Evaluation of Dust Collector

Systems to Optimize
Performance
Andy Winston
GE Energy
Why talk about dust collection?
The accompanying phenomenon of
comminution, handling and processing the
material components which finally form
Portland cement is the generation of dust .

- from Dudas Cement Data-Book

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Typical 2000 mtpd cement plant
2000 mtpd = approx. 1400 kg/min of
cement production

2610 kg/min = 1.9 kg of dust

1400 kg/min collected for every
kg of cement
produced!

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Major components of a dust collection
system
Dust
Collect or

Fan
Duct work

Vent Hood
Dust Removal Syst em

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Basic concept of a dust collection
system
Ideally, its not a dust collect ion system,
its a dust cont ainment
or cont rol system

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Ultimate goal of a dust ventilation
system
Provide maximum dust control and
containment with a minimum
of dust collection

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Air flow or gas flow
The volumetric flow rate of air or gas
per unit of time
Usual unit s are:
Cubic feet per minute (cfm)
Cubic meters per minute (m3/min)
Cubic meters per hour (m3/h)

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Major components of a dust
ventilation system

Vent Hood

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Hood design
Vent points and hoods are probably
the most overlooked component of a
dust control system

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For enclosure type hoods:

Q= Vx A
Q = Ventilation Airflow Rate (cfm)

V = Capture Velocity (fpm)

A = Total Open Area on Enclosure (sq. ft .)

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Belt conveyor venting
Typical Bet t er
Design
Design

Improved
Design

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Hood design

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Hood design

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Air conveyor venting

Typical
Design

Bet t er
Design
Improved
Design

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Air conveyor venting

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Bucket elevator ventilation

Typical Improved
Design Design

Bet t er
Design

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Ball mill ventilation (open end mill)
Exhaust Air

Exhaust Air

Product discharge

Poor design

Product discharge

Bet t er design
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Hood design ball mills

Extend Mill Hood as

High as Possible

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Major components of a dust
ventilation system

Duct work

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Air or gas flow in a duct

Q= Vx A

Q = Air or Gas Flow (cfm)

V = Transport Velocity in Duct (fpm)

A = Cross-Sectional Area of Duct (sq. ft .)

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Duct design
Avoid Avoid Avoid Avoid

Accept able Recommended Accept able Accept able

Recommended Recommended Recommended Recommended

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Duct design

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Duct design

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Ductwork balancing

Equal Areas

Blast Gat e Damper

Modificat ion

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Centralized venting concept

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Decentralized point venting

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Major components of a dust
ventilation system
Dust
Collect or

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Air-to-cloth ratio
Type of filt er Maximum recommended
cleaning syst em air-t o-clot h rat io
Shaker 3.0
Reverse Air 2.0
Pulse-Jet :
A. Cylindrical Filt er Bags 6.0
B. Pleat ed Filt ers (Non-Paper Media) 3.5
C. Pleat ed Filt ers (Paper Media) 2.0
Plenum Pulse 4.0

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Can velocity
In a pulse jet dust
collector with the filter
elements suspended from
the tubesheet, can
velocity is the upward air
stream speed passing
between the filters
calculated at the
horizontal cross-sectional
plane of the collector
housing at the bottom of
the filters
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Photohelic gauge
An instrument used to
measure and control
baghouse differential
pressure; having adjustable
set points that can be used for
starting and stopping the
baghouse valve-firing timer
board, to maintain a desired
range of operating differential
pressure.

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Major components of a dust
ventilation system

Fan

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System curve
St at ic
Pressure

12
11
} Out let Duct

Baghouse + Media

5
Duct work t o Baghouse
SP = Const ant x Q2
1
} Pickup Hood
Q1
Cubic Feet per minut e (CFM)

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System and fan curves

Fan

Desired
Pressure (P)

Baghouse
Pressure

Syst em
Pressure

Flow Rat e (Q)

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System effect

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System effect

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In conclusion
Make sure your systems are:
Maximizing dust control and containment
While minimizing dust collection

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