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COVER LETTER
COVER PAGE

15kV Standard R-C Snubber Application Guide

(INTERNAL USE ONLY)

Prepared by
Christopher L. Fraley, P.E.

Issued: March 2012

 Schneider Electric Engineering Services

The following report was prepared by the Power System Engineering group of Schneider Electric
Engineering Services, LLC (SEES) utilizing industry-accepted standards and practices along with the
proprietary methodologies and analysis tools of SEES. Data used in this analysis was acquired by Power
System Engineering and provided by others, through onsite discovery, published information, equipment
nameplates, manufacturer ratings, testing, analysis, or other means. SEES assumes no responsibility for
inaccuracies in data provided by others. The study is intended for use by qualified individuals to facilitate
the installation, operation, maintenance, and safety of the electrical power system depicted. Modification
of equipment, changes to system configuration, adjustment of protective device settings, or failure to
properly maintain equipment may invalidate these results.

The stylized trademarks Square D and Schneider Electric and any other trademarks and trade names
that are the property of Schneider Electric USA, Inc are used by permission.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 SUMMARY .....................................................................................................4
1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 4

1.2 Results and Recommendations........................................................................................................ 4

1.3 Disclaimer.......................................................................................................................................... 5

2 SNUBBER COMPONENT SELECTION METHODOLOGY ...........................6

2.1 Background ....................................................................................................................................... 6

2.2 Selection of Resistor and Capacitor ................................................................................................ 9

2.3 Fuse Selection.................................................................................................................................. 10

2.4 Power System Constraints ............................................................................................................. 12

2.5 Fuse Monitoring.............................................................................................................................. 12

APPENDIX A: CATALOG CUTS FOR RECOMMENDED COMPONENTS ....13

APPENDIX B: SNUBBER COMPONENT CALCULATIONS AND TIME-

CURRENT CURVE FOR FUSE APPLICATION.................................................14

APPENDIX C: POWER SYSTEM REQUIRMENTS CHART FOR APPLYING

STANDARD 15KV SNUBBER COMPONENTS.................................................15

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1 SUMMARY

1.1 Introduction

This report documents the results of a 15kV R-C snubber component standardization project. The
scope of this analysis is limited to selection of components for 15kV snubbers to reduce the
probability of damage due to transformer-vacuum switching device interaction.

When a transformer is switched into or out of a system, the transient voltage produced at the
terminals of the transformer may contain several high frequency oscillatory components. When
this oscillatory transformer terminal voltage has a frequency near one of the natural frequencies of
the transformer and is of sufficient magnitude and duration, permanent damage to the transformer
internal insulation structure may result. The R-C snubber is a mitigation method to reduce the
peak internal voltage response of a transformer when its terminals are subjected to an oscillatory
transient voltage (reproduced from IEEE Std C57.142-2010 Guide to Describe the Occurrence
and Mitigation of Switching Transients Induced by Transformer, Switching Device, and System
Interaction).

1.2 Results and Recommendations

15kV R-C snubber component selection was reviewed for power systems with the following
configurations:

12.47kV, 13.2kV and 13.8kV 60Hz solidly grounded wye power systems.
Source transformer (transformer which feeds transformers with snubbers installed) size is
3750kVA or larger.
Transformer in which snubber is applied is fed only by a utility source (no generator
feeds).
A maximum quantity of five transformers with snubbers are installed on the power
system.
Power cables feeding the transformer in which the snubber is applied are sized between
#1/0 and 500kcmil with a single conductor per phase (no parallel conductors). A
transformer with a close-coupled vacuum switching device is permitted.
Cable length from the vacuum interrupting device to the transformer does not to exceed
500-feet to an individual transformer or a total of 2500-feet where multiple transformers
are applied in a loop feed configuration.
Medium-voltage power factor correction capacitors are not applied on the power system.

If each of the above power system configuration conditions are met the following
standardized components are recommended for 15kV snubber application. If any of the
power system configuration conditions are not met further analysis is required and the
standardized components should not be applied until confirmed applicable.

Resistors: Kanthal Globar 891SP250K ceramic non-inductive resistor, 16kV peak, 25,
750W (with Kanthal Globar 36200 aluminum connector caps).

Capacitors: ABB 2GUS031801A3 single-phase surge capacitor, 13.8 kV, 0.25 F.

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Fuses: Hi-Tech HTFX240006, 15.5kV, 6A, 50kA interrupting. Fuse interrupting

rating should be compared to power system available short-circuit current at the
location of snubber application to verify adequacy.

The use of properly-sized surge arresters, in addition to the snubber, is recommended.

The surge arresters must be applied at the transformer primary terminals
downstream of the vacuum switching device.

It is recommended that fuse monitoring be installed to provide indication that the snubber fuses
are intact. One approach to monitoring with the recommended components is to mount the
capacitor on insulating supports and measure the current in the grounded conductor from each
capacitor using current transformers and relays. Sensitive relays detect loss of current if a fuse is
blown.

1.3 Disclaimer
Although experience has shown snubber circuits to be effective at eliminating transformer damage
due to transformer-vacuum switching device interaction, it must be understood that accurate
modeling of this phenomenon is not practical due to the number of variables involved with
modeling the behavior of vacuum switching device reignition behavior. Therefore, no absolute
guarantee can be made that all transformer interwinding resonance concerns will be completely
eliminated by application of the snubber with the components selected. However, the probability
of such interactions is substantially reduced by use of the snubber. The use of properly-sized
surge arresters, in addition to the snubber, is recommended. The surge arresters must be applied at
the transformer primary terminals downstream of the vacuum switching device.

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2 SNUBBER COMPONENT SELECTION METHODOLOGY

2.1 Background

An R-C snubber circuit consists of a resistor and capacitor in series, along with a fuse. This
resistor-capacitor-fuse combination is connected line-to-ground in each phase of a 3-phase power
system in order to dissipate energy associated with transient voltages, and to limit the frequencies
associated with such transients. The circuit concept for an R-C snubber is shown in Figure 1
below.

In this application the snubber is being used to protect a transformer from the effects of vacuum
circuit breaker-transformer interaction. This interaction is described in IEEE Std C57.142-2010
Guide to Describe the Occurrence and Mitigation of Switching Transients Induced by
Transformer, Switching Device, and System Interaction. Although this guide does not give an
exact methodology for sizing such a snubber for every situation, it does represent the most
complete technical description to date regarding the phenomena of interest in snubber design for
the protection of transformers due to vacuum circuit breaker-transformer interaction.

Figure 1: R-C Snubber Circuit Concept (reproduced from IEEE Std C57.142-2010)

Transformer winding capacitances, both turn-to-turn and turn-to-ground, play a significant role in
the performance of the winding when it is subjected to high-frequency disturbances. The result is
that, when subjected to such disturbances, voltages may be developed inside the winding that
exceed the terminal voltages. Such behavior occurs when the frequency content of the disturbance
contains frequencies at or near a natural frequency of the winding. The natural frequencies of a
given winding are a function of the winding design, with the lowest typically being on the order of
several kHz. Figure 2 below shows a representative example of the transformer voltage at the
center of a transformer winding vs. frequency.

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Figure 2: Example of voltage at the center of a transformer HV winding vs. frequency (reproduced
from IEEE Std C57.142-2010)

Means of exciting a transformer winding at or near one of its natural frequencies is provided by a
vacuum circuit breaker as it interrupts current. Multiple re-ignitions can occur as the vacuum
contacts move apart during the opening cycle of the circuit breaker, and if any of the resulting
disturbance frequencies set up by the re-ignitions is close to a natural frequency of the transformer,
high internal winding voltages may result as described above. Similarly, the traveling voltage
wave as a transformer is energized can excite a transformer close to one of its natural frequencies.
Figure 3 below shows a representative transformer terminal voltage during a vacuum circuit
breaker re-ignition sequence:

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Figure 3: Representative transformer terminal voltage during re-ignition sequence.

