and managers help not only the elder, the
sick and the families but also, our medical providers, insurers, society and the
government.
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COMPANY NAME

2.1 Company Ownership

COMPANY NAME is a privately owned limited liability corporation with a sole


owner. Founder, INSERT NAME formed the business in May of 2010 with a
planned grand opening of January 2011.

2.2 Start-up Summary

COMPANY NAME's founder, INSERT NAME will handle day-to-day operations of


the business and will work collaboratively with her management staff to ensure
that this business venture is a success.

It is estimated that the start-up costs will include the following:


Building Expenses: Awning, tiles, signs, and janitorial for $8,000
Office equipment: Computers, fax machine, printer/copier, and starting office
supplies for $10,000
Marketing Consultant to design/implement Advertising Campaign will be
done through TV, radio, phone directories, along with marketing materials to
include the design of our company logo, pamphlets, brochures, client
information packets, and all printing for $40,000
Legal and Accountant consultation fees for startup for $3,000 each
IT Consultant to develop IT Service/Strategic Plan
First two months rent for $2,000
Vehicles (1 car & 1 handicap van) for $80,000
Insurance premiums for corporation, professional, and employees for $3,000
Utilities hookup; included land lines, fax line, cell phones, gas and electric for
$2,500
Office furniture for $5,000

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COMPANY NAME

Table: Start-up

Start-up
Requirements

Start-up Expenses
Legal $3,000
Marketing Consultant/Advertising Campaign $40,000
Insurance $3,000
Rent $2,000
Computers/Fax Machine/Printer/Copier/starting office
$10,000
supplies
Building Expenses $8,000
Utilities (Hookup of land lines, fax line, cell phones,
$2,500
and gas/electric)
IT Consultant $500
Accountant $3,000
Total Start-up Expenses $72,000

Start-up Assets
Cash Required $40,000
Other Current Assets $5,000
Long-term Assets $80,000
Total Assets $125,000

Total Requirements $197,000

Chart: Start-up

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COMPANY NAME

3.0 Services

COMPANY NAME is a service base business providing health care coordination


and medical management for the elderly and sick. These services will include
coordinating patients medical care in the home, transportation and
accompaniment at medical appointments/treatments, making personal medical
charts for the home/individual/family that are comprehensive outlines,
contacts, medical records, and summaries.

Our services are provided to the individuals in their home environment or least
restrictive, that is a least costly environment compared to homes and
hospitals. This should decrease emergency room visits, re-admissions, and
return to facilities which are costly.

At COMPANY NAME we will focus on the following:

Intensive home medical care management


Comprehensive care coordination
Diminution of inappropriate hospital emergency department use

4.0 Market Analysis Summary

COMPANY NAME is a business that has become necessary because of today's


ever increasing demand on the need for community health care.

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COMPANY NAME

According to [STATE] Department of Aging the 65+ population is expected to


grow by 104 percent between 2005 and 2030; in contrast, the population as a
whole is expected to grow 21 percent during that time period ([STATE]
Department of Planning, 2007). Thus, there is an urgent need to find new
solutions to the challenges posed by an expanding older adult population.

Research has long indicated that older adults prefer to "age in place," growing
old in their own homes and communities rather than institutional facilities.

4.1 Market Segmentation

COMPANY NAME has a focus on meeting the local need for health management
services and care consultation for the elderly and ailing in 8 counties the state
of [STATE]. These counties include: [COUNTIES].

The company wants to establish a significantly large full-time client base in


order to establish a healthy, consistent revenue base to ensure stability of the
business. Customer relations are extremely important, as it is imperative to
keep the clients and family members at ease and comfortable to create return
business and good word of mouth report.

We have conducted extensive market research that shows the current total
population of residents 60 and older, according to the 2000 U.S. Census, (total
for all 8 counties) is approximately 560,000. (The percentage of elderly in all
counties is slightly higher than the 13% of the overall [STATE] population.) Our
projections reduce that number by 70% to account for those healthy enough to
care for themselves, or with family members able to care for them, leaving us
with a total potential market of 168,000.

*Please see appendix for detailed market research report.

