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CHAPTER IV

FINDING AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the finding and the discussion of action research in

the implementation of audiovisual in teaching learning listening at the eight year

students of SMP Sunan Gunung Jati, Ngunut Tulungagung in the academic year

2013/2014.

A. Research Findings

1. Preliminary Study

The classroom action research in this research carried in two cycles, cycle

1 and cycle 2. And the procedures of the study cover four stages planning, action,

observing, reflecting. The first step which has been done by the researcher before

doing the phase of the classroom action research is the preliminary study. It was

done to know the students problems in learning English especially in listening

skill, and it was conducted on May 23, 2014. Based on the result of observation

and interview the English teacher which were conducted in the preliminary study,

the researcher concluded that the students had some difficulties to comprehen

listening skill. Most of the students poor in listening and they were not

consentration and they seemed bored to follow the class. As a result, some

students are talking with their friends in the process of teaching and learning.

Then when the teacher asked the students in English about the content of listening

text, they were not able to answer.

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The preliminary study was conducted on Friday, May 23rd 2014. From the

preliminary study, the researcher knew that the students in eighr year at SMP

Gunung Jati, Ngunut Tulungagung in the academic year 2013/2014 had problem

in listening comprehension. Many students got low score than criteria of success

(KKM), the criteria of success of English in SMP Gunung Jati, Ngunut

Tulungagung is 75. Due to the students were less motivation to follow the process

of teaching and learning listening. The researcher also gave pre test before

implemented audiovisual as the method in teaching and learning listening.

The data of the students listening test score in preliminary study was

shown, students passed 4 students and they were failed 36 students. The table and

graphic shown the data of pre-test:

Table 1

NO SCORE INTERVAL F PERCENTACE

1 40 45 10 25%

2 50 55 20 50%

3 60 65 6 15%

4 70 75 2 5%

5 80 -85 2 5%

6 90 95 0 0%
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Graphic 1:

The Students Pre Test Score

Graphic 4.1 Graphic of the students preliminary test

The data of the students listening test score which they were got in the

preliminary study indicated that listening score of many students was below

criteria of success. There were only 4 students got good score, it was higher than

criteria of success, and there were 36 students got the poor score. So, the students

got success was 10 %.

2. Findings from Cycle 1

1. Planning

Before doing the action in first cycle in this research, the researcher

designed the lesson plan. It should be made in order to help the teacher to

know the students need and to motivate the students to follow lesson in
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the class. The lesson plan was arranged and developed based on the first

semester program. Besides, the researcher needed to prepare instruments

of listening skill and get information of criteria of success from the

English teacher. There were 40 students joined in the class.

1.1. Preparing the Lesson Plan

For designed the lesson plan, the researcher and the

collaborator disscused about the strategy, the materials, teaching

media and research instrument that will used in action, the researcher

also determined standard competence, basic competence and indicator

aim of teaching and learning process, and assignment. In action, the

researcher will used time in two perriod, there were about eighty

minutes in every meetings.

1.2. Preparing Instructional Materials

For preparing the materials, the researcher used instructional

materials descriptive text from the text book which given by the

collaborator teacher. The researcher also taken the materials from

internet, because there were more option descriptive text that could

be chosen by the researcher.

1.3. Preparing Teaching Media

The media which used by the researcher here is audiovisual

media.
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1.4. Preparing Research Instruments

The researcher used some instruments to collect the data there

were observation sheet, questionnaire sheet, and listening test. All

instruments were applied to obtain the data in teaching and learning

listening using audiovisual media. after obtaining the data, the

resarcher analyzed them as the reflection to decide the succesful of

the action using audiovisual media in this research.

2. Action

In this phase, the researcher acted as the teacher, and the real

English teacher of the school acted as the observer.

1. Meeting 1

Meeting I was administered according to the schedule, that was

on Saturday, May 24th 2014. The teacher opened the class by greeting

to the students, checking the students attendance, and also motivating

the students to follow the teaching and learning process seriously. The

teacher started the lesson by giving questions about the material in

order to stimulate the students. The teacher asked the students about

what they know related to descriptive text. From the students answer

the teacher knew that some of them had understood about the

descriptive text, but they could not mention the function, the linguistic

features, and rhetorical steps of descriptive text text. Then, the teacher

explained about the descriptive text to them.

