RUNNING HEAD: EDID 6503 INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN THEORIES,MODELS &

STRATEGIES

EDID 6503- Assignment 2

Genevieve Cox

EDID 6503 Theorist in the Field- Instructional Design Technology

Professor: Dr. Laura Gray

Date November 6, 2015

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Personal life/Biography

Jerrold Kemp was born on April 28th 1921 in New York. He is a

pioneer in the field of Education, and also a researcher in the field

of Instructional Design. He is a former president of the Association

of Educational Communications and Technology (AECT). Mr.

Kemp did military and wartime service in the United States Army

and Air force from 1942-1947, and also worked as a science high school teacher and media

coordinator in Miami, Florida. Mr. Kemp has enjoyed a long and fruitful career in education, and

currently lives in Fairfield, California with his wife Edith. He was the TECHNOS Press author in

2000, and has consulted in the educational field both in the United States and abroad. He also

consulted with UNESCO on various educational projects. He developed the Kemp Model in

conjunction with Gary R. Morrison and Stephen M. Ross, and is the main contributor to the

Model (Reiser, 2001). Mr. Kemp has authored and co-authored many books and publications on

the topic of audiovisual and media technology, education, and in the field of instructional design.

Jerrold Kemp is now retired from his positions as professor of education and coordinator of

media production and instructional development services at San Jose, where he worked for 30

years.

Education and academic career

Jerrold Kemp attended the University of Florida, where he attained his Bachelors of

Science Degree in Chemistry in 1942. In 1952, he obtained his Masters of Science Degree from

the University of Miami, and in 1956, he completed a doctoral degree in Education at Indiana

University. Dr. Kemps career in academia began at San Jose University as a professor of
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Education. He authored many books, and also served as the coordinator for media production

and instructional services during his long tenure there.

Dr. Jerrold Kemp was a contributor to the field of education and instruction for many

decades, and a consultant on many innovative practices and projects in the field of education. His

first book published in 1963, entitled Planning and Producing Audio-visual Materials was

followed in 1971 by Instructional Design: A Plan for Unit and Course Development. He thought

of the term Instructional Design, and was the first person to use it.

Dr. Jerrold Kemp was president-elect of the Association for Educational Communications and

Technology (AECT) for many years, until his retirement. The AECT provides leadership in

education and communications technology by allowing professionals in the various fields having

a common interest in educational technology, and how it applies to the learning process to

network and link with each other to promote improvement of instruction through technology in

the field. The AECT established an in 2012 to honor Dr. Jerrold Kemps contributions to the

instructional design field. The winner receives an honorarium from the AECT endowment in Dr.

Kemps name and a session in the convention program.

Research

Dr. Jerrold Kemp is an accomplished scholar in the field of Instructional Design, he is the

main contributor to the Kemp Design Model, the others being Morrison and Ross. (Morrison et

al, 2010) describes the model as an instructional design method that draws from a number of

disciplines and approaches to instructional design. The model is explained in Dr. Kemps book
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Designing Effective Instruction first published in 1994 (Morrison et al., 2010). The Kemp model

includes is based on nine elements in the design process, and is geared towards a more holistic,

cognitive and learner centered systems approach, which views the design activity as a continuous

cycle.

Kemp Design Model

The comprehensive nature of the Kemp Design Model make it an appropriate tool for

designing large online instructional modules, but too "unwieldy for developing short, single-

purpose lessons (Kranch, 2008). This model also assumes a constant level of development

effort throughout the instructional cycle (Kranch, 2008). Dr. Kemp has recognized the

expanding role played by audio visual media in designing instruction and has also been very

active in researching how audio visual information, and the avenues it offers for communication

can be applied to the instructional needs of individual and group learning situations.

The Kemp Model is best suited for large instructional design projects where there will be a

number of team members contributing to the process (Giles, 2013). In this sense, team members

can contribute to the various stages and elements simultaneously in the design process. (Giles,

2013). Akbulut describes the model as circular, rather than linear the nine elements are

interdependent and are not required to be considered in order in the design process. (Akbulut,

2007).
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Kemp Design Model
(The Morrison, Ross, & Kemp Model (Gustafson, Branch, & Eric Clearninghouse, 2002, p.47).

The nine elements according to (Kramer,

2013) allow the designer to:

determine the needs of the

learner

define the topics for instruction

outline the content, tasks, and procedures

analyze the characteristics of the learner

define the learning objectives

design the instructional activities and instructional resources

identify available support services

and design the assessment and evaluation tools

The theoretical background of the Kemp Design Model is drawn from various approaches

and disciplines in instructional design. (Morrison et al., 2010), believes that the Kemp design

process does not have a perfect approach, and so there is not only one way of solving a design

problem. The model considers the individuality and uniqueness of each instructional designer

and can be flexibly tailored to be used in a range of environments, industries and settings. These
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settings include business, higher education, government, industry, K-12, medical and in the

military. The model considers that each project may be started and finished at different stages in

the instructional design development process, and allows the designer to adapt to the various

requirements of the design (Morrison et al., 2010). The steps in the design process may be

performed in any order either independently or simultaneously at the discretion of the designer

(Gustafson, 2007).

The Kemp Model encompasses both behavioural and cognitive approaches to learning

and approaches instruction and design from the perspective of the learner. The model considers

the constraints, goals, needs and priorities of the learner in order to discover the instructional

solution (Giles, 2013). (Akbulut,2007) describes the model as circular , rather than linear the

nine elements are interdependent and are not required to be considered in an orderly way to

realize the instructional design. The nine elements are the center of the process which Morrison,

Ross, and Kemp believe are essential for effective planning (Gustafson, Branch, & Eric

Clearninghouse, 2002). To implement the model an instructional designer, would perform the steps

in no particular order.