Table: Market Analysis

Market Growth Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5


Analysis
Potential CAGR
Customers
Elder Patients 5% 168,000 176,400 185,220 194,481 204,205 5.00%
Ailing
5% 1,500 1,575 1,654 1,737 1,824 5.01%
Patients
Total 5.00% 169,500 177,975 186,854 196,218 206,029 5.00%

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COMPANY NAME

Chart: Market Analysis (Pie)

4.2 Target Market Segment Strategy

The target market for COMPANY NAME is the entire population in the long run,
and the ailing and elderly in all 8 counties. Working closely with other
businesses in the health care field; hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation
clinics and insurance companies, home care agencies, assisted living
communities is crucial for gaining market share of this target market.

The consumer base for COMPANY NAME will be patients referred by physicians,
health care facilities and other health care professionals. The majority of these
patients will be covered by Medicare with a smaller portion being insured by
[STATE] Medicaid or other private insurance carriers.

[STATE] Medicare Stats:


39% of people with Part D get Extra Help (also called the low-income
subsidy, or LIS)
87% of people with Medicare have access to a MA plan for a $0 premium
100% of people with Medicare have access to a MA plan with maximum out-
of-pocket cost limit less than or equal to $3,400

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COMPANY NAME

4.3 Service Business Analysis

Like other Americans, most [STATE]ers want to remain in their homes as they
get older. Surveys by the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) in
1989, 1992 and 1996, found that more than 80 percent of Americans age 50
and older want to "stay in my own home and never move." Personal comfort
and satisfaction with a familiar house or apartment, neighbors and community
constitute powerful reasons to search for ways to make this possible.

The shifting structure of public financing of services for the elder has also
highlighted the importance of increasing options for aging in place.

This is the care management/coordination industry. This service provided is


usually handled by individuals and/or health care providers that don't specialize
in the individual needs of each client. The focus of the business will be to group
together all the services with one convenient company. These services are not
limited to:
Assessment
Consulting
Documentation needs
Transportation

4.3.1 Competition and Buying Patterns

The direct competition we found that provides similar services as COMPANY


NAME in the greater [CITY] area are:
Senior Helpers, [CITY]
Senior Connections, [CITY]

There are also agencies on aging in each county along with the [STATE]
Department of Aging. We are also aware of a local non-profit agency that
developed a major program in the area of Aging in Place in 2002. There
initiated are focused in [COUNTY] County and they work in partnership with
University of [STATE]/Horizon Foundation Planning Workgroup.

These agencies compete well because they are free to the clients. This is the
same reason there is a huge customer base willing to pay for these services.
The lack of funding and quality of care that these agencies are equipped with
can not compare to the same service being offered in the private sector.

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COMPANY NAME

5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary

COMPANY NAME will succeed by offering its clients one stop service and a high
level of attention to the needs of their individual case, by assisting them with
the logistic processes associated with their health care needs.

We plan to inform and educate through the services provided by COMPANY


NAME in documents, physical presentation, automated or virtual forums
throughout the community.

5.1 SWOT Analysis


The following SWOT analysis captures the key strengths and weaknesses within
the company, and describes the opportunities and threats facing COMPANY
NAME .

5.1.1 Strengths
The main strengths of [COMPANY NAME]:
Years of knowledge of the industry.
The need for our business outside of government agencies.
Able to respond to the needs of community organizations and government
agencies that address health and wellness issues

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COMPANY NAME

5.1.2 Weaknesses
The following are what we consider to be our main points of weakness:
The need for operating capital.
There is no one providing this kind of combined service right now in the
area, so it's hard to compare our work to the industry standards.
Adapting effective marketing to our business model.

5.1.3 Opportunities
There are many great opportunities to the business of consulting the elder with
their health care needs:
The growing population of seniors in the community.
Gaining trust within the families of the clients who will need more services.
The need to service people who can are willing and able to pay for services.

5.1.4 Threats
Strong local competitors
Government funded agencies that can acquire funding
Downturn in the economy that would prevent people spending more money
Insurance companies not allowing our clients coverage for our services

5.2 Competitive Edge

The company seeks to establish a competitive edge in its target market


segment by increasing the level of customer contact and service that other
competitors seem to oftentimes lack efficiency and quality.

Government funded program often lack the adequate funding, or do not utilize
the funding to meet the needs of many individuals, care-givers, nor do the
health care providers who are trying to do their jobs (help elder and/or sick
people).

Insurance Companies are just starting to provide case management to get a


handle on complex or difficult cases. They do not however go into the home.
This is the key to really seeing these people and what is happening in these
peoples homes. It takes time but it pays for itself. Some times you have to
pay more up front but in the long term, it saves a ton of money. We need to
get to the heart of the matter to improve situations. We will provide peace of
mind with the services we offer.

