BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, Pilani

Pilani Campus

INSTRUCTION DIVISION
SECOND SEMESTER 2016-2017
Course Handout Part II
Date: 08/01/2017
Course No. : EEE F414 / INSTR F414
Course Title : Telecommunication Switching Systems and Networks
Instructor in Charge (IC) : Dr. Praveen Kumar A.V.
1. Scope and objective of the course:
The course deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of voice and data communication
systems and networks. Topics ranging from the electromechanical switching to the electronic
switching, from the analog exchange to the digital exchange, from voice only network to
integrated data networks etc will be covered. Space division and Time division switching
systems and Traffic engineering will be discussed in detail. The course will also introduce
applications such as ISDN, ADSL and ATM networks.
2. Text Book:
i) John C. Bellamy, Digital Telephony, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2000
3. References:
i) T. Viswanathan and M. Bhatnagar, Telecommunication Switching Systems and
Networks, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall, 1992
ii) Roger L. Freeman, Telecommunication System Engineering, 4 th Ed., , John Wiley &
Sons, 2004
4. Proposed Course Plan:
Lec.
Detailed topics to be covered Reference
No.
Course overview, Telecom industry, Standard organizations,
Networks, Non-hierarchical and Hierarchical networks, Cost
and Reliability, Bell system hierarchy, PSTN - PBX,
1-2 Subscriber line, Trunk, End office, Tandem office, Toll office,
Exchange area network, High usage trunk, Alternate routing,
Telephone numbering scheme, Subscriber loop distribution
system
Analog network, Switching system overview -
Electromechanical and Electronic. Switch controls -
Progressive, Common and Stored Program (SPC) controls.
Ch1 TB and
Two wire vs Four wire lines, Pair-Gain systems, Transmission
3-5 reference books
media - Bandwidth limiting factors, Transmission
impairments - Distortion, Noise, Intermodulation, cross-talk
and echoes, return loss, Loop attenuation and DC loop
resistance
Power levels - dBrn, dBrn0, dBm0, TLP value. Noise
weighting. FDM hierarchy- sub-carrier selection for various
groups. Signaling - DC and DTMF, In-channel signaling- In-
6-7
band and Out-of-band, Common channel signaling -
Associated and Dissociated. Routing - Fixed and Dynamic.
Concepts of Alternate routing and Re-routing (Crankback).

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Dynamic Non-Hierarchical Routing

TDM hierarchy, T-carrier and E-carrier systems, Digital
8-9 switching - Space-Time switch, Digital network evolution, Ch 1, Ch 2
Digital voice networks - attractions and challenges
Voice digitization, PAM, PCM, Quantizing - Midriser and
Midtread. Companding - -law and A-law, SQNR,
Linearization of 255 PCM, Code inversion. Speech
10-13 Ch 3
redundancies and sample correlations. Long term and Short
term spectral densities. Differential PCM and Delta
modulation, Slope overload and Granular noise.
Pulse transmission - Essential bandwidth and Theoretical
bandwidth, Intersymbol interference and Pulse Ringing,
Timing inaccuracy - Practical bandwidth, Synchronous
transmission. Timing recovery - Bit stuffing and Scrambling.
14-18 Line coding - Spectral density and bandwidth of Polar and Ch 4
Bipolar signaling. High density codes - BNZS, HDBN. Pair
Selected Ternary. Diphase, Differential and Multilevel
signaling. Partial response signaling and bandwidth. TDM
framing- acquisition time
Space division switching, Blocking and Non-blocking
switches, Three stage switch, Number of cross-points,
Blocking probabilities - Lee graph, Pathfinding routine, Time
19-26 Ch 5
division switching, Time slot interchange, STS and TST
switching. Call processor, Data and Control store, Equivalent
cross points, Implementation complexity
Traffic analysis. Traffic intensity and Erlangs, average
number of active circuits, Poisson arrival and Exponential
holding time distributions, Inter-arrival time distributions,
27-34 Ch 12
Loss systems-LCC, LCR and LCH with infinite sources. Delay
systems - probability distribution and average delay for
infinite sources
Data networks, Circuit switching, Message switching, Packet
switching, Datagram, ISDN - channels - B, D and H. Access
35-40 standards - Basic and Primary rates. ISDN user interfaces- Ch 10
TE1, TE2, NT1, NT2 and TA. B-ISDN - ATM, Virtual circuit
switching, Statistical multiplexing. ADSL vs ISDN

5. Evaluation Scheme: (minimum 20 % weightage for open book)

Date &
Component Weightage Duration Evaluation type
Time
During the
Surprise Quiz 20 % 10-15 min Closed/Open book
lecture hour
Assignment 10 % Take home
9/3 2:00 -
Mid sem. Exam 35 % 90 min Closed book
3:30 PM
Comprehensive
35 % 3 hours 11/5 FN Closed+ Open book
Exam

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6. Chamber Consultation Hours: To be announced

7. Notices: Will be displayed in Nalanda.
8. Make-up policy: No make-up will be given for surprise quizzes, however for
other components; make-up will be given ONLY in cases of sickness or urgency
for going out of station. In such case student must produce the sufficient proof or
must take the prior permission from the IC.
Instructor in Charge
Chamber : 2210-D

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