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After that, the teacher showed a short descriptive story as the

example, in this case the teacher switch on TV and VCD, the teacher

start to play a short film about describing animals. Then, students

attention and listening the dialogue in the film. After listening the film,

teacher asked students to retell what they had listen. In this meeting,

the researcher did not take the students score.

Before closing the class, the teacher asked the students

difficulties during teaching and learning process, the students could

ask their difficulties to the teacher. The reinforcement by giving the

conclusion about the material also was done by the teacher to the

students. Then, she closed the class by praying and saying goodbye to

the students.

2. Meeting 2

Then, the administration of meeting II was on Monday, May

26th 2014. Meeting II was administrated to teach descriptive text by

using audiovisual media. The teacher opened the class by greeting to

the students, checking the students attendance, and motivating the

students to follow the teaching and learning process seriously. The

teacher asked some questions to the students to review the previous

meeting. For example, What is descriptive text?, and What is the

generic structure of descriptive text?. It was to know whether the

students still remember the previous lesson or not. Next, the teacher

switch on TV and VCD and play the film about describing an animals.
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Then, students listened it in several minutes. After listening it, the

teacher asked students one by one about the content of film with

different questions. And, students answered orally. The last, teachers

closed teaching and learning and will continue in the next meeting.

3. Meeting 3

Then, teacher conducted the meeting III on Friday, May 30th

2014. In this meeting conducted the post test cycle 1. After opening

the meeting, the teacher switch on TV and VCD and play a film about

decribing two animals. After listening that film, students finished the

test.

At the end of meeting IV, the teacher asked the students

difficulties during teaching and learning process, especially the teacher

gave opportunity to the students into get difficulties.

The data of the students listening test score in cycle 1 was

shown. The table and graphic shown the data of pre-test

Table 2

NO SCORE INTERVAL F PERCENTACE

1 40 45 10 25%

2 50 55 8 2%

3 60 65 10 25%

4 70 75 6 15%

5 80 -85 4 1%

6 90 95 2 5%
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Graphic 2:

The Students Post Test 1 Score

Graphic 4.2 Graphic of the students post test 1

Based on the result of the post test in this cycle, the

students score improved. There were 28 students got less score

than criteria of success, and 12 students passed. It can be said,

there were 30 % students having success. It means that this cycle

were unsuccessful, because the target of the criteria of success

were 85% among the whole member of eight class who as the

sample of this research. Some of students could not answer tsome

question and the students participation in teaching and learning

process less seriously.

So, they could not submit their answer on time based on the

time given. Some of them false in answer those questions because

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they have problems in understanding the story so the researcher

continued in the next cycle.

3. Observing

The observation of the action process of cycle I was conducted

using observation sheet to evaluate the techniqeu applied by the teacher, to

observe the teachers activities and the students activities in the

instructional process. The result of observation in cycle I showed that the

teacher followed the step completely, and the students learned

enthusiastically in the class. But some students looked confuse

understanding the film.

4. Reflecting

Based on the obtained data from test result on cycle 1, the

researcher made reflection because the criteria of success had not been

achieved. Reflection was analyzed main teaching concluded to find the

strength and the weakness of the first cycle with 30 % students passed the

test, means that the research was unsuccessful. Actually, the positive

responses were given by the students on teaching learning process. The

students were excited when they listened the film. But, they could not

completely undertanding the content of film. It was because some of

students still confused about the content of film. And the students responds

about this method still low, because after listening the film, they were still
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confuse. Based on the weakness found in implementation of cycle 1, the

study was continued to cycle 2.

5. The Different Design between Cycle 1 and Cycle 2

Cycle 2 was carried out through the same procedure and time

allocation as the cycle 1. But, the researcher designed it with different

strategy.

On the first cycle, the teacher asked the students to listened the

film. And, the teacher just played a film once time. Then, it maked

students still confuse and difficult to understand the film. The result of it

the students did not able to finish question correctly. Next, in cycle 2 the

teacher played a film twice.

4.1.3. Cycle 2

This part discusses the finding of the second cycle. The result of

the action in the first cycle had already shown that using audiovisual could

improve the students ability in learning listening. But there were several

weaknesses that should be overcome. It is because the students had

difference intelligent, so, only the students who were clever were able to

finish the researchers instruction in a short time.

