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, ~
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Vocabulary
~/~/~
~
Vocabulary
Some of these words are too difficult for you at this level. However, I am
introducing them to you in this lesson so you can understand a specific
grammatical concept. These words are separate from the other words in
the Vocabulary List below.
Click on the English word to see information and examples of that word in
use (you probably wont be able to understand the grammar within the
sentences at this point, but it is good to see as you progress through your
learning).
A PDF file neatly presenting these words and extra information can be
found here.
Play = economy/economics
Play = economical
Play = history
Play = historical
Play = science
Play = scientific
Play = impulse/shock
Play = impulsive
Play = culture
Play = cultural
Play () = democracy
Play = democratic
Play = individual/personal
Play = individual
Play = nature
Play = natural
Play () = disappointment(disappointed)
Play = to be disappointing
Play () = love/(to love)
Play = to be lovely
Play () = satisfaction/(to be satisfied)
Play = to be satisfactory
Nouns:
Play = relationship
Play = stress
Play = pencil
Play = color
Play = he, him
Play = she, her
Play = result
Play = a dream
Play = world
Play = world
Play = conversation
Play = text message
Play = chest
Play = title of something (book, etc)
Verbs:
Conjugate Play = to untie, to unfasten, to loosen
Conjugate Play = to dream
Conjugate Play = to be born
Conjugate Play = to go somewhere frequently
Conjugate Play = to believe, to trust
Adjectives:
Conjugate Play = to be close to, to be near
Conjugate Play = to be difficult to do something
Conjugate Play = to be pure
Adverbs and Other Words:
Play = a little
Play = close/near by
Play = later
Play = recently
Play = but/however
For help memorizing these words, try using our Memrise tool.
~//
~ is a common suffix that can be added after some nouns of Chinese
origin ( () is of Chinese origin). At first, there is no way to anticipate or
expect which nouns this can be added to. As you progress through your
Korean studies, you can sort of start anticipating this, but still, the only real
way of knowing if ~ can be added to a particular noun is if you have
specifically learned that it can. The goal of this lesson isnt to teach you all
of the words that ~ can be attached to (that would take forever). Rather,
the goal of this lesson is to show you how you can recognize and use these
words when you come across them.
= culture
= relating to, or having the properties of culture
= economy
= relating to, or having the properties of economy
= history
= relating to, or having the properties of history
However, the translations above are nonsense and a more accurate way to
translate words with ~ is to add -al to the English word. For example:
= culture
= cultural
= economy
= economical
= history
= historical
Adding -al doesnt always work with the English word, though. For
example:
= science
= relating to, or having the properties of science
= scientific
= impulse/shock
= relating to, or having the properties of impulse
= impulsive
The main point of this lesson is to teach you how you can understand the
meaning of a word ending in ~ even if you have never seen it before. This
still happens to me fairly regularly I will read something, and come across
a word I have never seen before ending in ~ .
For example, if you knew that the word meant democracy What do
you think would mean? A descriptive word that has the properties
of democracy that would be democratic.
= democracy
= democratic
Adding
Adding to the end of ~ changes the word into an adverb. These
adverbs usually have the ending ly in English. Below are the most
common examples of using ~ with example sentences for each:
= culture
= cultural
= culturally
= economy
= economical
= economically
= history
= historical
= historically
Play = Historically, Korea and
the US have had a good relationship
= science
= scientific
= scientifically
= impulse/shock
= impulsive
= impulsively
= democracy
= democratic
= democratically
Adding
Adding to the end of ~ turns the word into an adjective that can
predicate a sentence or describe an upcoming noun. The translation of
these adjectives are usually are the same (in English) as without adding
. For example:
= culture
= cultural
= cultural
= economics
= economical
= economical
= history
= historical
= historical
= science
= scientific
= scientific
= democracy
= democratic
= democratic
= economical
= economical
This is usually the only time that ~ (with nothing following it) is used in
Korean. That is, when it is actually a noun, but acting as a descriptive word
within a sentence. Because it is usually used as this type of descriptive
word, you dont really need to worry much about the difference between ~
and ~. Just be aware that ~ is more commonly used,
and how they are used within a sentence. That is, when using ~ ,
should be conjugated, and when using ~ nothing needs to be
conjugated because it is a noun. For example:
Play = The US is a democratic nation
Play = There is not a democratic
government in North Korea
At this point, I dont want you to spend too much time dwelling over when
you need to use ~ vs. . The purpose of this lesson was to
introduce you to what ~(/) can do to a word and how it can be
used. Ive created four more examples of ~ vs. ~ that I would like
to show you, but please dont worry about these too much. If anything, just
try to understand the use of ~() in these sentences:
Okay, enough of that for now. Lets talk about something else.
~
~ can also be added to some nouns to change them into an
adjective, much like the function of ~(). When doing this, ~
changes the noun into an adjective that has the properties of that noun.
The two easiest examples to explain this change are:
= love
= with the properties of love
= nature
= with the properties of nature
For example:
= lovely
= natural
= disappointment
= to be disappointed
= with the properties of disappointment (disappointing)
Play
In this case, what do you think this would mean?
Its not.
If you heard the sentence in Korean, it would most likely
be from a person describing that something is disappointing, but they have
omitted it from the sentence. For example, using the adjective
you can use the Subject Object Adjective form in the following way:
Play = I am disappointed in my friend
(My friend is disappointing, and therefore I am disappointed)
Play = I was disappointed in the students
(My students were disappointing, and therefore I was disappointed)
Play = I was disappointed in the movie
(The movie was disappointing, and therefore I was disappointed)
If you just walked into a room and said:
Wow thats a lot of stuff to wrap your head around. Lets break it down
one more time:
= satisfaction
= to be satisfied
= with the properties of satisfaction (satisfactory)
Play = I am satisfied
Play = He is satisfied
Again, just like with , is not describing ones
emotions. Rather, it is an adjective that is describing something that has the
properties of satisfaction. This usually translates to satisfactory. For
example:
Play = The results were satisfactory
can be used in the Subject Object Adjective form to indicate
that one is satisfied in something. For example:
Here as well, is a verb that can act on a noun, so its usage is very
simple:
Play = I showed off/boasted my
Korean skills
is usually used in the Subject Object Adjective form to
indicate who somebody is proud of. For example:
How about testing your knowledge on what you learned in the past 8
lessons with our Lessons 9 16 Mini-Test.
No test today?
Then let me browse through the next set of lessons (Lessons 17 25)
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