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COMPANY NAME

5.3 Marketing Strategy

Our marketing strategy will include an advertising campaign for TV, radio,
phone directories, pamphlets, brochures, and information packets.
These efforts will help us educate and market to hospitals, acute rehabilitation
centers, sub-acute rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, hospice agencies,
hospice facilities, retirement communities, assisted living communities, adult
day care centers, emergency resource agencies, Department of Aging in all
counties, State Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Federal Department
of Health and Mental Hygiene.

We also have a strategic effort to market our services to private doctor offices,
personal care agencies, home care agencies, and non-medical care agencies;
mental health centers, mental health providers, and mental health programs,
United States Central Medical Services (CMS), churches, synagogues, Adult
Protective Services - Department of Social Services.

5.4 Sales Strategy

COMPANY NAME will make a profit through the excellent services for Elder Care
Coordination as long as we grow and maintain our base of clients. The company
expects to double its' clientele within the first 18 months.

Our sales strategy will be based on going out to the community, health care
professionals, and nursing/rehabilitation homes. We will be actively involved
with local and state health care policy review, testimony and reform as well as
discussions with policy makers and lobbyists. This will in turn provide a great
platform for word-of-mouth and referrals.

5.4.1 Sales Forecast

As the following table shows, the company plans to deliver sales of


approximately $278,300 in the first year, $347,875 in the second year, and
$434,844 in the third year plan implementation. This is dependent on a 25%
increase in year two and three. All services expect to lead into each other and
that we will have not only new cliental each month but of course returning
clients with on going needs.

Our pricing structure:


1. Intake and Assessment: $90.00
2. Consulting: $75.00
3. Hourly needs: $75.00

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COMPANY NAME

4. Documentation needs: $25.00


5. Transportation: $25.00 (no cost if hourly assistance included)

We forecast that each client will have average total services of $400 per billing.
This may be new clients on intake and return clients. The first year we will
need to secure 50-60 clients per month.

Table: Sales Forecast

Sales Forecast Year 1 Year 2 Year 3


Sales
Intake and Assessment $88,900 $111,125 $138,906
Consulting $71,600 $89,500 $111,875
Hourly $68,500 $85,625 $107,031
Documentation needs $30,700 $38,375 $47,969
Transportation $18,600 $23,250 $29,063
Total Sales $278,300 $347,875 $434,844

Direct Cost of Sales


Contracted labor $160,200 $240,000 $320,000
Transportation cost $4,350 $5,438 $6,797
Subtotal Direct Cost of
$164,550 $245,438 $326,797
Sales

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COMPANY NAME

Chart: Sales Monthly

Chart: Sales by Year

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COMPANY NAME

5.5 Milestones

This is the beginning year for [COMPANY]. The milestones represent details
allowing smooth flow of tasks that needs to be done to get the company up and
running.

Table: Milestones

Milestones Start Date End Date Budget


Complete Business Planning 9/1/2010 9/30/2010 $4,200
Retain Legal/Accounting/Insurance
10/1/2010 10/30/2010 $9,000
Agent
Acquire Office Space 11/1/2010 11/30/2010 $2,000
Set contracts with Care Managers &
11/15/2010 11/30/2010 $13,000
Office Manager
Purchase Handicap Vehicle 1/1/2011 1/15/2011 $55,000
Purchase Office Equipment and
12/1/2010 12/15/2010 $15,000
Furniture
Purchase Company Car 1/1/2011 1/15/2011 $35,000
Set up IT Consultant 1/15/2011 1/31/2011 $5,800
Begin Media Advertisements 12/15/2010 2/15/2011 $40,000
Totals $179,000

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COMPANY NAME

Chart: Milestones

6.0 Management Summary


COMPANY NAME is presently made up of the owner INSERT NAME who is a
care manager, and two other contractors. INSERT NAME has a Masters in
Social Work and is a Licensed, Certified Social Worker-Clinical (LCSW-C) which
is the highest credentials possible. [NAME] is a care manager and serves as
secretary, and [NAME] serves as the office manager. Margaret Drew is also a
care manager and serves as the treasurer on a volunteer basis at this time.
This organization capacity will depend on the first year of business and cash
flow.

6.1 Personnel Plan


There are currently no personnel as the initial year will be contracted care
managers. There is no plan to acquire personnel in the first year.