Because of the variables involved in the performance of the circuit breaker, modeling of the
transient performance of the system during circuit breaker switching for the purpose of predicting
whether the transformer will be excited close to one of its natural frequencies is generally
considered impractical. The IEEE C57.142-2010 standard does describe system configurations
of concern and loads of concern where the probability of this phenomenon is increased. In
general, these consist of frequently-switched transformers which are switched via a switching
device directly connected to one or two transformers which are unloaded, very lightly loaded, or
feeding nonlinear loads.

Because transformer internal winding voltages can be higher than the terminal voltages when this
phenomenon occurs, surge arresters applied at the transformer terminals are not an effective means
of mitigating this phenomenon, although properly-sized surge arresters are recommended for
protection from other types of transients to which the transformer might be exposed.

An R-C snubber circuit performs two essential functions in the mitigation of the phenomenon
described above:
1.) Dissipation of energy (damping) associated with the transient via the resistor
element.
2.) Lowering of the frequency of voltage at the transformer terminals associated with the
transient via the capacitor element.

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2.2 Selection of Resistor and Capacitor

The IEEE C57.142-2010 standard does not give concrete guidance on the selection of the resistor
element; it states only that it should be on the order of 5 to 50 ohms. It must be recognized
that at power frequency voltage very little of the voltage drop across the snubber will be across the
resistor due to the fact that the capacitor presents relatively high impedance in comparison.
However, for the high-frequency transients of interest the opposite is true; the capacitor presents a
very small impedance in comparison with the resistor, therefore the voltage drop is almost entirely
across the resistor. In order to allow for dissipation of maximum transient energy, the resistor is
sized to be approximately equal to the supply cable surge impedance.

The surge impedance of the supply cable is independent of the circuit length and may be
approximated as:

138 D
Zs 1/ 2
log () (1)
e d

where

Zs is the magnitude of the cable surge impedance

D is the inside diameter of the outer ground sheath
d is the diameter of the primary conductor
e is the dielectric constant for the cable insulation: approximately 3.0 for EPR and 2.3 for XLP

Cable data from various manufacturers, types and sizes were reviewed to determine the range of
cable surge impedance for 15kV shielded cables. A cable surge impedance spreadsheet is
included in the appendix showing the results of this investigation. As shown in the spreadsheet,
for cables ranging from #1/0 through 500kcmil the surge impedance ranges from 16 to 29. In
practice the actual value of the resistor may be far from the ideal for maximum damping and the
snubber will still yield the intended benefits. As such, a 25 resistor was chosen so that it could
be applied across a wide range of cable sizes.

Besides the resistance, the main resistor ratings of concern are the power and energy handling
capabilities and the voltage rating. The snubber fuse is selected to protect the resistor according to
its energy handling capabilities. Fuse selection is discussed in a separate section. Regarding
voltage, resistors considered for this snubber application are assigned a peak voltage rating,
which is an instantaneous voltage that may be applied across the resistor during normal or
transient conditions. Under normal conditions, there is a small 60 Hz voltage drop across the
resistor. If a capacitor were to fail in a short circuit mode, the 60 Hz voltage across the resistor
would approach system line to neutral voltage. During transient conditions where high frequency
voltages may be present, the snubber capacitor impedance may be much less than at 60 Hz and the
instantaneous voltage across the resistor may be much higher. For conservatism, the resistor
peak or instantaneous voltage rating should be higher than the peak of the 60 Hz line to neutral
voltage (i.e., 10.8 kV for a 13.2 kV system). The recommended resistor has a peak voltage rating
of 16kV, which is suitable for application on the power systems noted.

The purpose of the capacitor is to lower the rate of rise time, and thus the frequency content, of
transient voltages at the transformer terminals, and to allow for the damping action of the resistor
to come into play a high frequencies while allowing the resistor to dissipate very little power at 60
Hz. As with the resistor, the IEEE Std C57.142-2010 does not give concrete guidance on the
selection of the capacitor, only that the RC time constant could be approximately 1-10s.
The 25 resistor thus requires a capacitor size in the range of 0.04 to 0.4F. For this reason a

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surge capacitor is normally used for this application; readily-available surge capacitors rated
13.8kV are available with a capacitance of 0.25F, yielding a time constant of 6.25s.

The 60Hz impedance of a 0.25 F capacitor is 10.6 k. The resistor therefore may be calculated
to require a power rating of 17W at 60Hz, assuming a worst-case 10% system overvoltage. Since
some harmonic content will typically be present, the resistor will dissipate additional power due to
harmonic current flow, and this must be taken into account. A substantially larger power rating is
advisable, on the order of ~200W or greater.

Under normal conditions, most of the 60 Hz line to neutral voltage is across the capacitor because
its impedance at 60 Hz is much higher than that of the resistor. The capacitor voltage rating
should be selected conservatively to allow for overvoltage. In this case, the system line-to-ground
voltage has a nominal value of 7.967kV for the highest system voltage of 13.8kV for the standard
snubber. A 10% 60 Hz overvoltage should also be taken into account, yielding a maximum
voltage of 8.764kV under normal conditions. A capacitor voltage rating of 13.8kV meets the
requirement for design overvoltage for a solidly grounded system.

Catalog information for the snubber components is included in Appendix A. The calculations per
above are included in Appendix B.

2.3 Fuse Selection

Fuses are a very important part of the snubber circuit. They provide protection for the snubber
should the capacitor become shorted. Three criteria are used to select the fuses:

1.) The fuses should allow normal 60 Hz + harmonic currents to flow in the snubber
2.) The fuses should protect the capacitors per their rupture curve
3.) The fuses should protect the resistors per their allowable energy dissipation limits

A full-range, current-limiting fuse is recommended. The 13.8kV system 60 Hz nominal current

flow in the snubber circuit is calculated to be 0.82 A, assuming a worst-case 10% system
overvoltage. To account for harmonics the fuse should be at least twice this size. Because the
fuse must be rated for the 13.8kV operating voltage, the fuse continuous current rating selection
will be limited. One fuse that meets these criteria is a Hi-Tech type FX fuse, available with a
minimum rating of 3A with a rating of 15.5kV. A rating of 6A provides additional safety margin
for harmonic current flow.

Fuses for three phase application should generally be rated for system line-to-line voltage.
Manufacturers do make allowances for using fuses rated for line to neutral voltage (or dual-rated
fuses) on distribution systems for single-phase feeder taps or for particular transformer winding
connections. However, a more conservative rating based on line to line voltage is recommended
for the snubber application. ANSI C37.46-1981 American National Standard Specifications for
Power Fuses and Fuse Disconnecting Switches states in section 8 The rated voltage of a power
fuse shall be selected on the basis of maximum line-to-line voltage, regardless of whether the fuse
is to be applied on a grounded or ungrounded neutral system. Also, IEEE C37.48-1997 IEEE
Guide for the Application, Operation, and Maintenance of High-Voltage Fuses, Distribution
Enclosed Single-Pole Air Switches, Fuse Disconnecting Switches, and Accessories states in
section 3.7.1 for power class fuses The fuse should have a maximum voltage rating equal to or
exceeding the maximum system line-to-line voltage. A further consideration is that unlike
expulsion fuses, current-limiting fuses develop a voltage during interruption that exceeds system
line-to-line voltage. Rated voltage of current-limiting fuses should therefore not greatly exceed

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the system line-to-line voltage or the developed voltage may exceed the withstand capability of the
system insulation.

