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Issued: 15.03.2002
Version: A
Product Guide
Program revision: 8.4.4
Notice 1
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not
be construed as a commitment by ABB. ABB assumes no responsibility for any error
that may occur in this document.
Notice 2
This document complies with the program revision 8.4.4.
Notice 3
Additional information such as Release Notes and Last Minute Remarks can be
found on the program distribution media.
Trademarks
Product Guide
1 Introduction 1
2 MicroSCADA technology 2
3 SYS 500 system server 3
4 Communication systems 4
5 LIB 5xx application libraries 5
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide Contents
Contents:
1. Introduction ...............................................................................1
2. MicroSCADA technology ..........................................................3
2.1. General .........................................................................................3
2.2. MicroSCADA technology products ................................................3
2.3. MicroSCADA system description ..................................................5
2.3.1. Hierarchical and flat systems .............................................6
2.3.2. Single-user and multi-user systems ...................................6
2.3.3. Single and redundant systems ...........................................7
3. SYS 500 system server .............................................................9
3.1. General .........................................................................................9
3.2. Base system ................................................................................10
3.3. Applications .................................................................................11
3.4. Databases ...................................................................................11
3.4.1. Process database ............................................................11
3.4.2. History database ..............................................................13
3.4.3. Report database ..............................................................14
3.5. Programming with SCIL ..............................................................14
3.5.1. Objects .............................................................................15
3.5.1.1. User interface objects ........................................15
3.5.1.2. Application objects .............................................15
3.5.1.3. System objects ...................................................16
3.5.2. Attributes ..........................................................................17
3.5.3. Visual SCIL ......................................................................18
3.5.4. Visual SCIL objects ..........................................................18
3.6. Graphical user interface ..............................................................18
3.6.1. Pictures ............................................................................19
3.7. Base tools ...................................................................................20
3.7.1. System configuration tools ...............................................21
3.7.2. Application object tools ....................................................21
3.7.3. User interface tools ..........................................................22
3.7.4. Accessory tools ................................................................23
3.8. Peripheral equipment ..................................................................24
4. Communication systems ........................................................25
4.1. General .......................................................................................25
4.1.1. Upper level communication ..............................................26
4.1.2. Process communication ...................................................26
4.1.3. Network topologies ..........................................................27
4.2. COM 500 communication server .................................................28
4.3. Communication front-ends ..........................................................30
4.4. NET unit ......................................................................................32
MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
1. Introduction 1
This manual belongs to the MicroSCADA technology 8.4.4 manuals.
This manual should be read when you start working with MicroSCADA for the first
time. The content of the manual is the basis for the rest of the manuals, as it gives
introduction to MicroSCADA technology.
In revision 8.4.4 MicroSCADA manuals are divided into the following three
categories:
MicroSCADA technology manuals. These manuals provide information common
to all MicroSCADA products.
SYS 500 manuals. These manuals provide information related to SYS 500 system
server.
COM 500 manuals. These manuals provide information related to COM 500
communication server.
Chapters
The manual contains the following chapters:
Introduction gives information about the intended use of this manual.
MicroSCADA Technology contains an overview of the MicroSCADA
Technology products and system types.
SYS 500 System Server describes the SYS 500 system server, its components
and their features.
Communication Systems describes the functionality of a NET unit. COM 500
and communication front-ends are also described.
LIB 5XX Application Libraries contains an overview of the system engineering
process.
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 2. MicroSCADA technol-
ogy
2. MicroSCADA technology
The needs for better information and control of electric utility power networks are
increasing. To meet these needs, MicroSCADA Technology provides solutions that
2
lead into greater efficiency, reliability and cost effectiveness.
2.1. General
MicroSCADA is a microcomputer-based, programmable and distributed
supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Microcomputer-based
means that MicroSCADA runs on every commercially available PC-computer.
MicroSCADA is programmable because all application programs and most system
configuration programs are built with SCIL (Supervisory Control Implementation
Language). More information on SCIL is found in Section 3.5.1.
The system can be seen as a network where the control system can communicate
with the widely distributed process through a communication system.
The common platform technology, which MicroSCADA is based on, is used for
building applications and systems. SYS 500, COM 500 and LIB 510 are examples
of MicroSCADA Technology products.
MicroSCADA-based electrical application areas are power transmission and
distribution. It is also well suited for other process areas. District heating, water
purification and distribution, waste water treatment, oil and gas distribution can be
mentioned as non-electrical application areas.