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1. Planning

The reflecting in the first cycle is used as a guidance to make

and revise planning in the second cycle and the different design

between Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 as follows :

Cycle 2 was carried out through the same procedure and time

allocation as the cycle 1. But, the researcher designed it with different

strategy.

On the first cycle, the teacher asked the students to listened the

film. And, the teacher just played a film once time. Then, it maked students

still confuse and difficult to understan the film. The result of it the students

did not able to finish question correctly. Next, in cycle 2 the teacher played

a film twice so students easier to understand the content of film.

In this stage, the researcher prepared a lesson plan which consisted

of three meetings, material for teaching listening using audiovisual media

about descriptive text, and test to be given in the end of cycle.

1.1. Preparing a lesson plan

The researcher prepare a lesson plan with determined standart

competence, basic competence, indicator aim of the teaching learning

process, the time allotment in every meetings was same in cycle 1.

1.2. Preparing Teaching Media

In the cycle 2, the researcher still used audiovisual media.

1.3. Preparing Instructional Materials

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In the cycle 2, the researcher used the material with different

film from in the first cycle, the researcher took the text from internet,

because the materials more interest and has more option to choose by

the researcher.

1.4. Preparing Research Instruments

The researcher used some instruments to collect the data there

were observation sheet, questionnaire sheet, and listening

comprehension test. All instruments were applied to obtain the data in

teaching and learning listening using audiovisual media. after

obtaining the data, the resarcher analyzed them as the reflection to

decide the succesful of the action of using audiovisual media in this

research.

2. Action

1) Meeting 1

The administration of meeting I was on Monday, June 2th 2014.

The teacher opened the class by greeting to the students, checking the

students attendance, and motivating the students to follow the teaching

and learning process seriously. Then, the teacher reviews the previous

lesson and gave the questions related to the material in order to

remembering the students about the material given and the students

answered the question orally.

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Next, teacher switch on TV and VCD, the teacher start to play a

short film about describing an animal. Then, students attention and

listening the dialogue in the film. Then, the teacher replayed the film one

again. After listening the film, teacher asked some students to retell what

they had listen in front of the class. In this meeting, the researcher did not

take the students score

Time is over and the teacher asked them will continue in meeting

II. Then, she closed the class by saying goodbye to the students.

2) Meeting 2

Meeting II was administrated on Friday, June 6th 2014. Meeting II

was administrated to continue the previous cycle. The first, the teacher

opened the class as usual by greeting to the students, checking the

students attendance, and motivating the students to follow the teaching

and learning process seriously.

Then, the teacher asked them some questions related the previous

material in order to stimulate the students. The teacher switch on the

laptop and play a short film about describing two animals. Then, students

listened short dialogue in film. The film played twice. Next, teacher wrote

some questions on the white board and asked students to finish it in their

book. Then, some students read their answer to discuss.. Then, the teacher

say goodbye the students as the closing.

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3) Meeting 3

Then, teacher conducted the meeting III on Saturday, June 7th 2014.

In this meeting conducted the post test cycle 2. After opening the meeting,

the teacher switch on TV and VCD and play a film about decribing two

people. The film played twice. After listening that film, students finished

the test.

The data of the students listening test score in cycle 2 was shown.

The table and graphic shown the data of post-test:

Table 3

NO SCORE INTERVAL F PERCENTACE

1 40 45 2 5%

2 50 55 1 25%

3 60 65 3 75%

4 70 75 6 15%

5 80 -85 18 45%

6 90 95 10 25%

Graphic 3:

The Students Post Test 2 Score

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Graphic 4.3 Graphic of the students post test 2

Based on the graphic above, post test of cycle II shows that there

were any improving the students listening skill. In fact, there were 6

students failed and 34 students passed. It means, there were 85 % students

got success. During the action, observation was also conducted to collect

the data about teachers and students activities. Based on the observation

of the teachers activities, the teacher can implemented the media in

teaching learning listening was very good based on the prepared planning.

And based on the observation of the students activities, it was

found that there was a good result. The students were more interesting

with the lesson and they could listen comprehension,and they listened the

teachers explanation carefully. By the observation above, the second

cycle indicated that the students looked more serious and active joining the

teaching and learning process.

