Welcome to Presentation

on
E D Ms & Total Stations

by
K.RAMESH
Asst. Product Manager
Lawrence & Mayo
Secunderabad.
 What is Survey
Surveying is an art of determining
relative positions on the surface of
earth with respect to each other.
To represent the features of the objects
on the ground graphically in a drawing
the data on the ground will be collected
using different survey methods and
then it will be plotted in the drawing.
 History of Survey
In olden days people used to measure
the distance between two destinations
by manual estimation.
Then linear measuring devises like
chains are came in to use to measure
the linear measurements and cross
staffs to erect right angles.
To measure the area of a boundary
chains and cross staffs are being used
by the people in olden days.
 The disadvantage of this method is that
using a cross staff we can divide the
area in to triangles. We cant measure
the angles accurately with cross staff.

To eliminate this problem theodolites

are introduced to measure the angular
measurements.
In the first generation of the
theodolite family vernire theodolites
are introduced which works with the
principle taking readings using
vernire scales.
The distance measurement can be
done using stadia constant in the
theodolites.
In the next generation 1 theodolites
are introduced with the facility to fix
EDM on the top.
Then electronic theodolites are
introduced. These theodolites can
also having facility to mount EDM on
the top to measure distance.
In electronic theodolite angels are
being measured using two scales
which are encoded to display the
angular measurements in digital
display fixed to the instrument.
We have to note the angular
measurements from theodolite and
linear measure measurements from
EDM
To plot the positions on drawing we
have use a protractor and scale.
If we use co-ordinate system we can
directly plot the position on the drawing
with reference to its X or E and Y or N.
To calculate co-ordinate from
angular and linear measurements
data we need to do mathematical
calculations.
These calculations are to be tabled in a
sheet then those readings are to be
marked on a graph sheet to represent
the ground locations in a drawing.
 What is E.D.M
E.D.M is the electronic distance measuring
device, measures the distance from the
instrument to its target. The EDM sends out
an laser or infrared beam which is reflected
back to the unit, and the unit uses velocity
measurements to calculate the distance
traveled by the beam
Using E D Ms drawbacks
 EDMs measure in a straight
line

If the EDM is held horizontal, the results are

horizontal distance.
If the instrument does not include a means to
level it, distance must be considered to be a
slope distance.
 If the EDM is mounted on a theodolite or
built into a Total Station, horizontal
distance can be determined
The instrument measures slope distance
and vertical angles, then computes
horizontal distance
If mounted separately, slope angle must
be determined by another method to
arrive at horizontal distance.

If separate, the EDM is usually mounted on

a tribrach.
Tribrach is a special tripod mount, which
provides an optical means of locating over
a point.
What is Total station ?....
 A total station is a combination electronic
theodolite and electronic distance
measuring device (EDM).
With this device, as with a theodolite and
tape, one may determine angles and
distances from the instrument to points to
be surveyed.
With the aid of trigonometry, the angles
and distances may be used to calculate the
co-ordinates (x, y, and z or northing,
easting and elevation) of surveyed points in
absolute terms.
To calculate co-ordinates, the measured
angular and linear data is transferred to a
microprocessor in the total station.

Using the inbuilt programmes of the

microprocessor according to the programme
chosen by the operator the results will be
displayed on the screen.
The co-ordinate data can be saved in the
internal or external memory of the total
station instrument.
 About pentax

Pentaxs industry-leading technology

and products backed by our unrivaled
passion for creativity help preserve the
precious moments of life.
PENTAX Surveying Instruments are
widely used for surveying, mapping
construction and land development.
 About Pentax Total Station

PENTAX R-300X SERIES

 About PENTAX
PENTAX industry-leading technology and products
backed by our unrivaled passion for creativity help
preserve the precious moments of life.

PENTAX Surveying Instruments are widely used

for surveying, mapping construction and land
development.
 JSIMA
JAPAN SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS
MANUFACTURES ASSOCIATION

PENTAX manufactures the most modern surveying

instruments employing superior opto-mechatronics
 PentaxR-300x series employ two
unique features

Automatic Environmental Sensing.

Auto Focusing.
 Auto Focusing

Telescope focusing has been automated

with push button auto focus capability.
The operator can also use power focus or
manual focus for special situations
 Automatic Environmental Sensing.

The environmental correction (PPM) is

calculated from data supplied by electronic
temperature and pressure sensors. The operator
does not need to measure or input this data; the
instrument takes care of it automatically and
continuously
 Other advanced features

Absolute angle encoders

Electronic vial
Narrow visible beam EDM
Laser plummet
Date and time
On board processing software
 Absolute angle encoders

Absolute encoders are used for faster startup,

better vertical angle accuracy and more
consistent horizontal reference angle
orientation
 Electronic vial

Helps to setup the instrument faster on the ground

 Narrow visible beam EDM

The narrow visible beam lets users see the

exact measurement point and get accurate
distances into tighter spots than ever before
 Laser plummet

A visible laser plummet increases setup speed

 Camcorder batteries
Standard camcorder batteries are low cost and
widely available

IPX6 waterproofing
The IPX6 waterproofing gives serious weather
protection.

Date and time

Displays date and time and it stores along
with each point we measure.
PENTAX SOFTWARE
POWER TOPOLITE

PSF SOFTWARE

PYTHAGORAS
 POWER TOPOLITE
R-300X comes equipped with full-featured Power
Topolite software that can help you handle your most
difficult survey jobs.

User definable formats in polar and rectangular

Full graphical display including on screen plotting
Icon symbols for ease of use
Easy Data transfer
Full range of co go functions
Open configuration gives access to powerful
integrated functions
 Measurement
File
Measure
View
Free Stationing
Stake Out
I/O
Preference
Internal Memory 20000 POINTS (Measured and input
coordinate data)
Single prism can measure up to 4500 mts
 Power Topo for PENTAX:
Calculations (1)
COGO functions:
Inverse
Point
Circle radius
Line-arc intersection
Line-line intersection
Arc-arc intersection
Distance offset
Point-distance offset
Arc-distance offset
 PowerTopo for PENTAX:
Calculations (2)
2D Surface
calculation of 2D and 3D contour of a polygon
calculation of 2D surface of the area
3D Surface & Volume
calculation of the contour, 2D and 3D surface
calculation of the positive/negative/total volume
Open/closed polygon (traverse)
calculation of closing errors
calculation of outline
overview of the coordinates of the points
graphical display of the points
 PSF Software

Data Storage : Job Name, Station Point information, Point number,

HA, VA, Slope Distance and feature code can be stored on the internal
memory.

Distance Stakeout

RDM Measurement

Offset Shots :Offsets can be measured manually and input when the
prism cannot be positioned because of an obstacle in the way.

Coordinate Stakeout

REM Measurement
REM - Remote Elevation Measurement
RDM - Remote Distance Measurement
VPM - Vertical Plane Measurement
 PYTHAGAROS SOFTWARE
Pythagoras is state-of-the art CAD software
for Land Surveying and Civil Engineering. It
is a very powerful and intuitive application.
Integrates sophisticated calculation and powerful
drawing functions Ground modeling, Road design,
Contouring, Volume Calculations, Image management
Applications
 A Smart View Of
Pentax Total Station
Other products from
pentax
Auto focus levels
Auto levels
Laser levels

Electronic theodilites
Thank you for your attention!