The main MicroSCADA-based application systems are Substation Automation
Systems for power transmission and distribution substations. There can also be
Network Control and Distribution Management Systems for power distribution.
Therefore, this manual focuses on that area.
Product hierarchy
The MicroSCADA Technology product hierarchy is shown in Figure 2.2.-1
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MicroSCADA Technology products are divided into two product families: system
products and application libraries. System products are the core components of the
system. Different LIB packages are application libraries (described in Chapter 5).
Different product families can be used together. Some products require other
MicroSCADA products, some can be used alone (e.g. COM 500 and SYS 500).
System products
A system product, consisting of SYS 500 System Server, communication system
and operator workstation, contains the necessary hardware and software for running
applications and handling communication between the components in the system.
SYS 500 is described in Chapter 3 and communication systems are described in
Chapter 4.
Operator workstation
An operator workstation is a computer that is used for controlling and supervising
the process (it shows pictures and dialogs). It can be integrated into SYS 500 System
Server, or reside in a separate computer that is connected to a base system computer.
A laptop computer can also serve as a workstation. It is then connected to the control
system over a dial-up line. The workstation computer can also be connected to a
local area network (LAN) with a modem.
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 2. MicroSCADA technol-
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The computer that serves as an operator workstation can also be used for other
purposes than as an operator workstation. 2
An operator workstation consists of a computer, an operating system, workstation
programs, HSI (Human System Interface) and printers.The MicroSCADA HSI
consists of a display, keyboard and mouse.
Workstation programs
Workstation programs are a set of programs that are used for process supervision
and control. It enables the use of a MicroSCADA Notification Window, which
shows system messages, and MicroSCADA Monitor Starter. The MicroSCADA
Monitor Starter opens MicroSCADA monitors.
MicroSCADA monitors
A MicroSCADA monitor is used to supervise and control a MicroSCADA
application on screen. It enables interaction between the operator and the base
system computer. The monitor may be of Visual SCIL or X-monitor type.
MicroSCADA monitors are always connected to SYS 500. The pictures and dialogs
displayed on a screen of another computer are always stored in the SYS 500 System
Server. The monitor may run remotely on an operator workstation and office
computer via LAN, or remotely on a portable workstation via a dial-up modem or a
GSM mobile phone connection.
Basic functionalities of SYS 500 System Server, e.g. process communication and
reporting, do not require that MicroSCADA monitors are open. The application runs
without them.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
LAN
Substation
Automation SYS 500
System System servers COM 530 COM 500
hot stand-by
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Product Guide 2. MicroSCADA technol-
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2.3.3. Integrated and distributed systems
Both the integrated and the distributed systems contain SYS 500 with all its
components. The system components (a communication system and a workstation)
can be optionally integrated to it in an integrated system. The distributed system
2
contains, in addition to SYS 500, a communication frontend or an operator
workstation.
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
server
3. SYS 500 system server
About this chapter
This chapter gives an introduction to the SYS 500 system server and its components.
3.1. General
3
The SYS 500 system server is a PC based programmable automation system. The
computer where SYS 500 runs is called the SYS 500 computer. This computer may
be called the main computer. You may use SYS 500 with or without a HSI, which
in this case could be a monitor (see Figure 3.1.-1).
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Task
The SYS 500 system server runs the operating system Windows NT and
MicroSCADA software. SYS 500 contains the necessary hardware and software
needed for communication between the different units. The computer that functions
as the SYS 500 system server can be considered as the main computer. The system
server contains data acquisition, supervising and controlling functions.
Features
Operational features of the system server:
Control and supervision of the process (based on pictures, dialogs, windows and
function keys, and event driven or cyclical application programs).
Alarm and event handling.
Flexible reporting system based on advanced calculations.
Access to all process and system data according to the user rights.
Support for multiple applications.
Possibility to on-line documentation and data entry.
Multi-user support.
Printouts.
Data exchange through common interfaces.
Components
The software in the SYS 500 system server is:
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
SYS 500
System Server
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
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3.3. Applications
The customer needs and operational functions in the process define together what
the application will be like. This means that the application software specifies the
user interface and the SYS 500 system server functionality.
The application software consists of:
pictures and dialogs
process-, history- and report databases
control programs
configuration files etc.
Application engineering means adjusting MicroSCADA so that it suits a specific
application. Application engineering can be performed by using a standard
application library, LIB 500, or programming SCIL.