7.0 Financial Plan


It is anticipated that the $400,000 in funding that the company will seek to
secure will cover the business start-up costs and provide funds for operating
expenses for the first three years. Depending on if our sales forecasts are met
we should not need additional funding in following years.

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COMPANY NAME

The following chart (Highlights) sets forth the company's anticipated


profitability analysis. The company should see a profit within the first year.
Retained earnings are not projected to be positive as the owners annual pay is
calculated into cost of sales.

7.1 Start-up Funding

The start-up costs of COMPANY NAME will consist primarily of office equipment,
2 vehicles, marketing/advertisement, utility and business services hook-
ups, Professional consultants, and cash for starting balance. Investors will
contribute approximately $400,000. These start-up costs will be funded by
investment capital (to be determined) and grant funding (being sought).

Table: Start-up Funding

Start-up Funding
Start-up Expenses to Fund $72,000
Start-up Assets to Fund $125,000
Total Funding Required $197,000

Assets
Non-cash Assets from Start-up $85,000
Cash Requirements from Start-up $40,000
Additional Cash Raised $203,000
Cash Balance on Starting Date $243,000
Total Assets $328,000

Liabilities and Capital


Liabilities
Current Borrowing $0
Long-term Liabilities $0
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $0
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $0
Total Liabilities $0

Capital
Planned Investment
Owner $0
Investor $400,000
Additional Investment Requirement $0
Total Planned Investment $400,000

Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($72,000)


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COMPANY NAME

Total Capital $328,000

Total Capital and Liabilities $328,000

Total Funding $400,000

7.2 Important Assumptions

Table 7.1 summarizes key financial assumptions, including 45-day average


collection days, sales entirely on invoice basis, expenses mainly on net 30
basis, 35 days on average for payment of invoices, and present-day interest
rates.

7.3 Break-even Analysis

The Break-even Analysis is based on the average of the first-year figures for
total sales by units, and by operating expenses. These are presented as per-
unit revenue, per-unit cost, and fixed costs. These moderate assumptions
make for a more accurate estimate of real risk.

Table: Break-even Analysis

Break-even Analysis

Monthly Revenue Break-even $21,015

Assumptions:
Average Percent Variable Cost 59%
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost $8,589

Chart: Break-even Analysis

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COMPANY NAME

7.4 Projected Profit and Loss

The detailed monthly pro-forma income statement for the first year is included
in the appendix. The annual estimates are included below.

Table: Profit and Loss

Pro Forma Profit and Year 1 Year 2 Year 3


Loss

Sales $278,300 $347,875 $434,844


Direct Cost of Sales $164,550 $245,438 $326,797
Other Costs of Sales $0 $0 $0
Total Cost of Sales $164,550 $245,438 $326,797

Gross Margin $113,750 $102,438 $108,047


Gross Margin % 40.87% 29.45% 24.85%

Expenses
Payroll $0 $0 $0
Marketing/Promotion $45,000 $20,000 $15,000
Depreciation $13,992 $15,557 $17,665
Rent $12,000 $12,600 $13,230
Utilities $2,400 $2,520 $2,646

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COMPANY NAME

Insurance $3,180 $3,339 $3,506


Health Insurance $14,400 $15,120 $15,876
Office Supplies $2,900 $3,045 $3,197
Professional Fees
$3,000 $3,150 $3,308
(Accounting/Legal/IT)
CEU's $800 $840 $882
Vehicle
$750 $788 $827
Maintenance/Repairs
Phone/Internet/Cell $4,650 $4,883 $5,127

Total Operating Expenses $103,072 $81,841 $81,263

Profit Before Interest and


$10,678 $20,597 $26,784
Taxes
EBITDA $24,670 $36,154 $44,449
Interest Expense $0 $0 $0
Taxes Incurred $3,203 $6,179 $8,035

Net Profit $7,475 $14,418 $18,749


Net Profit/Sales 2.69% 4.14% 4.31%

Chart: Profit Monthly

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COMPANY NAME

Chart: Profit Yearly

Chart: Gross Margin Monthly

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COMPANY NAME

Chart: Gross Margin Yearly

7.5 Projected Cash Flow

Cash flow data is presented in the chart and table below. The start-up funding
is crucial to the cash balance as $40,000 is allocated to working capital.

