DEFINITION OF A STATE (IN GENERAL AND IN ISLAM)

Main Topic: Having State in Islam (Bernegara dalam Islam)

Afrah Alatas (1406641792), Group 6

Definition of State in General

In general, a state can be defined as the highest organization level in a
group of societies that have a goal to unite and live in a certain region and
having a sovereign government. A country is defined as an area or region
in earth, where its rule (either in politic, military, economy, social and
culture) are controlled by a government in that area.
The requirements of a country or a state is broken down into two, which
are primary and secondary.
Primary requirement
1. Have citizens
In a country, citizens are the people who live in the territory of a
country and obey the rules of the country. According to this, the
existence of people is an essential element for the formation of a
country. The people itself are classified as residents and non-
residents, as well as citizens and non-nations.
2. Have a region or territory
This element is very crucial to support the formation of a country.
Without territory, it is impossible for a country to formed. This area
will be occupied by the people and the administration. The territory
of a country is a unity of space which includes land, sea, air, and
extraterritorial territory.
3. Have a sovereign government
A legitimate government means a government recognized by the
people to run the wheels of government. Meanwhile, a sovereign
government means having full power to regulate the course of the
State.
Secondary requirement
1. Gained recognition from other countries/states
A country is the organizing of the society which have the people
living in a territory, with a number of people who accept the
existence of this organization. Another requirement of state
existence is the existence of a certain territory where the country is
located. Another thing is what is called sovereignty, namely that the
state is recognized by its citizens as the ultimate powerholder over
them in the territory in which it is situated. The state is the
organizing of the people who have the people in a territory, with a
number of people who accept the existence of this organization.
Another requirement of state existence is the existence of a certain
territory where the country is located. Another thing is what is called
sovereignty, namely that the state is recognized by its citizens as
 the ultimate powerholder over them in the territory in which it is
situated.

Definition of State in Islam

In Islam terminology, state or country is termed dawlah, which its
meaning refers to the al-Quran which uses term al-balad and its
derivation. The word al-balad lexically means living in a place, city or
region, and country. The word al-balad which means city is found in QS. Al-
Balad (90), verse 1-2. Whilst, the derivation of the word al-balad, meaning
the country is found in the QS. Al-Fajr (89) verse 11.
In Islam, the elements of a country are mentioned as follows:
1. There should be a shared religion. Religion is required as the control
of lust and supervisors attached to the heart of man, because it is
the joints as well as the strongest element for the welfare and
tranquility of the country.
2. A country or state should have an authoritative leader.
3. A state should have a comprehensive justice.
4. A uniform security should be formed.
5. Soil fertility should be happened in a state.
6. There should be a continuous generation of human in a state.
References
konsep islam dalam bernegara. (2017). Hifdzanidan.blogspot.co.id. Retrieved 20
April 2017, from http://hifdzanidan.blogspot.co.id/2012/02/konsep-islam-dalam-
bernegara.html?m=1
Pengertian Negara dan Syarat - Syarat Berdirinya Suatu Negara, The Elements of
a Country. (2017). Berbagaireviews.com. Retrieved 20 April 2017, from
http://www.berbagaireviews.com/2016/09/pengertian-negara-dan-syarat-
syarat.html