The application functions are all placed on an application software layer. This layer
can be changed without affecting the base system, which executes the application.
Several applications can be run at the same time, because each application has an
own process to supervise and control. The application may either have own
connections to process units or share the connections with other applications.
Different applications may communicate with each other.
3.4. Databases
Each application contains a process database, a history database and a report
database. The process database is used for process supervision, the report database
for data storage, calculations, automatic activation and so on. The history database
is used as a base for the event list. These three databases are described in detail in
the following sections.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
scales and free type objects. Process communication from and to the base system
passes through the process objects. The information flow is shown in Figure 3.4.1.-
1.
History Report
DB Process DB
DB
Communication system
Process units
Process
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Event
An event is an indication that something has happened in the system. Typical events
are changes of object values, alarms or warnings, or alarm definitions. Events can
cause printouts, automatic control operations, event lists and report database
registrations.
The event list displays events that have occured in the system. It also informs about
activities by other users, operations of objects, acknowledging alarms, editing of
limit values and so on. With LIB 500 you can define own filters with the event list
tool, depending on what kind of information you want in the event list. One or
several criteria may be used to filter out unwanted information from the event list.
Alarm
Alarms are generated when something special has occured in the process. (An alarm
is prioritised in the event list.) Alarms can cause audio-visual alarms, changes in the
station picture, alarm pictures, alarm printouts and alarm lists. Information about
alarming objects is stored in the alarm buffer. The information remains in the buffer
until the reason for the alarm disappears or until the alarm is acknowledged.
The alarm list shows all the alarms that appear in the system alarm buffer. The alarm
list is divided into two different lists: one with persisting (active) alarms and one
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
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with fleeting (inactive) alarms. An alarm is usually presented with a text that
explains the reason of the alarm. The information flow is shown in Figure 3.4.1.-2.
Alarms and events can be generated in three different ways:
Process events can generate alarms. The state of the process is evaluated in the
base system, according to the limits that have been set. For example, if a
measured value exceeds the predefined limits, an alarm will occur. 3
The system itself can generate internal alarms from diagnostic programs, which
supervise the MicroSCADA system components. An alarm will occur, if there are
system communication errors, e.g. if a printer error occurs.
System alarms are generated by an external module. This module can be
considered as a system watch dog. System alarms of this type cannot be included
in the alarm list.
Other devices in the MicroSCADA system can also generate alarms.
Evaluation
Alarm
if the event is critical
Alarm list
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
server
commands (e.g. !SHOW.., #SET.., #ON.. etc.)
objects (e.g. process objects)
expressions (e.g. TIMES, SECOND, CLOCK)
variables (e.g. @variable, %variable)
names (e.g. picture- and dialog names)
There are three types of SCIL commands. Picture commands always begin with !,
3
full graphic and motif commands begin with . and manoeuvre commands begin
with #.
When you have written a new SCIL program you can check the syntax directly in
the editor, instead of testing your program in the tool menu and recognising a syntax
error there. Syntax errors are identified by specific error codes and their explanations
can be found in the Status Codes manual (1MRS751850-MEN). An example of a
SCIL program is shown below:
;show the trend basket dialog
!WIN_NAME FORMAT/BASKET
!WIN_BG_COLOR FORMAT/BASKET ("M",1)
!WIN_POS FORMAT/BASKET (10,15)
!WIN_PIC FORMAT/BASKET F_USE/FTU_BASKB
!SHOW FORMAT/BASKET
Predefined functions
SCIL contains a large number of powerful predefined functions for various types of
data processing. For example, the following important categories of functions are
available in SCIL:
Arithmetical functions
Time functions
Database functions
File handling functions
3.5.1. Objects
MicroSCADA has an object-oriented environment. An object is a programmable
entity that presents something. In MicroSCADA an object presents process units,
system functions or SCIL programs. Objects are defined by their attributes. The
following three objects types: user interface objects, application objects and system
objects, are described in this section.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
calculations, automatic time and event activation. Application objects are created,
accessed, modified and deleted with SCIL and application object definition tools.
Application objects include, for example, the following types:
Scales Algorithms for changing values from the process units to values that are
used in the base system. The algorithms may be one-to-one, linear or
stepwise linear. Several process objects may use the same scale.
Data objects These register and store sampled or calculated data. Every registered
value has a time stamp and a status code which describes the value
quality. Data objects are used for storing trends, energy value history,
system configuration data, optimisation, calculation, estimations of
energy values etc.