Table: Cash Flow

Pro Forma Cash Flow Year 1 Year 2 Year 3


Cash Received

Cash from Operations


Cash Sales $208,725 $260,906 $326,133
Cash from Receivables $62,325 $85,156 $106,445
Subtotal Cash from Operations $271,050 $346,063 $432,578

Additional Cash Received


Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received $16,698 $20,873 $26,091
New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
New Other Liabilities (interest-
$0 $0 $0
free)
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COMPANY NAME

New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0


Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
New Investment Received $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Received $287,748 $366,935 $458,669

Expenditures Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Expenditures from Operations


Cash Spending $0 $0 $0
Bill Payments $235,351 $313,254 $391,811
Subtotal Spent on Operations $235,351 $313,254 $391,811

Additional Cash Spent


Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $16,698 $20,873 $26,091
Principal Repayment of Current
$0 $0 $0
Borrowing
Other Liabilities Principal
$0 $0 $0
Repayment
Long-term Liabilities Principal
$0 $0 $0
Repayment
Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
Dividends $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Spent $252,049 $334,127 $417,902

Net Cash Flow $35,699 $32,808 $40,767


Cash Balance $278,699 $311,507 $352,274

Chart: Cash

Page
24
COMPANY NAME

Page
25
COMPANY NAME

7.6 Projected Balance Sheet

The following table presents that Balance Sheet for [COMPANY NAME].

Table: Balance Sheet

Pro Forma Balance Year 1 Year 2 Year 3


Sheet
Assets

Current Assets
Cash $278,699 $311,507 $352,274
Accounts Receivable $7,250 $9,063 $11,328
Other Current Assets $5,000 $5,000 $5,000
Total Current Assets $290,949 $325,570 $368,602

Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $80,000 $80,000 $80,000
Accumulated Depreciation $13,992 $29,549 $47,214
Total Long-term Assets $66,008 $50,451 $32,786
Total Assets $356,957 $376,021 $401,388

Liabilities and Capital Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $21,482 $26,129 $32,748
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Current
$21,482 $26,129 $32,748
Liabilities

Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Total Liabilities $21,482 $26,129 $32,748

Paid-in Capital $400,000 $400,000 $400,000


Retained Earnings ($72,000) ($64,525) ($50,108)
Earnings $7,475 $14,418 $18,749
Total Capital $335,475 $349,892 $368,641
Total Liabilities and $356,957 $376,021 $401,388

Page
26
COMPANY NAME

Capital

Net Worth $335,475 $349,892 $368,641

7.7 Business Ratios

Business ratios for the years of this plan are shown below. Industry profile
ratios based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 8322, Services
for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities.

Table: Ratios

Ratio Analysis Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Industry


Profile
Sales Growth n.a. 25.00% 25.00% 6.11%

Percent of Total Assets


Accounts Receivable 2.03% 2.41% 2.82% 18.10%
Other Current Assets 1.40% 1.33% 1.25% 39.04%
Total Current Assets 81.51% 86.58% 91.83% 58.34%
Long-term Assets 18.49% 13.42% 8.17% 41.66%
Total Assets 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

Current Liabilities 6.02% 6.95% 8.16% 28.98%


Long-term Liabilities 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 25.30%
Total Liabilities 6.02% 6.95% 8.16% 54.28%
Net Worth 93.98% 93.05% 91.84% 45.72%

Percent of Sales
Sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Gross Margin 40.87% 29.45% 24.85% 100.00%
Selling, General &
38.19% 25.30% 20.54% 75.42%
Administrative Expenses
Advertising Expenses 16.17% 5.75% 3.45% 0.77%
Profit Before Interest and
3.84% 5.92% 6.16% 1.51%
Taxes

Main Ratios
Current 13.54 12.46 11.26 1.31
Quick 13.54 12.46 11.26 1.01
Total Debt to Total Assets 6.02% 6.95% 8.16% 61.21%

Page
27
COMPANY NAME

Pre-tax Return on Net Worth 3.18% 5.89% 7.27% 6.14%


Pre-tax Return on Assets 2.99% 5.48% 6.67% 2.38%

Page
28
COMPANY NAME

Additional Ratios Year 1 Year 2 Year 3


Net Profit Margin 2.69% 4.14% 4.31% n.a
Return on Equity 2.23% 4.12% 5.09% n.a

Activity Ratios
Accounts Receivable
9.60 9.60 9.60 n.a
Turnover
Collection Days 29 34 34 n.a
Accounts Payable Turnover 11.96 12.17 12.17 n.a
Payment Days 27 27 27 n.a
Total Asset Turnover 0.78 0.93 1.08 n.a

