Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Department of Physics

Physics 8.01L

SAMPLE FINAL EXAM SOLUTIONS January 25, 2006

Problem 1
N kT N k T3 10 N kT
a) V = P , VN EW = P = 3 P , V goes up
10

b) (i) F = mg = 8(10) = 80N

(ii)FBuoy = (1000)(.002)(10) = 20N,
F = 80 20 = 60N
c) Velocity goes down, pressure goes up.

Problem 2
a) Equilibrium, so FBuoyant w = 0 FB = w.
FB = Vf f g = (r2 d)g = w, d = rw2 g
2
b) FT OT = M a = FB w, FB = r2 ( d2 )g = d( r2g )
2
From (a), d = rw2 g FB = rw2 g ( r2g ) = w2
Half as deep half as large buoyancy force.
FT OT = M a = w2 w = w 2 , a = 2m , but w = M g.
w

a = 2 , accelerating downward at g2 .
g

Problem 3
a) P + gy = constant, P1 + g(0) = P2 + g(6500)
P2 = P1 g(y2 ) = 1.013 105 (0.95)(9.8)(6500),
P2 = 4.08 104 N/m2 = 0.40 atm

b) N = const, V = const, P V = N kT
P1 P2 P1 T2
T1 = T2 , T1 = 293, P1 = 1.5 107 , T2 = 253, P2 = = 1.30 107 N/m2
T1

Problem 4
ii) f exerts torque around center of mass, so you fall over.

1
iii) Now N exerts torque which can balance torque due to friction.

Problem 5
a)

3
b) Take torques around toes: M gL cos() F ( 43L ) cos() = 0, F = Mg
4
1
c)T + F = M g, T = Mg .
4

Problem 6
a) 3M g + M g = 4M g.

b) Take torques about left end: 4M gD LM g = 0, D = L4 .

L
Check torque around weight: 0 = D(3M g) M g(L D), D(4M g) = M gL, D = 4.

Problem 7
a)

b)
Fx = N2 + N1 sin() f1 cos() = 0
Fy = f2 M g + N1 cos() + f1 sin() = 0

= M g( L2 cos()) N1 L = 0.

c)

= N2 L sin() + f2 L cos() M g L2 cos() = 0.

d)

Problem 8
a) = I, take torques about hinge.
2 gL
3g 3g
(M g)( L2 )(sin(90 )) = ( ML
3 )() =
2
L2
= 2L , =
3 2L

2
b)

F = M acm , acm = ( L2 ), downward.

All forces and acceleration are vertical FH = 0 .
3g
FV M g = M a = M ( L2 ) = M ( 2L )( L2 ) = 3Mg
4
3Mg Mg Mg
FV = M g 4 FV = , FT OT = , up .
4 4
c) Used xed pivot:

KEI = 0, P EI = M gL, KEF = 12 Iend 2 , P EF = M g( L2 ), Work = 0.

1 ML2 2 L ML2 2 MgL 2 3g 3g
2 ( 3 ) + M g 2 = M gL, 6 = 2 , =
L
or =
L
.
Used center of mass:
KEI = 0, KEF = 21 M vCM2
+ 21 ICM 2 , vCM = ( L2 )
L 2 2 1 ML2
1
KEF = 2 M ( 2 ) + 2 ( 12 ) 2 = M L2 2 ( 81 + 24
1 3
) = M L2 2 ( 24 1
+ 24 )
2 2 1
= M L ( 6 ) Same answer.

Problem 9
a) L is conserved: mvR = (I0 + mR2 )f
mvR
f =
I0 + mR2
2 2 2
b) KEI = 12 mv 2 , KEF = 21 (I0 + mR2 )( I0mvR 2 1 m v R
+mR2 ) = 2 ( I0 +mR2 )
KEF mR2
=
KEI I0 + mR2

Problem 10
a) Left
b) Yes, gravity.
c) Out of the page; Counter-clockwise.
d) Yes, pivot force.
e) Out of the page; Counter-clockwise.
f ) Out of the page.

Problem 11
Take clockwise to be positive. Angular momentum is conserved: II mvI d = If + mvf d

0.30() 0.15(50)(0.8) = 0.3(0.35) + 0.15(40)(0.8)

0.20 = 6 + 4.8
= 54rad/s . Period = 0.12 sec.