Dynamic Behavior

O S C I L L AT I O N M O D E S O F P I E Z O C E R A M I C E L E M E N T S

The electromechanical behavior of a piezo-

electric element excited to oscillations
C1
can
(Z)
be represented by an electrical equivalent fm fn
3 circuit diagram (s. Fig. 6). C0 is the capaci- L
C1 3 OD
tance L
C0 of the dielectric. The2 fseries
m
TH1 circuit,
fn con-
U P OD >> TH
6 sisting of C1, L1, and R11, 3describes theOD change

Impedance Z
P 3 OD 2 TH U P OD >> TH
C0 5 2 TH L1 in
U the
P ODmechanical
>> TH properties,
1
such as elastic
1 2(Y) deformation, effective massR1 (inertia) and
Impendanz Z

4
(X)
1 3 OD mechanical losses 3 resulting ODfrom internal
2 TH U P OD >> TH 2 TH U P OD >> TH
1 R1 friction. This description of the oscillatory
1 Frequency f 0
circuit can only be used for frequencies in
the vicinity of the mechanical intrinsic Fig. 7. Typical impedance curve
Frequenz f
resonance.
Most piezoelectric material parameters are
Fig. 6. Equivalent circuit diagram OD
3
of a piezoelectric resonator
2 TH
OD determined by means3 of 2 impedance
TH mea-
U P OD >> TH
U P OD >> TH
1 surements on special1 test bodies
L according OD
D
3 U
to Norm EN 50324-2 at resonance.
2 L P L >> W >> TH TH P
L TH U
1 3
3 U 2 P L >> W >> TH
2 P L >> W >> TH W

+ + + +
TH
TH


3 1 OD
31

OD 2 TH +
W+ +U +
P OD >> TH

+
2 TH W
L U P OD >> TH
+
L
Shape 1 Oscillations +

+ + + +

+
1
+
3
+ +
U
3 U
+

+ + + +
2 P L >> W >> TH 2 P L >> W >> TH
+

TH + + + +
TH

+
1
+

+
1 Type Mechanical Series resonance
+

+
+ + + + + + + +
+

W W frequencyU
+ + + +

deformation
+

+ + + +
+

(1) (2) 3 (3) OD

+
2 TH U P OD >> TH
+

+ + + + + + + +

+
1 U NP
TH
radial s =
(1) (2) (3) OD
3 LOD 3 3 THL OD
Thin disk 32 TH
TH U UP OD >> TH 3 2 2 L
TH UU P OD >>WTH
L >> >> TH
2 P L >> W >> TH P C/m2 2 3 P L >> W >> TH
1 1 1 TH Nt
3 TH 1 thickness
2 L U P L >> W >> TH s =
1 2 L U P L >> W >> TH TH
W 1 W W
P C/m2 1 TH TH Ps
Pr
3 W
W 3 L
2 LL U P L >> W >> TH 2 L UU P L >> W >> TH
P 3 N1
Plate Pr 3 1 U s
P L >> W >> TH
12 transverse P L >> W >> TH s =
2 TH L
TH 1
1 W
+

+ +
WW
W -Ec
+ +

++ +

+

+ +
TH ELc L TH P
TH E
UkV/cm W
-Ec

+ 3
+

+
P L >> W >> TH
32
3

+

2 TH
++
11 U P L >> W >> TH
+
Rod

2 L Ec U P L >> W >> TH L N3
longitudinalL L TH P s =
g L E kV/cm 1 3 L
W L W U L W >> TH

+ + 1 L
13 -PsU 2r 13
-P TH L
U
W
2 L P L >> W >> TH 2 L
P L >> W >> TH
3 TH W U L W >> TH
TH W L L
1 3 U L W >> TH 21 TH TH W
2 TH W WP
-Ps -Pr TH W
ng 3 L
1 3 L 1
L 2 L L U
P P L >> W >> TH
32 L P LU P LU>>LW
W>>>>
THTH L N5
Shear plate 1 3 thickness shear U L W >> TH s =
2 1 TH W 2 TH W TH
L WL
W TH
P OD P TH
3 TH
TH ID
s
2 L OD U P L >> W >> TH N1
3
11 transversal
OD P
TH Lngsschwingung TH ID L
1 ID 1 3 L >> OD >> TH
L
Tube L
231 3 L L P U U L W >> TH
1 33 1 L
THP U L W >> TH 2 LTH W U P L >> 3 TH
2TH L U WP L >> W >> TH 2 TH
3 W L >> ODW>>>>
TH
s
2
3
Lngsschwingung
1 OD L >> OD >> TH 21 ODL U Nt T
2 2 L U Dickenschwingung thickness L
L
ID ID 1(r) TH
Radialschwingung
3 PW
1 WP P 1 OD
OD
P TH TH
12 Dickenschwingung
3 L >> OD >> TH 1 3 L >> OD >> TH
L
1 2 L
L
U 21(r)
3
L L U Radialschwingung
U L W >> TH Dickenschwingung
3 L
U L W >> TH 2 TH W
2 TH W
L TH
1 L TH Dickenschwingung
OD P OD
3 P W W W. P I C E R A M I C . C O M
ID ID
6