Command procedures These are SCIL programs that can be executed automatically or
manually. They can be used for all kinds of automatic operations like
calculations, control operations, report printouts, configurations etc.
They are used e.g. for automatic operations at system start-up.
Time channels Time channels are used e.g. for starting programs or data registrations
automatically. Actions are started based on time definitions (e.g. one
hour). A time channel can start several actions. If the same channel
starts several actions, they are started in priority order. A time channel is
generally activated at predefined times, either at a certain time or at
specified intervals.
Event channels Event channels are used for automatically starting data registration and
program execution or activating time channels. They are typically
activated after process events, which appear as changes in the process
object values. The event channels transmit information on process
events from the process database to report database where they
activate operations.
Event objects Event objects start automatic updating in pictures, based on events. The
event objects can be activated automatically or manually. They have no
attributes.
Variable objects Variable objects are temporary lists of attributes and attribute values,
used in SCIL programs.
Process objects Process objects are real-time images of process units, such as breakers,
disconnectors, switches, relays, detectors, sensors or controllers. They
store information related to the process.
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
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Base system objects handle the configuration of the base system. They also define
the logical connections to NET units, other base systems and applications. With the
base system objects you modify the base system configuration and the logical
connections to other devices. Every base system has its own base system objects.
Communication system objects and their attributes specify the NET configurations.
They also give the NET an image of communication lines and communication 3
devices connected to them. Communication system objects handle the process
communication.
3.5.2. Attributes
An attribute describe the properties of an object and information associated with it.
Attributes describe object values, functions, properties and activities. An object
normally has many different attributes. Each attribute can be defined with SCIL.
Different object types have different sets of attributes.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
Updating in pictures
Event channel activation
Event object activation
Data registration
Dialog boxes
Visual SCIL objects, for example, dialogs are mostly used when creating tools for
application engineering purposes. The objects are shown in dialog boxes, which first
show the main dialog or a picture container. The main dialog and all the dialogs
opened within it, or from items included in the picture, belong to the same dialog
system.
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
server
windows and function keys. Pictures are suitable for process illustrations and
controlling the process.
Dialogs made with Visual SCIL are mainly used for creating tools that are used in
the application engineering. Dialogs and other VS objects are shown to the user on
screen in dialog boxes.
3
3.6.1. Pictures
The operator uses pictures to supervise and control the process. A picture visualises
a controlled process with different symbols and colors.
Picture components
A picture is composed of picture components, e.g. the picture background, picture
windows, function keys, picture programs and picture functions. The picture
background contains graphics, which are static, unchanging parts of the picture.
Picture windows are dynamic parts of the picture that can be shown, erased and
replaced without any impact on other picture components. Windows may show
complete pictures, text or data, figures or graphs. You can place them anywhere in
the picture, even in a way that they overlap one another.
Function keys are rectangular programmed areas. When you click a function key, a
program or a data entry is executed. Programs define the behaviour of the picture.
When a standard function is installed from a library, a copy of it is added into a
picture as a picture function.
A picture function is a set of picture components, which may include all the
components mentioned above. The picture components are shown in Figure 3.6.1.-
1. A picture may contain picture windows which can contain pictures as well. It may
also contain a number of picture functions, which are also constructed as pictures.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
server
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 3. SYS 500 system
server
features of the picture windows that cannot be edited in the Window Editor. You can
also create new representations by simply copying the old ones.
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The Dialog Editor is used to create Visual SCIL dialogs. A new dialog can be added
into a file or an existing dialog can be edited. The Dialog Editor includes geometry
management facilities and enables translation of texts.
The Text Translation Tool enables translating texts in all tools and dialogs (or the
texts in LIB 5XX Application Libraries pictures) into local languages.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
Printers
Up to 20 printers can be connected to a base system, either directly or through LAN.
The printers can be of various types, e.g. transparent printers, matrix printers and
laser printers. In addition to these printers, the ones defined in the operating system
can be accessed by MicroSCADA.
Each printer has a unique printer number, which can be associated with a certain
task. For example, the task can be an alarm and event printout, hard copy, historical
reports and so on. A printer can be programmed to take over the tasks of another
printer automatically.
Printouts can be produced automatically or manually. The printout layout can be
customised. The main printout types are logs, reports, hard copies and documents.
Logs are automatic printouts based on process events. The logs can be directed to
one or several printers.