Debt Ratios
Debt to Net Worth 0.06 0.07 0.09 n.a
Current Liab. to Liab. 1.00 1.00 1.00 n.a

Liquidity Ratios
Net Working Capital $269,467 $299,441 $335,855 n.a
Interest Coverage 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.a

Additional Ratios
Assets to Sales 1.28 1.08 0.92 n.a
Current Debt/Total Assets 6% 7% 8% n.a
Acid Test 13.21 12.11 10.91 n.a
Sales/Net Worth 0.83 0.99 1.18 n.a
Dividend Payout 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.a

Page
29
Appendix

Table: Sales Forecast

Sales Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month
Forecast 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Sales
Intake and
$6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $8,000 $8,000 $8,000 $8,000 $7,600 $7,600 $7,900 $7,900 $7,900
Assessment
Consulting $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,700 $4,700 $4,700 $5,800 $8,000 $8,000 $7,400 $7,400 $7,400
Hourly $3,700 $3,700 $3,700 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $5,400 $7,400 $7,400 $8,400 $8,400 $8,400
Documentation
$1,700 $1,700 $1,700 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,800 $3,600 $3,600 $3,200 $3,200 $3,200
needs
Transportation $500 $500 $500 $700 $700 $700 $900 $2,400 $2,400 $3,100 $3,100 $3,100
Total Sales $16,400 $16,400 $16,400 $19,400 $19,400 $19,400 $22,900 $29,000 $29,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000

Direct Cost of Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month
Sales 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Contracted
$13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350 $13,350
labor
Transportation
$250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500
cost
Subtotal Direct
$13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,750 $13,750 $13,750 $13,750 $13,850 $13,850 $13,850
Cost of Sales

Page i
Appendix

Table: Profit and Loss

Pro Forma Profit and Loss Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Sales $16,400 $16,400 $16,400 $19,400 $19,400 $19,400 $22,900 $29,000 $29,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000
Direct Cost of Sales $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,750 $13,750 $13,750 $13,750 $13,850 $13,850 $13,850
Other Costs of Sales
Total Cost of Sales $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,600 $13,750 $13,750 $13,750 $13,750 $13,850 $13,850 $13,850

Gross Margin $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $5,800 $5,800 $5,650 $9,150 $15,250 $15,250 $16,150 $16,150 $16,150
Gross Margin % 17.07% 17.07% 17.07% 29.90% 29.90% 29.12% 39.96% 52.59% 52.59% 53.83% 53.83% 53.83%

Expenses
Marketing/Promotion $5,500 $5,500 $5,500 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000
Depreciation $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166
Rent $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Utilities $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200
Insurance $265 $265 $265 $265 $265 $265 $265 $265 $265 $265 $265 $265
Health Insurance 15% $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200
Office Supplies 15% $350 $150 $350 $150 $350 $150 $350 $150 $350 $200 $150 $200
Professional Fees
15% $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250 $250
(Accounting/Legal/IT)
CEU's 15% $200 $0 $0 $200 $0 $0 $200 $0 $0 $200 $0 $0
Vehicle
15% $0 $0 $150 $100 $0 $150 $100 $0 $150 $0 $100 $0
Maintenance/Repairs
Phone/Internet/Cell $375 $375 $375 $375 $375 $375 $375 $375 $375 $425 $425 $425

Total Operating
$10,506 $10,106 $10,456 $8,906 $8,806 $8,756 $8,606 $8,106 $8,456 $6,906 $6,756 $6,706
Expenses

Profit Before Interest


($7,706) ($7,306) ($7,656) ($3,106) ($3,006) ($3,106) $544 $7,144 $6,794 $9,244 $9,394 $9,444
and Taxes
EBITDA ($6,540) ($6,140) ($6,490) ($1,940) ($1,840) ($1,940) $1,710 $8,310 $7,960 $10,410 $10,560 $10,610
Interest Expense $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Taxes Incurred ($2,312) ($2,192) ($2,297) ($932) ($902) ($932) $163 $2,143 $2,038 $2,773 $2,818 $2,833