The capacitor rupture curve for the above recommended capacitor is readily available (and
reproduced in Appendix A), however some calculations are required in order to establish the
energy time/current withstand curve of the resistor. It should be noted that the peak energy
value published by the manufacturer for the resistor is based upon a time frame of less than 10ms,
and is not applicable for the purpose of establishing a time-current withstand curve for time
periods above 10ms. Instead, the maximum allowable rapid-rise temperature limit and long-
term rise temperature limit for the resistor must be established. Once this is done, for a given
temperature limit the allowable energy dissipation may be calculated as:

J = 4.184 M C T (J) (2)

where

J is the allowable energy dissipation in Joules for rapid-rise or long-term time frame, depending
upon the temperature limit value T used

M is the mass of the resistor in grams

C is the specific heat capacity for the resistor material, in cal/g-C

T is the rapid-rise or long-term rise temperature limit for the resistor

Per the manufacturer, mass of the resistor is 1000g, the heat capacity of the resistor material is
0.25 cal/g-C, the recommended rapid-rise temperature limit is 80C, and the recommended long-
term rise temperature limit is 350C.
Once the value for the allowable energy dissipation is calculated, it can be converted to a current
value as follows:

J
I2 t = (3)
R
I2 t
I= (4)
t

where

I2t is the normalized energy limit in A2s

R is the resistance value of the resistor
t is the time basis for the calculation

Using the above formulae, the withstand current for the resistor was calculated to be 12A at 100s,
58A at 1s, 183A at 0.1s, and 579A at 0.01s. The calculations for this are shown in Appendix B.

Strictly speaking, complete protection per the criteria 2.) and 3.) above requires that the fuse time-
current characteristic fall below and to the left of the capacitor case rupture and resistor withstand
curves when plotted together on the same time-current curve (TCC) graph. A 6A, 15.5kV, 50 kA
fuse, Hi-Tech catalog number HTFX240006, is selected for this application; catalog data for this
fuse is shown in Appendix A. A TCC of the fuse, capacitor canister rupture, and resistor
withstand curves is shown in Appendix B. This TCC shows that the specified capacitor is
protected per its case rupture curve, and for higher levels of current the resistor is protected per its

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calculated withstand curve. It should be noted that overload protection of the resistor is not
possible with the fuse, and this is demonstrated by the resistor withstand curve crossing the fuse
curve at a low current level; this is the reason that the resistor was conservatively chosen for
steady-state power dissipation requirements. The value of this TCC is to illustrate the protection
by the fuses for both the capacitor and resistor should the capacitor become shorted, which is the
typical failure mode for a capacitor.

The selected fuse has an interrupting rating of 50kA. This interrupting rating should be adequate
on most 15kV systems however the fuse interrupting rating should be compared to the
available short-circuit current at the location of snubber application to verify adequacy.

2.4 Power System Constraints

In applying the standardized snubber components additional capacitance is added to the power
system creating a potential for parallel resonance between the snubber capacitance and source
transformer. Resonant harmonics were reviewed for various quantities of snubbers, source
transformer size and cable capacitance (see appendix B). The goal was to keep all resonant
harmonic values above the 30th harmonic while providing margin for additional unknown system
cable capacitances. Based on the results of these calculations the following constraints for
application of the standard snubber components where developed:

Source transformer (transformer which feeds transformers with snubbers installed) size is
3750kVA or larger. This requirement limits the source inductance to a maximum value
therefore raising the resonant harmonic values.
Transformer in which snubber is applied is fed only by a utility source (no generator
feeds). A weak generator source can have an inductance high enough to as to be
resonant with the snubber capacitor at a dominant system harmonic frequency (i.e., 5th
and 7th harmonics).
A maximum quantity of five transformers with snubbers are installed on the power
system. This requirement limits the amount of capacitance added to the power system by
the snubbers.
Cable length from the vacuum interrupting device to the transformer does not to exceed
500-feet to an individual transformer or a total of 2500-feet where multiple transformers
are applied in a loop configuration. This limits the amount of capacitance added to the
power system by the power cables.
Medium-voltage power factor correction capacitors are not applied on the power system.
This requirement prevents the snubbers from shifting the resonant frequency of a power
factor correction bank of capacitors to a dominant system harmonic frequency.

2.5 Fuse Monitoring

Fuse monitoring is essential since the snubber cannot provide protection on a given phase if the fuse on that
phase has opened. One method of monitoring consists of mounting the capacitors on insulating supports
and installing current transformers in each of the three grounded conductors from the capacitors. Sensitive
relays detect loss of current if a fuse is blown. Local indicating lamps as well as alarm contacts indicate the
status of each snubber pole. The monitoring circuit is compatible with various system voltages and control
voltages.

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APPENDIX A: CATALOG CUTS FOR RECOMMENDED COMPONENTS

Issued: March 2012

Series 800 and 1000
Tubular Resistors
Product Information
Tubular Resistors Series 800 and 1000
Series 800 and 1000 Tubular Non-Inductive Bulk Ceramic
Resistors provide excellent performance for high peak power
or high-energy pulses. Bulk construction advantageously
produces an inherently non-inductive resistor; and it allows
energy and power to be uniformly distributed through the
entire ceramic resistor body there is no film or wire to fail.
We offer a full line of rugged, reliable ceramic resistors.
We offer three distinctly different ceramic materials to afford
the designer with unique components to meet the most
demanding requirements:

Type SP resistors are composed of
materials that withstand high operating
temperatures resulting in high power
dissipation. Maximum continuous
operating temperature is specified at
350C. This type is suitable for use in
oil without an oil-resistant coating.
Type AS resistors are best suited Type A is a high-power non-inductive
for high energy and voltage pulse resistor used when high resistance is
applications. Maximum continuous required.
operating temperature is specified at
230C. The standard dielectric coating
is recommended for use in air, and the
oil-resistant coating is recommended
for use in oil.

Globar bulk ceramic resistors are problem solvers for:

Type SP Type AS Type A
Motor drive circuits Impulse generators Bleeder
Snubber circuits High-voltage circuits Capacitor charge/discharge
High-frequency circuits X-ray equipment just to name a few uses.
RF dummy loads High voltage power supplies
Dynamic braking Laser/Imaging equipment
Transformer protection Capacitor charge/discharge
Harmonic filter

Ordering Information
Part Numbering System
Example Part Number: 890AS101KDS
Construction Type Resistance Value ()
For 10 : First 2 digits
are significant figures, third
digit is number of zeros to
follow,
e.g. 101 = 100
For < 10 : An R replaces
the decimal point,
e.g. R50 = 0.50 ,
7R5 = 7.5
Contact Information
Kanthal Globar, 495 Commerce Drive, Ste. 7
890AS 101 K DS Terminal End Options
SP No Suffix = Standard aluminum metalized ends
No-arc terminal not available on SP products
G = Radial tab, riveted and soldered
G1 = Radial tab, riveted and no solder
Resistance Tolerance AS DS = Standard dielectric coating and silver
metalized ends
J = + 5%
K = + 10% N = No-arc terminal and dielectric coating
NO = No-arc terminal with oil resistant coating
L = + 20%
DG = Radial tab, riveted and soldered with
dielectric coating
DG1 = Radial tab, riveted and no solder with
dielectric coating
GO = Radial tab, riveted and soldered with oil
resistant coating
TO = Soldered end and oil resistant coating
A No Suffix = Standard nickel metalized ends
D = Dielectric coating
DG = Radial tab, riveted and soldered with
dielectric coating
N = No-arc terminal and dielectric coating
NO = No-arc terminal with oil resistant coating