Alarm devices
The MicroSCADA alarm unit is a normal computer card with a cable connection
card. The cable connection card has two outputs. The first output is connected to a
standard MicroSCADA alarm panel, which contains alarm class specific lights and
push buttons for light and sound acknowledgement. The second output can be
connected to 8 alarm devices.
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 4. Communication sys-
tems
4. Communication systems
4.1. General
Information needs to be transmitted between the SYS 500 system server and process
units. In some cases information from the process units needs to be transmitted to
the network control centers as well. Commands sent from the network control
centers to process units need to be transmitted in the same way. The data
transmission is a task for the communication system. The process unit protocol is 4
often different from the network control center protocol. This is why a protocol
conversion is needed.
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The communication system also handles the communication between other devices
in the MicroSCADA system, for example, between two system servers or two
communication servers.
The communication can be divided into upper level communication and process
communication. See Figure 4.1.-2. Some protocols used for communication are
shown in the picture.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 4. Communication sys-
tems
4.1.3. Network topologies
Most of the communication protocols implemented in MicroSCADA are so called
master-slave protocols. The master is the primary station controlling the data
requests and sending the command. The slave is the secondary station sending data
to the master, either when requested or spontaneously, and executing commands
sent by the master.
Some protocols, for example DNP V3.00, also support so called peer-to-peer
communication, which means that slaves can communicate directly with each other. 4
The number of masters and slaves connected to one communication line is limited
by the protocol used. In practice the limitation is set by required performance and
response. The more devices are connected to one line, the more bandwidth the
communication requires.
There are several possibilities how to connect the master and the slave, or slaves.
The direct topology (point-to-point) can be a direct physical cable from point-to-
point or a two-node radio, or modem network. The serial bus topology (multi-drop)
is commonly made up of many modems with their outputs/inputs tied together, or
by using a star-coupler. Figure 4.1.3.-1 illustrates these network topologies.
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A special type of a multi-drop communication is a communication loop, which is
described in Figure 4.1.3.-2. A communication loop is a type of multi-drop
communication where the line forms a loop. This means that there is always an
alternative line leading to a node, even if a line is broken. Redundancy is achieved
without duplicating the lines.
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
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General
COM 500 is a communication server, which provides gateway services for routing
the data flow between the process and network control systems. The data transfer
usually involves protocol conversion. It also handles system co-ordination tasks,
such as dynamic assignments of the control command authorities. See Figure 4.2.-1.
COM 500 supports a variety of protocols for connecting upper level systems, like
some network control centers. It is typically connected to the network by some
telecontrol protocol, for example RP 570. Different devices such as LONWORKS1
devices, SPA devices and RTUs can be connected to it. COM 500 sends information
to one of these devices for supervising and controlling the customer process.
COM 500 is based on MicroSCADA technology, like SYS 500. It can be integrated
to SYS 500 for cost savings in compact system solutions. It also offers an interface
for communication diagnostics of the control system.
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1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 4. Communication sys-
tems
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Functional environment
Figure 4.2.-2. describes the functional environment of a COM 500 application.
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Example system
COM 500 is a communication server, which runs on the MicroSCADA base system.
It can utilise both the DCP-NET and PC-NET units. Several COM 510 and COM
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MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
530 may be connected to a COM 500 in order to increase the system performance.
An example of a COM 500 system is shown in Figure 4.2.-3.
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COM 500 sees each NCC and each local process unit as a station. (The local process
unit is a system object type.) The communication mainly passes through the process
database.
Communication from COM 500 to the Network Control Center (NCC) is based on
command procedures. The command procedures send information to the NET unit
for protocol conversion and transmission. Typically one command procedure is
needed for each type of data to be transferred. At start-up and after communication
disturbances all specified data is transferred. When the system is running, process
events generally activate the command procedures via event channels.
Commands and setpoints from the NCC to the substation are brought into the COM
500 application via process objects. The process objects activate, via event channels,
command procedures, which contain actual control commands to the process units.
Safety is increased by using select-before-execute commands and a two-step
authority check mechanism.
30
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 4. Communication sys-
tems
DCP cards. It also serves as a communicator between the base systems and NET
software.
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31
MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
Task
The task of the NET unit is to convert external protocols to an internal protocol of
MicroSCADA, which is used in the communication between the MicroSCADA
nodes (base systems) and the NET units. The external protocol is used for
communication with process units. This way devices and systems can be connected
to MicroSCADA by using several communication protocols.