The Kemp Model according to (Kranch, 2008 ) is too unwieldy for developing short

single purpose lessons, but its comprehensive nature is more suited to designing large online

instructional modules, where there is a constant level of development taking place throughout the

instructional cycle. (Giles, 2013) concludes that the Kemp Model is suited to large instructional

design projects with a number of designers/ team members working on the design process.

Designers/ and team member are constantly contributing to the various stages of design and to

different elements of design simultaneously to achieve the goals and objectives of the design.
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Publication and Books

A Google search for books written by Jerrold Kemp revealed that he has written and co-

authored many research books and articles over the course of his career. Listed below are some

of his more popular books in the field of audio visual media, education and instructional design.

Kemp, J.E. (2000). An Interactive Guidebook for Designing Education in the 21st Century.

Kemp, J. E., & Cochern, G. W. (1994). Planning for Effective Technical Training: A Guide for

Instructors and Trainers. Educational Technology.

Kemp, J.E. Morrison, G. R. & Ross S. M. (1994). Designing Effective Instruction: Applications

of Instructional Design.

Kemp, J. E. (1980). Planning and producing audiovisual materials (No. Ed. 4). Harper & Row.

Kemp, J. E. (1996). School Restructuring: Your School Can Do It!. Techtrends, 41(1), 12-15.

Kemp, J. E. (1971). Instructional Design; A Plan for Unit and Course Development.

Kemp, J. E., (1971). Instructional Design: A Plan for Unit and Course Development. Belmont,

CA: Lear Siegler, Inc./Fearon Publishers.

Dr. Jerrold Kemps writing career has not only been in the field of Education and

Instructional Design. He has ventured into the field of romance by co-authoring with Edith
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Ankersmit Kemp. These books are :Older Couples New Couplings (2001), Older Couples New

Romances (2002). Living Healthy at Any age; The Wisdom of almost 9 Ninety years (2010).

This book is an ebook that is available from Xlibris.com, and various other books about

retirement.

Jerrold Kemp to my mind had his eyes in the future, and during his engaging and

productive career that spanned nearly six decades beginning with his first teaching position as a

science teacher at the Robert E. Lee Junior High in Florida to his presidency of the AECT

beginning in 1973 when the association celebrated its fiftieth anniversary he continued to see

students as a participatory resource in the learning process. In concluding his interview some of

his final words to the interviewer, Barbara Locker in 2011reflected on his interest on health and

well being. He gives us three instructions for well being design: these are exercise, eat well, and

engage in activities to exercise the mind and keep it active. I am thankful that I chose Dr. Jerrold

Kemp as my theorist. Having never heard of him before this exercise I am privileged to have

learnt about this influential educator, and instructional designer through my participation in this

course.
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References

Akbulut, Y. (2007). Implications of two well-known models for instructional designers in

distance education: Dick-Carey versus Morrison-Ross-Kemp.Online submission.

Association of Educational Communications and Technology (AECT).

http://www.aect.org/Foundation/Awards/kemp.asp

Giles, Michelle. (2013). The kemp id model. [Slideshare]. Retrieved

from http://www.slideshare.net/lindamgiles/kemp-id-modelpresmgiles-16411696

Gustafson, K. L., & Branch, R. M. (2002). What is instructional design. Trends and issues in

instructional design and technology, 16-25.

Kemp, J. (1985). The instructional design process. New York, NY: Harper Row.

Kramer, E. (2013, March). Instructional design models and their effectiveness for asynchronous

online curriculum development. In Society for Information Technology & Teacher

Education International Conference (Vol. 2013, No. 1, pp. 645-652).

Kranch, D. A. (2008). Getting it right gradually: An Iterative Method for Online

Instruction Development. Quarterly Review of Distance Education,9(1).

Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., Kemp, J. E., & Kalman, H. (2010). Designing effective instruction.
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John Wiley & Sons.

Reiser, R. A. (2001). A history of instructional design and technology: Part II: A history of

instructional design. Educational technology research and development, 49(2), 57-67

Ryder, M. (2003). Instructional design models. School of Education, University of Colorado at

Denver http://carbon. cudenver. edu/~ mryder/reflect/idmodels. html (Consultada el 18 de

Agosto de 2007).

University of Virginia. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/49425

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Reflections on Researching Dr. Jerrold Kemp.

Performing a Google Search on Dr. Jerrold Kemp was an informative journey with links

to many Websites containing numerous articles. However no site proved to be as informative as

the Wikipedia article located at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerold_Kemp

Much of the material and most of the information, facts, and references recorded in my paper

came from this source, and to other sources linked in the article. In addition the article featured a

link to the University of Virginia containing an MP3 file with an interview with Dr. Jerrold

Kemp conducted by Barbara Locker 2011 in 2011. The link is listed below:

https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/49425/JerroldKemp.webm?

sequence=3&isAllowed=y

I experienced difficulty accessing this information, it took forever to download, and

when it did, the reception was very sporadic. I tried the downloading exercise at work with the

help of someone from the IT Department, who suggested that I try to download after everyone

had left work, and Eureka! It worked!

I was able to hear first hand Dr. Kemps account of his long and illustrious career in the

audio-visual, education, and instructional design fields. His recollections were a treasure trove of

information and knowledge. Dr. Kemp is a piece of the process of the systematic change of

applying technology in education. He sees his greatest accomplishment as taking the idea of

designing instruction and running with it, and now it is time for others to take over. He

comments that you dont look into the rear view mirror when youre teaching, you look into the

futureI would like to see more changing impacts of technology being applied to learning
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because technology is a process, not just a how to it, it should lead us to think of other ways to

do things, there should be a technology media change away from the teacher being in control to

where students perform much of the learning activity.