Amherst, NY 14228-2311, USA DG = Radial tab, riveted and soldered with

dielectric coating
Phone: (716) 691-4010 Fax: (716) 691-7850 DG1 = Radial tab, riveted and no solder with
dielectric coating
Toll-Free: 877-GLOBAR-2 (877-456-2271) GO = Radial tab with oil resistant coating
E-mail: sales.globar@kanthal.com
TO = Soldered end and oil resistant coating
Website: www.globar.com
High Voltage Resistors High Power Resistors High Energy Resistors
Series 800 and 1000 Tubular Resistors are available in a wide variety of sizes and terminations from 2 to 24 in length and to
2 in diameter. These resistors can handle up to 1000 watts, 165 kJ and 165 kV in resistance values from 1 ohm to 1 megohm.
Electrical Specifications
Average Peak*
Length and Resistance Available Peak* Energy
Type Power @ 40C Voltage**
Diameter (ohms) Min. to Max. (joules)
(watts) (volts)
2 x 1/2 884SP 1.0 200 22.5 250 1,000
2 1/2 x 3/4 885SP 1.0 130 45 250 1,000
885AS 6.0 1200 15 2,800 8,000
885A 1500 220K 15 750 3,750
5 x 3/4 886SP 1.0 330 90 500 4,000
886AS 15.0 3300 30 7,000 20,000
886A 3900 390K 30 1,500 10,000
6 x 1 887SP 1.0 330 150 1,600 4,000
887AS 12.0 3300 50 13,000 30,000
887A 3900 390K 50 6,000 12,000
6 x 1 1/2 1026AS 5.0 1200 70 30,000 30,000
8 x 1 888SP 1.0 390 190 2,100 6,000
888AS 15.0 3900 75 16,500 45,000
888A 4700 470K 60 7,500 15,000
8 x 1 1/2 1028AS 6.5 1875 100 46,000 45,000
12 x 1 889SP 1.0 680 275 3,200 10,000
889AS 25.0 6800 100 27,000 75,000
889A 8200 680K 90 12,500 25,000
12 x 1 1/2 1032AS 9.0 2500 150 75,000 75,000
18 x 1 890SP 1.0 1000 375 4,200 16,000
890AS 40.0 10K 150 43,000 120,000
890A 12K 1M 125 20,000 40,000
18 x 1 1/2 1038AS 15.0 3800 225 119,000 120,000
18 x 2 891SP 1.0 450 750 15,000 16,000
24 x 2 892SP 1.0 600 1000 17,500 22,000
24 x 1 1/2 1044AS 20.0 4800 300 164,000 165,000
* Allowable peak energy/voltage will depend on the resistance value. Consult factory.
** Derate by 50% with oil resistant coating on Type AS resistors. Energy ratings are based on pulses <10 milliseconds. Type SP ratings can be
substantially greater for longer pulses. Consult factory.

Dimensions Inches
C C
Type A B D
(SP & AS) (A)
884 SP 2.0 0.50 0.22 0.25
885 SP, AS, & A 2.5 0.75 0.50 0 0.50
886 SP, AS, & A 5.0 0.75 0.50 0 0.62
887 SP, AS, & A 6.0 1.00 0.75 0.5 0.50
888 SP, AS, & A 8.0 1.00 0.75 0.5 0.88
889 SP, AS, & A 12.0 1.00 0.75 0.5 0.88
890 SP, AS & A 18.0 1.00 0.75 0.5 0.88
891 SP 18.0 2.00 1.50 1.00
C Nom. B 1/32
892 SP 24.0 2.00 1.50 1.00
A 1/16 1026 AS 6.0 1.50 1.00 0.50
1028 AS 8.0 1.50 1.00 0.88
1032 AS 12.0 1.50 1.00 0.88
D 1/18 1038 AS 18.0 1.50 1.00 0.88
Metallized Ends 1044 AS 24.0 1.50 1.00 0.88

Special sizes are available. Consult factory.

Termination Metals
Electrical connection to the resistive bodies of resistors is made by metal end bands. The standard metal is aluminum
for Type SP, silver for Type AS and nickel for Type A. Special terminations of brass, copper or soldered ends are also
available.

Mounting Clips
F 0.003"
In most cases, connections to the resistors may
be made by using these stock clips.
0.005"

0.005"

.001"

D 0.015" A max.

Dimensions Inches C max.

Resistor
Part No. Holes A B C D E F T V W
OD
35370 1/2 1 0.620 0.090 0.560 0.500 N/A 0.093 0.020 0.188 0.375
35267 3/4 1 0.940 0.155 0.830 0.750 N/A 0.144 0.020 0.312 0.625
35268 1 2 1.230 0.170 1.070 1.000 N/A 0.128 0.024 0.156 0.625
35371 1 1/2 2 1.650 0.100 1.650 1.500 0.925 0.103 0.032 0.250 0.500
35269 2 2 2.375 0.544 1.080 2.000 0.375 0.125 0.043 0.375 0.750
Material: Beryllium Copper Finish: Electro Tin Plate

Aluminum Connector Caps

Contacts - Beryllium Copper

W
(2) Threaded Holes- Each Side
OD-1
B
Across Flats

OD

C ID

Dimensions Inches Maximum

Insertion Length E

Part Resistor OD OD-1 W E ID A B C Threaded Holes

No. Diameter
36075 3/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 3/4 0.830 3/8 3/16 3/16 .50 M3 x .5P x 3/16 DP
36100 1 1 3/4 1 5/8 1 1.080 1/2 3/16 3/8 .75 M3 x .5P x 3/16 DP
36150 1 1/2 2 1/4 2 1/8 1 1.580 3/4 3/16 3/8 .75 M4 x .7P x 3/16 DP
36200 2 3 2 3/4 1 1/8 2.080 1 5/16 7/16 .88 M5 x .8P x 1/4 DP
Optional No-Arc Termination
N Suffix

Overall
OverallResistor
Resistor
Same
Same
as as
Standard
Standard
Resistor
Resistor Length1/16
Length 1/16
D2D2
Dimensions Inches WW

D1 D2 D W
DD
1 1.56 1 3/4

1 1/2 1.84 1 3/4

D1D11/32
1/32

Optional Radial Tab Termination

G1 suffix - riveted only
G suffix - riveted with solder

Overall
Overall
Length
Length
= L = 1/16"
L 1/16"
Same
Same
as Standard
as Standard
Resistor
Resistor
Length
Length

Dimensions Inches
W1 W1 W1 W1
D W1 A B
1/2 3/16 17/32 0.062
3/4 3/8 25/32 0.156
B Hole
B Hole
1 3/8 25/32 0.156 A A

1 1/2 3/8 25/32 0.156

Diameter
Diameter 1/32"
= D= D 1/32"
2 5/8 1.25 0.281 Same
Sameas Standard
as Standard
Resistor
Resistor
Diameter
Diameter
 Characteristics Type SP Type AS Type A
Operating Temperature (1) -55C to +350C -55C to +230C -55C to +230C
Resistance Temperature Coefficient +0.2 to -0.08 %/C +0.0 to -0.08 %/C +0.0 to -0.02 %/C
Voltage Coefficient -1.0% -1.0%
Max. % per kilovolt per inch active length
Short Time Overload 5% 2%
Max. % change after 10 cycles of 1000% rated
power 5 sec. On, 90 sec. Off
Load Life 5% 5%
Max. % change after 1,000 hours at rated power
Thermal Shock 3% 3%
Max. % change after 10 cycles -55C to +125C
Moisture Resistance 5% 5% 5%
Max. % change when tested per MIL-STD-202,
Method 103
(1) Note: When required, Type SP material can withstand short periods of use at red-heat conditions, i.e. up to 550C to 600C