In addition, NET units handle the following tasks:
Message routing between physical devices and applications in the base systems.
Diagnostic supervision of connected devices and lines.
DCP-NET unit
The DCP-NET unit is a NET unit containing DCP-NET communication software
and a DCP card. It can be either an external or an internal NET unit. The Internal
NET unit is placed in the base system computer, which means that it is in the same
computer as COM 500 or SYS 500. Two DCP cards can be placed into the base
system computer.
The external NET unit is in a communication front-end. There can be four DCP
cards in a communication front-end. The DCP card has 8 NET lines that can be
connected to process units or other devices.
PC-NET unit
PC-NET communication software is similar to the communication software of the
DCP-NET unit. It runs on the main processor of a Windows NT computer in parallel
with the MicroSCADA Kernel. The PC-NET unit can be placed in the base system
computer or in a communication front-end.
For communication with the LonTalk2 protocol the PC-NET unit uses a PCLTA
card. (PC LonTalk Adapter). For communication it also uses COM ports. The COM
32
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 4. Communication sys-
tems
ports of the base system may be used, but they are often needed for other
communication purposes. An additional multi-port serial card may be used.
Protocols
Every-day transmission involves, besides the communication hardware, also logical
agreements, i.e. protocols. Protocols are a set of "traffic rules" and conventions for
sending information in the network. They govern the content, format, timing,
sequencing and error control of messages.
Transmitted data is coded according to the protocol rules. Protocols are very
important when it comes to the communication in a system.
SPA, RP 570 and LonTalk are examples of master protocols that can be used for
process communication in a MicroSCADA system. Communication between the
base system and communication front-ends is based on the internal protocol of
MicroSCADA. Slave protocols are used for communication between the NET units
and network control centers.
Supporting software
Supporting software is needed for running communication software. It can be either
a MFL or a base system. The base system is used as the supporting software when
PC-NET is used in a COM 530 communication front-end. (MFL is described in
Section 4.3.)
33
MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
4.5.2. Networks
LAN, LONWORKS network and serial lines can be used for communication in a
MicroSCADA system.
LAN
LAN (Local Area Network) is a network used in a geographically small area, for
example, inside a company. In a MicroSCADA system, LAN is usually used for
communication between the base system, front-ends and workstations, and for upper
level communication. It has a large capacity for data transmission. Usually TCP/IP
(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is used for data transmission in
LAN networks. TCP/IP provides communication across the connected networks of
computers, with several protocols.
LONWORKS network
LONWORKS network is a network where LonTalk is used for communication in
distributed networks. With the LONWORKS communication technology it is possible
to build a protection and control system including more than one network control
center, NCC. The NCCs receive status values, measurements and time-tagged
events from process units. LONWORKS network is built around a star-coupler, which
connects other devices into a star form.
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34
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 4. Communication sys-
tems
Serial lines
Serial transmission of data can be used for upper level and process communication.
Usually it is used when communication cannot be realized in a LAN network. The
serial transmission passes through the COM ports of the computer.
Connection cards
Connection cards are used to handle communication between base system and
external nodes. They are communication hardware that can be placed in the base
system computer. For example PCLTA card or Multiport serial card are connection
cards. PC-NET software uses PCLTA card (PC LonTalk Adapter) or Multiport
Serial card to communicate.
PCLTA card is an ISA bus card. Two NET lines can be connected to it and to the
LONWORKS network. Multiport serial card is a connection card inside the computer.
Its purpose is to extend the amount of COM ports that can be used for
communication.The COM ports of the computer can be used for other tasks.
Supporting hardware
Supporting hardware is communication hardware outside the NET unit. It can be
e.g. a modem, a network card, a fallback switch or a time synchronisation device.
A modem is a device that converts the computers digital signals to analog signals
before transmission. Thus, one data transmission needs two modems, one at each
end of the line.
Network cards are used for connecting a computer to a network, for example to a
LAN network. For redundant LAN, a special type of network card is needed.
A fallback switch is a card that is used to switch a serial line to another one (e.g. with
redundant front-ends). This means that it changes, for example, the secondary DCP-
NET unit to a primary DCP-NET unit.
Time synchronisation means that the time in the internal clocks of the MicroSCADA
system are synchronised. The time can also be changed so that it is the same as an
external time source. An external time source can be for example:
GPS (Global Positioning System), which is normally used for satellite based
navigation
Radio clock
Device in upper level system, e.g. a network control system
Clocks in a base system and in a communication front-end are often synchronised.
