CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

LECTURER : HJ. LENNY MARZULINA, S. PD., M. PD.

SUBJECT : ENGLISH
GROUP MEMBER : KINTAN BAGJA UTARI (01021381520073)

R. A. ADELIA SAFITRI (01021381520093)

FICA AULIA (01021381520095)
FITRAH MINANGSARI (01021381520135)
LANA NURLAILAH (01021381520142)
ERIN OKTRIANIZA (01021381520169)

FACULTY OF ECONOMIC

SRIWIJAYA UNIVERSITY

2015
 Conditional Sentences

Conditional Sentence is a complex sentence expressing a result which is expected

from a condition. The condition is stated in a clause which generally begins with the word
if, and the result is expressed in the main clause. The result expected can be real or unreal.
There are four types of Conditional Sentences:

1. Zero Conditional Sentence

2. First Conditional Sentence

3. Second Conditional Sentence

4. Third Conditional Sentence

These sentences are divided in two clauses:

the conditional part where you usually use if (conditional clause)

the other part where you can use words such as can, will, may, might, could, would, and so on
(main clause)

In every conditional sentence, when the conditional clause precedes the main clause,
it is often separated from the main clause by a comma (,). But if the position is reversed
(where the main clause comes first), we dont have to use comma (,) between two clauses.

1. Zero Conditional Sentences

Zero conditional is a structure used for talking about general truths -- things which
always happen under certain conditions. Most zero conditional sentences will mean the same
thing if "when" is used instead of "if. The zero conditional is used to talk about things which
are always true -- scientific facts, general truths, and so on. Zero conditional can also be used
to express an instruction.
 A. Zero Conditional: Forms and Examples

Conditional Clause Main Clause

If/When + Present Simple, Present Simple

If/When you heat water to 100 Celsius, it boils.

Main Clause Conditional Clause

Present simple if/when + Present Simple

Tell Erin to call me if/when you meet her.

2. First Conditional Sentences

First Conditional, also known as future conditional, is a structure used for talking
about possibilities in the present or in the future. The first conditional is used to talk about
things which are possible in the present or the future -- things which may happen.

A. First Conditional Form and Example

Conditional Clause Main clause

If + Present Simple Future Simple (can, will, may,

might, could and would)

If you study hard, you will pass the test.

B. Main Clause Forms for Conditional Type 1

 Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I will go I won't go Will I go?

You will go You won't go Will you go?

He will go He won't go Will he go?

She will go She won't go Will she go?

We will go We won't go Will we go?

They will go They won't go Will they go?

It will go It wont go Will it go?

3. Second Conditional Sentences

Second Conditional, also known as present conditional, is a structure used for talking
about unreal situations in the present or in the future. The second conditional is used to talk
about things which are unreal (not true or not possible) in the present or the future -- things
which don't or won't happen.

A. Second Conditional Form and Example

Conditional Clause Main clause

If + Past Simple present conditional or present continuous

conditional (would, could, might)

If I had a million dollar, I would buy a big house.

Fact: I dont have a million dollar, thus I will not buy a big house.

B. Main Clause Forms for Conditional Type 2

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

 I would go I wouldn't go Would I go?

You would go You wouldn't go Would you go?

He would go He wouldn't go Would he go?

She would go She wouldn't go Would she go?

We would go We wouldn't go Would we go?

They would go They wouldn't go Would they go?

It would go It wouldnt go Would it go?

4. Third Conditional Sentence

Third Conditional, also known as past conditional, is a structure used for talking about
unreal situations in the past. The third conditional is used to talk about things which did not
happen in the past. If your native language does not have a similar construction, you may find
this a little strange, but it can be very useful. It is often used to express criticism or regret.

A. Third Conditional Form and Example

Conditional Clause Main clause

If + Past Perfect Would, could, might have + Past Participle

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

Fact: I didnt study harder, thus I didnt pass the exam.

B. Main Clause Forms for Conditional Type 3

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I would have gone I wouldn't have gone Would I have gone?

You would have gone You wouldn't have gone Would you have gone?

He would have gone He wouldn't have gone Would he have gone?

She would have gone She wouldn't have gone Would she have gone?

We would have gone We wouldn't have gone Would we have gone?

They would have gone They wouldn't have gone Would they have gone?

It would have gone It wouldnt have gone Would it have gone?

5. Conditional Sentence without 'if'

NO. WERE, HAD, OBJECT,

SHOULD, ADVERB,
SUBJECT VERB/ MAIN CLAUSE
COULD, ETC. ETC.
ADJ.

1. Should you study hard, you will be successful.

Should he call tonight, will you answer him?

Shouldnt she hurry, she will miss the train.

2. Were he a doctor, he could help you.

Were you me, would you go there?

Werent I afraid spider, I would kill it by now.

of

3. Had she done her she wouldve been

assignment able to get enough
last week, sleep last night.

Had they saved enough wouldnt they have

money, gone to Bali?
 Hadnt you smoked at school your teacher wouldnt
yesterday, have been angry with
you.

Source:

http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/conditional/

http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/type-1-conditional/

http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/type-2-conditional/

http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/type-3-conditional/

http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/zero-conditional/

https://sman1slawienglish.wordpress.com/conditional-sentences-withwithout-if/