Typical Physical SP Resistors AS Resistors A Resistors

Properties
Density 2.2 - 2.4 gm/cc 2.2 - 2.6 gm/cc 2.2 - 2.6 gm/cc
Specific Heat 0.24 - 0.26 cal/gm -C 0.23 - 0.25 cal/gm -C 0.23 - 0.25 cal/gm -C
Thermal Conductivity 0.14 - 0.16 cal/cm - C/sec 0.003 - 0.006 cal/cm - C/sec 0.003 - 0.006 cal/cm - C/sec

120
Power Rating Curves 120
100
Power

100
80
Power

TYPE SP
80
of Rated

60 TYPE SP
% of%Rated

60
40
TYPE AS & A
Power ratings are based on 40 35 0 C
20 TYPE AS & A
maximum allowable surface 23 0 C
20 35 0 C
temperature in still air at 40C 0 23 0 C
ambient temperature. 0
0 100 200 300 400
Ambient Temperature, C
0 100 200 300 400
Ambient Temperature, C

Resistor Surface 340

C C

Temperature 300
340
Rise,Rise,

300
Rise Versus Power
Temperature

200
Temperature

200
(Curve is Typical for Resistor 100
AS Resistor
Midpoint with Horizontal 100 SP Resistor
Orientation in Still Air) 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
0 % of Rated
0 20 40 60 Power 80 100 120
% of Rated Power
Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is for illustrative purposes only. The data and examples are only general recommendations, and not a warranty or a
guarantee that such data will function in individual/specific cases. The purchaser of a Kanthal product has the responsibility to control the applicability of Kanthals products
in a specific application before using them.

KANTHAL is a registered trademark of Kanthal Group companies in Sweden and other countries.

Kanthal a Member of the Sandvik Group

The Sandvik Group is a global high technology enterprise with 41,700 employees and annual sales of approximately SEK72 billion. Sandvik spends about 4 percent of its turno-
ver on research and development. As a member of the Sandvik Group, Kanthal has full access to world-class competence within materials and process technology, as well as
Sandviks R&D-center in Sweden, which is one of the most distinguished in the world. Through Sandviks global sales organization Kanthal is represented in 130countries.

Kanthal Globar, 495 Commerce Drive, Ste. 7, Amherst, NY 14228-2311, USA Phone: (716) 691-4010 Fax: (716) 691-7850
E-mail: sales.globar@kanthal.com Website: www.globar.com
 Kanthal a Sandvik brand

REVISIONS
SYM ECN DESCRIPTION DATE APP
New N/A Initial Release

Length: 18" +/-1/16" OD:

ID: 2" +/-1/32"
1.5" Nominal

Metalization: 1" +/-1/8" (Both Sides)

Figure 1

NOTES:
1. ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE & TOLERANCE: 25 Ohm +/- 10%
2. RATED POWER: 750 WATTS, AVERAGE AT 40C AMBIENT, D ERATE LINEARLY TO 0 WATTS AT 350C
3. RATED PEAK VOLTAGE: 16 KVOLTS
4. RATED PEAK ENERGY: 15 KJOULES
5. RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: + 0.2% to - 0.08% per C.
6. OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE: - 55C to +350C.
7. TYPICAL WEIGHT: 1000 GRAMS
8. MARKING:

891SP250K
KANTHAL
72819 (Date Code)
25 Ohms +/- 10%

UNCONTROLLED
SALES DOCUMENT

THIS DRAWING AND ANY ACCOMPANYING DATA IS LOANED FOR THIS SPECIFIC OCCASION AND PURPOSE, AND IN DESIGN, AND DETAIL
IS THE PROPRIETARY PROPERTY OF SANDVIK HEATING TECHNOLOGY USA / AMHERST, N.Y. SUBJECT TO RETURN UPON DEMAND, AND
IS NOT TO BE REPRODUCED OR DISCLOSED TO OTHER PARTIES EXCEPT WITH OUR SPECIFIC WRITTEN PERMISSION ALL RIGHTS OF DESIGN
AND INVENTION ARE RESERVED.
TITLE: Sheet Rev.: New

KANTHAL Globar Non-Inductive Resistors 891SP250K
SANDVIK HEATING TECHNOLOGY USA
DIST: Sales Mgr., Master
495 COMMERCE DRIVE AMHERST, N.Y. DRAWN DATE APPROVED DATE SHEET
1 of 1
ABB
TECHNICAL DATA:
CAPACITOR TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Date (yy-mm-dd): 08/04/15 Rev.: 00

Style Number: 2GUS031801A3

Standard: IEEE Std 18-2002
Fusing: FUSELESS
Rated Voltage: 13800 V
Rated Capacitance: 0.25 F
Rated Current: 1.3 A
Rated Frequency: 60 Hz
Term's.-to--Case withstand
volts, 60 Hz: N/A kV
Nameplate/Unit BIL: 110 kV
Bushing Creepage: 15.0 inches
Bushing Quantity: 1
Bushing color: gray
Lower capacitance limit: 0 %
Higher capacitance limit: 10 %
Series Element Groups: 9
Element Voltage: 1533 V
Dielectric Type: all film
Discharge Resistor: 50 Volts in 5 minutes
Routine Overvoltage Test: 30.1 KV AC
Ambient Temp. Category: -40/+46C
Fluid Type: Faradol 810
Fluid Volume: 1.3 gal. U.S.
Can Type: S175 SS 304
Approximate Weight: 35 lbs

CAPACITOR NAMEPLATE

India approval

2GUZ6012 REV 03 Signature

Page 21 of 34
Page 23 of 34
 PROTECTION AND CONTROL
Trans-Guard FX Fuses
Table 13 Electrical characteristics of Trans-Guard fx fuses (single fuses)
Nominal Rated Maximum Continuous Peak Arc Minimum Maximum
Fuse RMAT
Fuse Current Fuse Maximum Current (In Air) Voltage
2
Melt I t
2
Melt I t
Voltage (8)
Diameter Rating Catalog Voltage (6) (5) (3) (4)
Rating 2 2 (C)
(kV) (in) (Amps) Number (kV) 25C 40C 55C (kV) (AMP-SEC) (AMP-SEC)
80 HTFX320080 99 96 94 15.0 22,100 110,000
100 HTFX320100 126 122 118 15.0 56,700 280,000
5.5 3.3 125 HTFX320125 5.5 142 138 134 15.0 78,300 380,000 71
150 HTFX320150 184 178 173 15.0 176,000 860,000
200 HTFX320200 208 202 196 15.0 259,000 1,270,000
3 HTFX230003 5.0 4.9 4.7 30 100 350
6 HTFX230006 11.0 10.5 10.0 32 620 2,700
8 HTFX230008 13.5 13.0 12.5 28 800 4,000
FX Full-Range