35
MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
)LJ $QH[DPSOHRIHTXLSPHQWXVHGIRUSURFHVVDXWRPDWLRQ7KHVHFRQGDU\
HTXLSPHQWLVXVHGWRHQDEOHWKHDXWRPDWLRQ$OOWKHGHYLFHVZLWKZKLFK
WKH0LFUR6&$'$EDVHV\VWHPFRPPXQLFDWHVGLUHFWO\DUHFDOOHG
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36
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide 5. LIB 5xx application
libraries
5. LIB 5xx application libraries
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VWDWLRQSLFWXUHVDQGGDWDEDVHV
37
MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
38
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide Index
Index
Page
$
Accessory Tools ............................................................................................................. 23
Alarm ............................................................................................................................. 12
'HYLFHV ....................................................................................................................... 24
3DQHO .......................................................................................................................... 24
8QLW ............................................................................................................................. 24
Application
$UHDV ............................................................................................................................ 3
(QJLQHHULQJ ..........................................................................................................11, 37
/LEUDULHV .......................................................................................................... 4, 37, 38
2EMHFWV ....................................................................................................................... 15
6RIWZDUH ...................................................................................................................... 11
7RROV ........................................................................................................................... 21
Attributes ....................................................................................................................... 17
%
Background ................................................................................................................... 19
Base System .................................................................................................................. 10
Base Tools ..................................................................................................................... 20
&
COM 500 ....................................................................................................................... 28
COM 510 ....................................................................................................................... 31
COM 530 ....................................................................................................................... 31
COM Ports ..................................................................................................................... 32
Common platform technology ......................................................................................... 3
Communication
)URQWHQG ................................................................................................................6, 30
+DUGZDUH .............................................................................................................32, 35
/RRS ........................................................................................................................... 27
3URJUDPPLQJ,QWHUIDFH .............................................................................................. 33
6HUYHU ......................................................................................................................... 28
6RIWZDUH ...................................................................................................................... 33
Configurable Attributes ................................................................................................. 17
Connection Cards .......................................................................................................... 35
Container Group Objects ............................................................................................... 18
CPI ................................................................................................................................. 33
'
Data Transmission ......................................................................................................... 25
Database ........................................................................................................................ 11
DCP-NET Unit .............................................................................................................. 32
DCP-NET unit .................................................................................................. 29, 30, 32
Device Software ............................................................................................................ 33
Diagnostic programs ...................................................................................................... 13
Dialog
(GLWRU ......................................................................................................................... 18
,WHPV ........................................................................................................................... 18
Direct topology .............................................................................................................. 27
Distributed System .......................................................................................................... 7
Dynamic Attributes ....................................................................................................... 17
MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
(
Event ............................................................................................................................. 12
External Time Source .................................................................................................... 35
)
Fallback Switch ............................................................................................................. 35
Flat system ...................................................................................................................... 6
Full graphic command .................................................................................................. 15
Function Keys ............................................................................................................... 19
*
Gateway ........................................................................................................................ 28
GPS ............................................................................................................................... 35
Graphical User Interface ............................................................................................... 18
+
Hierarchical system ......................................................................................................... 6
History Database ..................................................................................................... 11, 13
HSI (Human System Interface) .............................................................................5, 9, 10
,
Information Flow .......................................................................................................... 12
Integrated system ............................................................................................................ 7
Internal NET unit .......................................................................................................... 32
/
LAN ........................................................................................................................ 30, 34
Laptop computer ............................................................................................................. 4
LIB 500 Base ................................................................................................................ 38
LIB 510 ......................................................................................................................... 38
LIB 520 ......................................................................................................................... 38
LIB 530 ......................................................................................................................... 38
LIB 580 ......................................................................................................................... 38
LIB 5XX ....................................................................................................................... 38
Local Area Network (LAN) ...................................................................................... 4, 34
LONWORKS Network ................................................................................................. 34
0
Main computer ................................................................................................................ 9
Methods ......................................................................................................................... 18
MFL .............................................................................................................................. 30
Microcomputer-based ..................................................................................................... 3
MicroSCADA
$ODUP3DQHO ............................................................................................................... 24
$ODUP8QLW ................................................................................................................. 24
'DWDEDVH .................................................................................................................... 11
0RQLWRU ........................................................................................................................ 5
0RQLWRU6WDUWHU ............................................................................................................ 5
3URGXFWV ....................................................................................................................... 4
6\VWHP .......................................................................................................................... 5
7HFKQRORJ\ ................................................................................................................... 3
