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America during the Nixon Years

I. The Election of 1968


a. The Silent Majority
i. White, middle America
ii. Decent, law-abiding, god-fearing, patriotic citizens
b. George Wallace/American Independent Party
i. Represent people who reject NE media
ii. Denounces hippies and anti-war movement
iii. Foreign policy scares Americans
1. Nuclear
II. The Emerging Republican Majority
a. Southern Strategy
i. Focus on Sun Belt region
1. Population was booming
2. People moving to the industrializing South
ii. Plays to social issues
1. Against abortion, porn, busing
2. Believes in open society
a. Not addressing segregated schools
iii. Restore law and order
iv. Unify the country
v. Secret plan to end Vietnam War
III. Nixon and the Cold War
a. Mad Man Strategy
i. Manipulate Ho Chi Minh into thinking Nixon is so
obsessed hell use nuclear weapons
ii. Appear irrational and unpredictable to get
negotiations
iii. Didnt work
b. Henry Kissinger
i. Began negotiations with North Vietnam
1. Represented by Tho
2. Will not agree to ceasefire unless US wont
support South Vietnam
c. Dtente for Cold War
i. Relaxation of tensions
ii. Develop greater cooperation between West and East
iii. Improve position with Soviets and Chinese
d. Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)
i. Between US and Soviets
ii. Soviets would reduce missiles
iii. US would help Soviet economy
IV. Nixon and Vietnam
a. Nixon Doctrine (Vietnamization)
i. Start bringing home troops
ii. Arm more soldiers in South Vietnam to fight for
themselves

b. Kent State
i. Nixon announced bombings in Cambodia
1. Protests on every campus
ii. National Guard on Kent State campus
1. Shot and killed 4 unarmed students
iii. Brought moderates into anti-war movement
c. China and Soviet Union
d. Peace Treaty
i. Paris Accords
1. Immediate ceasefire
2. Receive POWs
3. Withdraw American troops
4. North Vietnam allowed to stay in South
Vietnam
V. Watergate Scandal
a. 1972 Election
i. Nixon won re-election
ii. Paranoid about losing
b. The Pentagon Papers/Daniel Ellsberg
i. Classified government documents that showed the
government and military misled Congress and public
and Vietnam
ii. Daniel Ellsberg believed Americans had right to the
truth
1. Leaks Pentagon Papers to New York Times and
Washington Post
c. Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP)
i. Committed to doing whatever is necessary to ensure
Nixon is re-elected
ii. Blackmailed enemies for money
d. John Mitchell Attorney General
i. Authorized wire tapping
ii. Intercept mail of enemies
e. The Plumbers
i. Intelligence agency hired by Nixon because he
thought there were leaks in the White House
ii. Recorded all conversations in White House
iii. Broke into Watergate complex to collect info and fix
surveillance system
1. Arrested by police with list of private White
House phone numbers and lots of money
connected to CREEP
f. Nixon authorizes a cover-up
i. Tells CIA to stop FBI investigation
1. Matter of national security
ii. Raises hush money to pay off burglars
1. Obstruction of justice
g. Woodward and Bernstein reporters at Washington Post
i. Gets information FBI agent codenamed Deepthroat
ii. Tells inside info about White House
h. Senate conducts hearing
i. John Dean testifies about White House tapes
ii. Nixon claims executive privilege
1. Supreme Court overrules him
i. House of Representative begins impeachment investigation
i. Nixon resigns
j. Gerald Ford
i. VP takes office after Nixon resignation
ii. Pardons Nixon
1. Cant have unbiased jury
2. Cant have a president in prison

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