10 HTFX230010 16.0 15.5 15.0 28 800 4,000

CL Fuses

12 HTFX230012 20.5 19.5 19.0 26 920 8,000

18 HTFX230018 10.0 23.5 22.5 22.0 26 1,310 9,500
140
2.2 20 HTFX230020 27.5 26.5 25.5 26 1,620 11,000
25 HTFX230025 37.0 35.5 34.5 26 3,660 22,000
8.3 30 HTFX230030 41.0 39.5 38.5 26 5,250 30,000
40 HTFX230040 50.0 48.5 47.0 26 8,700 50,000
50 HTFX230050 57.0 55.0 53.5 26 12,800 70,000
65 HTFX230065 87.0 84.0 81.5 23 34,000 200,000
8.8
80 HTFX230080 100.0 98.0 95.0 22 51,200 280,000
65 HTFX330065 81.0 79.0 77.0 25 25,200 100,000
80 HTFX330080 95.0 92.0 89.0 25 47,200 185,000 71
3.3 8.3
100 HTFX330100 120.0 117.0 113.0 25 78,300 330,000
125 HTFX330125 135.0 131.0 127.0 25 115,150 480,000
3 HTFX240003 5.0 4.9 4.7 51 100 510
6 HTFX240006 11.0 10.5 10.0 54 620 2,600
8 HTFX240008 13.5 13.0 12.5 46 800 3,700
10 HTFX240010 16.0 15.5 15.0 46 800 3,700
12 HTFX240012 20.5 19.5 19.0 43 920 6,500
2.2 18 HTFX240018 17.2 23.5 22.5 22.0 45 1,310 8,000 140
20 HTFX240020 27.5 26.5 25.5 45 1,620 10,000
15.5
25 HTFX240025 37.0 35.5 34.5 45 3,660 22,000
30 HTFX240030 41.0 39.5 38.5 45 5,250 30,000
40 HTFX240040 50.0 48.5 47.0 45 8,700 50,000
50 HTFX240050 53.0 51.5 50.0 45 12,800 70,000
65 HTFX340065 78.0 75.0 73.0 40 25,200 110,000
3.3 80 HTFX340080 15.5 88.0 85.0 82.0 40 39,400 185,000 71
100 HTFX340100 114.0 110.0 107.0 40 80,000 380,000
6 HTFX250006 11.0 10.5 10.0 67 620 3,100
8 HTFX250008 13.5 13.0 12.5 61 800 4,800
10 HTFX250010 16.0 15.5 15.0 61 800 4,800
12 HTFX250012 20.5 19.5 19.0 60 920 8,300
18 HTFX250018 23.5 22.5 22.0 60 1,310 11,200
23.0 2.2 23.0 140
20 HTFX250020 27.5 26.5 25.5 60 1,620 13,000
25 HTFX250025 37.0 35.5 34.5 60 3,660 28,000
30 HTFX250030 41.0 39.5 38.5 60 5,250 38,000
40 HTFX250040 48.0 46.5 45.0 60 8,700 61,000
50 HTFX250050 55.0 53.0 51.5 60 12,800 82,000

16 Thomas & Betts Corporation 8155 T&B Boulevard Memphis TN 38125 800.888.0211 www.tnb.com/utility PG-PC-H-0307
 PROTECTION AND CONTROL
Trans-Guard FX Fuses
Table 14 Electrical characteristics of Trans-Guard fx fuses (Parallel fuses)
Nominal Rated Maximum Continuous Peak Arc Minimum Maximum
Fuse RMAT
Fuse Current Fuse Maximum Current (In Air) Voltage
2
Melt I t
2
Melt I t
Voltage (8)
Diameter Rating Catalog Voltage (6) (5) (3) (4)
Rating 2 2 (C)
(kV) (in) (Amps) Number (kV) 25C 40C 55C (kV) (AMP-SEC) (AMP-SEC)

60 HTFX230030 80.0 77.0 75.0 26 21,000 120,000

10.0
80 HTFX230040 98.0 95.0 92.0 26 34,000 180,000
140
2.2 100 HTFX230050 8.3 111.0 108.0 105.0 24 51,200 250,000
130 HTFX230065 170.0 165.0 160.0 22 136,000 670,000
8.8
8.3 160 HTFX230080 198.0 191.0 186.0 21 204,800 890,000 40
130 HTFX330065 158.0 154.0 151.0 24 100,800 400,000
160 HTFX330080 186.0 180.0 175.0 24 189,000 740,000
3.3 8.3 71
200 HTFX330100 235.0 229.0 221.0 24 313,000 1,300,000

FX Full-Range
250 HTFX330125 265.0 256.0 249.0 24 460,500 1,800,000

CL Fuses
60 HTFX240030 80.0 77.0 75.0 45 21,000 110,000
2.2 80 HTFX240040 17.2 98.0 95.0 92.0 45 34,800 170,000 140
100 HTFX240050 104.0 101.0 98.0 45 51,200 310,000
15.5
130 HTFX340065 152.0 147.0 143.0 39 100,800 440,000
3.3 160 HTFX340080 15.5 172.0 167.0 160.0 39 157,500 740,000 71
200 HTFX340100 222.0 214.0 208.0 39 320,000 1,520,000

NOTES FOR TABLES 13 AND 14:

1. Designs have a 50,000 Amps rms. Symmetrical Rating (except 3A 17.2 kV which was tested at 44 kA maximum).
2. Current ratings shown in Table 14 are achieved by using a parallel combination of two fuses (order two fuses). To facilitate equal shar-
ing of the interrupting duty, the two fuses should be resistance matched ( 2%) and be mounted such that the current paths to and from
each fuse are symmetrical.
3. Tabulated Maximum Total I2t values are for currents of 50,000 amperes at the nominal voltage of the fuse (except for fuses having a rated
maximum voltage of 8.8kV, in which case the maximum total I2t values are at 8.8kV). Fuses that have a rated maximum voltage higher
than their nominal voltage rating will have a higher I2t let-through when applied at voltages up to these higher values. For example, maxi-
mum total I2t values are increased by approximately 30% when 8.3 kV fuses are applied at 10 kV and approximately 25% when 15.5 kV
fuses are used at 17.2 kV.
4. Maximum total I2t values are reduced for currents below 50,000 A. For example, at 10,000 A, maximum total I2t values are approximately
15% less than the published values.
5. Peak arc voltages quoted are for 50,000 A currents at the rated maximum voltage listed. Reduced currents and voltages will reduce the
peak arc voltage. Consult the factory for further information.
6. Maximum continuous currents at higher ambient temperatures, and in confining enclosures:
These may be determined by derating the fuses by 0.2% per degree C over 25C (for example at 85C the derating would be
60 x .2 = 12%, making the maximum continuous current of a 30 A fuse 41 x .88 = 36.1 A).
When fuses are applied in a confining enclosure, such as a drywell canister, additional derating of a fuses maximum continuous
current is necessary. Specifically, the maximum continuous current for fuses used in a dry-well canister, with the canister completely
submerged in oil, will be reduced by an additional 2% (3% for fuses having a rated maximum voltage of 8.8kV). When calculating
the derating for temperature, as described above, the temperature of the oil surrounding the canister should be used. For other
types of enclosures, please consult the factory.
7. Reduction in the long time melting current of the fuses (approximately one hour and longer) due to higher ambient temperatures and use in
enclosures is the same as described above for maximum continuous currents. See time-current characteristics for melting characteristics
in this time region.
8. The 2.2 dia. 80A and 160A (paralleled 80A) fuses have an RMAT of 140C at a reduced rated maximum voltage of 5.5kV.

