Chapter 1: Introduction to Biology (F4)

Overview: 1. What is Biology?

2. Fields of Biology Pure Biology and Applied Biology
3. Importance of Biology
4. How Biology is studied

BIOLOGY

'Bios' 'Logos'
(Living things) (Study)

Definition:
Study of living things which include their living processes at both the molecular and cellular as
well as interaction with the surrounding for carrying out the living processes successfully.
 Fields of Biology

Types of living things Interaction with environment

- Plant (Botany)
- Animal (Zoology)
- Ecology
- Environment
Science
- Marine Biology

Living Processes

Molecular Level (Chemistry) Cellular Level Marine Biology

(Cell)

- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology - Cytology (cell)
- Genetics - Histology (Tissue)
- Anatomy (body
Application of Biology to other fields (Applied Biology) structure)

(i) Medical Field (ii) Agriculture Field (iii) Food Industry

- Medicine
- Dentistry - Agriculture - Biotechnology
- Nutritionist
 Importance of Biology

We are living things

Curious how our body functions healthily in order

to carry the living processes successfully
(MERIGRAN)

How Biology is studied?

Scientific Investigation

1. Process (Thinking) Skill

+
2. Manipulated (Psycho-motor skill)

Cause

1. A change in the surrounding/phenomenon

2. Curiosity to know what cause the change
3. Giving a suggested /suspected answer to change
4. Carrying scientific experiments to investigate

(a) Planning an experiment

(i) Apparatus (Glassware of electrical instruments) & Materials
(Chemical & Tissue samples from living organisms)
(ii) Assign variables (factors involved in experiments)
- Manipulated Variable (Changeable/dependent)
- Fixed/constant Variable (Unchangeable factors)
- Responding Variable Reaction produces from the manipulated
variable (Independent Variable)
5. Carrying out the experiments in a correct and
safe technique

6. Observe the change and record the result

7. Answer for the change

Write a scientific report

(a) Problem Statement

(b) Hypothesis (suggested answer)
(c) Objective (Aim to find out)
(d) Variables Manipulated Y-axis (Responding Variable)

Fixed
Responding 5
(e) Apparatus 4.5
(f) Procedure 4
(g) Result Table form/ Graph form Bar
3.5
chart
3
2.5 Series 1
Histogram
2 Series 2
Line Graph 1.5
(h) Conclusion (accepting/rejecting) 1
hypothesis 0.5
0
?
Establishing of scientific theory (based on
consistent result obtained)
 *full page *Title X-axis (Manipulated
Variable)