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3. Observing

In this research, the researcher also took on observation in the data

collection. The findings from the observation were the researcher found

information about the condition of the class, the students responds about

this media and also how the researcher implement the audiovisual in

teaching and learning listening comprehension.

In cycle 2 the students interested were increased, they felt enjoy

and happy with using audiovisual media to improve their listening

comprehension. After teacher played film twice in every meeting , the

students looked easier understanding the content of film. And the

condition of the class more active and seriously. So, their achievement can

better than before.

B. Reflecting

From the analysis of the teaching and learning result, it could be

concluded that there were some evidences showing that the criteria of

success were achieved. First, the students were more active in class during

the implementation. Second, all of the students could finish the listeng test

based the time was given. Third, based on the cycle II, there was 85%

among the whole member of the eight year students passed, it means that

the research was achieved.

The improvement in students listening comprehension by using

audiovisual media indicated this research was successful, and the students
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listening comprehension can be improved. The researcher concludes that

there was significant enhance on the eighth grade students skill in

listening using audiovisual media at SMP Sunan Gunung Jati, Ngunut

Tulungagung. The students skill indicated that using audiovisual media in

two cycles were effective to increase the students listening

comprehension. So, the cycle was stop.

B. Discussion

From the data of the preliminary study, cycle I, and cycle II were shown

that the students listening comprehension improved. In the preliminary study,

there were 36 students could not reach passing grade, and 4 students got good

score. It means, there ware 10% students got success.. Then in cycle I, there were

28 students could not reach the passing grade, and 12 students passed. It means,

there were 30% students got success. And in cycle II, revealed that there were 6

students could not reach the passing grade, and 34 students reach the passing

grade. It means, there were 85% students got success. So, it was clear that

audiovisual media can improve students listening comprehension. And teaching

listening by using Audio Visual media attracts the students attention in improving

their listening comprehension.

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Graphic 4:
The students score in preliminary study, cycle 1, cycle 2
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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A. Conclusions

After analyzing the result of the research, the researcher took two

conclusions.

The first, after observing the students attitude in listening class, by

applay audio visual media students look attractive in learning listening,

students more interest and not boring. It means audio visual attracts in the

second grade of junior high school students attention in improving their

listening comprehension skill in English languagestudent Sunan Gunung Jati,

Ngunut, Tulungagung

The second, by analyzing students score in preliminary study, the

researcher found that the student scores were low. There were only, 4 students

among 40 students that could passed the test in preliminary study.

From the first cycle, the researcher found out that the students listening

comprehension was increasing. There were, 12 students who passed the

listening test while the other, 28 students were unsuccessful. The treatment is

likely appropriate as the learning process in cycle 1 could improve the

students ability from 4 students to 12 students. Consequently the next cycle is

employed to meet the criteria of success 75. And criteria of success class was

85% among all member. Then, from the cycle 2, there was a significant

development in the students listening comprehension. In the second cycle,

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there were 34 students who passed the test and 6 failed. So cycle 2 was

successful. Based on explanation the result above, show that Audiovisual

have positive influence for improve students ability in listening

comprehension in post-test. It can help the students improve their ability in

listening comprehension. Then, teaching listening by using Audiovisual

media attracts the students attention in improving their listening

comprehension.

B. Suggestions
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The writer also gives the suggestion as follows:

A. For the teacher

1. The English teacher should be apply the audio visual in

teaching listening as the main medium to improve the

students listening comprehension

2. The English teacher should be chosen the interesting

topic and giving much time for the students to practice

it over and over

3. The teacher should pay attention to all of the students

equally. Some students who sit in the back are not

given enough attention as much as others who sit in

front of the class. So, they do not join the class activity

enthusiastically.
4. The teacher should consider that listening ability is skill

and it has to usual to do. If the students are often

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invited to listen in English, they will usual to use English

in listening.
5. The teacher is suggested to create a creative method

and technique to improve the students listening ability.

The students should be involved more active, because

they are learning and the teacher just giving

motivations.

B. For the students

1. The students should practice using English everyday and

everywhere as well as possible.

2. The students should be more active in producing English

in all skill especially in listening skill.

C. For The Future Researcher

The researcher is suggested to conduct another similar research in

other language skills or other language fields to know how far guessing

strategy can use in teaching learning process in order to improve the

students listening skill.