PG-PC-H-0307 Thomas & Betts Corporation 8155 T&B Boulevard Memphis TN 38125 800.888.0211 www.tnb.com/utility 17
 Schneider Electric Engineering Services

APPENDIX B: SNUBBER COMPONENT CALCULATIONS AND TIME-

CURRENT CURVE FOR FUSE APPLICATION

Issued: March 2012

 Cable Surge Impedance and Capacitance

Cable Size Zs Average (ohms)

1/0 29.32
2/0 27.1
3/0 24.93
4/0 22.78
250 21.69
350 19.07
500 16.43

Southwire 15kV, copper, EPR 100% (dielectric constant=3.0) Okonite 15kV, copper, EPR 100% (dielectric constant=3.0), compact stranded
Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF) Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF)
#2 0.283 0.683 30.49 0.029 #2 0.268 0.67 31.71 0.028
#1 0.322 0.723 27.99 0.031 #1 0.299 0.7 29.43 0.030
1/0 0.362 0.763 25.80 0.034 1/0 0.336 0.74 27.32 0.032
2/0 0.405 0.803 23.68 0.037 2/0 0.376 0.78 25.25 0.035
3/0 0.456 0.853 21.67 0.041 3/0 0.423 0.83 23.32 0.038
4/0 0.512 0.908 19.82 0.044 4/0 0.475 0.88 21.34 0.041
250 0.558 0.965 18.95 0.046 250 0.52 0.93 20.12 0.044
350 0.661 1.068 16.60 0.053 350 0.616 1.03 17.79 0.049
500 0.79 1.193 14.26 0.062 500 0.736 1.14 15.14 0.058

Southwire 15kV, copper, EPR 133% (dielectric constant=3.0) Okonite 15kV, copper, EPR 133% (dielectric constant=3.0), compact stranded
Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF) Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF)
#2 0.283 0.773 34.77 0.025 #2 0.268 0.76 36.07 0.024
#1 0.322 0.813 32.05 0.027 #1 0.299 0.79 33.62 0.026
1/0 0.362 0.853 29.66 0.030 1/0 0.336 0.83 31.29 0.028
2/0 0.405 0.893 27.36 0.032 2/0 0.376 0.87 29.03 0.030
3/0 0.456 0.943 25.14 0.035 3/0 0.423 0.92 26.89 0.033
4/0 0.512 0.998 23.09 0.038 4/0 0.475 0.96 24.35 0.036
250 0.558 1.053 21.97 0.040 250 0.52 1.01 22.97 0.038
350 0.661 1.158 19.40 0.045 350 0.616 1.11 20.38 0.043
500 0.79 1.283 16.78 0.052 500 0.736 1.22 17.49 0.050

Southwire 15kV, copper, XLP 100% (dielectric constant=2.3) Okonite 15kV, aluminum, EPR 100% (dielectric constant=3.0), Class B stranded (assumed compressed)
Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF) Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF)
#2 0.283 0.683 34.82 0.029 #2 0.283 0.68 30.33 0.029
#1 0.322 0.723 31.96 0.031 #1 0.322 0.72 27.84 0.032
1/0 0.362 0.763 29.47 0.034 1/0 0.361 0.76 25.76 0.034
2/0 0.405 0.803 27.05 0.037 2/0 0.406 0.81 23.90 0.037
3/0 0.456 0.853 24.75 0.041 3/0 0.456 0.86 21.95 0.040
4/0 0.512 0.908 22.64 0.044 4/0 0.512 0.91 19.90 0.044
250 0.558 0.963 21.56 0.047 250 0.558 0.97 19.13 0.046
350 0.661 1.068 18.96 0.053 350 0.661 1.07 16.67 0.053
500 0.79 1.193 16.29 0.062 500 0.789 1.2 14.51 0.061
 Cable Surge Impedance and Capacitance

Southwire 15kV, copper, XLP 133% (dielectric constant=2.3) Okonite 15kV, aluminum, EPR 133% (dielectric constant=3.0), Class B stranded (assumed compressed)
Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF) Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF)
#2 0.283 0.773 39.71 0.025 #2 0.283 0.78 35.08 0.025
#1 0.322 0.813 36.60 0.027 #1 0.322 0.81 31.92 0.028
1/0 0.362 0.853 33.87 0.030 1/0 0.361 0.85 29.63 0.030
2/0 0.405 0.893 31.25 0.032 2/0 0.406 0.9 27.54 0.032
3/0 0.456 0.943 28.71 0.035 3/0 0.456 0.95 25.40 0.035
4/0 0.512 0.998 26.38 0.038 4/0 0.512 1 23.16 0.038
250 0.558 1.053 25.10 0.040 250 0.558 1.06 22.20 0.040
350 0.661 1.158 22.16 0.045 350 0.661 1.17 19.76 0.044
500 0.79 1.283 19.16 0.052 500 0.789 1.29 17.01 0.052

Southwire 15kV, aluminum, EPR 133% (dielectric constant=3.0)

Size d (in) D (in) Zs (ohms) Capacitance -> 500-feet of cable (uF)
#2 0.268 0.759 36.02 0.024
#1 0.299 0.789 33.58 0.026
1/0 0.336 0.826 31.12 0.028
2/0 0.376 0.866 28.87 0.030
3/0 0.423 0.911 26.55 0.033
4/0 0.475 0.959 24.31 0.036
250 0.52 1.017 23.21 0.038
350 0.616 1.094 19.87 0.044
500 0.736 1.21 17.20 0.051
Source Transformer (kVA Quantity of
upstream of snubber Downstream System kvar (surge
installation with assumed Snubber Installed Voltage kvar (surge capacitor and cable Resonant Resonant Harmonic with
Z=7.5%) Transfomers (kV) capacitor) capacitance) Harmonic Addition of Cable Capacitance

1000 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 52.24 46.76

1000 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 36.94 29.02
1000 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 49.35 44.18
1000 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 34.90 27.42
1000 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 47.21 42.26
1000 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 33.38 26.23

1500 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 63.98 57.28

1500 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 45.24 35.55
1500 3 12.47 14.66 20.71 36.94 31.07
1500 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 60.45 54.11
1500 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 42.74 33.58
1500 3 13.2 16.42 23.21 34.90 29.36
1500 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 57.82 51.76
1500 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 40.88 32.12
1500 3 13.8 17.95 25.37 33.38 28.08

2000 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 73.88 66.14

2000 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 52.24 41.05
2000 3 12.47 14.66 20.71 42.66 35.88
2000 4 12.47 19.54 25.60 36.94 32.28
2000 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 69.80 62.48
2000 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 49.35 38.78
2000 3 13.2 16.42 23.21 40.30 33.90
2000 4 13.2 21.90 28.68 34.90 30.49
2000 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 66.76 59.76
2000 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 47.21 37.09
2000 3 13.8 17.95 25.37 38.55 32.42
2000 4 13.8 23.93 31.35 33.38 29.17
Source Transformer (kVA Quantity of
upstream of snubber Downstream System kvar (surge
installation with assumed Snubber Installed Voltage kvar (surge capacitor and cable Resonant Resonant Harmonic with
Z=7.5%) Transfomers (kV) capacitor) capacitance) Harmonic Addition of Cable Capacitance
2500 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 82.60 73.94
2500 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 58.41 45.89
2500 3 12.47 14.66 20.71 47.69 40.12
2500 4 12.47 19.54 25.60 41.30 36.09
2500 5 12.47 24.43 30.48 36.94 33.07
2500 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 78.04 69.85
2500 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 55.18 43.35
2500 3 13.2 16.42 23.21 45.05 37.90
2500 4 13.2 21.90 28.68 39.02 34.09
2500 5 13.2 27.37 34.16 34.90 31.24
2500 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 74.64 66.82
2500 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 52.78 41.47
2500 3 13.8 17.95 25.37 43.09 36.25
2500 4 13.8 23.93 31.35 37.32 32.61
2500 5 13.8 29.91 37.33 33.38 29.88