7HFKQRORJ\3URGXFWV .................................................................................................... 3
Modem .......................................................................................................................... 35
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide Index
1
NCC ............................................................................................................................... 26
NET
6RIWZDUH ...................................................................................................................... 32
8QLW ............................................................................................................................. 32
8QLW7\SHV .................................................................................................................. 32
Network
&DUGV .......................................................................................................................... 35
7RSRORJLHV .................................................................................................................. 27
Networks ....................................................................................................................... 34
2
Object ............................................................................................................................ 15
Object Navigator ........................................................................................................... 21
Operating System .......................................................................................................... 33
Operator Workstation ...................................................................................................... 4
Optic fibres .................................................................................................................... 26
3
PCLTA card .............................................................................................................32, 35
PC-NET unit ..................................................................................................... 29, 30, 32
Peer-to-peer communication ......................................................................................... 27
Picture
%DFNJURXQG ................................................................................................................ 19
&RPPDQG ................................................................................................................... 15
&RPSRQHQWV ................................................................................................................ 19
(GLWRU ......................................................................................................................... 22
)XQFWLRQ ..................................................................................................................... 19
:LQGRZV ..................................................................................................................... 19
Pictures .......................................................................................................................... 18
Point-to-point network topology ................................................................................... 27
Predefined Functions ..................................................................................................... 15
Primary Devices ............................................................................................................ 36
Printers ........................................................................................................................... 24
Process
$UHDV ............................................................................................................................ 3
&RPPXQLFDWLRQ .......................................................................................................... 25
'DWDEDVH ..............................................................................................................10, 11
2EMHFWV ....................................................................................................................... 30
8QLWV ........................................................................................................................... 36
Product
)DPLOLHV ........................................................................................................................ 4
+LHUDUFK\ ..................................................................................................................... 3
Program Editor .............................................................................................................. 23
Protocol ......................................................................................................................... 33
&RQYHUVLRQ ...........................................................................................................25, 32
+DUGZDUH ................................................................................................................... 35
MicroSCADA Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology 1MRS751852-MUM
5
Redundant system ........................................................................................................... 7
Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) ................................................................................. 26, 28
Report
'DWD ........................................................................................................................... 14
'DWDEDVH .............................................................................................................. 11, 14
6
SCIL .......................................................................................................................... 3, 14
SCIL Program Editor .................................................................................................... 23
SCS ................................................................................................................................ 26
Secondary Devices ........................................................................................................ 36
Serial
%XVWRSRORJ\ .............................................................................................................. 27
/LQHV ........................................................................................................................... 35
7UDQVPLVVLRQ .............................................................................................................. 35
Single System .................................................................................................................. 7
Single-user system .......................................................................................................... 6
Standard Functions ........................................................................................................ 38
Standardised application functions ............................................................................... 38
Station ........................................................................................................................... 30
Supporting
+DUGZDUH ................................................................................................................... 35
6RIWZDUH ............................................................................................................... 30, 33
Syntax error ................................................................................................................... 15
SYS 500 Components ................................................................................................... 10
SYS 500 Computer ......................................................................................................... 9
SYS 500 System Server .................................................................................................. 9
System
2EMHFW ......................................................................................................................... 16
3URGXFWV ....................................................................................................................... 4
6HUYHU ........................................................................................................................... 9
7RROV ........................................................................................................................... 21
7
TCP/IP ........................................................................................................................... 34
TCP/IP network ............................................................................................................. 33
Telecontrol Protocol ...................................................................................................... 28
Test Dialog .................................................................................................................... 23
Text Translation Tool .................................................................................................... 23
Time Synchronisation ................................................................................................... 35
Tool Manager ................................................................................................................ 20
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol ......................................................... 34
Two-node network ........................................................................................................ 27
8
Upper Level Communication ........................................................................................ 25
User
,QWHUIDFH2EMHFW ......................................................................................................... 15
,QWHUIDFH7RROV ........................................................................................................... 22
9
Visual SCIL ................................................................................................................... 18
Visual SCIL Objects ................................................................................................ 15, 18
1MRS751852-MUM Introduction to MicroSCADA Technology MicroSCADA
Product Guide Index
:
Workstation ...................................................................................................................... 4
Workstation Programs ..................................................................................................... 5
;
X-monitor type ................................................................................................................ 5