Net Profit ($5,394) ($5,114) ($5,359) ($2,174) ($2,104) ($2,174) $381 $5,001 $4,756 $6,471 $6,576 $6,611
Net Profit/Sales -32.89% -31.18% -32.68% -11.21% -10.85% -11.21% 1.66% 17.24% 16.40% 21.57% 21.92% 22.04%

Page ii
Appendix

Table: Cash Flow

Pro Forma Cash Month Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont
Flow 1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h7 h8 h9 h 10 h 11 h 12
Cash Received
Cash from
Operations
Cash Sales $12,30 $12,30 $12,30 $14,55 $14,55 $14,55 $17,17 $21,75 $21,75 $22,50 $22,5 $22,5
0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 00 00
Cash from $7,50 $7,50
$137 $4,100 $4,100 $4,125 $4,850 $4,850 $4,879 $5,776 $7,250 $7,258
Receivables 0 0
Subtotal Cash from $12,43 $16,40 $16,40 $18,67 $19,40 $19,40 $22,05 $27,52 $29,00 $29,75 $30,0 $30,0
Operations 7 0 0 5 0 0 4 6 0 8 00 00

Additional Cash
Received
Sales Tax, VAT, 6.00 $1,80 $1,80
$984 $984 $984 $1,164 $1,164 $1,164 $1,374 $1,740 $1,740 $1,800
HST/GST Received % 0 0
New Current
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Borrowing
New Other Liabilities
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
(interest-free)
New Long-term
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Liabilities
Sales of Other
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Current Assets
Sales of Long-term
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Assets
New Investment
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Received
Subtotal Cash $13,42 $17,38 $17,38 $19,83 $20,56 $20,56 $23,42 $29,26 $30,74 $31,55 $31,8 $31,8
Received 1 4 4 9 4 4 8 6 0 8 00 00

Expenditures Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Expenditures from
Operations
Cash Spending $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

Page iii
Appendix

Bill Payments $20,61 $20,35 $20,58 $20,40 $20,34 $20,44 $21,40 $22,84 $23,05 $22,3 $22,2
$688
9 6 7 6 1 0 3 1 4 60 57
Subtotal Spent on $20,61 $20,35 $20,58 $20,40 $20,34 $20,44 $21,40 $22,84 $23,05 $22,3 $22,2
$688
Operations 9 6 7 6 1 0 3 1 4 60 57
Sales Tax, VAT, $1,80 $1,80
$984 $984 $984 $1,164 $1,164 $1,164 $1,374 $1,740 $1,740 $1,800
HST/GST Paid Out 0 0
Pro Forma Cash Month Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont
Flow 1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h7 h8 h9 h 10 h 11 h 12
Principal Repayment
of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

Long-term Liabilities
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Principal Repayment
Purchase Other
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Current Assets
Purchase Long-term
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Assets
Dividends $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Spent $21,60 $21,34 $21,75 $21,57 $21,50 $21,81 $23,14 $24,58 $24,85 $24,1 $24,0
$1,672
3 0 1 0 5 4 3 1 4 60 57

Net Cash Flow $11,74 ($4,21 ($3,95 ($1,91 ($1,00 $7,64 $7,74
($941) $1,614 $6,123 $6,159 $6,704
9 9) 6) 2) 6) 0 3
Cash Balance $254,74 $250,53 $246,57 $244,66 $243,65 $242,71 $244,33 $250,45 $256,61 $263,3 $270, $278,6
9 0 4 2 6 5 0 3 2 16 956 99

Page iv
Appendix

Table: Balance Sheet

Pro Forma Starting Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month Month 11 Month 12
Balance Balances 10
Sheet
Assets
Current
Assets
Cash $243,000 $254,749 $250,530 $246,574 $244,662 $243,656 $242,715 $244,330 $250,453 $256,612 $263,316 $270,956 $278,699
Accounts
$0 $3,963 $3,963 $3,963 $4,688 $4,688 $4,688 $5,534 $7,008 $7,008 $7,250 $7,250 $7,250
Receivable
Other
Current $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000
Assets
Total Current
$248,000 $263,712 $259,494 $255,537 $254,350 $253,344 $252,404 $254,864 $262,461 $268,620 $275,566 $283,206 $290,949
Assets