3750 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 101.17 90.56

3750 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 71.54 56.20
3750 3 12.47 14.66 20.71 58.41 49.13
3750 4 12.47 19.54 25.60 50.58 44.20
3750 5 12.47 24.43 30.48 45.24 40.50
3750 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 95.57 85.55
3750 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 67.58 53.10
3750 3 13.2 16.42 23.21 55.18 46.41
3750 4 13.2 21.90 28.68 47.79 41.75
3750 5 13.2 27.37 34.16 42.74 38.26
3750 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 91.42 81.83
3750 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 64.64 50.79
3750 3 13.8 17.95 25.37 52.78 44.40
3750 4 13.8 23.93 31.35 45.71 39.94
3750 5 13.8 29.91 37.33 40.88 36.60
Source Transformer (kVA Quantity of
upstream of snubber Downstream System kvar (surge
installation with assumed Snubber Installed Voltage kvar (surge capacitor and cable Resonant Resonant Harmonic with
Z=7.5%) Transfomers (kV) capacitor) capacitance) Harmonic Addition of Cable Capacitance
5000 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 116.82 104.57
5000 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 82.60 64.90
5000 3 12.47 14.66 20.71 67.45 56.73
5000 4 12.47 19.54 25.60 58.41 51.03
5000 5 12.47 24.43 30.48 52.24 46.76
5000 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 110.36 98.79
5000 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 78.04 61.31
5000 3 13.2 16.42 23.21 63.72 53.59
5000 4 13.2 21.90 28.68 55.18 48.21
5000 5 13.2 27.37 34.16 49.35 44.18
5000 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 105.56 94.49
5000 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 74.64 58.64
5000 3 13.8 17.95 25.37 60.95 51.26
5000 4 13.8 23.93 31.35 52.78 46.11
5000 5 13.8 29.91 37.33 47.21 42.26

7500 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 143.07 128.07

7500 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 101.17 79.49
7500 3 12.47 14.66 20.71 82.60 69.48
7500 4 12.47 19.54 25.60 71.54 62.50
7500 5 12.47 24.43 30.48 63.98 57.28
7500 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 135.16 120.99
7500 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 95.57 75.09
7500 3 13.2 16.42 23.21 78.04 65.64
7500 4 13.2 21.90 28.68 67.58 59.05
7500 5 13.2 27.37 34.16 60.45 54.11
7500 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 129.28 115.73
7500 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 91.42 71.82
7500 3 13.8 17.95 25.37 74.64 62.79
7500 4 13.8 23.93 31.35 64.64 56.48
7500 5 13.8 29.91 37.33 57.82 51.76
Source Transformer (kVA Quantity of
upstream of snubber Downstream System kvar (surge
installation with assumed Snubber Installed Voltage kvar (surge capacitor and cable Resonant Resonant Harmonic with
Z=7.5%) Transfomers (kV) capacitor) capacitance) Harmonic Addition of Cable Capacitance
10000 1 12.47 4.89 6.10 165.21 147.88
10000 2 12.47 9.77 15.83 116.82 91.78
10000 3 12.47 14.66 20.71 95.38 80.23
10000 4 12.47 19.54 25.60 82.60 72.17
10000 5 12.47 24.43 30.48 73.88 66.14
10000 1 13.2 5.47 6.83 156.07 139.71
10000 2 13.2 10.95 17.74 110.36 86.71
10000 3 13.2 16.42 23.21 90.11 75.79
10000 4 13.2 21.90 28.68 78.04 68.18
10000 5 13.2 27.37 34.16 69.80 62.48
10000 1 13.8 5.98 7.47 149.28 133.63
10000 2 13.8 11.97 19.38 105.56 82.94
10000 3 13.8 17.95 25.37 86.19 72.50
10000 4 13.8 23.93 31.35 74.64 65.22
10000 5 13.8 29.91 37.33 66.76 59.76
 13.8kV 25-Ohm Snubber Sizing

Nominal System Voltage (V) = 13800

Solidly-Grounded Wye System (Yes/No) = Yes
Nominal Line-Ground Voltage (V) = 7967
Max. Overvoltage (%) = 10.0%
Max. Line-Ground Voltage (V) = 8764
Supply Conductor diameter d (in.) =
Supply Cable shield inside diameter D (in.) =
Cable suge impedance (ohms) =
Selected Resistor Size (ohms) = 25.00
Target RC time constant (s) =
Target Capacitor Size (F) =
Selected Capacitor Size (F) = 0.25
Actual time constant (s) = 6.3
Capacitor 60Hz impedance (ohms) = 10610
Total snubber 60Hz impedance (ohms) = 10635
Snubber nominal 60Hz current (A) = 0.75
Snubber max. 60Hz current (A) = 0.82
Resistor max. 60Hz power loss (W) = 16.98
Snubber max. 60 Hz current w/shorted capacitor (A) = 350.57
Resistor Long-Term Rise Temperature Limit (C) = 350.00
Resistor Rapid-Rise Temperature Limit (C) = 80
Resistor mass (g) = 1000.00
Resistor material specific heat (cal/g-C) = 0.25
Resistor max. energy dissipation at long-term rise temp. limit (J) = 366100.00
Resistor max. energy dissipation at rapid-rise temp. limit (J) = 83680.00
t1 (s, "long term") = 100.00
t2 (s, "short term") = 1.00
t3 (s, "short term) = 0.10
t4 (s, "short term) = 0.01
Long-term I t equivalanet (A2s) =
2
14644
Short-term I2t equivalanet (A2s) = 3347
Resistor Current withstand @ t1 (A) = 12
Resistor Current withstand @ t2 (A) = 58
Resistor Current withstand @ t3 (A) = 183
Resistor Current withstand @ t4 (A) = 579
 CURRENT IN AMPERES

10K
100

200

400

600

800
0.5
0.6

0.8

1K

2K

4K

6K

8K
1 2 4 6 8 10 20 40 60 80
1000 1000
800 800

600 600

400 400

200 200

100 100
Name: SNUBBER CAPACITOR
80 Manufacturer: ABB 80
Type: Surge Capacitor
60 Frame/Model: 2GUS031801A3 60
Voltage: 13800.0 V
Settings: Phase
40 40
Case Rupture

20 20

10 10
8 8
Name: SNUBBER FUSE
6 Manufacturer: Hi-Tech 6

TIME IN SECONDS
Type: FX
Frame/Model: HTFX240006
4 Trip: 6.0 A 4
Voltage: 13800.0 V
Settings: Phase
MM/TC
2 2

1 1
0.80 0.80
Name: SNUBBER RESISTOR
0.60 Manufacturer: Kanthal Globar 0.60
Type: 891SP
Frame/Model: 25 ohm
0.40 Voltage: 13800.0 V 0.40
Settings: Phase
25 Ohm Withstand Curve

0.20 0.20

0.10 0.10
0.08 0.08

0.06 0.06

0.04 0.04

0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01
1 2 4 6 8 10 20 40 60 80
0.5
0.6

0.8

1K

2K

4K

6K

8K
100

200

400

600

800

10K

Name: 15KV SNUBBER.tcc Current Scale x 1 Reference Voltage: 13800

March 8, 2012 Power System Engineering

 Schneider Electric Engineering Services

APPENDIX C: POWER SYSTEM REQUIRMENTS CHART FOR APPLYING

STANDARD 15KV SNUBBER COMPONENTS

Issued: March 2012

 Schneider Electric Engineering Services
POWER SYSTEM REQUIRMENTS FOR APPLYING
STANDARD 15KV SNUBBER COMPONENTS
If each of the following power
system configuration conditions
are met then the standardized
15kV snubber components can be
applied without further system
analysis.
Power System is
12.47kV, 13.2kV or
13.8kV, solidly
grounded wye, 60Hz
Medium-voltage power
factor correction
capacitors are not
applied on the power
system
Source transformer
(transformer which
feeds transformers with
snubbers installed) size
is 3750kVA or larger.
Issued: March 2012
Transformer in which
snubber is applied is
fed only by a utility
source (no generator
feeds).
A maximum quantity of
five transformers with
snubbers are installed
on the power system.
Power cables feeding the
transformer in which the snubber is
applied are sized between #1/0 and
500kcmil with a single conductor
per phase (no parallel conductors).
A transformer with a close-coupled
vacuum interrupting device is
permitted.
Cable length from the vacuum
interrupting device to the
transformer does not exceed 500-feet
to an individual transformer or a
total of 2500-feet where multiple
transformers are applied in a loop
feed configuration.