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ABSTRACT
Aim: This study is designed to compare the effectiveness of McKenzie Extension Exercises versus Williams flexion
Exercises for reducing Low Back Pain in B.PT. Students.
Study design: Experimental study, Randomized Control Trial.
Method: 30 Low Back Pain subjects were recruited into two groups.
Experimental Group (n=15) received McKenzie Extension Exercises such as Prone lying , Prone lying on elbows , Prone
press-ups, Standing extension , Flexion in Lying , Flexion in Standing and Sitting.
Control Group (n=15) received Williams Flexion Exercises such as Pelvic tilt , Single Knee to chest, Double knee to
chest, Partial sit-up, Hamstring stretch, Hip Flexor stretch (Lunges), Squat and Seated Flexion .
All subjects were undergone with detailed evaluation including Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) were taken as baseline
and after the end of 6th week of Low Back Pain treatment session for B.PT. Students included in both the groups.
Results: Both the groups showed clinically and statistically significant improvement in NPRS scores at the end of 6-weeks
of treatment session. NPRS scores had improved by 65.8 % in experimental group and 53.2 % in control group at the end
of 6-weeks of treatment session. However, the experimental group showed significantly higher improvement compared
with control group after intervention between the groups.
Conclusion: There was significant improvement in both the groups; however the McKenzie extension exercise group was
more effective in reducing low back pain for B.PT. Students as compared to Williams Flexion Exercises group.
KEYWORDS: McKenzie Extension Exercises; Williams Flexion Exercises; Low Back Pain
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INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY VOLUME 3 ISSUE 2 (JULY-DECEMBER 2015)
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INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY VOLUME 3 ISSUE 2 (JULY-DECEMBER 2015)
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INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY VOLUME 3 ISSUE 2 (JULY-DECEMBER 2015)
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INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY VOLUME 3 ISSUE 2 (JULY-DECEMBER 2015)
The outcome measures were taken after 6th sectional study from Southern India. Int J Med
week of exercise program, hence long term 2013; 3:342-346.
benefits and follow up were not checked. 2. Mircea Moldovan. Therapeutic Considerations
and Recovery in Low Back Pain: Williams vs
FURTHER IMPLICATIONS McKenzie . Timioara Physical Education and
Rehabilitation Journal, 2012; 5(9):58-64 .
Other Outcome Measures can be taken. 3. Ponte D.J. A Preliminary Report on the Use of
the McKenzie Protocol versus Williams
Sample size should be large in both groups.
Protocol in the Treatment of Low Back Pain,
Long term benefits can be checked.
Copyright 1984 by The Orthopaedic and Sports
Multicentered studies should be carried out to Physical Therapy Sections of the American
check the effectiveness of these interventions in Physical Therapy Association; 6(2):130-9.
low back pain subjects. 4. Mierzejewski M, et al. Prevalence of low back
pain among physical therapists in Edmonton,
CONCLUSION Canada.Disabil Rehabil. 1997 Aug; 19(8):309-
317.
Results of the study concluded that there 5. Johannsen F, et al. Exercises for chronic low
was significant improvement in both the groups; back pain: A clinical trial. J Ortop Sports Phys
however the McKenzie Extension Exercise Group Ther. 1995; 22: 52-59.
was more effective in reducing L.B.P in B.PT. 6. Johnson Olubusola E. Therapeutic Exercises in
Students as compared to Williams Flexion the Management of Non-Specific Low Back
Exercises group. Pain, Low Back Pain 2012, Dr. Ali Asghar
Norasteh , ISBN: 978-953-51-0599-2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7. Helen A Clare, et al. A systematic review of
efficacy of McKenzie therapy for spinal pain.
There are no words to gratitude sufficient Australian Journal of Physiotherapy,2004: 50;
enough to thank my honorable Dr. Vattianandane 4; 209216
for his help, direction, supports and encouragement 8. Nachemson AL. The influence of spinal
for my work. movements on the lumbar intradiscal pressure
and on the tensile stresses in the annulus
CLINICAL APPLICATION fibrosus. Acta Orthop Scand 1963; 33:183-
207.
9. Cherkin DC et al., A comparison of physical
The McKenzie Extension Exercises should
therapy, chiropractic manipulation, and
be used in Low Back Pain students as it is more
provision of an educational booklet for the
effective than Williams Flexion Exercises for
treatment of patients with low back pain, New
reducing Low back pain.
England Journal of Medicine, 1998; 339:1021-
9.
REFRENCES 10. Machado LA. The McKenzie method for low
back pain: a systematic review of the literature
1. Mathew AC, et al. The prevalence and with a meta-analysis approach. Spine (Phila Pa
correlates of low back pain in adults: A cross 1976). 2006 Apr 20; 31(9):254-62.
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