Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Corona Noise on HVAC and the form of impulse pulses. Corona discharges ,
HVDC randomly distributed along the HV power lines,
inject current impulses into bundle conductors
KUSHAL UJALA DEPARTMENT OF Discharges on the three different phase
ELECTRICAL AND ELELCTRONICS conductors occur at different times.When even
C.S.I.T., DURG the voltage on a particular phase is high enough ,
Kushalujala@gmail.com a corcna burst occurs and noise is generated .
ROOPESH KUMAR SAHU DEPARTMENT Although the conductors are designed to
OF ELECTRICAL AND ELELCTRONICS minimize corona discharges surface irregularities
C.S.I.T., DURG caused by damage, insects , raindrops or
contamination may locally enhance the electric
Abstract : The paper presents an experimental field strength sufficiently high for corona
research in the corona noise on a 400kV discharges to occur.[1]
overhead power line with a horizontal The corona noise level generated by
disposition of conductors.The high voltage over head power lines suffer from various
power line in its role of a communication parameters such as:-
channel is a source of different noises atmospheric conditions,
characterizing an important feature of this line length,
communication media. The main objective was avg value of altitude,
measuring & modeling the corona noise. size of conductors and their
Measurements of the Power Spectrum Density configuration,
(PSD) and relative corona noise within a power type of connection,
frequency period are presented for different
bundle conductor composition,
weather condition. The algorithm for measuring
variations in the corona noise level by 7.95 dB at voltage gradient, and
foul weather condition by 2.9dB at fair weather ground resistance
condition. An appropriate computer model of the The corona generated currents change
corona noise complaint with the measurement with atmospheric and also environmental
results is proposed. conditions that can not be defined accurately and
are uncertain in nature . Apart from atmospheric
1) Introduction conditions, which have a predominant influence
on corona noise level and vary during the time ,
The corona noise is caused by partial there are also some other factors that also affect
discharges on insulator & in air surrounding the level of the noise PSD but they are almost
electrical conductors of overhead power lines. constant in any weather conditions and normal
Discharges occur on three diiffernt phase operations of the power line. Because of the
conductors at different times.The corona noise nature of the corona noise , the HV power lines
level is considerably dependent on the weather as a communication channel desnot represent an
conditions.It is well known that the effect of the AWGN environment .
corona noise is particularly strong in the foul
weather conditions. 3) Measurment Analysis and Methodology
Properties of the corona noise are significant for
both analogue & digital power line 3.1. Measurment Analysis
communications but their influences on
decreasing the channel quality are different.The A basic setup for the noise
analogue Power Line Carrier(PLC) modem is measurement is shown in Fig1. The PLC LINE
tolerant to degradation of channel quality caused Trap Units (LTUs) are connected in series with
by corona noise.Thus , the modeling of this noise the power line to contribute a correct
was based on the Additive White Guassian Noise transmission and reception of the power line
(AWGN). carrier signals . The LTU impedance for the
power line frequency is high and for the
2) Corona Noise industrial frequency it is very low . A coupling
ckt. is used to connect the measurement
Ionization of air surrounding conductors equipment to the HV power line and to protect
of the HV power lines caused by electrostatic the equipment from being damaged because of
the 400kv/50Hz signal. Functions of the bandpass filter with:
coupling device for noise measurement a)
equipment , match impedances and electrical
insulation between the HV power line and the
measurement equipment. central
freque
ncy
199
kHz
and
bandw
idth
22kHz
b)
cent
ral
cent
ral
freq
uen
cy
273
kHz
and
ban
Fig. 2. Amplitude characteristics of the applied dwi
dth collects and stores all the measured data . The
stored waveform pts. are samples of the
34 measured signal and they are defined by the
kHz times and amplitude value consisting of a
sequence of measured pts. We have analysed a
d) signal waveform consisting of :
equidistant waveform samples and
cent sequence of minimum and maximum
waveform pts. of noise samples.
ral
freq
4) PSD of the HV Power Lines Noise
uen
cy Similarly as signals, the noise too can be
described in a spectral domain. Because of its
280 random nature it is usually defined in terms of
kHz PSD that can be used as a measure of a
continuous broadband noise and discrete
and peaks.PSD measures distribution of the noise
ban power with frequency Therefore, the noise PSD
represents an avg noise level in the frequency
dwi
domain. In practice ,we can only measure PSD in
dth a finite band.Fig 3 shows the noise level which
can be measured at high frequency cable in a
90
substation.Results of the noise PSD
kHz measurements made at fair weather cond. are
given in fig 3a.Using the same approach ,the
noise PSD was measured also at foul weather
3.2. Measurement methodology conditions are given in fig3b.This has been taken
from Ref[1].
1. PSD From fig3 we can see that the following is
1. Average RMS voltage at the filter o/p of characteristics for the measured PLC channel:
a given bandwidth,and corona noise
2. Variation in the RMS voltage within a interference with other power line
power frequency period . carriers
The spectrum/network analyzer HP 3589A Foul weather conditions significantly affect the
was used for estimation of the noise PSD and corona noise .The noise level at such conditions
measurements of interferance from external is approx 15 db above the level at fair weather
sources. The measurements were conducted at conds.Also obsereved from fig 3 is that the
fair and foul weather conditions using the corona noise PSD decreases with the increasing
spectrum/network analyzer at the input of a frequency.With the obtained results avg levels of
bandpass filter(fig1.) with 100 avgs and a the background noise and spectral components
bandwidth of 1 Hz. The noise power level for caused by other noise sources existing on the
different bandwidths was calculated by using the obsereved power line can now be determined.
following expression:-
PN f 1 = PN f 2 +10 log{f1/{f2}
1. INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISION, IEC REPORT (1980) Planning of
(single-side band) power line carrier systems.
Geneva.
2. CIGRE STUDY COMMITTEE 35 Working
Group 09 (2000) Report on Digital Power Line
Carrier.
3. D.C.Smith,The major Control and Protection
Functions of the Telecommunication System
Installed on the Cahora Bassa- Apollo Scheme.
4. F. Venter , Class Notes on HVDC Systems
Design and Operation,Durban, May 2001
5. M.S.Naidu, V.Kamaraju.High Voltage
Engineering,2nd ed..McGraw-Hill,1995.
6. D.V.Razevig,High Voltage
Engineering,Khanna Publisher,1982.
7. A.C.Britten ,Class Notes on HVDC Systems
Design and Operation,Durban, July 2001.
8. Guide on Power Line
Carrier,CIGRE,Paris,1979.