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EAT 252/4
Fluid Mechanics Engineering
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Evaluation Contribution
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EAT 252/4
Fluid Mechanics Engineering
Chapter 6: Pipe Flow System
Zulkarnain bin Hassan, PhD.
PPKAS, UniMAP
zulkarnainh@unimap.edu.my
Syllabus
Minor losses
Serial and parallel pipeline system
Branching pipelines
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Minor Loss
Minor Loss:
Introduction
Developed the general energy equation, which
extended Bernoullis equation to account
for energy losses and
additions that typically occur in real flow
systems.
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Minor Loss:
Resistant Coefficient
Minor Loss:
Resistant Coefficient
Value of
K Device/
Instrument
Enlargement
Valve
Gradual
Sudden Entrance Loss
Exit Loss
Gradual
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Graph
Table
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Fig 10.5
shows the
resistance
coefficient-
gradual
enlargement.
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Figure 10.10 shows the data (from Reference 8) for the resistance coefficient
versus the diameter ratio for several values of the cone angle.
Fig. 10.11 :As the cone angle of the contraction decreases below the
resistance coefficient actually increases
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Pipe Elbows
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Table 10.5 shows the friction factor in zone of complete turbulence for new,
clean, commercial steel pipe
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Example1:
Example 2
Determine the energy loss that will occur as 100 L /min
of water flows from a reservoir into a 1-in copper tube
(Type K)
(a) through an inward-projecting tube and
(b) through a well rounded inlet.
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Example 3
Determine the resistance coefficient K for a fully
open globe valve placed in a 6-in Schedule 40
steel pipe.
Example 4
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QA = QB
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For parallel pipeline, the head loss is the same in each pipe,
and the total flow rate is the sum of the flow rates in individual
pipes. We focused on the pipe system with two branches.
QA = Q1 + Q2 = QB
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Example 5
Find the flow rate for a pipe system (as shown in figure) which
connected two reservoirs. All minor loss are considered, except
tee connection. (f=0.0075)
Pipes Long (cm) Diameter (cm)
1 1100 30
2 1100 30
3 1100 30
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Thank You
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