Long-term
Assets
Long-term
$80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000
Assets
Accumulated
$0 $1,166 $2,332 $3,498 $4,664 $5,830 $6,996 $8,162 $9,328 $10,494 $11,660 $12,826 $13,992
Depreciation
Total Long-
$80,000 $78,834 $77,668 $76,502 $75,336 $74,170 $73,004 $71,838 $70,672 $69,506 $68,340 $67,174 $66,008
term Assets
Total Assets $328,000 $342,546 $337,162 $332,039 $329,686 $327,514 $325,408 $326,702 $333,133 $338,126 $343,906 $350,380 $356,957

Liabilities and
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Capital

Current
Liabilities
Accounts
$0 $19,941 $19,670 $19,907 $19,728 $19,660 $19,728 $20,641 $22,072 $22,309 $21,618 $21,516 $21,482
Payable
Current
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Borrowing
Other
Current $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Liabilities
Subtotal
Current $0 $19,941 $19,670 $19,907 $19,728 $19,660 $19,728 $20,641 $22,072 $22,309 $21,618 $21,516 $21,482
Liabilities

Pro Forma Starting Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month Month 11 Month 12
Balance Balances 10
Sheet
Long-term
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Liabilities

Page v
Appendix

Total
$0 $19,941 $19,670 $19,907 $19,728 $19,660 $19,728 $20,641 $22,072 $22,309 $21,618 $21,516 $21,482
Liabilities
Paid-in
$400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000 $400,000
Capital
Retained
($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000) ($72,000)
Earnings
Earnings $0 ($5,394) ($10,508) ($15,868) ($18,042) ($20,146) ($22,320) ($21,939) ($16,939) ($12,183) ($5,712) $864 $7,475
Total Capital $328,000 $322,606 $317,492 $312,132 $309,958 $307,854 $305,680 $306,061 $311,061 $315,817 $322,288 $328,864 $335,475
Total
Liabilities and $328,000 $342,546 $337,162 $332,039 $329,686 $327,514 $325,408 $326,702 $333,133 $338,126 $343,906 $350,380 $356,957
Capital

Net Worth $328,000 $322,606 $317,492 $312,132 $309,958 $307,854 $305,680 $306,061 $311,061 $315,817 $322,288 $328,864 $335,475

Page vi
Appendix

Market Research Report


According to DHHS Administration of Aging Stats of 2008

Carroll County
20,410 are 60+
913 people in nursing homes
10 people in homes for the physically handicapped

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 21,594 (19,220 aged, 2,374 disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1203.270

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:


Number of recipients older than 64: 204

Page vii
Appendix

[CITY] City
93,508 are 60+
4204 people in nursing homes
80 people in other hospitals or wards for chronically ill
64 people in homes for the physically handicapped

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 95,297 (77,374 aged, 17,923
disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1458.130

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2004:


Number of recipients older than 64: 6,599

Page viii
Appendix

[COUNTY] County
154,449 are 60+
4055 people in nursing homes
92 people in other hospitals or wards for chronically ill
85 people in homes for the physically handicapped

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 119,838 (106,125 aged, 13,713
disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1213.180

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:


Number of recipients older than 64: 6,410

Page ix
Appendix

[COUNTY] County
38,272 are 60+
448 people in nursing homes
183 people in homes for the physically handicapped
13 people in hospices or homes for chronically ill

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 17,918 (16,192 aged, 1,726 disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1248.440

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:


Number of recipients older than 64: 987

Page x
Appendix

[COUNTY] County
37,546 are 60+

603 people in nursing homes

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 26,526 (23,188 aged, 3,338 disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1248.860

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:


Number of recipients older than 64: 426

Page xi
Appendix

[COUNTY] County
14,783 are 60+

414 people in nursing homes


82 people in hospitals/wards and hospices for chronically ill
8 people in homes for the physically handicapped

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 11,198 (9,173 aged, 2,025 disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1288.400

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:


Number of recipients older than 64: 163

Page xii
Appendix

[COUNTY] County
152,097 are 60+
4357 people in nursing homes
90 people in hospitals/wards and hospices for chronically ill
62 people in homes for the physically handicapped

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 102,284 (95,011 aged, 7,273
disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1463.590

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:


Number of recipients older than 64: 6,436

Page xiii
Appendix

[COUNTY] County
48,965 are 60+
1752 people in nursing homes
13 people in homes for the physically handicapped
5 people in hospitals/wards and hospices for chronically ill

Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical


insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2003: 58,064 (50,884 aged, 7,180 disabled)
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1312.640

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:


Number of recipients older than 64: 935

Page xiv

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